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990 Escalano Vs People

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REMEDIAL LAW; SUPREME COURT NOT A TRIER OF FACTS; EXCEPTION

Question: Well settled is the rule that the Supreme Court is not a trier of facts. The
function of the Court in petitions for review on certiorari is limited to reviewing errors of
law that may have been committed by the lower courts. What are the exception to these
rules?
Answer: The exceptions to this rule are:
(1) the conclusion is grounded on speculations, surmises or conjectures;
(2) the inference is manifestly mistaken, absurd or impossible;
(3) there is grave abuse of discretion;
(4) the judgment is based on misapprehension of facts;
(5) the findings of fact are conflicting;
(6) there is no citation of specific evidence on which the factual findings are based;
(7) the findings of absence of facts are contradicted by the presence of evidence on
record;
(8) the findings of the Court of Appeals are contrary to those of the trial court;
(9) the Court of Appeals manifestly overlooked certain relevant and undisputed facts
that, if properly considered, would justify a different conclusion;
(10) the findings of the Court of Appeals are beyond the issues of the case; and
(11) such findings are contrary to the admissions of both parties.

Question: Is the act of shouting invectives against a child constitute child abuse which
must debase, degrade or demean the intrinsic worth and dignity of a child as a human
being in violation of the provisions of R.A. No. 7610?
Answer: No. Petitioner had no intention to debase the intrinsic worth and dignity of the
child. It was rather an act carelessly done out of anger. The crime committed is other
light threats, wherein the wrong threatened does not amount to a crime and there is no
condition. The circumstances surrounding the incident proved that petitioner's act of
uttering invectives against the minors AAA, BBB, and CCC was done in the heat of
anger. Petitioner was merely trying to make private complainants stop throwing ketchup
sachets at her. However, instead of doing so, private complainants still continued to
throw ketchup sachets against petitioner, which infuriated the latter causing her to utter
invectives against private complainants. (Escalano vs People, G. R. No. 226991,
December 10, 2018, Gesmundo, J.)

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