Hit the problem-spot,

leave the rest untouched

Absolute Selectivity
1 ABOUT US

Larsen & Toubro is a technology-driven

company that infuses engineering with
Switchgear Factory, Navi Mumbai imagination. The Company offers a wide
range of advanced solutions in the field of
Engineering, Construction, Electrical &
Automation, Machinery and Information
Technology.

L&T Switchgear, a part of the Electrical &

Automation business, is India's largest
manufacturer of low voltage switchgear,
with the scale, sophistication and range to
meet global benchmarks. With over seven
decades of experience in this field, the
Company today enjoys a leadership
position in the Indian market with a
growing international presence.

Switchgear Factory, Ahmednagar It offers a complete range of products

including powergear, controlgear,
industrial automation, building electricals
& automation, power quality solutions,
energy meters, and protective relays. These
products conform to Indian and
International Standards.

Switchgear Factory, Vadodara

 TECHNICAL BRIEF 2

'SELECTIVITY' IN AN ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

In an electrical power distribution system, loads are connected to the power source via multiple
protection schemes which consist of switching and protective devices. The safety of the electrical system
completely relies on the performance of protection devices.

The reliability of protection scheme depends upon the co-ordination among the protection devices.
In any well co-ordinated protection scheme it is normally desired that:

The fault should be cleared immediately on its occurrence by a protective device closest to the
location of fault

Only the faulty section of electrical system should get isolated

On the occurrence of fault, the healthy feeder should not get isolated and continuity of electrical
supply must be ensured

Total safety to user and electrical installation must be ensured

The system should be stressed least and outage / power interruption is kept to a minimum level

The term 'co-ordination' includes consideration of selectivity as well as consideration of back-up

protection (as per Annex A, IEC 60947-2 : 2006).

The term 'Selectivity' (popularly known as 'discrimination') implies co-ordination of the operating
characteristics of two or more over-current protective devices such that, on the incidence of over-currents
within stated limits, the device intended to operate within these limits does so, while other(s) does (do)
not.

In simple terms, in case of over-current fault, only the nearest protective device should trip, to isolate the
faulty part of the system, without affecting the supply to the healthy part of the system, and upstream
device should not trip.

SELECTIVITY BETWEEN SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES (SCPD)

OVERLOAD FAULTS:
For achieving proper co-ordination under over-load faults, the SCPDs must be selected such that, the
time-current characteristics of the upstream protection device should lie above the time-current
characteristics of downstream protection device. In other terms, the trip characteristic of downstream
protection device should be faster than that of upstream protection device. Care should be taken while
doing the over current setting of the protection device as the time-current characteristic is a function of
over current setting.
3 TECHNICAL BRIEF

SHORT-CIRCUIT FAULTS:
Selectivity under short-circuit condition can be achieved by three means:

1) Current Based Selectivity

2) Time Based Selectivity
3) Energy Based Selectivity

1) CURRENT BASED SELECTIVITY

The current selectivity is result of the difference between the magnetic thresholds (instantaneous trip
setting) of the successive circuit breakers (SCPDs). Current selectivity can be achieved for all faults lower
than the instantaneous trip setting of the upstream circuit breaker.

2) TIME BASED SELECTIVITY

In time selectivity, a definite time delay is set in the sensing of protection release of the upstream circuit
breaker. Hence all the faults will be cleared by the downstream circuit breaker as the upstream circuit
breaker will wait till the set delay time. In case the downstream device fails to clear the fault, then
upstream circuit breaker will trip and clear the fault providing back-up protection. The time delay setting
can be progressively increased in the circuit breakers as it gets closer to the supply source and if used
along with ZSI, popularly used in ACB, electrodynamic stress can be minimized.

The Time selectivity is most effective and foolproof method of selectivity for all fault levels.

3) ENERGY BASED SELECTIVITY

In energy selectivity, the upstream device and downstream device operate based on the fault energy seen
by the units during the short circuit faults. The selectivity is achieved based on the quantum of arc energy
seen and the amount of energy required to operate the device. An ideal example of energy selectivity is
HRC fuses, where to achieve total selectivity, pre-arcing energy of upstream fuse should be sufficiently
higher than the operating energy of the downstream fuse.

All of the above means for achieving total selectivity have their own advantages and limitations. It is ideal
to have time selectivity between upstream and downstream device to achieve failsafe selectivity. However
selection of means to achieve selectivity completely depends upon the Power system network and design
parameters.

In order to achieve the prime objectives of continuous availability of energy & safety of system & various
devices like ACB, MCCB & MCB, will require higher sizing of devices and higher insulation grades of cables
making solution expensive. A judicious selection of upstream and downstream devices can also be done
with partial selectivity which can take care of practical faults at different points of the installation. This can
help the user to optimize the size and cost of the installation while safeguarding the system against
dangerous conditions like short circuit faults.
 TECHNICAL DATASHEET 4

MCCBS FOR TOTAL SELECTIVITY

The current limiting MCCBs are designed to clear the short circuit faults in minimum time so as to limit
the electrodynamic stresses on the electrical system. On the contrary the same current limiting MCCBs
should withstand short circuit fault current to achieve total selectivity. To resolve this challenge, dsine
MCCBs offer a solution with a microprocessor release having an optimized time delay. These
microprocessor MCCBs will not trip till the full fault level of downstream MCCBs, however if the down
stream MCCB fails to clear the fault, this MCCB will trip & clear the fault.

Frame 250 A 630 A

Type DN2-250T DN3-630T
Current Range (A) 40, 63,100,160,250 63, 160, 250, 400, 630
Poles 3/4 3/4
Impulse withstand voltage (kV) 8 kV 8 kV
Rated Operational Voltage (V) 415V 415V
Rated Insulation Voltage (V) 800V 800V
Utilisation Category Cat A Cat A

IEC 60947-2, EN 60947-2, IEC 60947-2, EN 60947-2,

Standard
IS/IEC 60947-2 IS/IEC 60947-2
Rated Ultimate Short Circuit Breaking Capacity (Icu) @415V 36kA 50kA
Rated Service Short Circuit Breaking Capacity (Ics) @415V 36kA 50kA
Mechanical 25000 15000
Life span
Electrical @1.0 In 10000 4000
Type of Release MTX2.0 MTX2.0
Operating Frequency (Hz) 50 or 60 50 or 60
Finger-proof Terminals Yes Yes
Ambient Temperature 40 deg C / 55 deg C 40 deg C / 55 deg C
Storage Temperature 35 deg to 70 deg C 35 deg to 70 deg C

Mounting Positions Vertical and 90 degrees in Vertical and 90 degrees in

both directions both directions
3-Pole 105 x 96 x 179 140 x 111.5 x 266
Dimensions (W*D*H)
4-Pole 140 x 96 x 179 183.5 x 111.5 x 266
Weight (kg) (3/4 Pole) 2.5/3.3 7/8.5
Auxiliary Contact 1 C/O or 2 C/O 1 C/O or 2 C/O
A Trip Alarm Contact 1 C/O 1 C/O
C Auxiliary & Trip Alarm Contact 1 C/O + 1 C/O 1 C/O + 1 C/O
INTERNAL
C 110-415 V AC 50Hz, 110-415 V AC 50Hz,
Shunt Release
E 110/220V DC, 24V DC$ 110/220V DC, 24V DC$
S Under Voltage Release 240 V AC 50 Hz 240 V AC 50 Hz
S Rotary Operating Mechanism ü ü
O Electrical Operating Mechanism ü ü
R Mechanical Interlock ü ü
I EXTERNAL Spreader Links ü ü
E Neutral CT with Adaptor Kit ü ü
S Current Metering Module ü ü
Key lock/ Pad Lock ü ü

Note:
†
$ 'NO' of control contactor to be connected in series for 220V DC, 24V DC.
†
Any two internal accessories can be mounted at a time.
†
Characteristic curves for o/l settings & short circuit settings are same as DN2-250 & DN3-630 frames. Please contact sales office
for ordering information.
†
Dimensional details are same as DN2-250 & DN3-630 frames.
5 SELECTIVITY CHARTS

Upstream device : ACBs Downstream device : ACBs

Upstream ACB UW1 UW2 UW3

50kA 65kA 80kA 65kA 80kA 80kA 100kA
MTX MTX MTX
800 800 800 2500 2500 4000 4000
1000 100 100 3200 3200 5000 5000
1250 1250 1250 6300 6300
1600 1600 1600
Downstream Breaking
ACB Capacity Trip Unit In (A) 2000 2000
2500 2500
800 T T T T T T T

50kA 1000 T T T T T T T
1250 T T T T T T T
1600 T T T T T T T
800 - T T T T T T
1000 - T T T T T T

65kA 1250 - T T T T T T
1600 - T T T T T T
UW1 MTX
2000 - T T T T T T
2500 - T T T T T T
800 - - T - T T T
1000 - - T - T T T
1250 - - T - T T T
80kA
1600 - - T - T T T
2000 - - T - T T T
2500 - - T - T T T
2500 - - - T T T T
65kA
3200 - - - T T T T
UW2 MTX
2500 - - - - T T T
80kA
3200 - - - - T T T
4000 - - - - - T T

80kA 5000 - - - - - T T
6300 - - - - - T T
UW3 MTX
4000 - - - - - - T
100kA 5000 - - - - - - T
6300 - - - - - - T

T Total selectivity, upto the short-circuit breaking capacity of downstream device

- Not applicable

MTX MATRIX micro-processor based trip unit

Note:
†
The 'Current' and 'Time' setting of upstream device should be kept such that the Time-Current characteristic of upstream device
should not intersect with Time-Current characteristic of downstream device.
†
Rating of upstream device (In) has to be equal or higher than the rating of downstream device (In).
 SELECTIVITY CHARTS 6

Upstream device : ACBs Downstream device : MCCBs

Upstream ACB UW1 UW2 UW3

50kA 65kA 80kA 65kA 80kA 80kA 100kA
MTX MTX MTX
800 800 800 2500 2500 4000 4000
1000 100 100 3200 3200 5000 5000
1250 1250 1250 6300 6300
1600 1600 1600
Downstream Breaking
MCCB Capacity Trip Unit In (A) 2000 2000
2500 2500
25kA TM 100
£ T T T T T T T
DN0-100
36kA TM 100
£ T T T T T T T

25kA TM 250
£ T T T T T T T
DN1-250
50kA TM 250
£ T T T T T T T

36kA T T T T T T T

DN2-250 50kA TM / MTX 250

£ T T T T T T T

70kA - T* T T* T T T

DN2-250T 36kA MTX 250

£ T T T T T T T

DN3B-400 36kA TM 400

£ T T T T T T T

36kA T T T T T T T

DN3-400 50kA TM / MTX 400

£ T T T T T T T

70kA - T* T T* T T T

36kA T T T T T T T

DN3-630 50kA TM / MTX 630

£ T T T T T T T

70kA - T* T T* T T T

DN3-630T 50kA MTX 630

£ T T T T T T T

50kA T T T T T T T
DN4-1250 MTX 1250
£
70kA - T* T T* T T T

T Total selectivity, upto the short-circuit breaking capacity of downstream MCCB

- Not applicable

TM Thermo-Magnetic trip unit

MTX MATRIX micro-processor based trip unit

Note:
†
The Short Time Setting (STS) DN3-630T & DN2-250T MCCB has to be kept at 'INST'.
†
The 'Current' and 'Time' setting of upstream device should be kept such that the Time-Current characteristic of upstream device should
not intersect with Time-Current characteristic of downstream device.
†
*Selectivity up to 65kA.
7 SELECTIVITY CHARTS

Upstream device : MCCBs Downstream device : MCCBs

Upstream MCCB DN2-250T DN3-630T

36kA 50kA
MTX MTX
Downstream Breaking
MCCB Capacity Trip Unit In (A) 40 63 100 160 250 63 160 250 400 630

20 T T T T T T T T T T

25 T T T T T T T T T T

32 - T T T T T T T T T

40 - T T T T T T T T T
DN0-100 25kA TM
50 - - T T T - T T T T

63 - - T T T - T T T T

80 - - - T T - T T T T

100 - - - T T - T T T T

125 - - - - T - - T T T

160 - - - - T - - T T T
DN1-250 25kA TM
200 - - - - - - - - T T

250 - - - - - - - - T T

20 T T T T T T T T T T

25 T T T T T T T T T T

32 - T T T T T T T T T

40 - T T T T T T T T T
DN0-100 36kA TM
50 - - T T T - T T T T

63 - - T T T - T T T T

80 - - - T T - T T T T

100 - - - T T - T T T T

63 - - T T T - T T T T

80 - - - T T - T T T T

100 - - - T T - T T T T

TM 125 - - - - T - - T T T

160 - - - - T - - T T T

200 - - - - - - - - T T
DN2-250 36kA
250 - - - - - - - - T T

40 - T T T T T T T T T

63 - - T T T - T T T T

MTX 100 - - - T T - T T T T

160 - - - - T - - T T T

250 - - - - - - - - T T
 SELECTIVITY CHARTS 8

Upstream device : MCCBs Downstream device : MCCBs

Upstream MCCB DN2-250T DN3-630T

36kA 50kA
MTX MTX
Downstream Breaking
MCCB Capacity Trip Unit In (A) 40 63 100 160 250 63 160 250 400 630

40 - - - - - T T T T T

63 - - - - - - T T T T

DN2-250T 36kA MTX 100 - - - - - - T T T T

160 - - - - - - - T T T

250 - - - - - - - - T T

320 - - - - - - - - - T
DN3B-400 36kA TM
400 - - - - - - - - - T

320 - - - - - - - - - T
TM
DN3-400 36kA 400 - - - - - - - - - T

MTX 400 - - - - - - - - - T

125 - - - - - - - T T T

160 - - - - - - - T T T
DN1-250 50kA TM
200 - - - - - - - - T T

250 - - - - - - - - T T

63 - - - - - - T T T T

80 - - - - - - T T T T

100 - - - - - - T T T T

TM 125 - - - - - - - T T T

160 - - - - - - - T T T

200 - - - - - - - - T T
DN2-250 50kA
250 - - - - - - - - T T

40 - - - - - T T T T T

63 - - - - - - T T T T

MTX 100 - - - - - - T T T T

160 - - - - - - - T T T

250 - - - - - - - - T T

320 - - - - - - - - - T
TM
DN3-400 50kA 400 - - - - - - - - - T

MTX 400 - - - - - - - - - T

T Total Selectivity, upto the short-circuit breaking capacity of downstream MCCB

- Not applicable

TM Thermo-Magnetic trip unit

MTX MATRIX micro-processor based trip unit

Note:
†
The Short Time Setting (STS) DN2-250T & DN3-630T MCCB has to be kept at 'INST'.
†
The 'Current' and 'Time' setting of upstream device should be kept such that the Time-Current characteristic of upstream device
should not intersect with Time-Current characteristic of downstream device.
†
DN2-250T to be used on downstream side only if there is any MCCB below DN2-250T.
Notes:
Notes:
 Electrical Standard Products (ESP) Offices:

HEAD OFFICE Khairasol, Degaul Avenue L&T Business Park,

L&T Business Park, Durgapur 713 212 Tower 'B' / 5th Floor
Tower 'B' / 3rd Floor Tel: 0343-2540448 / 2540449 / 2540443 Saki Vihar Road, Powai
Saki Vihar Road, Powai Fax: 0343-2540442 Mumbai 400 072
Mumbai 400 072 e-mail: esp-dgp@LNTEBG.com Tel: 022-67052874 / 2737 / 1156
Tel: 022-67053229 Fax: 022-67051112
Fax: 022-67051112 5, Milanpur Road, Bamuni Maidan e-mail: esp-bom@LNTEBG.com
e-mail: cic@LNTEBG.com Guwahati 781 021
Tel: +91 8876554410 / 8876554417 12, Shivaji Nagar
BRANCH OFFICES Fax: 361-2551308 North Ambajhari Road
501, Sakar Complex I e-mail: esp-ghy@LNTEBG.com Nagpur 440 010
Opp. Gandhigram Rly. Station Tel: 0712-2260012 / 6606421
Ashram Road II Floor, Vasantha Chambers Fax: 2260030 / 6606434
Ahmedabad 380 009
5-10-173, Fateh Maidan Road e-mail: esp-nag@LNTEBG.com
Tel: 079-66304006-11
Hyderabad 500 004
Fax: 079-66304025
e-mail: esp-ahm@LNTEBG.com Tel: 040-67015052 32, Shivaji Marg
Fax: 040-23296468 P. O. Box 6223
38, Cubbon Road, P. O. Box 5098 e-mail: esp-hyd@LNTEBG.com New Delhi 110 015
Bengaluru 560 001 Tel: 011-41419514 / 5 / 6
Tel: 080-25020100 / 25020324 Monarch Building, 1st Floor Fax: 011-41419600
Fax: 080-25580525 D-236 & 237, Amrapali Marg e-mail: esp-del@LNTEBG.com
e-mail: esp-blr@LNTEBG.com Vaishali Nagar
Jaipur 302 021 L&T House
131/1, Zone II Tel: 0141-4385914 to 18 P. O. Box 119
Maharana Pratap Nagar Fax: 0141-4385925 191/1, Dhole Patil Road
Bhopal 462 011 e-mail: esp-jai@LNTEBG.com Pune 411 001
Tel: 0755-3080511 / 05 / 08 / 13 / 17 / 19 Tel: 020-66033395 / 66033279
Fax: 0755-3080502 Akashdeep Plaza, 2nd Floor Fax: 020-26164048 / 26164910
e-mail: esp-bho@LNTEBG.com P. O. Golmuri e-mail: esp-pnq@LNTEBG.com
Jamshedpur 831 003
Plot No. 559, Annapurna Complex Jharkhand Crystal Tower,
Lewis Road Tel: 0657-2312205 / 38 4th Floor, G. E. Road
Bhubaneswar 751 014 Fax: 0657-2341250 Telibandha
Tel: 0674-6451342 / 2436690 / 2436696 e-mail: esp-jam@LNTEBG.com Raipur - 492 006
Fax: 0674-2537309 Tel: 0771-4283214
e-mail: esp-bsr@LNTEBG.com Skybright Bldg; M. G. Road e-mail: esp-raipur@LNTEBG.com
Ravipuram Junction, Ernakulam
Aspire Towers, 4th Floor Kochi 682 016 3rd Floor
Plot No. 55, Phase-I Tel: 0484-4409420 / 4 / 5 / 7 Vishwakarma Chambers
Industrial & Business Park Fax: 0484-4409426 Majura Gate, Ring Road
Chandigarh-160 002
e-mail: esp-cok@LNTEBG.com Surat 395 002
Tel: 0172-4646840 / 41 / 42 / 46 / 53
Fax: 0172-4646802 Tel: 0261-2473726
Email: esp-chd@Lntebg.com 3-B, Shakespeare Sarani Fax: 0261-2477078
Kolkata 700 071 e-mail: esp-sur@LNTEBG.com
L&T Construction Campus Tel: 033-42005982
TC-1 Building, II Floor Fax: 033-22821025 / 7587 Radhadaya Complex
Mount-Poonamallee Road e-mail: esp-ccu@LNTEBG.com Old Padra Road
Manapakkam Near Charotar Society
Chennai 600 089 A28, Indira Nagar, Faizabad Road Vadodara 390 007
Tel: 044-2270 6800 Lucknow 226 016 Tel: 0265-6613610 / 1 / 2
Fax: 044-22706940 Tel: 0522-4929905 / 04 Fax: 0265-2336184
e-mail: esp-maa1@LNTEBG.com Fax: 0522-2311671 e-mail: esp-bar@LNTEBG.com
e-mail: esp-Lko@LNTEBG.com
67, Appuswamy Road Door No. 49-38-14/3/2, 1st floor,
Post Bag 7156 No: 73, Karpaga Nagar, 8th Street NGGO's Colony, Akkayyapalem,
Opp. Nirmala College K. Pudur Visakhapatnam - 530 016
Coimbatore 641 045 Madurai 625 007 Tel: 0891-2791126 / 2711125
Tel: 0422-2588120 / 1 / 5 Tel: 0452-2537404 / 2521068 Fax: 0891-2791100
Fax: 0422-2588148 Fax: 0452-2537552 Email: esp-viz@LNTEBG.com
e-mail: esp-cbe@LNTEBG.com e-mail: esp-mdu@LNTEBG.com

Product improvement is a continuous process. For the latest information and special applications, please contact any of our offices listed here.

Larsen & Toubro Limited, Electrical Standard Products

Powai Campus, Mumbai 400 072

Customer Interaction Center (CIC)

BSNL / MTNL (toll free) : 1800 233 5858 Reliance (toll free) : 1800 200 5858
Tel : 022 6774 5858, Fax : 022 6774 5859
E-mail : cic@Lntebg.com / Website www.Lntebg.com

Registered Office: L&T House, N. M. Marg, Ballard Estate, Mumbai 400 001, INDIA CIN: L99999MH1946PLC004768

SP 50758 201015