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Earth Science 12
Lesson 3: The three main
Categories of rocks

Name of Student
MISSION
To train and teach Christian Young People with an
excellent, eclectic and Bible-Integrated pre-school,

VISION
To be a model of excellence in Biblical Christian Education.

Train up a child in the way he should go and

when he is old, he will not go and depart
from it.

-Proverbs 22:6

Lesso The Three main categories of rocks

n
Specific Learning Objectives

Pre-Assessment
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper or in your
notebook.

1. You will expect to find this type of rock by a volcano

a. igneous only
b. sedimentary only
c. metamorphic only
d. any rock type

2. How does igneous rock turn into sediments?

a. heat and pressure
b. Minerals
c. weathering and erosion
d. liquefaction

3. Being a plutonic igneous rock also means a rock having this kind of characteristic
a. Coarse-grained
b. Foliated
c. Medium-grained
d. Fine-grained

4. Being a volcanic igneous rock also means a rock having this kind of characteristic
a. Coarse-grained
b. Foliated
c. Medium-grained
d. Fine-grained

5. Metamorphic rocks are classified primarily according to:

a. Texture- the presence or absence of foliation
b. Chemical composition
c. Environment of deposition
d. Hardness

6. Which of the following rocks are formed from preexisting rocks exposed to extreme heat and pressure
in the Earth’s interior?
a. Igneous
b. Sedimentary
c. Plutonic
d. Metamorphic

7. What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?

a. Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b. Bits of sand and gravel from layers that turn into rock from pressure
c. Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks
d. Magma trapped under the Earth’s surface cools and solidifies

8. Choose one word below that describes mud, sand and tiny bits of rocks that cement together to form a
type of rock.
a. stalactites
b. magmas
c. metamorphs
d. sediments

9. Based on the concept of the rock cycle, what type of rock can turn into a metamorphic rock?
a. igneous only
b. sedimentary only
c. metamorphic only
d. any rock type

10. How can a metamorphic rock transform into an extrusive igneous rock?
a. When it melts and then cools on the Earth’s surface
b. When it melts and then cools inside the Earth’s interior
c. When it undergoes weathering and erosion
d. When it disintegrates into smaller pieces

11. Which if the following statements is correct?

a. slow cooling forms small crystals
b. Metamorphic rocks solidify to form igneous rocks
c. Compacting and sedimentation change igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks
d. Magma that crystallizes at the surface is called volcanic rock.

12. The main feature that commonly describes an igneous rock is ________.
a. it is foliated
b. it is layered
c. it contains fossil
d. it has no fossils and foliation

13. Which of the following rocks is a mafic extrusive igneous rock?

a. Peridotite
b. Syenite
c. Basalt
d. Granite

14. Arrange the following processes that form a sedimentary rock.

I. A preexisting rock becomes sediments
II. Sediments are cemented
III. Sediments are compacted
IV. A preexisting rock undergoes weathering and erosion
 a. I, II, III, IV
b. IV,III, I, II
c. IV, I, III, II
d. I, IV, II, III

15. How can an igneous rock become a metamorphic rock?

a. When it undergoes weathering and erosion
b. When it melts and forms magma
c. When it disintegrates into smaller pieces
d. When it is subjected to high temperature and pressure

LET’S TRY THIS!!!

Title: CLASSIFYING ROCKS
Direction:
1. Obtain at least 5 rock samples from your teacher or within the vicinity of your house. Label
each rock as to sample number 1 and so on depending on the number of samples given.
2. Do a physical inspection on the rocks and take note of the physical features.
3. Use the table below in classifying your rock samples into igneous, sedimentary or
metamorphic.
4. Prepare a three columned table for your answer. The first column would be for rock sample
number, the second column is for observable features and the last column is for the rock
classification.
ROCK TYPE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Main feature Observable features The rocks is probably:

Layers are flat and soft or

crumbly

Layers are made of mud, sand or

The rock has layering

gravel

Layers are made of crystals,

which are about the same size in
all layers

Layers are made of crystals,

which are different sizes in
different layers

Layers are folded or otherwise

deformed

Looks like dry clay or mud

Looks glassy dense and hard like

window glass

Very soft, easily scratched with

fingernail
 are present in the
No visible grains

rock.

Contains fossils (whole or

fragmented leaves, stems, shells,
footprints)
Contains fossils (The fossils are
so deformed that they are barely
recognizable
Grains are mostly sand, silt or
Visible grains are present in the rock

gravel
Contains rounded grains (like
pebbles)
Contains grains that are
fragments of other rocks
Crystals are randomly oriented
in very hard rock
Large crystals sit in a very hard
mass
Crystals can be easily scratched
and or broken apart.
Crystals are flat giving the rock
a layered or scaly appearance
Long crystals are foliated, lay
parallel to one another
Crystals are all about same
size
Crystals have different sizes
and occur in layers
Rock looks metallic and scaly
or smooth
Rock is vesicular, has bubble
The rock has additional features

shaped holes/ cavities

Rock is very hard and has
ropy, streamlined flow
structures

FIRM -UP
TITLE: WHO AM I??
 Direction: To check your understanding on the three classifications of rocks, write
the appropriate rock type to the given description below:

IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC

1. I sometimes look frothy; I have bubbles in my body.

2. My body is glassy
3. I have layers not just on my belly but everywhere in my body
4. I have large crystals all over me making my body so hard.
5. I have treasured crystals in me but they often leave my body
6. I am flaw less because of my metallic and smooth body
7. I have a rough body because of sand grains embedded on my body
8. I cannot take too much stress cause by heat and pressure, when I experience it, I
better transform to another version of me.
9. I am used in experiencing tortures like grinding and tearing which makes me split
into tiny parts.
10. When an acid hits my body, I cannot take it but react freely.

DEEPEN

FIRM- UP
Development of the Atonic theory

1. From the historical background of the atomic theory, why were the Greek philosopher
considered sages during their time?

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2. Cite the logical bases of the propositions on the composition of matter of five Greek
Philosophers.

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“God will never leave your side. Don’t be afraid, be strong and don’t be discourage”

Joshua 1: 9

Prepared by:

Melerose F. Dela Serna

Science Teacher

For further inquiries, please feel free to contact me at

09075080831