OpenStack Overview

Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Foreword
 This course brings the most popular open-source cloud operating system - OpenStack into our
teaching. The goals of this course are for participants to gain an understanding of the basic
concepts, working mechanism, principles, and techniques of OpenStack as well as hands-on
experience in designing, deploying, operating, and trouble-shooting real systems.
 This course covers OpenStack Overview, Dashboard Management, Identity Management, Image
Management, Compute Management, Storage Management, Network Management,
Orchestration Management, Troubleshooting, and Huawei OpenStack Enhanced Commercial
Solutions.

Page 1 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Objectives
 Upon successful completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Understand the concepts and architecture of OpenStack.
 Distinguish the functions of OpenStack core services.
 Illustrate the interaction between OpenStack services.
 Master how to set up the OpenStack training lab environment.
 Obtain hands-on experiences on OpenStack

Page 2 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Contents
1. OpenStack Introduction

2. OpenStack Architecture

3. Introduction to OpenStack Core Services

4. Interaction Between OpenStack Services

5. OpenStack Hands-on Exercises: Experiencing OpenStack

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 What Is OpenStack?
OpenStack is an open-
source cloud operating
system that controls large
pools of compute, storage,
and network resources
throughout a data center.

Resources can be
configured and managed
through dashboards and
CLIs, or via the OpenStack
APIs.

Source: www.openstack.org

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 OpenStack, Cloud Computing and Virtualization
 What is the relationship between OpenStack and cloud computing? What is the
relationship between OpenStack and virtualization?

Cloud
computing

OpenStack

Virtualization

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 OpenStack Is Not Cloud Computing
 OpenStack is only a key component of cloud computing:
 Kernel, backbone, framework, and bus

 To build cloud computing, we need more components:

Cloud Console

Cloud Services Cloud BSS

Cloud Platform Cloud

OSS
OpenStack

Resources Pool 1 Resources Pool 2 ... Resources Pool n

Hardware and DC infrastructure

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 OpenStack Is Not Virtualization
 Architecture positioning and technical scope of OpenStack:
 OpenStack functions as only the control plane of a system.
 OpenStack does not contain the components of the system data plane, such as, hypervisors and storage
and network devices.

 Key differences between OpenStack and Virtualization:

OpenStack Virtualization
• Does not provide virtualization technologies.
• Uses multiple technologies to manage resource
pools.
VS • Supports environment isolation and resource
reuse.
• Reduces isolation loss and improves running
• Provides unified management APIs for external efficiency.
communications. • Provides advanced virtualization features.

Virtualization is one of the underlying technologies of OpenStack, but is

not a core concern of OpenStack.

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 OpenStack Design

Openness Flexibility Scalability

• Reuse existing open-source projects. • Do not use any irreplaceable • Include multiple independent
• Don not reinvent the wheel. components that are private or projects.
commercial. • Use multiple independent
• Design and implement functions components in each project.
using plug-in architectures. • Use non-center architectures.
• Use stateless architectures.

 Apache 2.0 License

 About 70% of the code (core logic) is written in Python.

Page 8 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 OpenStack Historical Versions
 OpenStack releases two major versions each year, usually in April and October. The versions are
named from A to Z.

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019-04-10

Austin Cactus Essex Grizzly Icehouse Kilo Mitaka Ocata Queens Stein

Bexar Diablo Folsom Havana Juno Liberty Newton Pike Rocky Train
2011 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019-10-16

 This course uses the Train version as an example in the lab environment.

Page 9 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Contents
1. OpenStack Introduction

2. OpenStack Architecture

3. Introduction to OpenStack Core Services

4. Interaction Between OpenStack Services

5. OpenStack Hands-on Exercises: Experiencing OpenStack

Page 10 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 OpenStack Architecture

Source: www.openstack.org

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 OpenStack Production Environment
Deployment Architecture
Deployment Host Infrastructure Control Plane Host Compute Host Storage Host
Infrastructure Control Plane Host Compute Host Storage Host
Ansible Infrastructure Control Plane Host Compute Host
Compute Block Storage
Storage Host
MariaDB RabbitMQ
Hypervisor
Compute Volumes
Block Storage
MariaDB RabbitMQ
Hypervisor
Compute Volumes
Block Storage
OpenStack-Ansible MariaDB RabbitMQ
Memcached Dashboard Network
Hypervisor Volumes
Repository
Memcached Dashboard L2/L3 Agents
Network
Memcached Dashboard L2/L3 Agents
Network
Identity Image
Identity Image L2/L3 Agents
Identity Image
Compute Bare Metal
Management
Compute Management
Bare Metal
Management
Compute Management
Bare Metal
Management Management
Block Storage
Orchestration
Management
Block Storage
Orchestration
Management
Block Storage
Orchestration
Management
Network Network
Management
Network L2/L3 Agents
Network Infrastructure Service
Management
Network L2/L3 Agents
Network
Management L2/L3 Agents
OpenStack Service

Page 12 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Contents
1. OpenStack Introduction

2. OpenStack Architecture

3. Introduction to OpenStack Core Services

4. Interaction Between OpenStack Services

5. OpenStack Hands-on Exercises: Experiencing OpenStack

Page 13 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Identity Service: Keystone

KEYSTONE
Identity service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Essex" release

About Keystone
Keystone provides identity authentication, service discovery, and distributed multi-
tenant authorization.
It supports LDAP, OAuth, OpenID Connect, SAML, and SQL.

Depends on
Keystone does not depend on other OpenStack services and provides
these OpenStack services with authentication support.

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 Dashboard: Horizon

HORIZON
Dashboard
First appeared in the OpenStack "Essex" release

About Horizon
Horizon provides a web-based interface for cloud administrators and users to manage
OpenStack resources and services.

Depends on

Keystone

Page 15 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Image Service: Glance

GLANCE
Image service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Bexar" release

About Glance
Glance enables users to discover, register, and retrieve VM images.
VM instance images made through Glance can be stored in a variety of locations, such as
local file systems, Swift object storage systems, and Cinder block storage systems.

Depends on

Keystone

Page 16 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Compute Service: Nova

NOVA
Compute service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Austin" release

About Nova
Nova provides massively scalable, on-demand, and self-service access to compute
resources, including bare metals, virtual machines, and containers.

Depends on

Keystone Neutron Glance

Page 17 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Block Storage Service: Cinder

CINDER
Block storage service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Folsom" release

About Cinder
Cinder is a block storage service that provides VM instances with persistent storage.
Cinder invokes different storage interface drivers to convert storage devices into block
storage pools, providing end users with self-service APIs to request and consume those
resources without requiring any knowledge of where their storage is actually deployed or
on what type of device.
Depends on

Keystone
Page 18 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Object Storage Service: Swift
SWIFT
Object storage service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Austin" release

About Swift
Swift is a highly available, distributed, and eventually consistent object storage service.
It can be used to store large amounts of data efficiently, safely, and cost-effectively.
Swift is ideal for storing unstructured data that can grow without bound.

Depends on
Provides object storage services for other OpenStack services.

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 Network Service: Neutron

NEUTRON
Network service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Folsom" release

About Neutron
Neutron manages virtual network components and focuses on delivering
networking-as-a-service (NaaS) for OpenStack.

Depends on

Keystone

Page 20 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Orchestration Service: Heat

HEAT
Orchestration service
First appeared in the OpenStack "Havana" release

About Heat
Heat orchestrates the OpenStack infrastructure resources for cloud applications.
It provides both OpenStack-native RESTful APIs and CloudFormation-compatible APIs.

Depends on

Keystone

Page 21 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Contents
1. OpenStack Introduction

2. OpenStack Architecture

3. Introduction to OpenStack Core Services

4. Interaction Between OpenStack Services

5. OpenStack Hands-on Exercises: Experiencing OpenStack

Page 22 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 What Resources are Required for Creating a VM?

CPU
Compute

Memory

Storage

Hard
disk

Network
Linux PC NIC
VM
Linux Image
ISO

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 Service Interaction for Creating a VM
Heat
Orchestrates the cloud
Horizon Provides UI for

Provides
network
Neutron

VM
Provides Provides images
volumes

Provisions
Stores
Cinder Nova Glance images in
Swift

Provides authentication for

Keystone
Backs up volumes in

Page 24 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Understanding Service Interaction using
Real-World Scenarios
 Understand how OpenStack services interact with each other using examples in our daily life:

Hotel
 Note: Take the hotel check-in as an example:
check-in
 What links are involved in hotel check-in? What
is correlated with each link?
 What provides the dashboard (Horizon)?
 Which link needs to be certified (Keystone)?
Online
Other... Examples
shopping  Which is similar to the block storage (Cinder)?
 Which is similar to the network (Neutron)?
 ...
Huawei
Certified ICT
Professional
(HCIP)
examination

Page 25 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Contents
1. OpenStack Introduction

2. OpenStack Architecture

3. Introduction to OpenStack Core Services

4. Interaction Between OpenStack Services

5. OpenStack Hands-on Exercises: Experiencing OpenStack

Page 26 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Quiz
1. What are the main functions of OpenStack?

2. What are the major OpenStack services? What are the functions of each service?

Page 27 Copyright © 2019 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thank You
www.huawei.com