Neoclassical economics is an approach taught in undergraduate courses that emphasizes individuals and firms maximizing objectives through price competition. However, it fails to consider other types of competition and ignores other important economic aspects like advertising and business organization structures.
Neoclassical economics is an approach taught in undergraduate courses that emphasizes individuals and firms maximizing objectives through price competition. However, it fails to consider other types of competition and ignores other important economic aspects like advertising and business organization structures.
Neoclassical economics is an approach taught in undergraduate courses that emphasizes individuals and firms maximizing objectives through price competition. However, it fails to consider other types of competition and ignores other important economic aspects like advertising and business organization structures.
Neoclassical economics is an approach taught in undergraduate courses that emphasizes individuals and firms maximizing objectives through price competition. However, it fails to consider other types of competition and ignores other important economic aspects like advertising and business organization structures.
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Neoclassical economics
The preceding portrait of microeconomics and macroeconomics is characteristic of the elementary
orthodox economics offered in undergraduate courses in the West, often under the heading “neoclassical economics.” Given its name by Veblen at the turn of the 20th century, this approach emphasizes the way in which firms and individuals maximize their objectives. Only at the graduate level do students encounter the many important economic problems and aspects of economic behaviour that are not caught in the neoclassical net. For example, economics is, first and foremost, the study of competition, but neoclassical economics focuses almost exclusively on one kind of competition—price competition. This focus fails to consider other competitive approaches, such as quantity competition (evidenced by discount stores, such as the American merchandising giant Wal-Mart, that use economies of scale to pass cost savings onto consumers) and quality competition (seen in product innovations and other forms of nonprice competition such as convenient location, better servicing, and faster deliveries). Advertising also plays an important role in the process of competition—in fact, it may be more significant than the competitive strategies of raising or lowering prices, yet standard neoclassical economics has little to say about advertising. The neoclassical approach also tends to ignore the complex nature of business enterprises and the organizational structures that guide effective production. In short, neoclassical economics makes important points about pricing and competition, but in its strictest definition it is not equipped to deal with the varied economic problems of the modern world.