ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODE

(ECBC)

Presented By:-
ECBC CELL
 INTRODUCTION
 Under the section 15 of Energy Conservation Act 2001, state government is supposed to issue Energy Conservation
Building Code (ECBC) and enforce it for efficient use of energy and its conservation. The State Governments have to
designate State Designated Agencies in consultation with the Bureau of Energy Efficiency to coordinate, regulate and
enforce the provisions of the Act in the State.
 UPNEDA has been designated as the State Designated Agencies for promotion of energy efficiency and its
conservation in the state.
 The building sector represents about 33% of electricity consumption in India, with commercial sector and
residential sector accounting for 8% and 25% respectively
 The purpose of Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) is to provide minimum requirements for energy-efficient
design and construction of buildings and their systems. ECBC Code defines norms and standards for the energy
performance of buildings and their components based on the climate zone in which they are located.
 A project on energy efficiency improvements in commercial buildings has been initiated under the UNDP-GEF-BEE
programme.
 This project would assist in the implementation and operationalization of the ECBC through a comprehensive and
integrated approach with the focus on Capacity Building Scheme through ECBC Cell of UPSDA.
CLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA

Identifies 5 climate zones in India and

suggests different Compliance for
different zones

• Hot – Dry

• Warm – Humid

• Composite

• Temperate

• Cold
STATUS OF ADOPTION OF ECBC IN STATES:

Status of Activities States/UTs

Notification Issued Rajasthan, Odisha, Uttrakhand, Punjab,

Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and UT of
Puducherry

Amended ECBC to suit Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Chhattisgarh,

their local and regional Gujarat, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Haryana,
climatic condition Maharashtra and West Bengal

In process of Himachal Pradesh, Assam, Tripura,

amendment Mizoram, Jharkhand, Goa and Madhya
Pradesh
BUILDINGS CRITERIA IN ECBC

The Code is applicable to buildings or building complexes that have-

 a connected load of 100 kW or greater

 a contract demand of 120 kVA or greater.

 having conditioned area of 500 m2 or more.

ECBC: TYPES OF BUILDING COVERED

 Large Commercial Buildings

 Office Buildings
 Large Amenity Buildings
 IT Parks
 Government Buildings
 Hospitals
 Retail Malls
 Hotels
 Major Residential Buildings
APPLICABLE BUILDING SYSTEMS

The provisions of the Code apply to:

 Building envelopes, except for unconditioned storage spaces or warehouses

 Mechanical systems and equipment, including heating, ventilating, and air

conditioning (HVAC)

 Service hot water heating

 Interior and exterior lighting

 Electrical power and motors

METHODS OF ECBC COMPLIANCE & IMPLEMENTATION

 Whole building performance method

 Prescriptive method

 Tradeoff method
WHOLE BUILDING PERFORMANCE METHOD

 Requires energy simulation of proposed building, in simulation program as specified

 Annual energy use calculated in kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity use per year
 Allows use of any combination of specifications related to envelope and equipment
 Accepts only hourly simulation i.e. 8760 hours(365 days)
Predicted Annual energy use of Proposed Design < energy use in Standard Design
(Standard design = as per Prescriptive Approach)

Documentation Required:
 Annual energy use for the Proposed Design & Standard Design
 List of energy-related building features in Proposed Design different from Standard
 Input and output report from the simulation program
 Explanation of any error messages
OVERVIEW OF ECBC MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
ENVELOPE HVAC SHW&P LIGHTING ELEC. POWER

Fenestration Natural Solar Water Lighting Transformers

Ventilation Heating Control
Opaque Energy Efficient
Construction Minimum Equipment Exit Signs Motors
Equipment Efficiency
Building Efficiencies Exterior Power Factor
Envelop Supplementary Water Building Correction
Sealing Controls Heating System Grounds
Lighting Check Metering
Piping And Piping Insulation & Monitoring
Ductwork
Heat Traps Power
System Balancing Distribution
Swimming Pools Systems
Condensers
ENVELOPE -MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
FENESTRATION – including OPAQUE CONSTRUCTION – BUILDING ENVELOPE
sash & frame walls & roofs SEALING
 U-FACTOR  U-FACTOR Air leakage minimized by sealing joints /
Take rated in accordance with ISO 15099 by From table or follow ASHRAE openings in envelope / doors / windows
lab. Fundamentals 2005.
For unrated products from table

 SHGC (solar heat gain coefficient)

Take rated in accordance with ISO 15099 by
lab.
 AIR LEAKAGE
Max 5.0 l/s m2 for glazed swinging entrance
doors & revolving doors.
Max 2.0 l/s m2 for other fenestration & doors
HVAC -MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
NATURAL MINIMUM EQUIPMENT CONTROLS
VENTILATION EFFICIENCES
As per guidelines in NBC 2005. Chillers COP & Integrated Part-Load Value > in table.  TIME CLOCK
- Part 8, 5.4.3(design guidelines for Miscellaneous equipment should follow ASHRAE 90.1 -Time clock for starts-stops for 3 different
natural ventilation) and – 2004 6.4.1 day types per week,
-5.7.1(energy conservation in -Retain settings at least 10 hours during
ventilation system) power loss,
-2 hours manual override
Exceptions cooling system < 28KW(8 tons)
and heating system < 7KW(2 tons)

Unitary Air Conditioner should meet IS 1391 (Part 1),  TEMPERATURE CONTROL
- Split air conditioner should meet IS 1391 (Part 2), If heating & cooling from same system –
- Packaged air conditioner should meet IS 8148, controls with dead band of 3°C
- Boilers should meet IS 13980 with above 75% If separate heating & cooling – thermostats
thermal efficiency. interlocked.
 CONTROLS FOR COOLING
TOWERS & CLOSED CIRCUIT
FLUID COOLERS
Control speed of motor on cooling tower fan
with two speed motors / pony motors /
variable speed drives.
HVAC -MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
PIPING AND DUCTWORK SYSTEM BALANCING CONDENSERS
Construction documents should show HVAC
systems are balanced w.r.t. engineering standards

 PIPING  AIR SYSTEM BALANCING  CONDENSER LOCATIONS

Piping insulation to meet minimum R- Airflow rates adjusted to minimize throttling located such:
value of insulation as per table. losses. -no restriction to air flow around condenser
Exposed insulation protected by Fan speed to meet design flow conditions, coils,
aluminum sheet metal/ painted canvas / manually / automatically (for fans > 0.75kW / 1 hp) -no short-circuiting of discharge air to intake
plastic cover. side and
 DUCTWORK -heat discharge of adjacent equipment not
Ductwork insulation as per table. near air intake of condenser.

 HYDRONIC SYSTEM BALANCING  TREATED WATER FOR

Water flow rates adjusted to 1st minimize CONDENSERS
throttling losses & then pump speed to meet Soft water for condensers & chilled water
design flow conditions, manually / automatically systems in all high-rises with centralized
Exceptions – Impellers need not to be trimmed if cooling water system.
(a)Pump motor < 7.5kW (10hp)
(b)if throttling less than 5% hp draw or 2.2
KW(3hp),whichever is greater.
SHW&P -MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
SOLAR WATER EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCY SUPPLEMENTARY PIPING
HEATING WATER HEATING INSULATION
SYSTEM
For at least 1/5th design SHW equipment should > min. as per IS. Maximum heat recovery from Storage tanks, pipeline
capacity for residential, hotel, Solar water heater min. efficiency level IS condensers of ac units, insulation to meet
hospital with centralized 13129 Part (1&2), -Use of gas fired heaters where gas minimum R-value
system. - Gas Instantaneous Water heaters minimum available, insulation as per HVAC.
Exception – System using efficiency level IS 15558 - above 80% -electric heater as last resort
heat recovery for at least 1/5th thermal efficiency,
design capacity - Electric water heater minimum efficiency
level IS 2082

HEAT TRAPS SWIMMING POOLS COMPLIANCE

DOCUMENTATION
Provide on inlet & outlet Heated pools to have vapour retardant Approval application must show
piping serving storage water pool cover; calculations for:
heaters and storage tanks. pools heated > 32C minimum insulation 20% heating to be met from solar
R-2.1(R-12). heat/heat recovery and
Exception – pools using 60% from site not more than 80% of heat shall be
recovered energy / solar energy met from electrical heating;
If gas available not more than 20%
met from electrical heating.
LIGHTING -MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
LIGHTING CONTROL LIGHTING CONTROL EXIT SIGNS EXTERIOR BUILDING
GROUNDS LIGHTING
 AUTOMATIC LIGHTING  EXTERIOR LIGHTING Internally- Minimum efficacy of lamp 60
SHUTOFF CONTROL illuminated exit lm/W for exterior lights which
Automatic control device for Interior Exterior applications to have photo- signs < 5W per face operate at > 100 W;
lighting > 500 sqm; sensor or astronomical time switch to except for motion sensor /
Occupancy sensors for ceiling ht. turn off exemption.
partition area < 30 sqm  ADDITIONAL CONTROL
Areas as specified. Independent control device for:
Exception – lighting designed for 24hr Display/Accent Lighting
use Case Lighting
 SPACE CONTROL Hotel and Motel Guest Room Lighting
At least 1 control device to Task Lighting
independently control lighting in spaces Nonvisual Lighting
with ceiling-height partition as per Demonstration Lighting
details.
 CONTROL IN DAYLIGHTED
AREAS
Manual / automatic control device in
daylight areas > 25 sqm
ELECTRICAL POWER-MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
TRANSFORMERS ENERGY POWER CHECK- POWER
EFFICIENT FACTOR METERING DISTRIBUTION
MOTORS CORRECTION AND SYSTEMS
MONITORING
 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE All polyphase motors as Maintain between Building’s Distribution losses not
POWER TRANSFORMER specified to have 0.95 and 1 at point of performance should to exceed 1% of the
LOSSES minimum acceptable connection be measured, total power usage.
Minimum acceptable efficiency at 50% nominal full load motor (for electricity supply Permanently
& full load as per table. efficiency not less than IS exceeding 100 A, 3 installed electrical
Select to minimize initial cost + present 12615, phase) metering with
cost of total energy lost during life. -for energy efficient different recording
 MEASUREMENT AND motors comply with list. requirements as per
REPORTING OF kVA ranges.
TRANSFORMER LOSSES
Calibrated digital meters should be
used to measure loss.
Class current transformers (CTs) and
potential transformers (PTs) for
transformer of capacity of 500 kVA and
above
PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD
Prescriptive method specifies prescribed minimum energy efficiency parameters for various
components and systems of the proposed building.
These components and systems include building envelope, HVAC systems, service hot water
heating and pumping, lighting systems, and electric power. Compliance with the code by this
method can be achieved by meeting or exceeding these specific parameters given in the tabular
form.
Example-
OVERVIEW OF ECBC PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS
ENVELOPE HVAC LIGHTING

 Roofs  Prescriptive As Per Specs  Building Area Method OR

Given OR ASHRAE Space Function Method
 Opaque Walls 90.1-2004
 Installed Interior
 Vertical Fenestration  Economizers Lighting Power

 Skylights  Variable Flow  Exterior Lighting

Hydronic Systems Power
 OR TRADE-OFF
OPTION
ENVELOPE -PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS
VERTICAL FENESTRATION SKY LIGHTS OPAQUE ROOFS
(also on slope >60°) slope <60° WALLS

 WWR ; U-FACTOR & SHGC Max u-factor & max  U-FACTOR /  U-FACTOR / R-VALUE
WWR max 60%. SHGC from table R-VALUE U-factor < max OR R-Value > min from
U-Factor & SHGC must meet max u-factor & max U-factor < max OR table based on building type & climate
shgc based on climate zone, from table. R-Value > min from zone. Should not be located on suspended
For unrated use default from table. table based on ceiling with removable ceiling panels.
 OVERHANGS – SHGC AFFECTED building type &  COOL ROOFS
Adjusted SHGC calculated as SHGC unshaded x climate zone. Roof with slope < 200 should have
Multiplication Factor (from projection factor) for Minimum Solar reflectance 0.70 &
each orientation. Exemptions SHGC if; 2.2m Minimum Emittance 0.75, in accordance
above floor level & total effective aperture above with ASTM E903-96 & ASTM E408-
1m, less than 0.25 AND interior light shelf 71(RA 1996) respectively.
 VISUAL LIGHT TRANSMITTANCE
Minimum VLT from table
BUILDING ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF APPROACH

Trade-offs typically occur within major building systems – roofs, walls, fenestration,
overhangs etc.

Trade-offs are permitted only between building envelope components

The trade-off option requires more calculations to be performed by the user than prescriptive
path.

It is necessary to calculate the surface area of each exterior and semi-exterior surface; all
areas must be calculated separately for each orientation

Trade-off Option requires an Envelope Performance Factor (EPF) to be determined

BENEFITS OF BUILDING ENERGY CODES
Reduce energy consumption;
Reduce CO2 emissions;
Lower costs through energy savings;
Accelerate deployment of energy-efficient technologies

IMPACT OF ECBC COMPLIANCE

 Market Development for Energy Efficient products.
 Building Insulation
 High Efficient windows
 High efficiency HVAC system
 Improved Design Practices
 Lighting And Day Lighting
 Natural Ventilation/Free Cooling System
 Improved Building Performance
 Lower HVAC load
 Lesser addition of power generation capacity
RECOMMENDATIONS & CONCLUSIONS

ECBC compliant building is expected to use about 39% less energy than the
national benchmark(110 kWh/m2/year compared with 180 kWh/m2/year).
ECBC compliant buildings can achieve about 50% energy saving over the
baseline design with initial cost increase of 10% to 15% and payback period of 5
to 7 years.
ECBC compliance for existing building may be done through Retrofitting. Energy
can be save up to 20%.
BEE estimates that annual electricity savings of approximately 1.7 billion kWh if
ECBC requirements has been compliance with nationwide during the year.
CASE STUDY-UPERC BUILDING

Project : UPERC Office Building, Lucknow

Location : Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow

Total Project Area : 5288 sqm

Number of buildings and Single building

designation:
Type of building : Office Building

Climate : Composite

Occupancy 5 Days a week, Daytime occupancy

HEAT GAIN ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION:
MISC
We noticed that the maximum heat gain was through LIGHTS 3%
5%
wall and roof, so we had to propose changes to the ROOF
building envelope to reduce heat gain PEOPLE
14%

through building materials and for better efficiency 14%

WALL
12%
and energy savings.
VENTILATION GLASS
28% 9%

BUILDING MATERIALS U VALUE IN W/sqm. K INFILTRATION

15%
COMPONENT
Wall 230mm Brick Wall 1.9
Glazing ET 150 5, SC-0.58
Roof 150 mm RCC Roof 2
Component Option 1: As-is case Option 2 Option 3
Wall 1. Outside plaster 15 mm 1. Outside plaster 15 mm 1. Outside plaster 15 mm
2. External AAC wall 200 mm 2. External Fly Ash wall 230 mm 2. External Clay Brick wall 230 mm + 100mm
3. Inside Cement Plaster 12mm 3. Inside plaster 12 mm cavity +230 mm clay brick wall
3. Inside plaster 12 mm
4. XPS Insulation 50 mm 4. XPS Insulation 100 mm
Roof Landscaped terrace 1. RCC roof Slab
1. RCC roof Slab 125 mm 1. RCC Slab 2. PCC 40mm (1:2:4)
2. PUF Insulation 50mm thick 2. PCC 75 mm 3. 50mm screed
3. Suitable water proofing membrane 3. Water Proofing sheet 4. Tile 20mm
4. Screed Plaster 40mm 4. Gravel 100 mm
5. Internal Ceiling Plaster 6mm 5. Geo fabric membrane
6. Sweet Soil
Glass SKN 744II Planitherm - Mint Green (PLT TG) Planilux Envision 765II, Planilux (Clear Glass)

HVAC VRV system for the entire building Radiant cooling with Chilled Beams for the Chilled Water System
entire building
Lighting All LED lights, Occupancy Sensors for All LED lights, Occupancy Sensors for Corridor All LED lights, Occupancy Sensors for
Corridor & office area, Daylight Controls & office area, Daylight Controls for regularly Corridor & office area, Daylight Controls for
for regularly occupied day lighted area occupied day lighted area regularly occupied day lighted area

Renewables 70 kW Solar Photovoltaic (About 713.6 70 kW Solar Photovoltaic (About 713.6 sqm 70 kW Solar Photovoltaic (About 713.6 sqm
sqm considered for installation of PV cells) considered for installation of PV cells) considered for installation of PV cells)

EPI 67.7 kWh/m2/year 81.9 kWh/m2/year 90.7 kWh/m2/year

Savings 51% 41.5% 35.1%

COST ANALYSIS
Component Base Case OPTION 1 OPTION 2 OPTION 3
1.AAC Wall 200 mm 1.Fly Ash Wall 230 mm
2.XPS Insulation 50 mm 2.XPS Insulation 50 mm
AAC FLY ASH
Volume = 640 cu m Volume = 640 cu m
Rate = Rs 6386.95/ cu m Rate = Rs 5697.25 / cu m
230mm Brick Wall 230mm Brick Wall + air
Cost = 40,87,648 Rs Cost = 36,46,240 Rs gap + 230mm Brick Wall Volume =
Volume = 640 cu m
[Ref : DSR 2014 6.32.1 [Ref : DSR 2014 6.38] XPS 1280 cum
Rate = Rs 5667.55/ cu m
XPS Area = 2469.4 sqm Rate = Rs 11335.1/ cu m
WALL Cost = 36,27,232 Rs
Area = 2469.4 sqm Rate = 480 sqm Cost = 72,54,464 Rs
[Ref : DSR 2014 6.4.1]
Rate = 480 sqm Cost = 11,85,312 [ Ref : DSR 2014 6.4.1 ]
Cost = 11,85,312 [Ref : Market Rates]
[Ref : Market Rates]
150 RCC Roof PUF 150 RCC Roof + 20mm Tile
ROOF No insulation Area = 713 sqm 150 RCC Roof + Terrace garden Area = 2469.4 sqm
Rate = 508 Rs/sqm Cost = 3,62,204 No Insulation Rate = 300 Rs/sqm
[Ref : Market Rates] Cost = 7,40,820 Rs
ET 150 SKN 744II PLT TG ENVISION 765
Area = 375 sqm, Rate = 1300 Rs/sqm Area = 375, sqm Rate = 3100 Rs/sqm Area = 375, sqm Rate = 2500 Rs/sqm Area = 375 sqm, Rate = 3100 Rs/sqm
GLASS Cost = 4,87,500 Cost = 11,62,500 Cost = 9,37,500 Cost = 11,62,500

VRV System VRV System Radiant Cooling System Chilled Water System
Tonnage = 112 TR Tonnage = 112 TR Tonnage = 100 TR Tonnage = 100 TR
Rate = 65,000 Rs/TR Rate = 65,000 Rs/TR Rate = 1,20,000 Rs/TR Rate = 1,05,000 Rs/TR
HVAC
Cost = 72,80,000 Rs [Ref : CPWD Cost = 72,80,000 Rs Cost = 1,20,00,000 Rs Cost = 1,05,00,000 Rs
Plinth Area, E & M] [Ref : CPWD Plinth Area, E & M]
 Lighting Cost 18,56,000 Rs 30,44,600 Rs 30,44,600 Rs 30,44,600 Rs

Area = 71 sqm Area = 71 sqm Area = 71 sqm

PV Cells 0 Rate = Rs 125,000/ sqm Rate = Rs 125,000/ sqm Rate = Rs 125,000/ sqm
Cost Cost = 88,75,000 Cost = 88,75,000 Cost = 88,75,000
Cost Of Rate = 4447 Rs/ Unit Rate = 4447 Rs/ Unit Rate = 4447 Rs/ Unit
Occupancy 0 Cost = 25* 4447 = 1,11,175 Rs Cost = 25* 4447 = 1,11,175 Rs Cost = 25* 4447 = 1,11,175 Rs
Sensors [Ref : DSR 2014] [Ref : DSR 2014] [Ref : DSR 2014]
OVERALL 956.25 x 10^3 KWH/Yr 557.02 x 10^3 KWH/Yr 594.7 x 10^3 KWH/Yr 620.3 x 10^3 KWH/Yr
ENERGY (9,56,250 units) (5,57,020 units) (5,94,700 units) (6,20,300 units)
Overall Cost 1,32,50,732 Rs 2,61,08,439 Rs 2,97,99,827 Rs 3,16,88,559 Rs
Extra Cost 0 1,28,57,707 Rs 1,65,49,095 Rs 1,84,37,827 Rs
Incurred
Saved 0 27,94,610 Rs 25,30,850 Rs 21,34,650 Rs

Energy Savings (KWH/Yr) Money on Electricity bill Extra Cost

OPTIONS Payback Time
saved Each Yr Incurred
(Years)
(Rs) (Rs)

PAYBACK PERIOD
Option 1 399.23 x 10^3 27,94,610 1,28,57,707 4.6

Option 2
361.55 x 10^3 25,30,850 1,65,49,095 6.5

Option 3
335.95 x 10^3 21,34,650 1,84,37,827 8.6