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Java Script

The document discusses various conditional statements in JavaScript including if, if/else, if/else if/else statements and switch statements. It provides the syntax and examples of using each statement. Additionally, it covers topics like objects, classes, inheritance, prototypes and constructors in object oriented programming with JavaScript.

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SWorD Z
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views

Java Script

The document discusses various conditional statements in JavaScript including if, if/else, if/else if/else statements and switch statements. It provides the syntax and examples of using each statement. Additionally, it covers topics like objects, classes, inheritance, prototypes and constructors in object oriented programming with JavaScript.

Uploaded by

SWorD Z
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 7 :

JAVA SCRIPTING
CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
Mentor: Shanthini
Conditional Statements
Below are the conditionals statements in Javascript:
• if statement - execute some code only if a specified condition is true
• if...else statement - execute some code if the condition is true and another
code if the condition is false
• if...else if....else statement - use this statement to select one of many
blocks of code to be executed
• switch statement - use this statement to select one of many blocks of
code to be executed
If statements
Use the ‘if’ statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is true.

Syntax:

if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true
}
If Statement - Example
<script type="text/javascript">

//Write a "Good morning" greeting if the time is less than 10’o Clock

var d=new Date();


var time=d.getHours();

if (time<10)
{
document.write("<b>Good morning</b>");
}

</script> Note that there is no ‘else’ in this


syntax. You tell the browser to
execute some code only if the
specified condition is true.
If...else Statements
Use the if....else statement to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if the
condition is not true.

Syntax
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true
}

else
{
code to be executed if condition is not true
}
If Else Statement- Example
<script type="text/javascript">
//write a "Good morning" greeting if the time is less than 14
var d=new Date();
var time=d.getHours();
if (time<14)
{
document.write("<b>Good afternoon</b>");
}
else
{
document.write("<b>Good evening</b>");
}
If...else if...else Statement
Use the if....else if...else statement to select one of several blocks of code to be executed.

Syntax
if (condition1)
{
code to be executed if condition1 is true
}
else if (condition2)
{
code to be executed if condition2 is true
}
else
{
code to be executed if condition1 and condition2 are not true
}
If...else if...else Statement - Example
<script type="text/javascript">
var d = new Date()
var time = d.getHours()
if (time<10)
{
document.write("<b>Good morning</b>");
}
else if (time>10 && time<16)
{
document.write("<b>Good day</b>");
}
else
{
document.write("<b>Hello World!</b>");
}
</script>
Math.random()
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var r=Math.random();
if (r>0.5)
{
document.write(“This is a value greater than 0.5");
}
else
{
document.write(“ This is some other value");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Java Scripting: Switch Case
• Switch statement is used as an alternate to multiple if .. else statements
• Use the Switch Case statement to pick a block of code to execute
• The Switch statement uses strict comparisons (===), values must be the same type to match
Syntax:
switch(expression)
{
case value: expression;
break;
case value: expression;
break;
default: Expression;
}
Switch Case - Example
var my_day=new Date();
switch (my_day.getDay())
{
case 0: console.log("Today is Sunday"); break;
case 1: console.log("Today is Monday"); break;
case 2: console.log("Today is Tuesday"); break;
case 3: console.log("Today is Wednesday"); break;
case 4: console.log("Today is Thursday"); break;
case 5: console.log("Today is Friday"); break;
case 6: console.log("Today is Saturday"); break;
default: console.log("value of i is not equal to any given days"); break;
}
JavaScript Switch vs If Statement
Switch Case: If Else Case:
• You are comparing multiple possible • You want to test for the truthiness of an
conditions of an expression and the expression expression.
itself is non-trivial.
• You only have a single affirmative test.
• You have multiple values that may require the
same code. • You need to evaluate different expressions for
each branch
• You have some values that will require
essentially all of another value's execution,
plus only a few statements.
Object Oriented Programming
Concepts of Object Oriented Programming:
• Object
• Classes
• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
Objects
Object
• Is an unique entity which
JavaScript is an Object based language
contains property and methods
• The characteristics of an Object are called
as Property, the actions are called as
methods.
• An Object is an instance of a class
Example of an object is a Person

Whenever an object is created in JavaScript, its corresponding functions are loaded into memory.
So, a new copy of the function is created on each object creation.
Classes
Class
• Is a blueprint of an Object
• From class we can create object instances
• One class can have many objects
• Class is a template while Object are instances of
the class
• Creating an object instance from a class is
called as instantiation
• When creating the object, an instance
is instantiated from the class.
How can we create Objects
Object can be created by three ways in JavaScript:
• Object Literal
• Object Constructor - create many objects for same class
• Object.create() method - Create instance of Object
Object creation using Object Literal
• Syntax:
object={property1:value1, property2:value2 .....propertyN:valueN}
• property and value is separated by : (colon).
• Example:
<script>
emp={id:102,name:"Shyam Kumar",salary:40000}
document.write(emp.id+" "+emp.name+" "+emp.salary);
</script>

• Output
102 Shyam Kumar 40000
Object creation using Object.create() method
• Syntax:
var objectname=new Object();
• New keyword is used to create object.
• Example:
<script>
var emp=new Object();
emp.id=101;
emp.name="Ravi Malik";
emp.salary=50000;
document.write(emp.id+" "+emp.name+" "+emp.salary);
</script>
• Output:
101 Ravi 50000
Object creation using Object Constructor
• To create an object using Example:
constructor, create function with <script>
arguments. function emp(id,name,salary){
this.id=id;
• Each argument value can be this.name=name;
assigned in the current object by this.salary=salary;
using this keyword. }
e=new emp(103,"Vimal Jaiswal",30000);
• We use this keyword to refer to the document.write(e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary);
current object. </script>
Output:
103 Vimal Jaiswal 30000
Defining method in JavaScript Object
<script>
function emp(id,name,salary){
this.id=id;
this.name=name;
this.salary=salary;
this.changeSalary=changeSalary;
function changeSalary(otherSalary){
this.salary=otherSalary; }
}
e=new emp(103,"Sonoo Jaiswal",30000);
document.write(e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary); Output:
103 Sonoo Jaiswal 30000
e.changeSalary(45000); 103 Sonoo Jaiswal 45000
document.write("<br>"+e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary);
</script>
Prototype
• JavaScript is a prototype based language
• In JavaScript object acquire properties and features from another object.
• Each object contains a prototype object.
• Whenever a function is created the prototype property is added to that function automatically
• It holds Constructor property
Syntax:
ClassName.prototype.methodName
Here, all the objects share the same function. This ignores the requirement of creating a new
copy of function for each object. Thus, the functions are loaded once into the memory and use it
multiple times
Prototype Example
<script>
function Employee(firstName,lastName)
{
this.firstName=firstName;
this.lastName=lastName;
}
Employee.prototype.fullName=function()
{
return this.firstName+" "+this.lastName;
}
var employee1=new Employee("Martin","Roy");
var employee2=new Employee("Duke", "William"); Output:
document.writeln(employee1.fullName()+"<br>"); Martin Roy
document.writeln(employee2.fullName()); Duke William
</script>
Constructor
• Constructor method is a special method Example:
which is used to initialize and create an <script>
object. class Employee {
• It is called when memory is allocated for constructor() {
an object. this.id=101;
• The constructor keyword is used to this.name = "Martin Roy";
declare a constructor method. }
}
• The class can contain one constructor
method only. var emp = new Employee();
document.writeln(emp.id+" "+emp.name);
• JavaScript allows us to use parent class
</script>
constructor through super keyword.
Output:
101 Martin Roy
Constructor – Super Keyword
The super keyword is used to call the parent class constructor. Let's see an example.
<script>
class CompanyName
{
constructor()
{
this.company=“Verzeo";
}
}
class Employee extends CompanyName {
constructor(id,name) {
super();
this.id=id;
this.name=name;
}
} Output:
var emp = new Employee(1,"John"); 1 John Verzeo
document.writeln(emp.id+" "+emp.name+" "+emp.company);
</script>
Inheritance
• When a object or a class inherits the property of
another object.
• The object which inherits the property from
another object is called as child object
• Use extends keyword to inherit
• Inheritance helps in code Reuse
• JavaScript Object inherits Object i.e. certain
features (property and methods)
• Maintains an IS-A relationship.
Example of Inheritance
<script>
class Bike
{
constructor()
{
this.company="Honda";
}
}
class Vehicle extends Bike {
constructor(name,price) {
super();
this.name=name;
this.price=price;
}
}
var v = new Vehicle("Shine","70000");
document.writeln(v.company+" "+v.name+" "+v.price);
</script>
<script>
class Student

Encapsulation {
constructor()
{
• The process of wrapping property and var name;
var marks;
function within a single unit }
getName()
• Use var keyword to make data members {
private. return this.name;
}
setName(name)
• Use setter methods to set the data and getter {
methods to get that data. this.name=name;
}
getMarks()
{
return this.marks;
}
setMarks(marks)
{
this.marks=marks;
}
}
var stud=new Student();
stud.setName("John");
stud.setMarks(80);
document.writeln(stud.getName()+" "+stud.getMarks());
</script>
Polymorphism
• Polymorphism allows to perform a single Example:
action in different formats
<script>
• We can call the same method on different class A
JavaScript objects {
display()
{
document.writeln("A is invoked");
}
}
class B extends A
{
}
var b=new B();
b.display();
</script>

Output:
A is invoked
Questions?

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