DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

FACULTY OF SCIENCE
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
Semester II 2014/2015

SSCE 1793 Differential Equations Test 1 (15%)

Instruction: Answer all questions. Time: 1 hour 15 minutes.

———————————————————————————————————

1. Show that the following differential equation is a homogeneous equation.

Hence, find its solution.
dy x2 + y 2 − xy
= .
dx x2
(6 marks)

2. Solve the initial value problem

dy
t3 + 4t2 y = e−t , y(−1) = 1.
dt
(6 marks)

3. Given the differential equation

ex (x + 1)y 2 dx + 2xex y m dy = 0
where m is a constant. Determine the value of m for which the equation is
exact, and hence, solve the above differential equation.
(7 marks)

4. Consider the differential equation

y "" + 4y = f (x).
(a) If f (x) = 0, find the solution to the above differential equation.
(2 marks)
−2x
(b) If f (x) = sin x cos x + e , determine the particular integral, yp for the
above differential equation. Do not solve the equation.
(2 marks)

5. Find the solution for the following boundary value problem using method
of undetermined coefficients.
y "" + 3y " = 2x, y(0) = y(3) = 0.
(7 marks)
 SSCE
1793

LISTS OF FORMULAE

Trigonometric Hiperbolic

cos2 x + sin2 x = 1 ex − e−x

sinh x =
1 + tan2 x = sec2 x 2
ex + e−x
cot2 x + 1 = cosec2 x cosh x =
2
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x cosh2 x − sinh2 x = 1
cos 2x = cos2 x − sin2 x 1 − tanh2 x = sech2 x
= 2 cos2 x − 1 coth2 x − 1 = cosech2 x
2
= 1 − 2 sin x sinh 2x = 2 sinh x cosh x
2 tan x
tan 2x = cosh 2x = cosh2 x + sinh2 x
1 − tan2 x
sin(x ± y) = sin x cos y ± cos x sin y = 2 cosh2 x − 1

cos(x ± y) = cos x cos y ∓ sin x sin y = 1 + 2 sinh2 x

tan x ± tan y 2 tanh x
tan(x ± y) = tanh 2x =
1 ∓ tan x tan y 1 + tanh2 x
2 sin x cos y = sin(x + y) + sin(x − y) sinh(x ± y) = sinh x cosh y ± cosh x sinh y
2 sin x sin y = − cos(x + y) + cos(x − y) cosh(x ± y) = cosh x cosh y ± sinh x sinh y
2 cos x cos y = cos(x + y) + cos(x − y) tanh x ± tanh y
tanh(x ± y) =
1 ± tanh x tanh y

Logarithm Inverse Hiperbolic

√
ax = ex ln a sinh−1 x = ln(x + x2 + 1), −∞ < x < ∞
logb x √
loga x = cosh−1 x = ln(x + x2 − 1), x ≥ 1
logb a ! "
−1 1 1+x
tanh x = ln , −1 < x < 1
2 1−x

1
 SSCE
1793

Differentiations Integrations
#
d
[k] = 0, k constant kdx = kx + C
dx
#
d n xn+1
[x ] = nxn−1 xn dx = + C, n &= −1
dx n+1
#
d 1 dx
[ln |x|] = = ln |x| + C
dx x x
#
d
[cos x] = − sin x sin x dx = − cos x + C
dx
#
d
[sin x] = cos x cos x dx = sin x + C
dx
#
d
[tan x] = sec2 x sec2 x dx = tan x + C
dx
#
d
[cot x] = −cosec2 x cosec2 x dx = − cot x + C
dx
#
d
[sec x] = sec x tan x sec x tan x dx = sec x + C
dx
#
d
[cosec x] = −cosec x cot x cosec x cot x dx = −cosec x + C
dx
#
d x
[e ] = ex ex dx = ex + C
dx
#
d
[cosh x] = sinh x sinh x dx = cosh x + C
dx
#
d
[sinh x] = cosh x cosh x dx = sinh x + C
dx
#
d
[tanh x] = sech2 x sech2 x dx = tanh x + C
dx
#
d
[coth x] = −cosech2 x cosech2 x dx = − coth x + C
dx
#
d
[sech x] = −sech x tanh x sech x tanh x dx = −sech x + C
dx
#
d
[cosech x] = −cosech x coth x cosech x coth x dx = −cosech x + C
dx
#
d
ln | sec x + tan x| = sec x sec x dx = ln | sec x + tan x| + C
dx
#
d
ln |cosec x + cot x| = −cosec x cosec x dx = − ln |cosec x + cot x| + C
dx

2
 SSCE
1793

Differentiations of Integrations Resulting

Inverse Functions in Inverse Functions
# $x%
d 1 du dx
[sin−1 u] = √ · , |u| < 1. √ = sin−1 + C.
dx 1 − u2 dx a2 − x2 a
d −1 du # $x%
[cos−1 u] = √ · , |u| < 1. dx 1
dx 1 − u dx
2 = tan−1 + C.
a2 +x 2 a a
d 1 du
[tan−1 u] = · . # $x%
dx 2
1 + u dx dx 1
√ = sec−1 + C.
d −1 du |x| x2 − a2 a a
[cot−1 u] = · .
dx 1 + u2 dx # $x%
dx
d 1 du √ = sinh−1 + C, a > 0.
[sec−1 u] = √ · , |u| > 1. x2 + a2 a
dx |u| u − 1 dx
2
#
dx $x%
d −1 du √ = cosh−1 + C, x > 0.
[cosec−1 u] = √ · , |u| > 1. x2 − a2 a
dx |u| u − 1 dx
2
#
d 1 du dx
[sinh−1 u] = √ · a2 − x2
dx u2 + 1 dx  1 $ %
 −1 x
d 1 du  tanh + C, |x| < a,
[cosh−1 u] = √ · , |u| > 1. a a
dx u − 1 dx
2 = $ %

 1 coth−1 x + C,
d 1 du |x| > a.
[tanh−1 u] = · , |u| < 1. a a
dx 1 − u2 dx #
dx 1 $x%
d 1 du √ = − sech−1 + C,
[coth−1 u] = · , |u| > 1. x a2 − x2 a a
dx 1 − u2 dx 0 < x < a.
d −1 du
[sech−1 u] = √ · , 0 < u < 1. # *x*
dx u 1 − u dx
2 dx 1 * *
√ = − cosech−1 * * + C,
d −1 du 2
x a +x 2 a a
[cosech−1 u] = √ · , u &= 0. 0 < x < a.
dx |u| 1 + u dx
2