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Alstom KBCH 120 PDF
Alstom KBCH 120 PDF
Service Manual
R8530D
To be read in conjunction with Publication R6530
GEC ALSTHOM T&D PROTECTION & CONTROL LIMITED, St Leonards Works, Stafford ST17 4LX, England
Tel: 01785 223251 Telex: 36240 Fax: 01785 212232
Service Manual
Type KBCH 120, 130, 140
Transformer Differential Protection Relay
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 D
CONTENTS
Chapter 1
Technical Description
Issue C
Chapter 2
Issue C
Chapter 3
Commissioning Instructions
Issue B
Chapter 4
Issue B
Chapter 1
Technical Description
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Contents
Page 1 of 4
CONTENTS
1.
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2.
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.2.7
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.14.1
2.14.2
2.14.3
2.14.4
2.14.5
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
7
7
7
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.6
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
Auxiliary supply
Opto-isolated control inputs
Analogue inputs
Output relays
Alternative trip arrangements
DC shunt trip
AC no-volt trip
Serial communication port (K-BUS)
14
15
15
16
16
16
17
17
17
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Contents
Page 2 of 4
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
USER INTERFACE
Front plate layout
LED indications
Keypad
Liquid crystal display
20
20
20
21
21
5.
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.1.8
5.1.9
5.1.10
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.2.6
5.2.7
5.2.8
5.2.9
5.2.10
5.2.11
5.2.12
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
5.3.6
MENU SYSTEM
Menu contents
System data
Fault records
Measurements(1)
Settings(1)
Settings(2)
Logic functions
Input masks
Relay masks
Recorder
Test/Control
Changing text and settings
Entering passwords
Changing passwords
Entering text
Changing function links
Changing setting values
Setting communication address
Setting control input masks
Setting relay output masks
Resetting values and records
Resetting TRIP LED indication
Alarm records
Default display (lcd)
Disturbance recorders
Recorder control
Recorder capture
Recorder post trigger
Recorder logic trigger
Recorder relay trigger
Notes on recorded times
21
22
23
25
25
26
28
29
30
30
30
30
31
31
31
32
32
32
32
33
33
33
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
35
6.
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
SELECTIVE LOGIC
Biased differential trip logic
Differential high set trip logic
Restricted earth fault Trip logic
Overflux trip logic
Auxiliary timers
Change of setting group control
Remote change of setting group
Local control of setting group
Manual tap changer control
Trip test facility
Trip and flag logic
Flag display format
36
37
38
39
39
40
41
42
42
42
42
43
44
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Contents
Page 3 of 4
7.
7.1
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.2.5
7.3
7.4
CONFIGURATION
Basic configuration factory settings
Initial factory applied settings
Initial protection settings
Initial control settings
Initial time delay settings
Initial allocation of opto-isolated control inputs
Initial allocation of output relays
Configuring for application
Selecting options
45
45
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
47
8.
8.1
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.2
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
8.2.5
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.11
8.12
8.12.1
8.12.2
8.12.3
8.13
8.13.1
8.13.2
8.13.3
8.13.4
8.13.5
8.13.6
8.13.7
8.13.8
8.13.9
8.13.10
8.14
8.14.1
8.14.2
8.14.3
TECHNICAL DATA
Ratings
Inputs
Outputs
Burdens
Bias current circuit
REF current circuit
Voltage circuit
Auxiliary voltage
Opto-isolated inputs
Setting ranges
Transformer configuration
Protection settings
Auxiliary timers
Operating times
Accuracy
Opto-isolated inputs
Contacts
Operation indicator
Communication port
Current transformer requirements
REF requirements
High voltage withstand
Dielectric withstand IEC 255-5: 1977
Impulse IEC 255-5: 1977
Insulation resistance IEC 255-5: 1977
Electrical environmental
DC supply interruptions IEC 255-11: 1979
High frequency disturbance IEC 255-22-1: 1988
Fast transient IEC 255-22-4: 1992 & IEC 801-4: 1988
Electrostatic discharge IEC 255-22-2: 1989 & IEC 801-2: 1991
Conducted emissions EN 55011: 1991
Radiated emissions EN 5501: 1991
Radiated immunity IEC 255-22-3: 1989 & IEC 801-3: 1984
Conducted immunity ENV 50141: 1993 & IEC 801-6
EMC compliance
Power frequency interference
Atmospheric environmental
Temperature IEC 68-2-1: 1990/IEC 68-2-2: 1974
Humidity IEC 68-2-3: 1969
Enclosure protection IEC 529: 1989
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
49
49
49
50
50
51
51
51
51
51
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
53
53
53
53
53
53
54
54
54
54
54
54
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Contents
Page 4 of 4
8.15
8.15.1
8.15.2
8.15.3
8.15.4
8.16
Mechanical environmental
Vibration IEC 255-21-1: 1988
Shock and bump IEC 255-21-2: 1988
Seismic IEC 255-21-3: 1993
Mechanical durability
Model numbers
54
54
54
54
54
55
9.
9.1
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.3
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3
9.3.4
9.3.5
9.4
9.4.1
9.4.2
9.5
9.5.1
9.5.2
9.5.3
9.6
9.6.1
PROBLEM SOLVING
Password lost or not accepted
Protection settings
Settings for protection not displayed
Second setting group not displayed
Function links cannot be changed
Setting cannot be changed
Alarms
Watchdog alarm
Unconfigured or uncalibrated alarm
Setting error alarm
No service alarm
Fault flags will not reset
Records
Problems with event records
Problems with disturbance records
Communications
Measured values do not change
Relay no longer responding
No response to remote control commands
Output relays remain picked-up
Relays remain picked-up when de-selected by link or mask
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
57
57
57
57
57
57
58
58
58
58
59
59
59
10.
10.1
10.1.1
10.1.2
10.1.3
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.2.4
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.2
10.3.3
10.3.4
10.3.5
10.3.6
10.3.7
10.3.8
10.4
MAINTENANCE
Remote testing
Alarms
Measurement accuracy
Trip test
Local testing
Alarms
Measurement accuracy
Trip test
Additional tests
Method of repair
Replacing the user interface board
Replacing the analogue input daughter board
Replacing the main processor board
Replacing the DSP board
Replacing the analogue input board
Replacing output relays and opto-isolators
Replacing the power supply board
Replacing the back plane
Recalibration
59
59
59
59
59
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
61
61
61
61
61
62
62
11.
12.
LOGIC DIAGRAM
CONNECTIONS DIAGRAMS
63
64
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 1.
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 1 of 67
1.1
General considerations
1.1.1
Receipt of relays
Protective relays, although generally of robust construction, require careful
treatment prior to installation on site. Upon receipt, relays should be examined
immediately, to ensure no damage has been sustained in transit. If damage has
been sustained during transit, a claim should be made to the transport contractor,
and a GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control Limited representative should be
promptly notified.
1.1.2
Relays that are supplied unmounted and not intended for immediate installation
should be returned to their protective polythene bags.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
The relays use components that are sensitive to electrostatic discharges. The
electronic circuits are well protected by the metal case and the internal module
should not be withdrawn unnecessarily. When handling the module outside its
case, care should be taken to avoid contact with components and electrical
connections. If removed from the case for storage, the module should be placed in
an electrically conducting antistatic bag.
There are no setting adjustments within the module and it is advised that it is not
unnecessarily disassembled. Although the printed circuit boards are plugged
together, the connectors are a manufacturing aid and not intended for frequent
dismantling; in fact considerable effort may be required to separate them.
Touching the printed circuit board should be avoided, since complementary metal
oxide semiconductors (CMOS) are used, which can be damaged by static
electricity discharged from the body.
1.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 2 of 67
Relay mounting
Relays are dispatched, either individually, or as part of a panel/rack assembly. If
loose relays are to be assembled into a scheme, then construction details can be
found in Publication R7012. If an MMLG test block is to be included it should be
positioned at the right hand side of the assembly (viewed from the front). Modules
should remain protected by their metal case during assembly into a panel or rack.
The design of the relay is such that the fixing holes are accessible without removal
of the cover. For individually mounted relays, an outline diagram is normally
supplied showing the panel cut-outs and hole centres. These dimensions will also
be found in Publication R6530.
1.4
Unpacking
Care must be taken when unpacking and installing the relays so that none of the
parts is damaged, or the settings altered and they must only be handled by skilled
persons. The installation should be clean, dry and reasonably free from dust and
excessive vibration. The site should be well lit to facilitate inspection. Relays that
have been removed from their cases should not be left in situations where they are
exposed to dust or damp. This particularly applies to installations which are being
carried out at the same time as construction work.
1.5
Storage
If relays are not to be installed immediately upon receipt they should be stored in
a place free from dust and moisture in their original cartons. Where de-humidifier
bags have been included in the packing they should be retained. The action of the
de-humidifier crystals will be impaired if the bag has been exposed to ambient
conditions and may be restored by gently heating the bag for about an hour, prior
to replacing it in the carton.
Dust which collects on a carton may, on subsequent unpacking, find its way into
the relay; in damp conditions the carton and packing may become impregnated
with moisture and the de-humidifier will lose its efficiency.
Storage temperature 25C to +70C
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 2.
2.1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 3 of 67
Introduction
The relay types covered by this manual are:KBCH120
KBCH130
KBCH140
The relay is housed in size 8 Midos modular cases and is physically fully
compatible with the existing relays in the range. The Midos system provides
compact construction with a metallic case and integral-mounted screw/push-on
terminal connections on the rear of the housing. The case is suitable for rack or
panel mounting, and makes the relay ideally suited to retrofit applications
The relay contains a number of printed circuit boards as shown in Figure 2-1.
Instructions for removing each pcb are given in Section 10.
Screen plate
Main processor
board
Screen plate
DSP board
Screen plate
Power supply
board
User interface
board
Backplane
board
Analogue input
board
Analogue input
daugther board
Figure 2-1.
Voltage transformer
The relay is fully digital containing two microprocessors, a digital signal processor
(DSP) and a 80C196 which communicate with each other internally. The 80C196
is responsible for the user interface, serial communications and scheme logic. The
DSP is responsible for the protection algorithms. The main functions performed in
each are shown in Figure 2-2.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 4 of 67
Optos
Protection
Status &
Magnitudes
Serial Data
from A/D
Relays
80C19
DSP
LCD Diplay
Settings
Serial Comms
Keypad
Low Set
High Set
Mag Inrush
Overflux Blocking
REF
User Interface
Scheme Logic
Overflux Tripping & Alarm
Aux Time Delays
Signal Conditioning
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 5 of 67
I2
Ihv
Ilv
I1
Ihv = I1 + I2
Figure 2-3. Measurements for mesh corner applications
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.2.7
2.3
2.3.1
Differential current
The differential current, for each phase, is calculated by summing the four
individual bias currents related to that phase.
Fourier
The fundamental frequency magnitude and phase are calculated by a technique
which uses fourier transforms. A single cycle fourier is applied to each of the
sixteen channels, the three differential channels and the nine winding current
channels. Phase angle is not calculated for the three REF channels and the voltage
channel as these are not required for the algorithms. The fouriers are calculated
eight times per cycle.
Frequency tracking
The bias currents and voltage channels are used to determine the system
frequency. This is used to adjust the sample rate to maintain 40 samples per cycle
and also in the overflux protection algorithms.
Biased differential protection function
The relay contains two differential protection algorithms described below. Each
algorithm is applied to each of the three phases independently.
Low set protection function
The biased low set differential element characteristic is shown in Figure 2-4. The
calculated bias current fourier magnitudes are summed to determine the through
bias current. The calculated fourier magnitude of the differential current is also
used in the algorithm. The minimum differential current required for operation is
adjustable between 0.1PU and 0.5PU based on rated current.
Under normal operation steady state magnetising current and the use of tap
changers result in unbalanced conditions and hence differential current. To
accommodate these conditions the initial slope is 20% for bias currents of zero up
to rated current. This ensures sensitivity to faults whilst allowing for up to 15%
mismatch when the power transformer is at the limit of its tap range. At currents
above rated, extra errors may be gradually introduced as a result of CT
saturation. The bias slope is therefore increased to 80% to compensate for this.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 6 of 67
Operate
0%
I1 + I2 + I3 + I4
Restrain
8
1
Setting range
0.1 - 0.5In
pe
slo
able
Allow tio error
ra
20%
lope
20% s
0
A
B
C
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.3.3
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 7 of 67
Overflux blocking
When a load is suddenly disconnected from a power transformer the voltage at
the input terminals of the transformer may rise by 10-20% of rated value causing
an appreciable increase in transformer steady state excitation current. The
resulting excitation current flows in one winding only and hence appears as
differential current which may rise to a value high enough to operate the
differential protection. A typical current waveform is shown in figure 2-6. A
waveform of this type is characterised by the presence of fifth harmonic. A fourier
technique is used to measure the level of fifth harmonic in the differential current.
The ratio of fifth harmonic to fundamental is compared with a setting which if
exceeded inhibits the biased differential protection. Detection of overflux
conditions in any phase blocks that particular phase of the low set algorithm.
2.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.5
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 8 of 67
time (s)
1000
100
K = 63
K = 40
K = 20
10
K=5
K=1
1
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
M=
(V/f)
(V/f) setting
1.4
1.5
1.6
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.6
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 9 of 67
2.7
Output relays
There are eight programmable output relays and these relays can be arranged to
operate in response to any, or all, of the available functions by suitably setting the
OUTPUT MASKS. In addition there is a watchdog relay for external indication of
equipment failure/healthy status.
2.8
2.9
Logic
All the settings for the auxiliary timing functions are located under the LOGIC
heading of the menu.
There are eight auxiliary timers in the relays which may be used as discrete time
delays for external functions. They may be initiated via the opto-isolated control
inputs and their outputs directed to any of the output relays by suitably setting the
associated RELAY MASKS.
2.10
Measurement
All measurement values can be displayed on the front of the relay. The display
consists of up to nine phase current values depending on model and configuration.
The currents displayed are those measured before the effects of phase compensation.
If the primary current transformer ratios are entered in the SETTINGS column the
phase current values will be in primary amperes. The default setting for these ratios
is 1:1; in which case the displayed measured values are then the secondary
quantities as seen by the relay. In the case of mesh corner where two current
transformers are used the displayed currents are the calculated current which is
flowing in the transformer winding. The differential and through bias currents are
displayed in secondary terms.
2.11
Fault records
Fault values are recorded for the last fault but the fault flags are recorded for the last
five faults. They are stored in non-volatile memory and can be accessed via the user
interface. There is provision for clearing these records.
A copy of the fault record is also stored in the event records and up to 50 of these
records can be held at any one time, provided all other events are de-selected.
These records will carry a time tag which is valid for 49 days. However, the event
records will be lost if the relay is de-energized and they can only be accessed via
the serial communication port.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.12
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 10 of 67
Alarm Flags
4
3
2
Indication
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
Unconfig
Uncalib
protection is running
uncalibrated calibration error
Setting
For the above listed alarms the ALARM LED will be continuously lit, the alarm bit
will be set in the STATUS word as a remote alarm and the watchdog relay will
operate. However, there is another form of alarm that causes the ALARM LED to
flash; this indicates that the password has been entered to allow access to change
protected settings within the relay and this is not generally available as a remote
alarm.
Note: No control will be possible via the key pad if the Unconfigured alarm is
raised because the relay will be locked in a non-operate state.
2.13
Password protection
Password protection is only provided for the configuration settings of the relay.
This includes transformer configuration, phase compensation selection, CT ratio
correction, CT ratios, function link settings, opto-input and relay output allocation.
Any accidental change to configuration could seriously affect the ability of the
relay to perform its intended functions, whereas, a setting error may only cause a
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 11 of 67
grading problem. Individual protection settings are protected from change when
the relay cover is in place.
2.14
Serial communication
Serial communications are supported over K-BUS, a multidrop network that readily
interfaces to IEC870-5 FT1.2 Standards. The language and protocol used for
communication is Courier. It has been especially developed to enable generic
Master Station programs to access many different types of relay without continual
modification to the Master Station program. The relays form a distributed data
base for the Master Station and may be polled for any information required. This
includes:
1. Measured values
2. Menu text
3. Settings and setting limits
4. Fault records
5. Event records
2.14.1
6. Disturbance records
7. Status an eight bit word that identifies the trip and alarm state, busy state,
also the presence of event and disturbance records for collection.
Time tagged event records
An event may be a change of state of a control input or an output relay; it may be
a setting that has been changed locally; a protection or control function that has
performed its intended function. A total of 50 events may be stored in a buffer,
each with an associated time tag. This time tag is the value of a timer counter that
is incremented every 1 millisecond.
The event records can only be accessed via the serial communication port when
the relay is connected to a suitable Master Station. When the relay is not
connected to a Master Station the event records can still be extracted within
certain limitations:
the event records can only be read via the serial communication port and a KBUS/IEC870-5 Interface Unit will be required to enable the serial port to be
connected to an IBM or compatible PC. Suitable software will be required to run
on the PC so that the records can be extracted.
when the event buffer becomes full the oldest record is overwritten by the next
event.
records are deleted when the auxiliary supply to the relay is removed, to ensure
that the buffer does not contain invalid data.
the time tag will be valid for 49 days assuming that the auxiliary supply has not
been lost within that time. However, there may be an error of 4.3s in every 24
hour period due to the accuracy limits of the crystal. This is not a problem when a
Master Station is on line as the relays will usually be polled once every second or
so.
Events that are recorded include:
1. change in state of logic inputs.
2. change in state of relay outputs.
3. change to settings made locally.
4. fault records as defined in the FAULT RECORDS column of the menu.
5. alarm messages.
Items 1 and 2 may be deleted from the events so that up to 50 fault records may
be stored.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.14.2
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 12 of 67
Disturbance records
The internal disturbance recorder has sixteen analogue channels plus one to
record the status of the eight control inputs and one to record the status of the
eight relay outputs. The analogue channels record up to nine phase currents, three
per winding, the three differential currents, the three calculated through bias
currents and the voltage channel. In the case of mesh corner where two current
transformers are used the phase currents are the calculated current which is
flowing in the transformer winding. As with the event recorder, when the buffer is
full the oldest record is overwritten and records are deleted if the auxiliary supply
to the relay is removed. This ensures that when the buffer is read the contents will
all be valid.
The disturbance recorder is stopped and the record frozen a set time after a
selected trigger has been activated. For example, a protection trip command
could be the selected trigger and the delay would then set the duration of the trace
after the fault.
2.14.3
2.14.4
Each sample has a time tag attached to it so that when the waveform is
reconstituted it can be plotted at the correct point against the time scale, thus
ensuring that the time base is correct and independent of the frequency.
The disturbance records can only be accessed via the serial communication port.
Remote control functions
Control functions that affect the relay and that can be performed over the serial
link include the change of individual relay settings and the change between setting
groups. Plant control functions include remote manual tap up/tap down.
Note: If it is considered essential that it must not be possible to perform certain
of these remote control functions, they can be inhibited by setting software links in
the relay. These links are password protected, see Section 5.
Notes on serial port
Each relay in the K-Series has a serial communication port configured to K-BUS
Standards. K-BUS is a communication interface and protocol designed to meet the
requirements of communication with protective relays and transducers within the
power system substation environment. It has to be as reliable as the protective
relays themselves and must not result in their performance being degraded in any
way. Hence error checking and noise rejection have been major concerns in its
design.
The communication port is based on RS485 voltage transmission and reception
levels with galvanic isolation provided by a transformer. A polled protocol is used
and no relay unit is allowed to transmit unless it receives a valid message, without
any detected error, addressed to it. Transmission is synchronous over a pair of
screened wires and the data is FM0 coded with the clock signal to remove any dc
component so that the signal will pass through transformers. This method of
encoding the data allows the connection to the bus wiring to be made in either
polarity.
With the exception of the Master Units, each node in the network is passive and
any failed unit on the system will not interfere with communication to the other
units. The frame format is high level data link control (HDLC) and the data rate is
64kbits/s. Up to 32 units may be connected to any bus at any point with a
maximum length of 1000m.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.14.5
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 13 of 67
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 3.
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 14 of 67
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
Function
Terminal
Function
Earth Terminal
Watchdog Relay
(Break contact)
(Make contact)
[+]
[]
Not Used
10
Not Used
Not Used
11
12
Not Used
(+)
13
14
()
Not Used
15
16
Not Used
In
17
18
Out
Not Used
19
20
Not Used
A Current(1)
In
21
22
Out
A Current(1)
B Current(1)
In
23
24
Out
B Current(1)
C Current(1)
In
25
26
Out
C Current(1)
E/F Current(1)
In
27
28
Out
E/F Current(1)
Function
Terminal
Not Used
Function
Output Relay 4
29
31
30
32
Output Relay 0
Output Relay 5
33
35
34
36
Output Relay 1
Output Relay 6
37
39
38
40
Output Relay 2
Output Relay 7
41
43
42
44
Output Relay 3
(+)
45
46
(+)
(+)
47
48
(+)
(+)
49
50
(+)
(+)
51
52
(-)
Common L0/L1/L2
(+)
53
54
Common L3/L4/L5/L6/L7
()
55
56
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 15 of 67
Function
Terminal
Function
Earth Terminal
57
58
Not Used
Not Used
59
60
Not Used
Not Used
61
62
Not Used
A Current(4)
In
63
64
Out
A Current(4)
(KBCH140 only)
B Current(4)
In
65
66
Out
B Current(4)
(KBCH140 only)
C Current(4)
In
67
68
Out
C Current(4)
(KBCH140 only)
A Current(3)
In
69
70
Out
A Current(3)
(Not on KBCH120)
B Current(3)
In
71
72
Out
B Current(3)
(Not on KBCH120)
C Current(3)
In
73
74
Out
C Current(3)
(Not on KBCH120)
E/F Current(3)
In
75
76
Out
A Current(2)
In
77
78
Out
A Current(2)
B Current(2)
In
79
80
Out
B Current(2)
C Current(2)
In
81
82
Out
C Current(2)
E/F Current(2)
In
83
84
Out
E/F Current(2)
Note: All relays have standard Midos terminal blocks to which connections can
be made with either 4mm screws or 4.8mm pre-insulated snap-on connectors. Two
connections can be made to each terminal.
3.1
Auxiliary supply
The auxiliary voltage may be ac or dc provided it is within the limiting voltages for
the particular relay. The voltage range will be found on the front plate of the relay;
it is marked (Vx = 24V 125V) or (Vx = 48V 250V). An ideal supply to use for
testing the relays will be 50V dc or 110V ac because these values fall within both
of the auxiliary voltage ranges.
The supply should be connected to terminals 13 and 14 only. To avoid any
confusion it is recommended that the polarity of any applied voltage is kept to the
Midos standard:
for dc supplies the positive lead connected to terminal 13 and the negative to
terminal 14.
for ac supplies the live lead is connected to terminal 13 and the neutral lead to
terminal 14.
Note: To avoid damage to the relay do not connect any auxiliary supplies to
terminals 7 and 8.
3.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 16 of 67
Where the opto-isolated input of more than one relay is to be controlled by the
same contact it will be necessary to connect terminal 7 of each relay together to
form a common line. In the example, shown in Figure 3-1, contact X operates L1
of relay 1 and contact Y operates L0 of relay 1 as well as L0 and L1 of relay 2. L2
is not used on either relay and has no connections made to it.
L0
L1
L2
46
46
48
48
50
50
52
52
X
_
L1
L2
Y
8
48V
7
+
Relay 1
L0
7
Common line
_
48V
+
Relay 2
Analogue inputs
The relays can have up to sixteen analogue inputs depending on the model. Each
is fed via an input transducer and low pass filter to a multiplexer and analogue to
digital converter. The analogue signals are sampled forty times per cycle on each
channel as the sampling rate tracks the frequency of the input signal.
3.4
Output relays
There are four programmable output relays on the microprocessor board and four
on the DSP board. These relays each have two make contacts connected in series
to increase their rating. The protection and control functions to which these relays
respond are selectable via the menu system of the relay. It is normal practice to
allocate RLY3 and RLY7 as trip relays as these relays also control the flagging (see
section 6.9).
In addition there is a watchdog relay which has one make and one break contact.
Thus it can indicate both healthy and failed conditions. As these contacts are
mainly used for alarm purposes, single contacts are used and their rating is
therefore not quite as high as that of the programmable outputs.
The terminal numbers for the output relay contacts are given in the table at the
start of Section 3.
3.5
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
3.5.1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 17 of 67
DC shunt trip
An auxiliary supply is required to trip the circuit breakers. This will normally be a
dc supply which is generally considered to be more secure than an ac supply. It
would be usual to use a shunt trip coil for dc energized trip circuits as shown in
Figure 3-2.
The trip circuit current will normally be broken by an auxiliary contact on the
circuit breaker once the circuit breaker has opened. If this is not the case then a
trip relay with heavy duty contacts must be interposed between the relay trip
contact and the trip coil.
4
RLY3
4
Trip
Trip
supply
Relay
AC no-volt trip
For ac tripping it may be considered safer to opt for an no-volt trip release.
Tripping from a make contact on the relay is still possible by using the circuit
shown in Figure 3-3.
This arrangement will also trip the circuit breaker when the auxiliary trip supply is
lost. If the circuit breaker is fitted with a line VT, then this may be used to provide
the trip supply for the circuit breaker and the circuit breaker will then be tripped
when the protected circuit is de-energized.
The capacitor is included to reduce the release time and would tune the coil to the
power frequency. The series resistor would then limit the current in the coil to its
rated value.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 18 of 67
Relay
4
RLY3
Trip
Trip
supply
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 19 of 67
56
54
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Figure 3-4.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 4.
4.1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 20 of 67
USER INTERFACE
Model number
Relay type
Liquid
crystal
display
KBCH12001H12LEA
KBCH120
No 000001A
Serial number
Digital identifiers
AUX0=
FE DC B A9876543210
AUX1=
AUX2=
Led
indicators
ALARM
AUX3=
TRIP
AUX4=
AUX5=
AUX6=
AUX7=
Made in UK
Ratings
Entry
In
Vn
100/120
Vx
24/125
V~
50/60
V~
Hz
LED indications
The three leds provide the following functions:
GREEN LED
Indicates the relay is powered up and running. It reflects the
state of the watchdog relay.
YELLOW LED
RED LED
Indicates a trip that has been issued by the relay. The trip
flags give further information.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
4.3
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 21 of 67
Keypad
Four keys on the front plate of the relay enable the user to select the data to be
displayed and settings to be changed. The keys perform the following functions:
[F]
FUNCTION SELECT KEY
[+]
INCREMENT VALUE KEY
[]
DECREMENT VALUE KEY
[0]
RESET/ESCAPE KEY
4.4
Section 5.
MENU SYSTEM
Data within the relays is accessed via a MENU table. The table is divided into
columns and rows to form cells, rather like a spreadsheet. Each cell may contain
text, values, limits and functions. The first cell in a column contains a heading
which identifies the data grouped on that column. (see Figure 5-1)
F2
F1
F SHORT
F3
F5
F4
LONG
LONG
LONG
LONG
LONG
F SHORT
F SHORT
F SHORT
F SHORT
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 22 of 67
Four keys on the front plate of the relay allow the menu to be scanned and the
contents displayed on the liquid crystal display (lcd). The act of depressing any
key will result in the lcd backlight being switched on. The backlight will turn off
again if a key is not pressed again within one minute.
The display will normally be the selected default setting and a momentary press of
the function key [F] will change the display to the heading for the first column,
SYSTEM DATA. Further momentary presses of the [F] key will step down the
column, row by row, so that data may be read. If at any time the [F] key is
pressed and held for one second the cursor will be moved to the top of the next
column and the heading for that column will be displayed. Further momentary
presses of the [F] key will then move down the new column, row by row. In this
way the full menu of the relay may be scanned with just one key and this key is
accessible with the cover in place on the relay.
The other key that is accessible with the cover in place is the reset key [0]. A
momentary press of this key will switch on the back light for the lcd without
changing the display in any way. Following a protection trip the display will
change automatically from the default display to that of the fault flags for that fault
and the red trip led will be lit to draw attention to this Input (Overflux). The trip led
can be reset by holding down the reset key [0] for at least one second.
The fault information is not lost by this action, it is only cleared from the display.
The fault flags can be read by selecting FAULT RECORDS from the column
headings and stepping down until the flag data (Fn), the flags for the last fault, are
displayed. The red trip led can be reset by holding the reset key [0] depressed for
1 second whilst this cell is being displayed. The next cell down contains the flags
for the previous fault (Fn-1) and so on to (Fn-4). The currents measured during the
last fault are also recorded on this page of the menu. To delete all fault records the
next cell after (Fn-4) must be selected. This cell will read FLT Records Clear = [0]
and to complete the reset action the [0] key must be held depressed for more than
1 second.
The only settings which can be changed with the cover in place are those that can
be reset either to zero or some pre-set value. To change any other settings the
cover has to be removed from the relay to gain access to the [+] and [] keys, that
are used to increment or decrement a value. When a column heading is displayed
the [] key will change the display to the next column and the [+] key will change
the display to the previous column, giving a faster selection.
When a cell containing a relay setting is displayed the action of pressing either
the [+] or [] keys will indicate to the relay that a value is to be changed and a
flashing cursor will appear on the display. To escape from the setting mode
without making any change, the [0] key should be depressed for one second.
For instruction on how to change the various types of settings refer to Section 5.2.
5.1
Menu contents
Related data and settings are grouped together in separate columns of the menu.
Each column has a text heading that identifies the data contained in that column.
Each cell may contain text, values, limits and/or a function. The cells are
referenced by the column number/row number. For example 0201 is column 02,
row 01.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 23 of 67
The full menu is given in the following notes but not all the items will be available
in a particular relay. For example, a KBCH120 relay would not display any
settings related to the tertiary winding (LV2). Those cells that do not provide any
useful purpose are not made available in the factory configuration, to avoid the
confusion that would occur in deciding what values to set them to. In a similar way
certain settings will disappear from the menu when the user de-selects them; the
alternative setting group is a typical example. If System Data Link (SD4) is set to
0 alternative settings SETTINGS(2) will be hidden and to select them and make
them visible, link SD4 must be set to 1. This note is included at this time to
explain why some of the items listed below may not appear in the menu for the
relay that is being compared with the full list.
The menu cells that are read only are marked [READ].
Cells that can be set are marked [SET].
Cells that can be reset are marked [RESET].
Cells that are password protected are marked [PWP].
5.1.1
System data
0000 SYSTEM DATA
0001 SYS Language
0002 SYS Password
0003 SYS Fn Links
LINK 0 [SYS Rem ChgStg ]
LINK 1 [SYS Rem Tap Ctrl]
LINK 3 [SYS Rem ChgGrp]
LINK 4 [SYS Enable Grp2 ]
LINK 5 [SYS Auto Reset]
LINK 6 [SYS Auto Rec]
LINK 7 [SYS En Log Evts ]
0004 SYS Description
0005 SYS Plant Ref.
0006 SYS Model No.
0008 SYS Serial No.
0009 SYS Frequency
000A SYS Comms Level
000B SYS Rly Address
000C SYS Plant Status
000D SYS Ctrl Status
000E SYS Setting Grp
0011 SYS S/W Ref 1
0012 SYS S/W Ref 2
0020 SYS Logic Stat
0021 SYS Relay Stat
0022 SYS Alarms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 24 of 67
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 25 of 67
5.1.2
5.1.3
[READ]
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
HV winding A phase
HV winding B phase
HV winding C phase
LV1 winding A phase
LV1 winding B phase
LV1 winding C phase
LV2 winding A phase
LV2 winding B phase
LV2 winding C phase
Differential circuit A phase
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
02
02
02
02
02
02
5.1.4
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 26 of 67
MS1
MS1
MS1
MS1
MS1
MS1
Ib Diff
Ic Diff
Ia Bias
Ib Bias
Ic Bias
F
Settings(1)
05 00 SETTINGS(1)
05 01 S1 Fn. Links
Link 1 [S1 Enable Id>
Link 2 [S1 Enable Id>>
Link 3 [S1 Enable Io> HV
Link 4 [S1 Enable Io> LV1
Link 5 [S1 Enable Io> LV2
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
Configuration
HV CT Ratio
LV1 CT Ratio
LV2 CT Ratio
HV Ratio Cor
HV VectorCor
LV1 Ratio Cor
LV1 VectorCor
LV2 Ratio Cor
05 0B S1 LV2 VectorCor
05
05
05
05
05
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
Id>
Id>>
Io> HV
Io> LV1
Io> LV2
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
1A
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
S1
Iof
tOF
V/f(Trip)Char
V/f (Trip)
tV/f (Trip)
V/f (Trip)TMS
V/f (Alarm)
tV/f (Alarm)
[SET]
Setting 1 function links [PWP]
1 = Enable low set
1 = Enable high set
1 = Enable REF on HV winding
1 = Enable REF on LV winding
1 = Enable REF on Tertiary winding
(not KBCH120)
1 = Enable Overflux Trip
1 = Enable Overflux Alarm
1 = Enable Overflux Block
See Note below [PWP]
HV side CT Ratio [PWP]
LV side CT Ratio [PWP]
LV2 side CT ratio (not KBCH120) [PWP]
HV side CT correction ratio [PWP]
HV Phase compensation [PWP]
LV1 side CT correction ratio [PWP]
LV1 Phase compensation [PWP]
LV2 side CT correction ratio (not
KBCH120) [PWP]
LV2 Phase compensation (not KBCH120)
[PWP]
Low set setting
High set setting
REF setting HV winding
REF setting LV winding
REF setting Tertiary winding (not
KBCH120)
5th harmonic Overflux setting
5th harmonic Overflux detector time delay
Overflux Trip Characteristic
Setting for Overflux Trip
Definite time setting for Overflux Trip
Time multiplier for Overflux Trip
Setting for Overflux Alarm
Definite time setting for Overflux Alarm
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 27 of 67
No Of Bias
Inputs
HV+LV
2 bias inputs
Configuration
Applicable To
HV
KBCH120/130/140
LV
HV
HV+LV1+LV2
3 bias inputs
LV1
LV2
KBCH130/140
HV
HV(x2)+LV
3 bias inputs
KBCH130/140**
LV
HV
KBCH130/140
HV+LV(x2)
3 bias inputs
HV(x2)+LV1+LV2
4 bias inputs
LV1
HV+LV1(x2)+LV2
4 bias inputs
LV1
LV
HV
LV2
Only KBCH140
LV2
Only KBCH140**
HV
HV
HV(x2)+LV(x2)
4 bias inputs
LV
Only KBCH140
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 28 of 67
Action
Do nothing
Phase shift
0
Yd1
Ia = (IA - IC) / 3
Ib = (IB - IA) / 3
Ic = (IC - IB) / 3
30 lag
Yd2
Ia = IA + IB
Ib = IB + IC
Ic = IC + IA
60 lag
Yd3
Ia = (IB - IC) / 3
Ib = (IC - IA) / 3
Ic = (IA - IB) / 3
90 lag
Yd4
Ia = IB
120
where Ia is the
corrected current
and IA is the uncorrected current
Ib = IC
Ic = IA
5.1.5
Yd5
150 lag
Yy6
Invert currents
180 lag
Yd7
150 lead
Yd8
120 lead
Yd9
90 lead
Yd10
60 lead
Yd11
Ia = (IA - IB) / 3
Ia = (IB - IC) / 3
Ia = (IC - IA) / 3
30 lead
Ydy0
Ia = IA - (IA + IB + IC) / 3
Ib = IB - (IA + IB + IC) / 3
Ib = IC - (IA + IB + IC) / 3
Ydy6
180 lag
Settings(2)
06 00 SETTINGS(2)
06 01 S1 Fn. Links
Link 1 [S2 Enable Id>
Link 2 [S2 Enable Id>>
Link 3 [S2 Enable Io> HV
Link 4 [S2 Enable Io> LV1
Link 5 [S2 Enable Io> LV2
Link 7 [S2 Enable OF Trip
Link 8 [S2 Enable OF Alm
Link 9 [S2 Enable OF Blk
[SET]
Setting 1 function links [PWP]
]
1 = Enable low set
]
1 = Enable high set
]
1 = Enable REF on HV winding
]
1 = Enable REF on LV winding
]
1 = Enable REF on Tertiary winding (not
KBCH120)
]
1 = Enable Overflux Trip
]
1 = Enable Overflux Alarm
]
1 = Enable Overflux Block
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
06
06
06
06
06
06
06
06
06
5.1.6
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 29 of 67
Configuration
HV CT Ratio
LV1 CT Ratio
LV2 CT Ratio
HV Ratio Cor
HV VectorCor
LV1 Ratio Cor
LV1 VectorCor
LV2 Ratio Cor
Display [SET]
GEC ALSTHOM K-SERIES MIDOS
Description (or User Defined Scheme Reference)
Plant Reference (User Defined)
HV Ia
Ib
Ic
4 = LV1 Ia
Ib
Ic
5 = LV2 Ia
Ib
Ic
6 = F(now)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
5.1.7
5.1.8
Input masks
0A 00 INPUT MASKS
0A 07 INP Blk V/f Trp
0A 08 INP Blk V/f Alm
0A 09 INP Aux 0
0A 0A INP Aux 1
0A 0B INP Aux 2
0A 0C INP Aux 3
0A 0D INP Aux 4
0A 0E INP Aux 5
0A 0F INP Aux 6
0A 10 INP Aux 7
0A 11 INP Set Grp 2
Relay masks
0B 00 RELAY MASKS
0B 01 RLY Id>A
0B 02 RLY Id>B
0B 03 RLY Id>C
0B 04 RLY Id>>A
0B 05 RLY Id>>B
0B 06 RLY Id>>C
0B 07 RLY Io> HV
0B 08 RLY Io> LV1
0B 09 RLY Io> LV2
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
0B
5.1.9
5.1.10
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 30 of 67
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
15
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
RLY
Aux0
Aux1
Aux2
Aux3
Aux4
Aux5
Aux6
Aux7
Tap Up
Tap Down
OF Alm
[PWP]
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
Input to
[PWP]
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
Relay to
RUNNING/TRIGGERED/STOPPED [SET]
SAMPLES/MAGNITUDE/PHASE [SET]
Trace length after trigger [SET]
Select logic input to trigger [SET]
Select relay output to trigger [SET]
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
0D 04Test Relays = [0]
0D 05TST Tap Control
5.2
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 31 of 67
Facility to test relays using Relay Test mask [SET]
Tap Changer Control No Operation/Tap Up/Tap
Down [SET]
5.2.1
Entering passwords
The [+] and [] keys can be used to select a character at the position of the cursor.
When the desired character has been set the [F] key can be given a momentary
press to move the cursor to the position for the next character. The process can
then be repeated to enter all four characters that make up the password. When
the fourth character is acknowledged by a momentary press of the [F] key the
display will read:
Are You Sure?
+ = YES = NO
1. Press the [0] key if you decide not to enter the password.
2. Press the [] key if you want to modify the entry.
3. Press the [+] to enter the password. The display will then show four stars
* * * * and if the password was accepted the alarm led will flash. If the
password is not accepted a further attempt can be made to enter it, or the [0] key
used to escape. Password protection is reinstated when the alarm led stops
flashing, fifteen minutes after the last key press, or by selecting the PASSWORD
cell and pressing the [0] key for more than one second.
5.2.2
Changing passwords
After entering the current password and it is accepted, as indicated by the alarm
led flashing, the [F] key is pressed momentarily to move to the next menu cell. If
instead, it is required to enter a new password, the [+] key must be pressed to
select the setting mode. A new password can be entered with the same procedure
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.2.6
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 32 of 67
described in Section 5.2.1. Only capital (upper case) letters may be used for the
password.
BE SURE TO MAKE A NOTE OF THE PASSWORD BEFORE ENTERING IT.
ACCESS WILL BE DENIED WITHOUT THE CORRECT PASSWORD.
Entering text
Enter the setting mode as described in Section 5.2 and move the cursor with the
[F] key to where the text is to be entered or changed. Then using the [+] and []
keys, select the character to be displayed. The [F] key may then be used to move
the cursor to the position of the next character and so on. Follow the instructions in
Section 5.2 to exit from the setting change.
Changing function links
Select the page heading required and step down one line to FUNCTION LINKS
and press either the [+] or [] to put the relay in the setting change mode. A cursor
will flash on the bottom line at the extreme left position. This is link F; as
indicated by the character printed on the front plate under the display.
Press the [F] key to step along the row of links, one link at a time, until some text
appears on the top line that describes the function of a link. The [+] key will
change the link to a 1 to select the function and the [] key will change it to a
0 to deselect it. Not all links can be set, some being factory selected and
locked. The links that are locked in this way are usually those for functions that are
not supported by a particular relay, when they will be set to 0. Merely moving
the cursor past a link position does not change it in any way.
Changing setting values
Move through the menu until the cell that is to be edited is displayed. Press the [+]
or [] key to put the relay into the setting change mode. A cursor will flash in the
extreme left hand position on the bottom line of the display to indicate that the
relay is ready to have the setting changed. The value will be incremented in single
steps by each momentary press of the [+] key, or if the [+] key is held down the
value will be incremented with increasing rapidity until the key is released.
Similarly, the [] key can be used to decrement the value. Follow the instructions in
Section 5.2 to exit from the setting change.
NOTE: When entering CT RATIO the overall ratio should be entered, i.e. 2000/
5A CT has an overall ratio of 400:1. With rated current applied the relay will
display 5A when CT RATIO has the default value of 1:1 and when the RATIO is
set to 400:1 the displayed value will be 400 x 5 = 2000A.
Setting communication address
The communication address will normally be set to 255, the global address to all
relays on the network, when the relay is first supplied. Reply messages are not
issued from any relay for a global command, because they would all respond at
the same time and result in contention on the bus. Setting the address to 255 will
ensure that when first connected to the network they will not interfere with
communications on existing installations. The communication address can be
manually set by selecting the appropriate cell for the SYSTEM DATA column,
entering the setting mode as described in Section 5.2 and then decrementing or
incrementing the address.
It is recommended that the user enters the plant reference in the appropriate cell
and then sets the address manually to 0. The Master Station will then detect that
a new relay has been added to the network and automatically allocate the next
available address on the bus to which that relay is connected and communications
will then be fully established.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
5.2.7
5.2.8
5.2.9
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 33 of 67
5.2.10
5.2.11
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 34 of 67
Alarm Flags
Indication
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Unconfig
Uncalib
protection is running
uncalibrated calibration error
Setting
No Service
No Opto
No S/Logic
DSP Faulty
For the above listed alarms the ALARM LED will be continuously lit. However there
is another form of alarm that causes the ALARM LED to flash and this indicates that
the password has been entered to allow access to change protected settings
within the relay. This is not generally available as a remote alarm and the alarm
flags do not change.
5.2.12
No control will be possible via the key pad if the Unconfigured alarm is raised
because the relay will be locked in a non-operate state.
Default display (lcd)
The lcd changes to a default display if no key presses are made for 15 minutes.
The default display can be selected to any of the options listed in Section 5.1.6
LOGIC FUNCTIONS location LOG Default Dsply by following the setting
procedure given in Section 5.2.5. The display can be returned to the default
value, without waiting the 15 minute delay, by selecting any column heading and
then holding the [0] reset key depressed for 1 second.
When the protection trips the display changes automatically to display the fault
flags. The trip led indication must be reset, as described in Section 5.2.10, before
the relay returns to the selected default display.
5.3
5.3.1
Disturbance recorders
The disturbance recorder may be triggered by several different methods
dependent on the settings in this column of the menu. However, the records have
to be read via the serial communication port and suitable additional software is
required to reconstruct and display the waveforms. Only one complete record is
stored and the recorder must be retriggered before another record can be
captured.
Recorder control
This cell displays the state of the recorder :
a)
RUNNING recorder storing data (overwriting oldest data)
b)
TRIGGERED
c)
STOPPED
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SERVICE MANUAL
5.3.2
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 35 of 67
When this cell is selected, manual control is possible and to achieve this the relay
must be put into the setting mode by pressing the [+] key. A flashing cursor will
then appear on the bottom line of the display at the left-hand side. The [+] key will
then select RUNNING and the [] key will select TRIGGERED. When the
appropriate function has been selected the [F] key is pressed to accept the
selection and the selected function will take effect when the [+] key is pressed to
confirm the selection. To abort the selection at any stage, press the reset key [0].
Recorder capture
The recorder can capture:
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
a)
SAMPLES
b)
MAGNITUDES
c)
PHASES
the Fourier derived phase angles
The relay has no electro-mechanical adjustments, all calibration is effected in
software and all three of the above options are used in the calibration process.
For normal use as a fault recorder SAMPLES will be the most useful.
Recorder post trigger
The Post Trigger setting determines the length of the trace that occurs after the stop
trigger is received. This may be set to any increment of 5 between 5 and 505
samples. When recording samples the total trace duration is 510/40 = 12 cycles
because the interval between the samples is equivalent to one fortieth of a cycle.
However, the Fourier derived values are calculated eight times per cycle and so
the total trace length when recording these calculated phase or amplitude values is
510/8 = 63 cycles.
Recorder logic trigger
Any, or all, of the opto-isolated inputs may be used as the stop trigger and the
trigger may be taken from either the energization or the de-energization of these
inputs. The bottom line of the display for this cell will show a series of 16
characters, each of which may be set to 1 or 0. A 1 will select the input as
a trigger and a 0 will deselect it.
The selection is made using the instructions for the setting links in Section 5.2.4.
The opto-isolated input (L0 to L7) associated with each digit is shown on the top
line of the display for the digit underlined by the cursor. A + preceding it will
indicate that the trigger will occur for energization and a will indicate the trigger
will occur for de-energization.
Recorder relay trigger
Any, or all, of the output relays may be used as a stop trigger and the trigger may
be taken from either the energization or the de-energization of these outputs. The
bottom line of the display for this cell will show a series of 16 characters, each of
which may be set to 1 or 0. A 1 will select the output relay and a 0 will
deselect it.
The selection is made using the instructions for setting links in Section 5.2.4. The
output relay (RLY0 to RLY7) associated with each digit underlined by the cursor is
shown on the top line of the display. A + preceding it will indicate that the trigger
will occur for energization and a will indicate the trigger will occur for deenergization.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
5.3.6
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 36 of 67
Section 6.
SELECTIVE LOGIC
In this section the scheme logic is broken down into groups which are described
individually. The logic is represented in a ladder diagram format and the key to
the symbols used is shown in Figure 6-1.
0
1
S7
V/f OF Trip
tV/f
Alarm
Contact representation of
output
Time delayed
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 37 of 67
input is stated above the mask and the position of the 1s within the mask will
determine the input(s) that assert the control. More than one control input may be
assigned by the mask and the same control inputs may be used in several masks.
The output relays RLY7 RLY0 are represented by an eight bit mask with a thicker
line at the bottom and right hand side. A mask is allocated to each protection and
control function that can be assigned to an output relay. The function asserted on
the mask is stated by the text above it and the position of the 1s in the mask
determines which relay(s) operate in response. More than one output relay may
be assigned by a mask and the same relay may be assigned by several masks.
Figure 6-2 shows by example how the input and output masks may be used.
Function 1 is initiated by L0 as indicated by the position of the 1 in the input
mask.
The input masks act as an OR gate so that for function 2 it is initiated by either,
or both, L0 and L1, but L1 will not initiate function 1.
Both functions 3 and 4 can be initiated by L3, but only function 4 is initiated by
L5. Similarly the output masks can be used to direct the output of a function to any
relay.
The relay masks also act as OR gates so that several functions can be directed
to a particular output relay. In the example function 1 operates relays 3 and 6,
however, relay 3 is also operated by functions 2, 3, and 4.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Function 1
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Function 2
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Function 3
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Function 4
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
Logic status
L0
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
Relay status 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
RLY0
RLY1
RLY2
RLY3
RLY4
RLY5
RLY6
RLY7
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SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 38 of 67
Set
Reset
S1
Id>
&
t100ms
5th Harmonic
tOF
S9
Set
Reset
S2
Id>>
&
t100ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
6.3
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 39 of 67
0
1
S3
Set
Reset
Io> HV
&
t100ms
0
1
S4
Set
Reset
Io> LV
&
S5
Set
Reset
Io> LV2
&
t100ms
0
1
t100ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 40 of 67
0
1
S7
&
tV/f
Trip
V/f OF Trip
Set
Reset
&
t100ms
0
1
S8
&
tV/f
V/f OF Alarm
Set
Reset
&
t100ms
Auxiliary timers
Figure 6-7 shows eight auxiliary timers that may be initiated from external inputs
assigned in the respective input masks and which, after the set time delay, operate
the relays assigned in the relay masks.
These inputs could be used for either tripping or alarm purposes following
operation of external protection for example a Buchholz relay or a Temperature
relay. In this way the operation of the Buchholz and/or Temperature relay is
recorded and time tagged and is then available over the serial communications
link.
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SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 41 of 67
RLY Aux0
INP Aux0
Aux0
RLY Aux1
INP Aux1
Aux1
RLY Aux2
INP Aux2
Aux2
RLY Aux3
INP Aux3
Aux3
RLY Aux4
INP Aux4
Aux4
RLY Aux5
INP Aux5
Aux5
RLY Aux6
INP Aux6
Aux6
RLY Aux7
INP Aux7
Aux7
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R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 42 of 67
INP Set
SD3
0
1
Remote change
SD4
1
Remote change
Reset
set
Select
alternative
setting GRP2
6.6.2
6.7
RLY Tap Up
SD1
1
0
Remote change
TapUp
Remote change
TapDown
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R8530 C
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Page 43 of 67
RLY Test
Relay Test
t TEST
Relay 3
Relay 7
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SERVICE MANUAL
6.10
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 44 of 67
Trip display
Fn-1GxA**B**C**F
External
AUX01234567Io123
AUX01234567
FEDCBA9876543210
FEDCBA9876543210
alarms
Fnow
Fn
Fn-1
Fn-2
Fn-3
Fn-4
Gx
x =
A*
A-*
A**
Overflux Trip
AUX 0
Auxiliary 0
AUX 1
Auxiliary 1
AUX
Auxiliary 2
Auxiliary 3
Auxiliary 4
Auxiliary 5
Auxiliary 6
Auxiliary 7
Io 1
Io 2
Io 3
=
=
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
AUX
2
3
4
5
6
7
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 7.
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 45 of 67
CONFIGURATION
Configuration is the act of selecting from the available options, those that are
required for the application. It is also the software equivalent of rewiring a relay to
connect the functions together in a different way so that they operate in a new
sequence to provide the required composite function. At first this may seem to be
a complicated process but it will in fact be found very simple once the basic
concept is understood.
7.1
7.2
7.2.1
1:1
LV1 CT ratio
1:1
LV2 CT ratio
1:1
HV Ratio Cor
1.0
HV VectorCor
Yy0 (0 deg)
1.0
LV1 VectorCor
Yy0 (0 deg)
1.0
LV2 VectorCor
Yy0 (0 deg)
Id>
0.2PU
Id>>
10PU
Io>HV
0.1PU
Io> LV1
0.1PU
Io> LV2
0.1PU
Iof
50%
tOF
10s
IDMT
V/f Trip
2.42 V/Hz
V/f (Trip)TMS
V/f Alarm
2.31 V/Hz
tV/f (Alarm)
10s
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.2.5
7.3
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 46 of 67
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
7.4
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 47 of 67
Selecting options
1.
Select SYSTEM DATA heading from the menu, step down to SYS
Password and enter the password. The alarm led will flash to indicate that the
relay is no longer password protected.
2.
3.
Select the function link settings in the next menu cell down and enter any
changes.
4.
The Description will state the main functions, for example 2 Bias I/P +
REF. This may be changed to the user configuration reference.
5.
The Plant Reference can be used to identify the plant, circuit or circuit
breaker that the relay is associated with.
6.
The communication address is to be entered manually or by the autoaddressing function of the Master Station as described in Section 5.2.6.
7.
Moving to the SETTINGS column of the menu, the function links are first
selected. Any protection not required is disabled by setting the appropriate
bit t0. This will remove the un-required settings from the menu.
8.
9.
10. Next, the setting related to the vector group compensation and CT ratio
mismatch for each winding can be entered.
11. The protection settings can now be entered. (Note these do not require the
password to be entered first)
12. The timers in the LOGIC column of the menu should now be set to the
required times.
13. The input and output masks are then set. Section 6.9 gives some important
notes on the allocation of output relays.
14. Finally the password protection should be established. This will occur
automatically fifteen minutes after the last key press, alternatively, select the
password cell and hold the reset key pressed until the alarm led stops
flashing. The backlight on the display is turned off one minute after the last
key press.
The relay is now configured for the application and the configuration may be
stored on a disc and referenced with a suitable name. The file can then be
retrieved and down-loaded to other relays that require the same configuration.
This provides a quick method of setting the relay but requires the use of additional
equipment, such as a KITZ101 interface unit and a portable PC with suitable
software such as Protection Access Software and Toolkit from GEC Alsthom T&D.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 8.
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 48 of 67
TECHNICAL DATA
8.1
Ratings
8.1.1
Inputs
Reference Current (In)
Nominal Rating
Continuous
3s
1s
In = 1A
In = 5A
3In
3In
30In
30In
100A
400A
Nominal Range
Continuous Rating
Vn = 100/120V
0 140V phase/phase
180V phase/phase
Operative Range
Absolute
DC Supply
AC 50/60Hz
Maximum
20 150V
33 300V
50 133V
87 265V
190V crest
380V crest
Frequency (Fn)
Nominal Rating
Tracking Range
50 Hz or 60 Hz
13 - 68Hz
8.1.2
Nominal Rating
Reference Range
50V dc only
25 60V dc only
Outputs
Field Voltage
8.2
Burdens
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
Voltage circuit
Vn = 100/120V
Auxiliary voltage
<0.002 VA at 110V
Auxiliary Supply
DC supply
4.8 - 8.0W
4.8 - 12.0W
AC supply
6.7 - 12.0VA
7.0 - 21.0VA
The burden depends upon the power supply rating, the applied voltage, the
number of inputs and outputs energised and the status of the backlight.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
8.2.5
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 49 of 67
Opto-isolated inputs
DC supply
8.3
Setting ranges
8.3.1
Transformer configuration
External CT ratio
HV CT ratio
{steps of 0.001 to 10
LV1 CT ratio
LV2 CT ratio
Transformer configuration.
The following list shows the options:Setting
No of Bias
Inputs
Configuration
Applicable To
HV
HV+LV
2 bias inputs
KBCH120/130/140
LV
HV
HV+LV1+LV2
3 bias inputs
HV(x2)+LV
3 bias inputs
LV1
LV2
KBCH130/140
HV
KBCH130/140**
LV
HV
HV+LV(x2)
3 bias inputs
HV(x2)+LV1+LV2
4 bias inputs
KBCH130/140
LV
HV
LV1
LV2
Only KBCH140
LV2
Only KBCH140**
HV
HV+LV1(x2)+LV2
4 bias inputs
LV1
HV
HV(x2)+LV(x2)
4 bias inputs
LV
Only KBCH140
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LV1 VectorCor
LV2 VectorCor
8.3.2
Protection settings
Differential Protection settings
Protection settings
Setting range
Step size
Id>
0.1 to 0.5PU
0.1
Id>>
5 to 20PU
0.5
Iof
10 to 50%
tOF
0.01
Io> LV1
}0.05 to 1.0PU
Io> LV2
0.005
8.3.3
V/f (Trip)Char
DT, IDMT
V/f (Trip)
1.5 to 3 V/Hz
0.01
tV/f (Trip)
0.1 to 60s
V/f (Trip)TMS
1 to 63
1 (IDMT selected)
V/f (Alarm)
1.5 to 3 V/Hz
0.01
tV/f (Alarm)
0.1 to 60s
0.1
Setting range
Step size
Auxiliary timers
Auxiliary timers
tAUX0
tAUX1
tAUX2
{0.01 to 100s
tAUX3
tAUX4
1 to 10,000s
tAUX5
10 to 14,400s
tAUX6
tAUX7
0 to 14.4ks(4 Hours)
{ 0.1 to 1000s
tTEST
0.5 to 10s
0.1
tTapUp
0.5 to 10s
0.1
tTapDown
0.5 to 10s
0.1
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8.4
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Page 51 of 67
Operating times
Element
Id>
Operating time
typically 30 to 35ms
Disengagement time
typically <50ms**
Id>>
typically 15ms
typically <30ms**
Io>
typically 20 to 40ms
typically <25ms**
V/f
typically <30ms**
**Note: A minium contact dwell time of 100ms is incorporated on the protection
trip functions, such that if a fault condition is removed within the 100ms
then the disengagement times will be extended by the dwell.
8.5
Accuracy
The accuracy under reference conditions is 7.5%
8.6
Opto-isolated inputs
12.5 2.5ms at 50Hz
Capture time
Release time
5k (2 optos in parallel)
Contacts
Output relays Eight single make
Make:
Carry:
5A continuous
Break:
Watchdog relays
Make:
Carry:
5A continuous
Break:
8.8
Operation indicator
3 Light Emitting Diodes internally powered.
16 character by 2 line Liquid Crystal Display (with backlight).
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
8.9
8.10
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 52 of 67
Communication port
Language
Courier
Transmission
Format
HDLC
Baud Rate
K-Bus Cable
1000m of cable.
K-Bus Loading
8.11
REF requirements
See Application section for details
8.12
8.12.1
8.12.2
8.12.3
8.13
Electrical environmental
8.13.1
8.13.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
8.13.3
8.13.4
8.13.5
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 53 of 67
(2kV, 5kHz)
Level 3
(2kV, 5kHz)
Level 2
(4kV)
Average (dBV)
0.15 to 0.50
79
66
0.50 to 30
73
60
30 to 230
30
230 to 1000
37
Level/Class
Modulation
20 to 1000MHz*
1.7 to 1.9GHz#
1kHz, 80% AM
Keyed Carrier 50% duty
cycle, 200Hz prf.
Level/Class
Modulation
0.15 to 80MHz
10Vrms, Level 3
1kHz 80% AM
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
8.13.9
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 54 of 67
EMC Compliance
Compliance to the European Commission Directive 89/336/EEC on EMC is
claimed via the Technical Construction File route.
Atmospheric environmental
8.14.1
8.14.2
8.14.3
8.15
Mechanical environmental
8.15.1
8.15.2
8.15.3
8.15.4
135Hz
Mechanical durability
Loaded contact
Unloaded contact
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
8.16
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 55 of 67
Model numbers
Configuration (i.e. settings as supplied)
and connection diagram (Sheet. No. varies
with external connection arrangement).
KBCH140 CO CS RTG A
Issue
Rating
Case details
} Mechanical assembly
Relay Type
KBCH 1XX
0
First Version
2
3
4
inrush proof
current operated
biased differential
K-Series Midos
01
Standard configuration
French text
German text
Spanish text
Vx = 24 125V ac/dc
Vx = 48 250V ac/dc
CO
CS
RTG
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 9.
9.1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 56 of 67
PROBLEM SOLVING
9.2
Protection settings
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.3
9.3.1
Alarms
If the watchdog relay operates, first check that the relay is energized from the
auxiliary supply. If it is, then try to determine the cause of the problem by
examining the alarm flags towards the bottom of the SYSTEM DATA column of the
menu. This will not be possible if the display is not responding to key presses.
Having attempted to determine the cause of the alarm it may be possible to return
the relay to an operable state by resetting it. To do this, remove the auxiliary
power supply for 10 seconds, or so, possibly by withdrawing the module from its
case. Then re-establish the supplies and the relay should in most cases return to an
operating state.
Recheck the alarm status if the alarm led is still indicating an alarm state. The
following notes will give further guidance.
Watchdog alarm
The watchdog relay will pick-up when the relay is operational to indicate an
healthy state, with its make contact closed. When an alarm condition that
requires some action to be taken is detected the watchdog relay resets and its
break contact will close to give an alarm.
Note: The green led will usually follow the operation of the watchdog relay.
There is no shorting contact across the case terminals connected to the break
contact of the watchdog relay. Therefore, the indication for a failed/healthy relay
will be cancelled when the relay is removed from its case.
If the relay is still functioning, the actual problem causing the alarm can be found
from the alarm records in the SYSTEM DATA column of the menu (see Section
2.12).
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
9.3.2
9.3.3
9.3.4
9.3.5
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 57 of 67
9.4
Records
9.4.1
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R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 58 of 67
Any spare opto-inputs may be used to log changes of state of external contacts in
the event record buffer of the relay. The opto-input does not have to be assigned
to a particular function in order to achieve this.
The oldest event is overwritten by the next event to be stored when the buffer
becomes full.
9.4.2
9.5
Communications
Address cannot be automatically allocated if the remote change of setting has
been inhibited by function link SD0. This must be first set to 1, alternatively the
address must be entered manually via the user interface on the relay.
Address cannot be allocated automatically unless the address is first manually set
to 0. This can also be achieved by a global command including the serial number
of the relay.
9.5.1
9.5.2
Relay address set to 255, the global address for which no replies are permitted.
Measured values do not change
Values in the MEASUREMENTS(1) column are snap shots of the values at the time
they were requested. To obtain a value that varies with the measured quantity it
should be added to the poll list as described in the communication manual.
Relay no longer responding
Check if other relays that are further along the bus are responding and if so
power down the relay for 10 seconds and then re-energize to reset the
communication processor. This should not be necessary as the reset operation
occurs automatically when the relay detects a loss of communication.
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If relays further along the bus are not communicating, check to find out which are
responding towards the Master Station. If some are responding then the position
of the break in the bus can be determined by deduction. If none are responding
then check for data on the bus or reset the communication port driving the bus
with requests.
9.5.3
Check there are not two relays with the same address on the bus.
No response to remote control commands
Check that the relay is not inhibited from responding to remote commands by
observing the system data function link settings. If so reset as necessary; a
password will be required.
System data function links cannot be set over the communication link if the remote
change of settings has been inhibited by setting system data function link SD0 to
0. Reset SD0 to 1 manually via the user interface on the relay first.
9.6
9.6.1
10.1
10.1.1
10.1.2
10.1.3
Remote testing
K-Series Midos relays are self-supervising and so require less maintenance than
earlier designs of relay. Most problems will result in an alarm so that remedial
action can be taken. However, some periodic tests could be done to ensure that
the relay is functioning correctly. If the relay can be communicated with from a
remote point, via its serial port, then some testing can be carried out without
actually visiting the site.
Alarms
The alarm status led should first be checked to identify if any alarm conditions
exist. The alarm records can then be read to identify the nature of any alarm that
may exist.
Measurement accuracy
The values measured by the relay can be compared with known system values to
check that they are in the approximate range that is expected. If they are, then the
analogue/digital conversion and calculations are being performed correctly.
Trip test
A trip test can be performed remotely by using the options under the TEST/
CONTROL column in the menu.
Note: These are password protected cells
If a failure to trip occurs the relay status word can be viewed, whilst the test is
repeated, to check that the output relay is being commanded to operate.
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10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.2.4
Local testing
When testing locally, similar tests may be carried out to check for correct
functioning of the relay.
Alarms
The alarm status led should first be checked to identify if any alarm conditions
exist. The alarm records can then be read to identify the nature of any alarm that
may exist.
Measurement accuracy
The values measured by the relay can be checked against own values injected
into the relay via the test block, if fitted, or injected directly into the relay terminals.
Suitable test methods will be found in the section of this manual dealing with
commissioning. These tests will prove the calibration accuracy is being
maintained.
Trip test
A trip test can be performed remotely by using the options under the TEST/
CONTROL column in the menu.
Note: These are password protected cells
If an output relay is found to have failed, an alternative relay can be reallocated
until such time as a replacement can be fitted. See Section 5.2.8 for how to set
relay masks.
Additional tests
Additional tests can be selected from the Commissioning Instructions as required.
10.3
Method of repair
10.3.1
Please read the handling instructions in Section 1 before proceeding with this
work. This will ensure that no further damage is caused by incorrect handling of
the electronic components. Refer to Figure 2-1 in section 2 for the module layout.
Replacing the user interface board
Withdraw the module from its case.
Remove the six screws on the front plate.
Remove the front plate.
Lever the top edge of the user interface board forwards to unclip it from its
mounting.
Then pull the pcb upwards to unplug it from the connector at its lower edge.
Replace with a new interface board and assemble in the reverse order.
10.3.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
10.3.3
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 61 of 67
10.3.4
10.3.5
10.3.6
10.3.7
Remove the two securing screws that hold the DSP board in place.
Remove the two screws at the rear of the module which secure the screening
plate between the power supply and DSP board.
Unplug the pcb from the front bus as described for the processor board and
withdraw.
Replace in the reverse of this sequence, making sure that the screen plate is
replaced with all four screws securing it.
Replacing the analogue input board
It is not recommended to remove this board.
Replacing output relays and opto-isolators
These are located on the main microprocessor board and on the DSP board. To
replace remove these boards as detailed above. They are replaced in the reverse
order. Calibration is not usually required when a pcb is replaced unless either of
the two boards that plug directly on to the left hand terminal block are replaced,
as these directly affect the calibration.
Note that this pcb is a through hole plated board and care must be taken not to
damage it when removing a relay for replacement, otherwise solder may not flow
through the hole and make a good connection to the tracks on the component side
of the pcb.
Replacing the power supply board
Remove the two screws securing the centre terminal block to the top plate of
the module.
Remove the two screws securing the centre terminal block to the bottom plate
of the module.
Remove the two screws securing the back plane to the metalwork.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 62 of 67
10.4
Recalibration
Whilst recalibration is not usually necessary it is possible to carry it out on site, but
it requires test equipment with suitable accuracy and a special calibration
program to run on a PC. This work is not within the capabilities of most engineers
and it is recommended that the work is carried out by an authorized agency.
After calibration the relay will need to have all the settings required for the
application re-entered and so it is useful if a copy of the settings is available on a
floppy disk. Although this is not essential it can reduce the down time of the
system.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 63 of 67
Set
Reset
S1
Id>
RLY Aux0
INP Aux0
&
t100ms
t
Aux0
RLY Aux1
INP Aux1
t
0
Aux1
5th Harmonic
tOF
S9
RLY Aux2
INP Aux2
RLY Trip OF Alarm
t
Aux2
RLY Aux3
INP Aux3
Id>>
Set
Reset
S2
Aux3
RLY Aux4
INP Aux4
&
t100ms
t
Aux4
RLY Aux5
INP Aux5
0
1
S3
Set
Reset
Io> HV
Aux5
RLY Aux6
INP Aux6
&
t100ms
t
Aux6
RLY Aux7
INP Aux7
t
0
1
S4
Set
Reset
Io> LV
Aux7
SD3
0
&
t100ms
Select
alternative
setting GRP2
Remote change 1
SD4
1
Remote change 2
Reset
set
RLY Tap Up
0
1
S5
Set
Reset
Io> LV2
&
SD1
1
0
Remote change 1
t TapUp
Remote change 2
t TapDown
t100ms
RLY Test
Relay Test
&
S7
tV/f
Trip
V/f OF Trip
Set
Reset
&
t100ms
&
S8
tV/f
Alarm
V/f OF Alarm
Set
Reset
&
Figure 11-1
t100ms
t TEST
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 64 of 67
P2
S1
P2
S2
HV
P1
S2
LV
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
KBCH 120
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
c
RL2
1
64
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
17
18
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
21
22
79
80
23
24
51
52
81
82
25
26
53
54
83
84
27
28
55
56
SCN
36
Trip
40
Trip
RL3
44
Trip
29
RL4
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
Trip
42
18
65
32
38
17
63
Relay failed
34
RL1
57
5
30
Relay healthy
31
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
Case earth
SCN
53
55
Notes:
1. (a)
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
P1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 65 of 67
P2
P2
S1
S2
HV
P1
S2
LV1
S1
A
B
C
LV2
P2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
LV2 lo> (see Figure 12.4)
KBCH 130
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
c
RL2
1
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
17
18
43
44
75
76
77
78
21
22
79
80
23
24
81
82
25
26
83
84
27
28
36
RL3
RL4
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
40
44
Trip
Trip
31
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
53
55
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
Case earth
K-Bus communications port
SCN
Notes:
1. (a)
Trip
29
47
Trip
42
18
45
SCN
32
38
17
63
Relay failed
34
RL1
57
5
30
Relay healthy
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 66 of 67
P2
HV
P1
S2
LV1
S1
A
B
C
P1
P2
S1
P2
LV2
P1
S2
S2
S1
P2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
LV2 lo> (see Figure 12.4)
KBCH 140
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
c
RL2
1
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
17
18
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
21
22
79
80
23
24
51
52
81
82
25
26
53
54
83
84
27
28
55
56
SCN
Trip
36
Trip
40
Trip
42
RL3
18
71
32
38
17
63
Relay failed
34
RL1
57
5
30
Relay healthy
44
Trip
29
RL4
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
31
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
Case earth
SCN
53
55
Notes:
1. (a)
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
P1
P2
S1
R8530 C
Chapter 1
Page 67 of 67
P2
S2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
P2
P1
S2
S1
See
Note 2
See Note 1
RS
See
Note 2
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
RS
See
Note 1
KBCH 120
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
Notes:
1.
See Service Manual R8530 for the setting of the external stabilising resistor.
2.
Chapter 2
Application
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Contents
Page 1 of 2
CONTENTS
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
INTRODUCTION
Protection of transformers
KBCH Protection relay
Protection features
Non protection features
1
1
4
4
5
2.0
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.4.1
2.3.4.2
2.3.4.3
2.3.4.4
2.3.4.5
2.3.4.6
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.4.5
5
5
6
8
10
14
15
16
16
18
20
20
21
21
21
22
22
22
23
23
23
24
24
25
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
26
26
27
28
28
29
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.4
31
31
32
33
33
34
35
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
APPENDIX A
Transformer connection referencing system
APPENDIX B
Zero sequence current filtering worked examples.
APPENDIX C
Setting examples.
APPENDIX D
Restricted earth fault setting example.
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Contents
Page 2 of 2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 1 of 35
Section 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
Protection of transformers
The development of modern power systems has been reflected in the advances in
transformer design. This has resulted in a wide range of transformers with sizes
from a few kVA to several hundred MVA being available for use in a wide variety
of applications.
The considerations for a transformer protection package vary with the application
and importance of the transformer. To reduce the effects of thermal stress and
electrodynamic forces it is advisable for the overall protection package to
minimise the time that a fault is present within a transformer.
On smaller distribution transformers effective and economically justifiable
protection can be achieved by using either fuse protection or IDMT/instantaneous
overcurrent relays. Due to the requirements of co-ordination with the down stream
power system protection this results in time delayed fault clearance for some low
level faults. Time delayed clearance of major faults is unacceptable on larger
distribution, transmission and generator transformers, where the effects on system
operation and stability must be considered. High speed protection is desirable for
all faults.
Transformer faults are generally classified into four categories :
Winding and Terminal faults
Core faults
Abnormal operating conditions such as over voltage, overfluxing and overload
Sustained or uncleared external faults
All of the above conditions must be considered individually and the transformer
protection package designed accordingly.
To provide effective protection for faults within a transformer and security for
normal operation and external faults, the design and application of transformer
protection must consider factors such as :
Magnetising Inrush current
Winding arrangements
Winding connections
Connection of protection secondary circuits
The way that the protection of larger transformers is typically achieved is best
illustrated by examining the protective devices associated with common
applications.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 2 of 35
WT
OT
51
50N
51N
ICT
64
87
WT
B
OT
64
87
51N
50N
51
24
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Winding Temp'
Buchholz
Oil Temp'
REF
Biased Diff'
Standby E/F
Inst' earth fault
IDMT overcurrent
Overfluxing relay
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 3 of 35
Sustained external LV faults are cleared by the IDMT overcurrent protection on the
HV winding (51) or by the standby earth fault relay (51N) in the transformer earth
connection. The extent of backup protection employed will vary according to the
transformer installation and application.
The protection scheme may be further enhanced by the use of other protective
devices associated with the transformer, such as the Buchholz, pressure relief and
winding temperature devices. These devices can act as another main protective
system for large transformers and they may also provide clearance for some faults
which might be difficult to detect by protection devices operating from line current
transformers, e.g. winding inter turn faults or core lamination faults. These devices
are connected to directly trip the breaker in addition to operating auxiliary relays
for flagging purposes.
WT
OT
64
24
51N
ICT
64
87
WT
B
OT
= Winding Temp'
= Buchholz
= Oil Temp'
64
87
51N
51
24
=
=
=
=
=
REF
Biased Diff'
Standby E/F
IDMT overcurrent
Overfluxing relay
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 4 of 35
Where a delta tertiary winding is present the tertiary winding will not be protected
by the high impedance protection for the main windings. Protection of all
windings can be offered by a biased differential relay such as the KBCH, this is
further discussed in section 3.3.
1.2
1.2.1
Protection Features
The protection features offered by the KBCH are listed below :
Biased differential protection
Restricted earth fault protection for individual transformer windings
Overfluxing protection
Instantaneous high set operation
Magnetising inrush restraint
5th Harmonic Overfluxing blocking
8 opto-isolated inputs for alarm/trip indication of external devices
The biased differential element has a dual slope bias characteristic to ensure
sensitivity, with load current, to internal faults and stability under heavy through
fault conditions.
The differential element is blocked for magnetising inrush conditions by utilising
the waveform gap detection technique successfully employed in the MBCH relay.
In addition, the differential element can be optionally blocked under transient
overfluxing conditions by a 5th Harmonic blocking feature. Reduced operating
times for heavy internal faults are achieved by the use of a differential
instantaneous high set element.
Restricted earth fault protection, based upon the high impedance stability
principle, is available for each transformer winding, to offer increased sensitivity
to low-level winding earth faults.
The V/f overfluxing element provides protection against damage that may result
from prolonged overfluxing. Independent alarm and trip characteristics are
provided to enable corrective action to be undertaken prior to tripping being
initiated.
Use of the eight available opto isolators as trip repeat and alarm paths for other
transformer protection devices, (Buchholz, Oil pressure, winding temperature etc.,)
allows operation of these devices to be event-logged. Interrogation of the relay
fault, event and disturbance records offers an overall picture of an event or fault,
of the transformer protection performance and sequences of operation.
All models of the KBCH are three phase units with internal phase compensation,
C.T ratio correction and zero sequence filtering, thus eliminating the need for
external interposing transformers in virtually all applications. Up to four biased
inputs can be provided to cater for power transformers with more than two
windings and/or more than one set of C.Ts associated with each winding, e.g. in
mesh or one-and-a-half circuit breaker substation arrangements.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 5 of 35
The variety of protective functions offered by the KBCH makes it ideal not only for
the protection of power transformers but also for a variety of applications where
biased differential or high impedance protection is commonly applied, these
include
Overall Generator/Transformer protection
Generators
Reactors
1.2.2
Section 2.
2.1
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 6 of 35
Within the KBCH, software interposing CTs (ICTs) are provided where the same
setting criteria apply. The advantage of having replica interposing CTs in
software is that it gives the KBCH the flexibility to cater for line CTs connected in
either star or delta as well as being able to compensate for a variety of system
earthing arrangements.
2.1.1
Biased elements
The number of biased differential inputs required for an application depends upon
the transformer and its primary connections. It is recommended that, where ever
possible, a set of biased CT inputs is used per set of current transformers.
There are three basic models of the KBCH relay;
KBCH120 :- Two biased differential inputs
KBCH130 :- Two or Three biased differential inputs
KBCH140 :- Two, Three or Four biased differential inputs
Where a KBCH 140/130 is chosen they can be programmed to provide 2,3,4
and 2 or 3 biased windings respectively.
Versions of the KBCH120 and KBCH140 are available with 1A HV CT inputs and
5A LV CT inputs for applications where the CTs either side of a transformer are
of different secondary ratings.
Table 1 shows the variety of connections which can be catered for by the range of
KBCH relays.
Menu setting
No. of biased
inputs
Configuration
HV
HV+LV
KBCH120/130/140
LV
HV+LV1+LV2
HV(x2)+LV
HV
LV1
LV2
KBCH130/140
HV
KBCH130/140**
LV
HV
HV+LV(x2)
HV(x2)+LV1+LV2
KBCH130/140
LV
HV
LV1
LV2
Only KBCH140
LV2
Only KBCH140**
HV
HV+LV1(x2)+LV2
LV1
HV
HV(x2)+LV(x2)
LV
Only KBCH140
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 7 of 35
To ensure that the KBCH looks at the currents into the transformer windings for
instrumentation and differential purposes it is important that the correct
configuration is chosen on the KBCH relay menu. When applied to a three
winding transformer [HV + LV1 + LV2] should be chosen, whereas for a two
winding transformer with a requirement for three biased inputs either HV(x2) +LV
or HV + (LVx2) should be chosen.
The KBCH relay achieves stability for through faults in two ways, both of which
are essential for correct relay operation. The first consideration is the correct
sizing of the current transformers as described in Chapter 4, the second is by
providing a relay bias characteristic as shown in Fig 3.
2
Operate
Slope
80%
Restrain
Setting range
(0.1 - 0.5In)
Slope
20%
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 8 of 35
The initial bias slope, from zero up to rated current, is fixed at 20% to ensure
sensitivity to internal faults up to load current. This allows for the 15% mismatch
which can occur at the limit of the transformers tap-changer range and an
additional 5% for any C.T ratio errors. The slope is then increased to 80% for bias
currents above rated current. This ensures stability under heavy through fault
conditions which could lead to increased differential current due to asymmetric
saturation of C.Ts.
No adjustment of the bias slopes is provided.
When protecting generators and other items of plant, where shunt magnetising
current is not present, a lower differential setting can be used and 0.1In would be
more typical.
The biased low-set differential protection is blocked under magnetising inrush
conditions and optionally during transient over fluxing conditions on a per phase
basis.
2.1.2
Ratio correction
To ensure correct operation of the differential element it is important that under
load and through fault conditions the currents into the differential element of the
relay balance. In many cases, the HV and LV current transformer primary ratings
will not exactly match the transformer winding rated currents. Ratio correction
factors are therefore provided. The C.T ratio correction factors are applied to
ensure that the signals to the differential algorithm are correct. A ratio correction
factor is provided which is adjustable from 0.05 to 2.0 in steps of 0.01, for each
set of C.T inputs. This range should be adequate for virtually all applications.
To provide instrumentation in primary quantities, the main current transformer
ratios can be entered in the locations HV C.T ratio, LV1 CT ratio and LV2 C.T
ratio in the settings column. The appropriate number of C.T ratios will appear
dependant upon the number of in-service biased inputs selected.
Alternatively the C.T ratio can be set to 1:1, so that all currents shown on the relay
menu will appear as secondary values.
To minimise unbalance due to tap changer operation, current inputs to the
differential element should be matched for the mid-tap position.
The C.T ratio correction factors are found in the settings column of the KBCH
menu. Their use is best illustrated with an example.
Example 1.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 9 of 35
Dyn1
20MVA 33/11kV
400/1
1500/1
1050A
-30
350A
0
0.875A 0
0.7A
-30
KBCH Relay
Yy0
Software ICT
Differential 0
element 1A
1A
Yd11
Software ICT
20 MVA
33kV
= 350 Amps
20 MVA
11kV
= 1050 Amps
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.1.3
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 10 of 35
Ydy6 (+180deg).
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 11 of 35
- 30
- 30
KBCH Relay
Yd1
Yy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
- 30
Software ICT
- 30
Figure 5.
The transformer connection shows that the delta connected low voltage line current
lags the high voltage line current by 30 (-30 phase shift). To ensure that this
phase shift does not create a differential current, the same phase shift must be
introduced in the secondary circuit. The HV software interposing C.T is effectively
a winding replica of the main power transformer. It not only provides a -30
phase shift, but also performs the necessary function of filtering out any HV zero
sequence current component.
The KBCH has internal zero sequence traps which are selected by the correct
selection of software interposing CTs (ICTs) ( see table 2).
Dyn1
Dyn1
- 30
- 30
- 30
- 30
KBCH Relay
Yd1
Differential
element
Software ICT
- 30
KBCH Relay
Yy0
Yy0
Software ICT
Software ICT
- 30
Differential
element
0
Yd11
Software ICT
Figure 6 shows an application of the KBCH where the required phase shift has
been provided by selecting a Yd1 software interposing current transformer on the
HV side. Although phase correction is provided, instability would exist for an LV
earth fault as no LV zero sequence filtering is present. Figure 7 shows the correct
application of the software ICTs, where the required phase shift and zero
sequence compensation is provided by the selection of Yd11 software ICTs.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 12 of 35
Further examples for applying zero sequence current filtering in KBCH are given
in Appendix 2.
Example 2. Transformer connection Dyn1yn11
Dyn1yn11
- 30
LV1
0
+ 30
LV2
+ 30
- 30
KBCH Relay
Yd1
Software ICT
Yy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
Yd11
Software ICT
Dd10
0
+ 60
+ 60
KBCH Relay
Yd11
Software ICT
+ 30
Differential
element + 30
Yd1
Software ICT
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 13 of 35
Dd0
Yy0
Dz0
Dy1
Transformer
Phase Shift
Phase Compensation
Factor (Relay Setting)
HV
LV
Y(d)y0
Y(d)y0
-30
Yy0
Yd11
Yd1
Yz1
-30
Ydl
Y(d)y0
Dd2
Dz2
-60
Yd1
Yd11
Dd4
Dz4
-120
Yd11
Yd7
-150
Yy0
Yd7
-150
Yd5
Y(d)y0
180
Y(d)y0
Y(d)y6
+150
Yy0
Yd5
Dy5
Yd5
Yz5
Dd6
Yy6
Dy7
Dz6
Yd7
Yz7
+150
Yd7
Y(d)y0
Dd8
Dz8
+120
Yd7
Yd11
+90
Yd9
Y(d)0
+60
Yd11
Yd1
+30
Yy0
Yd1
+30
Yd11
Y(d)y0
Yd9
Dd10
Dz10
Dy11
Yd11
Yz11
Table 2
Table 2 indicates the phase shifts associated with a variety of transformers as well
as the suggested phase compensation factors to be employed on KBCH. This
assumes that the line current transformers are star connected. The required phase
shifts can be achieved using alternative correction factors if desired.
Where an in-zone earthing connection is provided, and no phase shift
compensation is necessary with the chosen software ICT, the required zero
sequence filtering is provided by selection of a software delta tertiary winding (d)
as indicated in table 2.
In some applications the line current transformers are connected in Delta to
provide the required phase compensation and a zero sequence trap. If this is the
case, and if the phase correction is correct, both the HV and LV phase
compensation factors on the KBCH can be set to give a 0 phase shift i.e. Yy0
setting on the relay.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.1.4
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 14 of 35
Magnetising inrush
The magnetising inrush phenomenon is associated with a transformer winding
which is being energised where no balancing current is present in the other
winding(s). This current appears as a large operating signal for the differential
protection. Special measures are taken with the relay design to ensure that no
mal-operation occurs during inrush.
The wave form gap detection method which has been successfully implemented
within the MBCH transformer differential relay, and which has gained many relay
years of service experience is the basis for KBCH inrush restraint.
Flux
2F
Magnetising current, Ie
+F
m
Im
Steady state
- F
m
2F
Im
m
F
V
Figure 11.
Switch on at voltage
zero - No residual flux
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 15 of 35
Under normal steady state conditions, the magnetising current associated with the
operating flux level is relatively small (usually less than 1% of rated current).
However, if a transformer winding is energised at a voltage zero, with no remnant
flux, the flux level during the first voltage cycle (2 x normal max flux) will result in
core saturation and in a high, non-sinusoidal magnetising current waveform. This
current is commonly referred to as magnetising inrush current and may persist for
several cycles.
The magnitude and duration of magnetising inrush current waveforms are
dependant upon a number of factors such as transformer design, size, system fault
level, point on wave of switching, number of banked transformers etc.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 16 of 35
2.3.1
Basic principles
The KBCH uses biased differential protection to provide fast clearance for faults
within the protected zone. The value of earth fault current, however, may be
limited by any impedance in the earth path or by the percentage of the winding
involved in the fault. The KBCH offers a restricted earth fault element for each
winding of the protected transformer to provide greater sensitivity for earth faults
which will not change with load current.
The levels of fault current available for relay measurement are illustrated in figures
13 and 14. If an earth fault is considered on an impedance earthed star winding
of a Dyn transformer (Fig 13), the value of current flowing in the fault (If) will be
dependant upon two factors. These are the value of earthing impedance and the
fault point voltage, which is governed by the fault location. The value of fault
current (If) is directly proportional to the location of the fault. A restricted earth
fault element (64) is connected to measure If directly, to provide more sensitive
earth fault protection. The overall differential protection is less sensitive, since it
only measures the HV current Is. The value of Is is limited by the number of faulted
secondary turns in relation to the HV turns.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 17 of 35
87
87
If
If
Source
Source
Is
Is
If
If
64
64
1.0
10
I
Current
(x full load)
Current
(x full load)
IS
0.2
IS
0.2
0.2
1.0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
If a fault on a solidly earthed star winding (Fig 14) is considered, the fault current
is limited by the leakage reactance of the winding, any impedance in the fault and
by the fault point voltage. The value of fault current varies in a complex manner
with fault location. As in the case of the impedance earthed transformer, the
value of current available as an overall differential protection operating quantity is
limited. More sensitive earth fault protection is provided by a restricted earth fault
relay (64), which is arranged to measure If directly. Although more sensitive
protection is provided by REF, the operating current for the overall differential
protection is still significant for faults over most of the winding. For this reason,
independent REF protection may not have previously been considered necessary
for a solidly earthed winding; especially where an additional relay would have
been required. With the KBCH, the REF protection is available at no extra cost if
a neutral CT is available.
Restricted earth fault protection is also commonly applied to Delta windings of
large power transformers, to improve the operating speed and sensitivity of the
protection package to winding earth faults. When applied to a Delta winding this
protection is commonly referred to as balanced earth fault protection. It is
inherently restricted in its zone of operation when it is stabilised for C.T spill
current during inrush or during phase faults. The value of fault current flowing will
again be dependant upon system earthing arrangements and the fault point
voltage.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 18 of 35
The application of the KBCH Restricted Earth Fault (REF) elements is based on the
high impedance differential principle, offering stability for any type of fault
occurring outside the protected zone, but operation for earth faults within the
zone.
Rl
Rl
If(prim)
Rct
If(prim)
Rl
R stab'
64
Rl
Stability requirements
The RMS voltage seen across an infinite impedance relay differential circuit for an
external fault, with one CT totally saturated and with the other CT(s) totally
unsaturated, is given by equation (1). This assumed state of CTs has been the
traditional basis for high impedance protection stability calculations.
Vr = If(Rct + 2Rl + RB)
(1)
Where:
Vr
If
Rct
Rl
RB
For a relay element which is sharply tuned to operate with fundamental frequency
current, the stability of the differential protection scheme for an external fault has
been, shown by conjunctive tests, to be a function of the RMS differential voltage,
given by equation (1).
To achieve through fault stability, the differential relay operating voltage must be
increased by adding a stabilising resistor to the relay circuit, as given by equation
(2). By increasing the impedance of the relay circuit, most of the spill current
resulting from asymmetric CT saturation will be forced to flow through the
relatively low impedance of the saturated CT circuit, rather than through the relay
circuit. The differential operating voltage required for stability is usually known as
the stability voltage setting of the protection
Vs = Is.Rs
(2)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 19 of 35
Where:
Vs
Is
Rs
Stabilising resistance
In equation (2), the resistance of the relay element itself has been ignored, since
the resistance of a modern electronic relay is much lower than the external
resistance required for through fault stability.
The general stability voltage requirement is described by equation (3), which
expresses the required stability voltage setting (VS) in relation to the relay
differential voltage that is given by equation (1) for an external fault. The
relationship is expressed in terms of a required stability factor (K).
Vs > K.If(Rct + 2Rl + RB)
(3)
The assumption that one CT is completely saturated for an external fault does not
describe what actually happens when asymmetric CT saturation occurs. The CT
that saturates will only saturate during parts of each current wave form cycle. This
means that the spill current wave form seen by the restricted earth fault element
will be highly non-sinusoidal. The sensitivity of the relay element to non-sinusoidal
spill wave forms for through faults will be a function of the relay element frequency
response, its operating speed, the differential voltage setting (Vs) and the wave
shapes.
Relay frequency response and operating speed are factors which are inherent to
the relay design. Spill current wave shapes will be related to the ratio of the CT
kneepoint voltage (Vk) to relay circuit impedance. The relay element current
setting (Is) will control its susceptibility to given levels of spill current let through the
relay circuit impedance (Rs). Since the relay circuit impedance and relay current
setting are factors which determine the stability voltage setting (Vs), it is the ratio
Vk/Vs which will govern the stability of the restricted earth fault protection for
through faults. This ratio, has an influence on the required K factor for stability.
The relationship between the ratio VK/VS and the required stability factor K has
been found to be of a general form for various relay designs that have undergone
conjunctive testing by GEC ALSTHOM. It is the absolute values of VK/VS and K
that vary in the relationship for different relay designs. Graph 1 displays the
relationship that has been found for KBCH restricted earth fault protection by
conjunctive testing.
For a selected VK/VS ratio, Figure 16 can be used to determine the required factor
K so that the stability voltage setting (VS) can be calculated. Some application
complication arises due to the fact that VS is derived by knowing the required
factor K and that the required factor K is dependent on VS, through the ratio
VK/VS. An iterative approach is required if the optimum factor K is to be identified
for a particular application (figure 17).
The approach with older electromechanical restricted earth fault relays was to use
a universally safe K factor of 1.0, but the older relays operated quickly with a
lower Vk/Vs ratio (Vk/Vs = 2.0). With more modern relays it is desirable to
identify the optimum K factor for stability, so that the required Vk/Vs ratio for
stability and operating speed will not make CT kneepoint voltage requirements
worse than traditional requirements.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 20 of 35
70
0.1
60
50
0.2
40
0.3
Av Op Times
30
0.4
UNSTABLE
0.5
20
K Factor
STABLE
0.6
0.7
10
0.8
0.9
0
1
0
5
Vk/Vs
10
Operating times
Having considered attaining stability of restricted earth fault protection for through
faults, the next performance factor to consider is the operating time for internal
faults.
The CT kneepoint voltage as a multiple of the protection stability voltage setting
(VK/VS) will govern the operating time of a differential relay element for heavy
internal faults with transiently offset fault current waveforms.
With the aid of the operating time curve derived for KBCH (figure 16), it is
possible to identify the ratio VK/VS that is required to achieve a desired average
operating speed for internal faults.
2.3.4
Setting procedure
To simplify the procedure for setting a KBCH restricted earth fault element the
following flow chart has been produced.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 21 of 35
Revise
Vk/Vs ratio
Select suitable
Vk/Vs ratio
& K factor
from figure 16
2.3.4.1
Calculate Vs
2.3.4.2
Calculate Vk,
required
2.3.4.3
Does
actual Vk,
equal
the value
above
2.3.4.4
Calculate Is,
Calculate Rs,
from formula 4
from formula 2
2.3.4.5
2.3.4.6
Check Metrosil
Requirements
from formula 5
2.3.4.7
VK/VS ratio
From the operating time curve (Figure 16), a minimum VK/VS ratio should be
selected to give satisfactory average internal fault operating times. It is
recommended that this ratio should be at least 4.0, to give average operating
times of two cycles for a 50Hz system.
2.3.4.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.3.4.4
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 22 of 35
Resistance earthed system :- 10 - 25% minimum earth fault current for fault at the
transformer terminals.
The primary operating current (Ip), in secondary terms, is a function of the C.T
ratio, the relay operating current (Is), the number of C.Ts in parallel with the relay
element (n), and the magnetising current of each C.T (Ie) at the stability voltage
(Vs).
Ip = C.T ratio x ( Is + nIe )
The required relay current setting (IS) can be determined by equation (4).
IS < {IOP/(CT ratio)} - n.Ie
2.3.4.5
(4)
2.3.4.6
Metrosil assessment
For applications where the maximum internal earth fault level is higher than the
though fault current used to derive the required stability voltage setting, a check
should be made on the peak voltage that might be produced for an internal earth
fault, using the traditional formula below. If this voltage to exceeds 3kV peak, a
voltage-limiting non-linear resistor (Metrosil) should be applied in parallel with the
restricted earth fault relay and stabilising resistor circuit. This requirement should
only arise with some applications of restricted earth fault protection for the primary
winding of a power transformer on a multiple-earthed system
The peak voltage can be estimated by using the formula below.
Vp = 2 2 Vk (Vf - Vk)
Where ;
(5)
Vf = If (Rct+2Rl+Rs)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 23 of 35
The required metrosil for 1Amp relay applications can be chosen as follows,
For stability voltage settings 0 - 125Volts, C = 450
For stability voltage settings
>125Volts, C = 900
For 5Amp applications GEC Alsthom T&D P&C Ltd should be consulted.
2.4
2.4.1
Basic principles
The KBCH relay offers an overfluxing protection element which can be used to
raise an alarm or initiate tripping in the event of prolonged periods of
transformer overfluxing. In addition, a differential current 5th harmonic blocking
feature is also provided within the KBCH, which can be used to prevent possible
mal-operation of the differential element under transient overfluxing conditions.
To make use of the time delayed overfluxing protection, the KBCH relay must be
supplied with a voltage signal which is representative of the primary system
voltage on the source side of the transformer. The 5th harmonic blocking feature
does not require a voltage signal. A 5th harmonic signal is derived from the
differential current wave form on each phase and blocking is on a per phase
basis.
2.4.2
Transformer overfluxing
Transformer overfluxing might arise for the following reasons:
system
The initial effects of overfluxing will be to increase the magnetising current for a
transformer. This current will be seen as a differential current. If it reaches a
high level without a waveshape which would cause operation of the inrush
blocking system, there would be a risk of differential protection tripping.
Persistent overfluxing may result in thermal damage or degradation of a
transformer as a result of heating caused by eddy currents that may be induced
in non-laminated metalwork of a transformer. The flux levels in such regions
would normally be low, but excessive flux may be passed during overfluxed
operation of a transformer.
The following protection strategy is proposed to address potential overfluxing
conditions :
Maintain protection stability during transient overfluxing
Ensure tripping for persistent overfluxing
In most applications, the recommended minimum differential trip threshold for
KBCH, its filtering action and possible operation of the inrush detector will ensure
stability of the differential element. If more difficult situations exist, the KBCH
relay is offered with a 5th harmonic differential current blocking facility. This
facility could be applied with some study of the particular problem.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 24 of 35
To ensure tripping for persistent overfluxing, due to high system voltage or low
system frequency, the KBCH is provided with time delayed Volts per Hertz
protection. Where there is any risk of persistent geomagnetic overfluxing, with
normal system voltage and frequency, the 5th harmonic differential current facility
could be used to initiate tripping after a long time delay.
2.4.3
1000
Operating
time (s)
t = 0.8 + 0.18 x K
(M - 1) 2
100
K = 63
K = 40
K = 20
10
K=5
K=1
1
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
M=
1.4
1.5
1.6
V f
Setting
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 25 of 35
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 3
3.1
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 26 of 35
RLY Aux0
INP Aux0
Aux0
RLY Aux1
INP Aux1
Aux1
RLY Aux2
INP Aux2
Aux2
RLY Aux3
INP Aux3
Aux3
RLY Aux4
INP Aux4
Aux4
RLY Aux5
INP Aux5
Aux5
RLY Aux6
INP Aux6
Aux6
RLY Aux7
INP Aux7
Aux7
Figure 19.
Buchholz protection could be connected in a protection scheme with a KBCH relay.
The Buchholz alarm (gas) contact could energise an opto input which is
programmed to operate one of the auxiliary timer paths. Operation of the opto
input will be logged as an event in the relays event record. A replacement alarm
output contact can be provided, if required, by using the follower elements output
relay mask. The timer could be set to zero.
Since the Buchholz relay provides independent protection it should be able to
initiate tripping independently of the KBCH. This means that the Buchholz trip
(surge) contact should be wired to trip the transformer circuit breaker(s) directly or
via a separate auxiliary relay. Where Buchholz trip operation is to be eventlogged by KBCH, the auxiliary relay approach can be adopted so that a volt free
contact will be available for KBCH opto control. Alternatively, a group of opto
isolators could be fed from the protection auxiliary supply, rather than the 48V field
voltage of the relay, as long as suitable series resistors are used (see below Figure 20).
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 27 of 35
With this approach the Buchholz surge contact could initiate breaker tripping
directly, through a suitable diode, as well as through the KBCH auxiliary path (see
Figure 20)
Breaker
Trip coil
Buch' surge
Winding Temp'
KBCH
Dropping Resistor
Aux 0
Dropping Resistor
Aux 1
Aux 2
Other Opto's
48V Field
Supply
A label area is provided on the front of the relay where the function of each KBCH
auxiliary element can be described.
Other transformer ancillary protection or alarm devices, e.g. winding/oil
temperature, low oil level, pressure relief valves etc., may be connected in a
similar fashion to provide event record data. All ancillary trip paths should be
independent of the KBCH, as described for Buchholz protection.
3.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 28 of 35
RLY Tap Up
SD1
1
0
Remote change
TapUp
Remote change
TapDown
3.4
LGPG
KCGG
51N
51
50
KBCH
24
64
87
64 = REF
87 = Biased Diff'
51 = IDMT overcurrent
51N = Standby E/F
50 = Instantaneous o/c
24 = Overfluxing relay
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 29 of 35
87
UT
87
UT
87
GT
87
GT
23a
23b
K-Series schemes
The Midos K-range of relays offers integrated protection modules which cover
numerous applications - such as directional and non-directional overcurrent
protection, auto-reclose and check synchronising. In combination with the LGPG
integrated generator protection package, the KBCH transformer differential
protection offers a completely digital protection approach for generating plant as
well as for substations (fig 24).
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 30 of 35
KCGG
KBCH
LGPG
KCGG
KCGG
KCGG
KCGG KCGG
KBCH
LGPG
KITZ
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 4
4.1
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 31 of 35
Recommended settings
The following settings are recommended and are applied to the relay as default
settings. The relevant sections of the application notes should be cross referenced
prior to applying the settings ensuring they are correct for the application.
Setting Function links
Fn Links
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 11 0
Link 0 - Not used
Link 1 - Enable Id>
Link 2 - Enable Id>>
Link 3 - Enable Io>HV
Link 4 - Enable Io>LV1
Link 5 - Enable Io>LV2
Link 6 - Not used
Link 7 - Enable V/f Trip
Link 8 - Enable V/f Alarm
Link 9 - Enable OF Block
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
4.2
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 32 of 35
CT connection requirements
As with any protection relay the current transformer requirements have to be given
careful consideration. This consideration is particularly important when applying
differential relays, as the location of the C.Ts and their performance under
through fault conditions can have a significant affect on operation of the
protection.
The location of the C.Ts effectively defines the zone of operation of the protection
for both the differential element and for the restricted earth fault element. The
number of C.Ts required is dependant upon the transformer configuration as
shown in figure 26.
3 Phase 3 wire
Delta winding
Rs
KBCH
Alt 3 phase 4 wire
3 Phase 4 wire
Metrosil
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 33 of 35
To ensure that the quoted operating times and through fault stability limits are met
the ratio of VkA/RtotA : VkB/RtotB ,at biased inputs either side of the protected
impedance, should not exceed a maximum disparity ratio of 3 : 1. This ensures
that during a through fault condition the flux density in the current transformers is
not greatly different.
Where ; VkA
4.3
VkB
RtotB
C.T Requirements
When deciding upon the current transformer requirements for the KBCH three
factors must be taken into account;
The C.Ts must meet the minimum requirements for relay operation.
The C.Ts must meet the requirements for through fault stability of the differential
element.
The C.Ts must meet the requirements for operation and through fault stability of
the restricted earth fault element(s). ( see section 2.3.4.3 )
4.3.1
Minimum requirements
The knee point voltage of the C.T must meet with the requirements given in
sections 4.3.2 and 2.3.4.3 with a minimum value :
Star connected C.Ts
60
In
100
In
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
4.3.2
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 34 of 35
Transformers
Generators,
or
Generator transformers,
or
Block Differential
(Overall generator,
generator transformer
and unit/station transformer),
or
Motors,
or
Shunt reactors.
Series reactors,
or
Transformers connected to a
mesh corner with two sets of
C.Ts supplying separate
biased relay inputs.
Through fault
stability limit
X/R
If
Vk>24In[Rct+2R1+RB]
40
15In
Vk>24In[Rct+2R1+RB]
40
15In
Vk>48In[Rct+2R1+RB]
120
15In
Vk>24In[Rct+2R1+RB]
40
15In
40
40In
120
15In
Vk>48In[Rct+2R1+RB]
3 .In[Rct+ 2Rl].
The above current transformer requirements are based upon results of conjunctive
relay/C.T tests performed by GEC ALSTHOM with a heavy current test plant.
It may be necessary on occasions to use C.Ts where the requirements detailed
above for biased differential operation are not met. If this is the case the following
should be taken into account when modifying the C.T equation.
The degree of C.T saturation that could occur for a through fault will be dependant
upon the through fault current magnitude and the X/R ratio for the impedance
limiting the current (X/R ratio governing the rate of decay of any transient DC
component of current waveform). For a transformer differential application, the X/R
ratio will be moderate (less than 30) and the through fault current will be fairly high
(above 10In). For a generator differential application, the X/R ratio could be fairly
high (above 100) but the maximum through fault current could be fairly low (less
than 5In). It is more difficult to assure stability for a generator circuit application,
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Page 35 of 35
due to the fact that the bias current can be fairly small in magnitude compared to
the degree of C.T saturation that could occur in the presence of a transient DC
component with a slow rate of decay. This is why better CTs are required for
high X/R applications.
As can be seen, the KBCH C.T requirements are specific to two categories; one
for X/R ratios up to 40 (representative of transformer differential applications) and
the second for X/R ratios up to 120 (representative of generator circuit
applications). A reduction in the required C.T Vk requirements can not be
recommended on the basis of reduced through fault current for the reasons given
above. On the assumption that the level of CT saturation will be proportional to If
x X/R, the CT Vk factor for a generator circuit can be reduced from 48
depending on the actual X/R in proportion to 120. The following formula would
then apply :Vk > [24 + 24(X/R - 40)/(120 - 40)] . [Rct + 2R1]
4.4 Voltage transformer requirements
When using the V/f overfluxing protection element a voltage transformer signal is
required from the source side of the protected transformer; i.e. the side from which
the overfluxing condition may be imposed. To cover all applications, a phase to
phase connection is used. If phase to neutral volts were used there is a possibility
that fast IDMT V/f tripping times could occur due to voltage rises on healthy
phases during earth faults. With multiple earthed systems, the healthy phase to
neutral voltages are allowed to rise to 80% of the phase to phase voltage. This
means that the phase to neutral voltage could rise to 139% on healthy phases
during an earth fault.
The V.T input is rated 100 -120V A.C.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 2
Appendix A
Page 1 of 1
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 2
Appendix B
Page 1 of 2
+30
+30
KBCH Relay
Yy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
Yd1
0
Software ICT
The phase correction for the transformer is provided by the selection of the phase
correction factors ;
HV phase correction factor : Yy0
LV phase correction factor : Yd1
As can be seen, the delta winding introduced with the LV software interposing C.T
will provide the required zero sequence trap, as would have been the case if the
vector correction factor had been provided using an external interposing current
transformer.
If, in the above example, the line C.Ts on the LV side of the transformer are
connected in delta then the HV and LV software Interposing C.Ts could both be
set to Yy0, since the required phase shift and zero sequence trap is provided by
the line C.Ts.
Example 2 :- Transformer connection, YNd1 with in zone earthing transformer.
YNd1
0
-30
Z
-30
KBCH Relay
Yd1
Differential
element
Software ICT
-30
Ydy0
Software ICT
-30
The phase compensation for the transformer is chosen to compensate for the -30
phase shift across the transformer. Before setting the software interposing C.Ts
the earthing arrangements and the requirements for zero sequence traps must be
considered.
With the star point of the HV winding earthed there is a possibility that an external
HV earth fault could cause relay maloperation as a corresponding zero sequence
current would not flow in the LV C.Ts. This matter can be dealt with by selecting
a Yd1 HV software ICT, which also provides the required phase correction.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 2
Appendix B
Page 2 of 2
With the LV earthing transformer connected within the zone of protection, it is also
possible for an external earth fault on the LV side of the transformer to cause the
differential element to become unstable. A zero sequence trap is therefore also
required for the LV side of the transformer. This can be arranged by selecting a
Ydy0 LV software interposing current transformer to provide the required zero
sequence trap without adding any additional phase shift.
Example 3 :- Transformer connection YNyn0
YNyn0
0
KBCH Relay
Ydy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
Ydy0
Software ICT
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Appendix C
Page 1 of 3
Setting examples.
Example 1 :- Ratio compensation with tap changer.
When deciding upon the required ratio correction factors for the differential
element, checks should be made to ensure that the optimum differential setting has
been chosen.
For simplicity the following procedure can be followed : Calculate HV full load current at mid tap volts and LV full load current.
Adjust ratio compensation for In to relay on both sides at mid tap.
Calculate HV full load current at both tap extremities
Determine Idiff at both tap extremities (with mid tap correction).
Determine Ibias at both tap extremities (with mid tap correction).
Ibias = (IRHV + IRLV) / 2
Where IR = current to the relay after ratio compensation has been applied.
Determine relay operating current, Iop = Is + 0.2Ibias (Ibias < In)
Check Idiff < Iop by a 10% margin for each tap extremity and adjust Is as
necessary.
Calculate HV full load current at mid tap volts and LV full load current.
30/60MVA
ONAN/OFAF
132kV
300/1
+10% / -20%
19 Taps
33kV
YNd1
1200/1
- 30
1050A FLC
19 Ohms
- 30
0.875 Amps
KBCH120
1.003
Yd1
1.006
Ydy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
- 30
Software ICT
- 30
10% ( 20%)
= 1.67%
18
= (Tap No 10)
= 125.4kV
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Appendix C
Page 2 of 3
HV FLC on Tap 10 =
60 x 103
= 276A Primary = 276 x 1/300 A secondary
125.4 x 3
= 0.92A secondary
LV FLC =
60 x 103
= 1050A primary = 1050 x 1/1200A secondary
33 x 3
= 0.875A secondary
60 x 103
= 328A primary
132 x 0.8 x 3
= 328 x 1/300 Amp secondary
= 1.093A secondary
HV corrected current on tap 19 = 1.09 x 1.093 = 1.191 Amps
Determine Idiff at both extremities (with mid tap correction).
LV corrected current = 0.875 x 1.15 = 1.06 Amps
Idiff at tap 1 = 1.006 - 0.869 = 0.137A
Idiff at tap 19 = 1.191 - 1.006 = 0.185A
Determine Ibias at both extremities (with mid tap correction).
Ibias = (IRHV + IRLV) / 2
Bias current on tap 1 = (0.869 + 1.006) / 2 = 0.9375 Amps
Bias current on tap 19 = (1.191 + 1.006) / 2 = 1.0985 Amps
Determine relay operating current, Iop
Operating current at tap 1 with Ibias = 0.9375A, Is = 0.2
Iop = Is + 0.2Ibias = 0.2 + 0.2 x 0.9375 = 0.3875A
Operating current at tap 19 with Ibias = 1.0985A, Is = 0.2
Iop = Is + 0.2 + (Ibias -1.0) x 0.8 = 0.2 + 0.2 +(1.0985-1.0) x 0.8
= 0.4788A
Check Idiff < Iop by a 10% margin for each tap extremity and adjust Is as
necessary.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Appendix C
Page 3 of 3
Tap 1:- Since Idiff = 0.137A and 0.9Iop at tap 1 = 0.9 x 0.3875 = 0.349A
Therefore there is sufficient security with Is=0.2
Tap 19:- Since Idiff = 0.185A and 0.9Iop at tap 1 = 0.9 x 0.4788 = 0.431A
Therefore there is sufficient security with Is=0.2
Example 2 :- Ratio correction for a three winding transformer with no tap
changer.
30/60MVA
ONAN/OFAF
33kV
132kV
300/1
YNd1
+10% / -20%
19 Taps
1200/1
- 30
1050A FLC
19 Ohms
- 30
0.875 Amps
KBCH120
1.003
Yd1
1.006
Ydy0
Differential
element
Software ICT
- 30
Software ICT
- 30
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Appendix D
Page 1 of 2
10 MVA
10% imp'
11kV
33kV
600/1
Rl
Rct
Rl
Rl
R stab'
600/1
64
6.3 ohms
Rl
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 C
Chapter 2
Appendix D
Page 2 of 2
where
V p = 2 2V k (V f
V k)
If:
where
As the earth fault current in this application is limited to 1000A the maximum
internal fault current is limited to 1000A;
If
1000/600 = 1.67A
Vf
94.88V
2 2 x 91 x (94.88 - 91)
53.15 V
Vp
This value is below the maximum of 3000V peak and therefore no Metrosils are
required with the relay.
Chapter 3
Commissioning Instructions
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Contents
Page 1 of 2
CONTENTS
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
COMMISSIONING PRELIMINARIES
Quick guide to local menu control
Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
Equipment required
Inspection
Earthing
Main current transformers
Test block
Insulation
1
1
2
3
3
4
4
4
4
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
5
5
5
6
6
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
7
7
7
8
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
SETTINGS
Changing the settings
Changing the system frequency
Relay Operation
8
9
9
10
5
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
KBCH 120
Measurement Checks
HV and LV1 winding measurement checks
Frequency measurement check
Differential Protection
Low set element current sensitivity (Id>)
Low set element operating time
High set element current sensitivity (Id>>)
High set element operating time
Restricted Earth Fault Protection
REF current sensitivity HV side (Io> HV)
REF element HV side operating time
REF current sensitivity LV1 side (Io> LV1)
REF element LV1 side operating time
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
14
15
15
15
15
16
6
6.1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.3
KBCH 130
Measurement checks
HV + LV1 + LV2 winding measurement checks
Frequency measurement check
Differential Protection
Low set element current sensitivity (Id>)
Low set element operating time
High set element current sensitivity (Id>>)
High set element operating time
Restricted Earth Fault Protection
17
17
17
18
18
18
19
19
20
21
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Contents
Page 2 of 2
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6
REF
REF
REF
REF
REF
REF
21
21
22
22
22
22
7
7.1
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.1.3
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
7.3.5
7.3.6
KBCH 140
Measurement checks
HV + LV1 winding measurement checks
LV2 + LV3 winding measurement check
Frequency measurement check
Differential Protection
Low set element current sensitivity (Id>)
Low set element operating time
High set element current sensitivity (Id>>)
High set element operating time
Restricted Earth Fault Protection
REF current sensitivity HV side (Io> HV)
REF element HV side operating time
REF current sensitivity LV1 side (Io> LV1)
REF element LV1 side operating time
REF current sensitivity LV2 side (Io> LV2)
REF element LV2 side operating time
23
23
23
24
24
25
25
26
26
27
28
28
28
29
29
29
29
PHASE COMPENSATION
30
32
10
34
11
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
OVERFLUX PROTECTION
Overflux alarm sensitivity
Overflux trip sensitivity
Overflux fifth harmonic
Overflux fifth harmonic relay operating time
35
35
35
37
38
12
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
SELECTIVE LOGIC
Opto input checks
Controlled blocking of overflux protection
Auxiliary timers
Change of setting group
Remote control of transformer tap changer
39
39
39
40
41
41
13
FUNCTION LINKS
42
14.
14.1
42
42
15.
15.1
ON LOAD TESTS
Correct set up check
44
44
16.
45
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 1.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 1 of 48
COMMISSIONING PRELIMINARIES
When commissioning a K-series relay for the first time the engineer should allow
an hour to get familiar with the menu. Please read section 1.1 which provides
simple instructions for negotiating the relay menu using the push buttons [F] [+] [-]
and [0] on the front of the relay. Individual cells can be viewed and the settable
values can be changed by this method.
If a portable PC is available together with a K-Bus interface unit (Kitz 101/102)
and the Courier access software, then the menu can be viewed one page at a
time to display a full column of data and text. Settings are more easily entered
and the final settings can be saved as a file on a disk for future reference or for
printing a permanent record. The instructions are provided with the Courier access
software.
1.1
Key Press
Effect of Action
[F]short
or [F]long
[0]short
Turns on backlight
[0]long
[F]short
Turns on backlight
[0]long
[F]short
[F]long
[0]short
Turn on backlight
[0]long
Column heading
Table 1
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 2 of 48
Key press
Effect of action
Column heading
[+]
[-]
A settable cell
[+] or [-]
Setting mode
[+]
Increments value.
[-]
Decrements value.
[F]
[0]
[+]
[-]
[0]
Confirmation display
Table 2
1.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
1.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 3 of 48
Equipment required
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Inspection
Remove the polycarbonate front cover by unscrewing the four knurled plastic nuts
with a small screwdriver. The module can now be withdrawn by pulling the black
handles at the top and the bottom. Care should be taken as some force is required
to do so and the relay module is heavy.
Once removed carefully examine the module and case to see that no damage has
occurred since installation and visually check that the current transformer shorting
switches in the case are wired into the correct circuit and are closed when the
module is withdrawn. Check that the serial number on the module and case are
identical and that the model number and rating information are correct. The serial
number of the relay appears on the label on the inside of the cover and on the
front plate of the relay module. The serial numbers marked on these two locations
should match. The only time that they may not match is when a faulty relay module
has been replaced for continuity of protection.
Check that the external wiring is correct to the relevant relay diagram or scheme
diagram. The relay diagram number appears inside the case on a label at the left
hand side.
With the relay removed from its case, check that it is isolated from the voltage and
current transformer inputs, and ensure that the terminals listed below in table 3 are
closed by checking with a continuity tester.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 4 of 48
TERMINALS
21 & 22
65 & 66
75 & 76
23 & 24
67 & 68
77 & 78
25 & 26
69 & 70
79 & 80
27 & 28
71 & 72
81 & 82
63 & 64
73 & 74
83 & 84
Table 3
1.5
Earthing
Check that the case earthing connection, above the rear terminal block, is used to
connect the relay to a local earth bar and, where there is more than one relay, the
copper earth bar is in place connecting the earth terminals of each case in the
same tier together. Check that the local earth bar is solidly connected to the
cubicle earth terminal.
1.6
1.7
Test block
If the MMLG test block is provided, the connections should be checked to the
scheme diagram, particularly that the supply connections are to the live side of the
test block (coloured orange) with the terminals allocated odd numbers
(1, 3, 5, 7 etc.). The auxiliary supply is normally routed via terminals 13 (+) and
15 (-), but check this against the schematic diagram for the installation.
1.8
Insulation
Insulation tests only need to be done when required.
Isolate all wiring from the earth and test the insulation with an electronic or
brushless insulation tester at a dc voltage not exceeding 1000V. Terminals of the
same circuits should be temporarily strapped together.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 2.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 5 of 48
All the tests in these instructions should be carried out unless stated otherwise.
Section 5 is applicable to the KBCH 120 model, section 6 to the KBCH 130 and
section 7 to the KBCH 140 model. Sections 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14
are applicable to all relay models.
The values quoted in these instructions make no allowance for errors due to
tolerances of measuring equipment or site conditions.
NOTE:1. The relay has internal transformer phase compensation which can be set in the
SETTINGS menu depending on the transformer winding configuration. As this
compensation is based on manipulating three phase currents it is advised that for
all secondary injection commissioning tests and checks the cells [HV VectorCor],
[LV1 VectorCor] and [LV2 VectorCor] in the SETTINGS(1) or SETTINGS(2) menu
are set to Yy0 unless stated otherwise. This is because all the tests are performed
with single phase rather than three phase currents. Note that the LV2 Vector Cor
will only appear on the KBCH 130 and 140 models.
2. All the current settings in the relay are in per unit values and therefore should
be multiplied by 5 if the relay is rated at 5 amps (In = 5A), to convert to the
equivalent actual value.
3. Once all the commissioning tests are complete the function link cells [S1 Fn.
Links] and [S2 Fn. Links] and the vector correction factors should be set back to
their calculated application settings. Finally all the calculated application settings
should be checked.
2.1
2.2
TEST
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
Table 4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
2.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 6 of 48
2.4
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RLY7
RLY6
RLY5
RLY4
RLY3
RLY2
RLY1
RLY0
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Table 6
Note that the LCD display will only give a trip indication if the protection and
control function is configured to operate either relay 3, terminals 42 and 44, or
relay 7, terminals 41 and 43. If relays other than 3 or 7 are selected for a certain
function then the display will not give an indication of a trip and the red trip LED
will not be illuminated, although the output relay contacts will still close.
It is advised in all cases that a continuity tester be used to monitor the output relay
contacts and to ensure that the appropriate output relay has energised. The
display should only be used for visual indication of a trip condition.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 3.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 7 of 48
Tests 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 have to be performed for each relay model.
3.1
Auxiliary supply
The relay can be operated from either an AC or a DC auxiliary supply but the
incoming voltage must be within the operating range specified in Table 7. Check
that the auxiliary supply voltage is within the range shown below, and where
applicable check that it is connected in the correct polarity.
Relay rating (V)
DC operating
range (V)
AC operating
range (V)
Maximum crest
voltage (V) DC/AC
24/125
20 - 150
50 - 133
169 / 190
48/250
33 - 300
87 - 265
338 / 380
Table 7
CAUTION: The relay can withstand some AC ripple on a DC auxiliary supply.
However, in all cases the peak value of the auxiliary supply must not exceed the
maximum crest voltage. Do not energise the relay using a battery charger with the
battery disconnected.
3.2
3 and 5
contact closed
contact open
4 and 6
contact open
contact closed
Table 8
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
3.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 8 of 48
Field voltage
The relay generates a field voltage that should be used to energise the optoisolated inputs. With the relay energised, measure the field voltage across
terminals 7 and 8. Terminal 7 should be positive with respect to terminal 8 and
should be within the range specified in Table 9 when no load is connected.
Nominal dc rating (V)
Range (V)
48
45<V<60
Table 9
Section 4.
SETTINGS
The commissioning engineer should be supplied with all the required settings for
the relay. The settings should be entered into the relay via the front keypad or by
using a portable PC with a K-Bus connection and recorded on the commissioning
test record sheet. If the K-Bus communications are being used then the master
station can download the settings to the relay, record any relay settings on disc
and download recorded settings to other relays.
The protection settings for the relay are contained in the SETTINGS(1) and
SETTINGS(2) menu columns. SETTINGS(2) is only required if group 2 is used.
The characteristics of the relay can be further changed by setting the FUNCTION
LINKS. These links change the logic within the relay so that the auxiliary functions
can be used for alternative tasks. They can also turn OFF or block some of the
unwanted functions therefore this is the first place to look if the relay is not
configured as required. The FUNCTION LINKS are found in the following menu
headings.
SYSTEM DATA heading in the cell [SYS Fn. Links].
SETTINGS(1) heading in the cell [S1 Fn. Links]
SETTINGS(2) heading in the cell [S2 Fn. Links]
INPUT MASKS heading.
RELAY MASKS heading.
Table 10
The INPUT MASKS are used to assign the opto isolated inputs of the relay to
control specific functions.
The RELAY MASKS are used to assign the output relays to operate for a specific
protection or control function.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
4.1
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 9 of 48
4.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
4.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 10 of 48
Relay operation
This test will ensure that each output relay operates correctly and closes on
command.
Go to the TEST/CONTROL menu heading and step down until the
[Select Relays To Test] cell is displayed. Each bit in this cell corresponds to an
output relay. Bit 0 is for relay 0, bit 1 for relay 1 and so on. Select one relay at a
time by setting the appropriate bit to 1. Then, step down one to the [Test Relays =
[0]] cell. The output relay will close for the duration that the [0] key is pressed plus
the time set in the cell [LOG tTest] which is found under the menu heading LOGIC
FUNCTIONS.
Operation of the relay can be monitored by indication from the relay contacts,
e.g. continuity meter. Test each relay in turn as described above.
RELAY
TERMINALS
Relay 0
30, 32
Relay 1
34, 36
Relay 2
38, 40
Relay 3
42, 44
Relay 4
29, 31
Relay 5
33, 35
Relay 6
37, 39
Relay 7
41, 43
Table 11
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 5.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 11 of 48
KBCH 120
The following tests are all applicable to the KBCH 120 model. It is recommended
that these tests are performed with both the phase compsensation factors [HV
VectorCor] and [LV1 VectorCor] set to Yy0.
5.1
Measurement checks
To test the relay measurement functions a current of known value should be
injected into each phase input. With the CT ratios in the cells [HV CT Ratio] and
[LV1 CT Ratio] in the SETTINGS menu set to the values of the line CTs, the
displayed measured values will be in the equivalent primary quantities.
OVERCURRENT
TEST SET
++
21
KBCH
120
82
22
23
24
25
26
77
78
79
80
81
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
5.1.2
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 12 of 48
5.2
Differential Protection
The relay should be commissioned with the settings calculated for the application.
5.2.1
1.1[ Id >]
Is =
Id> is the low set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>] under the SETTINGS
menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. There is one ratio correction factor for the HV side, which is found in the
cell [HV Ratio Cor], and one for the LV1 side found in the cell [LV1 Ratio Cor].
Both of these are found under the SETTINGS menu headings. The appropriate CT
ratio factor should be used to calculate the current to inject depending upon
whether it is being injected into the HV or the LV1 inputs.
Current Level
Pick-up
0.9 x Is to 1.1 x Is
Drop-off
Table 12
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 13 of 48
Repeat the above test for each of the remaining phases on the HV side, and for all
three phases on the LV1 side. These are listed in table 13.
Input
Terminals
IA HV
21, 22
IB HV
23, 24
IC HV
25, 26
IA LV1
77, 78
IB LV1
79, 80
IC LV1
81, 82
Table 13
NOTE:- As the CT inputs to each phase have been verified by both the
measurement checks and the low set differential trip checks it is only necessary
to check the operating time and the high set current sensitivity for each phase
element on one side of the transformer only.
5.2.2
5.2.3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 14 of 48
1.1xIs
0.9xIs
Table 14
The first test to be performed is at the higher current level, to check that the
instantaneous element operates.
In table 14 above
Is =
[Id>>]
[CT Ratio Cor]
Id>> is the high set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>>] under the
SETTINGS menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. This is found in the cell [HV Ratio Cor] under the SETTINGS menu heading.
Inject 1.1xIs and ensure that the selected output relay operates.
FOR THE SECOND TEST IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE CURRENT IS NOT APPLIED
FOR LONGER THAN 1 SECOND.
Inject 0.9xIs for 1 second and ensure that the selected output relay does not
operate.
Repeat the above two tests for the two remaining elements of the HV side of the
transformer as listed in table 13.
5.2.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 15 of 48
Repeat this test for both of the remaining phases on the HV side, as listed in table
13.
5.3
5.3.1
0.9xIs to 1.1xIs
Drop-off
0.9xPick-up to 1.0xPick-up
Table 15
In table 15 above, Is corresponds to the settings for the earth fault elements. These
are found in the cells [Io> HV], [Io>LV1] in the SETTINGS menu heading.
5.3.2
5.3.3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 16 of 48
The relays selected for the REF protection on the LV1 side of the transformer can
be found under the RELAY MASKS heading in the cell [RLY Io> LV1]. Each bit in
this cell which is set to 1 corresponds to an output relay for this protection
function. See section 2.4 for a fuller explanation of the configuration of the output
relays. The operation of the relay can be monitored as described in section 4.3.
Connect the equipment so that current can be injected through terminals 83 & 84.
Slowly increase the current from 0 amps and note the pick-up value at which the
relay operates. Reduce the current slowly and note the drop-off value at which it
resets. Check that the pick-up and drop-off values are within the range shown in
Table 15.
In this case Is corresponds to the LV1 side earth fault element setting and is found
in the cell [Io> LV1] under the SETTINGS menu heading.
5.3.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 6.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 17 of 48
KBCH 130
The following tests are all applicable to the KBCH 130 model. It is recommended
that these tests are performed with the phase compensation factors [HV VectorCor],
[LV1 VectorCor] and [LV2 vectorCor] set toYy0.
6.1
Measurement checks
To test the relay measurement functions a current of known value should be
injected into each phase input. With the CT ratios in the cells [HV CT Ratio], [LV1
CT Ratio] and [LV2 CT Ratio] in the SETTINGS menu set to the values of the line
CTs, the displayed measured values will be in the equivalent primary quantities.
6.1.1
21
KBCH
130
74
22
23
24
25
26
77
78
79
80
81
82
69
70
71
72
73
HV+LV
HV+LV1+LV2
HV(X2)+LV
HV+LV(X2)
HV - Phase
Iinj
Iinj
2xIinj
Iinj
LV1 - Phase
Iinj
Iinj
Iinj
2xIinj
LV2 - Phase
Iinj
Differential
2xIinj
3xIinj
3xIinj
3xIinj
Iinj
3/2xIinj
3/2xIinj
3/2xIinj
Bias
Table 16
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
6.1.2
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 18 of 48
6.2
Differential Protection
The relay should be commissioned with the settings calculated for the application.
6.2.1
Is =
1.1[ Id>]
.
[ CT Ratio Cor]
Id> is the low set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>] under the SETTINGS
menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. There is one ratio correction factor for the HV side, which is found in the
cell [HV Ratio Cor], one for the LV1 side found in the cell [LV1 Ratio Cor], and one
for the LV2 side found in the cell [LV2 Ratio Cor]. All of these are found under the
SETTINGS menu heading. The appropriate CT ratio factor should be used to
calculate the current to inject depending upon whether it is being injected into the
HV, LV1 or the LV2 inputs.
Current Level
Pick-up
0.9xIs to 1.1xIs
Drop-off
0.9xPick-up to 1.0xPick-up
Table 17
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 19 of 48
Repeat the above test for each of the remaining phases on the HV side, and for all
three phases on the LV1 side and all three on the LV2 side. These are listed in
table 18 below.
Input
IA HV
IB HV
Terminals
21, 22
23, 24
IC HV
25, 26
IA LV1
77, 78
IB LV1
79, 80
IC LV1
81, 82
IA LV2
69, 70
IB LV2
71, 72
IC LV2
73, 74
Table 18
NOTE:- As the CT inputs to each phase have been verified by both the
measurement checks and the low set differential trip checks it is only necessary to
check the operating time and the high set current sensitivity for each phase
element on one side of the transformer only.
6.2.2
6.2.3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 20 of 48
The relays selected to operate for the Id>> trip can be found under the RELAY
MASKS heading. The phase A relay will be found in the cell [RLY Id>>A], phase B
relay in cell [RLY Id>>B] and phase C in [RLY Id>>C]. Each bit in these cells
which is set to 1 corresponds to an output relay which is selected for this function.
See section 2.4 for a fuller explanation of the configuration of the output relays.
Operation of the relays can be monitored as described in section 4.3.
The relay should be connected so that current can be injected through terminals
21 & 22. In addition the output relays should be connected to trip the test set and
to stop a timer. IT IS IMPORTANT TO TRIP THE TEST SET IN ORDER TO AVOID
SUSTAINED APPLICATION OF EXCESSIVE CURRENTS. The timer should be
started when current is applied to the relay.
As the setting is above the continuous current rating of the relay, DO NOT
INCREASE THE CURRENT SLOWLY, since this may damage the relay before it
can operate. Instead the current level should be set and then suddenly applied.
Two tests have to be performed for his particular protection function. These are
listed in table 19.
Id>> Trip
Id>> No Trip
1.1xIs
0.9xIs
Table 19
The first test to be performed is at the higher current level, to check that the
instantaneous element operates.
In table 19 above
Is =
[Id>>]
[CT Ratio Cor]
Id>> is the high set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>>] under the
SETTINGS menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. This is found in the cell [HV Ratio Cor] under the SETTINGS menu heading.
Inject 1.1xIs and ensure that the selected output relay operates
FOR THE SECOND TEST IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE CURRENT IS NOT APPLIED
FOR LONGER THAN 1 SECOND.
Inject 0.9xIs for 1 second and ensure that the relay does not operate.
Repeat the above two tests for the two remaining elements of the HV side of the
transformer as listed in table 18.
6.2.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 21 of 48
Inject 3xIs into the A phase low set element (terminals 21 & 22). Check that the
operating time for the relay is within the range
10ms to 20ms
Repeat this test for both of the remaining phases on the HV side, as listed in table
18.
6.3
6.3.1
0.9xIs to 1.1xIs
Drop-off
0.9xPick-up to 1.0xPick-up
Table 20
In table 20 above, Is corresponds to the settings for the earth fault element. These
are found in the cells [Io>HV], [Io>LV1] and [Io>LV2] in the SETTINGS menu
depending upon which winding is being tested.
6.3.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
6.3.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 22 of 48
6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 7.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 23 of 48
KBCH 140
The following tests are all applicable to the KBCH 140 model. It is recommended
that these tests are performed with the phase compensation factors [HV VectorCor],
[LV1 VectorCor] and [LV2 vectorCor] set toYy0.
7.1
Measurement checks
To test the relay measurement functions a current of known value should be
injected into each phase input. With the CT ratios in the cells [HV CT Ratio], [LV1
CT Ratio] and [LV2 CT Ratio] in the SETTINGS menu set to the values of the line
CTs, the displayed measured values will be in the equivalent primary quantities.
7.1.1
OVERCURRENT
TEST SET
++
21
KBCH
140
82
22
23
24
25
26
77
78
79
80
81
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
7.1.2
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 24 of 48
OVERCURRENT
++
TEST SET
64
63
65
-
66
KBCH
140
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
HV+LV1+LV2
HV(x2)+LV
or
HV+LV(x2)
HV(x2)+LV1+LV2
or
HV+LV1(x2)+LV2
HV(x2)+LV(x2)
LV2 Phase
Inij
Inij
Differential
Iinj
Iinj
2xIinj
2xIinj
1/2xIinj
1/2xIinj
Iinj
Iinj
Bias
Table 21
7.1.3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
7.2
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 25 of 48
Differential Protection
The relay should be commissioned with the settings calculated for the application.
7.2.1
Is =
1.1[ Id>]
.
[ CT Ratio Cor]
Id> is the low set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>] under the SETTINGS
menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. There is one ratio correction factor for the HV side, which is found in the
cell [HV Ratio Cor], one for the LV1 side found in the cell [LV1 Ratio Cor], and one
for the LV2 side found in the cell [LV2 Ratio Cor]. All of these are found under the
SETTINGS menu heading. The appropriate CT ratio factor should be used to
calculate the current to inject depending upon whether it is being injected into the
HV, LV1 or the LV2 inputs.
Current Level
Pick-up
0.9xIs to 1.1xIs
Drop-off
0.9xPick-up to 1.0xPick-up
Table 22
Repeat the above test for each of the remaining phases on the HV side, and for all
three phases on the LV1 side, all three on the LV2 side and the LV3 side. These
are listed in table 23.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 26 of 48
Input
Terminals
IA HV
21, 22
IB HV
23, 24
IC HV
25, 26
IA LV1
77, 78
IB LV1
79, 80
IC LV1
81, 82
IA LV2
69, 70
IB LV2
71, 72
IC LV2
73, 74
IA LV3
63, 64
IB LV3
65, 66
IC LV3
67, 68
Table 23
NOTE:- As the CT inputs to each phase have been verified by both the
measurement checks and the low set differential trip checks it is only necessary to
check the operating time and the high set current sensitivity for each phase
element on one side of the transformer only.
7.2.2
7.2.3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 27 of 48
The relays selected to operate for the Id>> trip can be found under the RELAY
MASKS heading. The phase A relay will be found in the cell [RLY Id>>A], phase B
relay in cell [RLY Id>>B] and phase C in [RLY Id>>C]. Each bit in these cells
which is set to 1 corresponds to an output relay which is selected for this function.
See section 2.4 for a fuller explanation of the configuration of the output relays.
Operation of the relays can be monitored as described in section 4.3.
The relay should be connected so that current can be injected through terminals
21 & 22. In addition the output relays should be connected to trip the test set and
to stop a timer. IT IS IMPORTANT TO TRIP THE TEST SET IN ORDER TO AVOID
SUSTAINED APPLICATION OF EXCESSIVE CURRENTS. The timer should be
started when the current is applied to the relay.
As the setting is above the continuous current rating of the relay, DO NOT
INCREASE THE CURRENT SLOWLY, since this may damage the relay before it
can operate. Instead the current level should be set and then suddenly applied.
Two tests have to be performed for his particular protection function. These are
listed in table 24.
Id>> Trip
Id>> No Trip
1.1xIs
0.9xIs
Table 24
The first test to be performed is at the higher current level, to check that the
instantaneous element operates.
In table 24 above
Is =
[ Id >>]
[ CT Ratio Cor]
Id>> is the high set setting which will be found in the cell [Id>>] under the
SETTINGS menu heading. CT Ratio Cor is the CT ratio correction which is used to
compensate for a mismatch in currents due to the line side current transformer
ratios. This is found in the cell [HV Ratio Cor] under the SETTINGS menu heading.
Inject 1.1xIs and ensure that the selected output relay operates
FOR THE SECOND TEST IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE CURRENT IS NOT APPLIED
FOR LONGER THAN 1 SECOND.
Inject 0.9xIs for 1 second and ensure that the relay does not operate.
Repeat the above two tests for the two remaining phases of the HV side of the
transformer listed in table 21.
7.2.4
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 28 of 48
test set and to stop a timer. Configure the test set so that when the current is
applied to the relay, the timer starts.
Inject 3xIs into the A phase low set element (terminals 21 & 22). Check that the
operating time for the relay is within the range
10ms to 20ms
Repeat this test for both of the remaining phases on the HV side, as listed in table
23.
7.3
7.3.1
0.9xIs to 1.1xIs
Drop-off
0.9xPick-up to 1.0xPick-up
Table 25
In table 25 above, Is corresponds to the settings for the earth fault element. These
are found in the cells [Io>HV], [Io>LV1] and [Io>LV2], in the SETTINGS menu
heading depending upon which winding is being tested.
7.3.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
7.3.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 29 of 48
7.3.4
7.3.5
7.3.6
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 8.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 30 of 48
PHASE COMPENSATION
This test will verify that the relays internal phase compensation is functioning
correctly. In this test, current is injected through the A phase HV and LV1 windings.
The phase compensation for both these windings should be set to the same value,
which will result no differential current if the magnitudes of the injected currents are
equal. The differential currents can be monitored using the MEASUREMENTS
menu. One of the phase compensation factors on one of the windings is then
changed which should result in differential current. Using the MEASUREMENTS
menu the resultant differential current can be noted and compared with the values
listed in table 26 below.
NOTE:- It is important in this case that the injected currents are in anti-phase, i.e.
180 out of phase. This is achieved by having two current sources that are in
phase and swapping the inputs into terminals 77 and 78 as shown below.
I1
21
22
KBCH
77
78
I2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 31 of 48
Once the checks are complete both the cells [S1 HV Vector Cor] and [S1 LV1
Vector Cor] should be set to Yy0 as the rest of the commissioning checks are
performed at this default setting.
LV1 VectorCor
Ia DIFF
Ib DIFF
Ic DIFF
Yy0
Yy6
2xIinj
Yd1
Yd7
Yd2
Yd8
2xIinj
Yd3
Yd9
Yd4
Yd10
2xIinj
Yd5
Yd11
2xIinj/3
2xIinj/3
Yy6
Yy0
2xIinj
Yd7
Yd1
Yd8
Yd2
2xIinj
Yd9
Yd3
Yd10
Yd4
2xIinj
Yd11
Yd5
2xIinj/3
2xIinj/3
Ydy0
Ydy6
4/3xIinj
2/3xIinj 2/3xIinj
Ydy6
Ydy0
4/3xIinj
2/3xIinj 2/3xIinj
Table 26
2xIinj/3 2xIinj/3
0
0
2xIinj
2xIinj/3 2xIinj/3
2xIinj/3 2xIinj/3
0
0
2xIinj
2xIinj/3 2xIinj/3
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
Section 9.
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 32 of 48
This test checks the low set element bias characteristic. The relay has a dual slope
bias characteristic, therefore this test is performed at two points on the bias curve,
one at 20% slope and the other at 80% slope, corresponding with bias currents of
0.5 p.u. and 1.5 p.u. respectively.
In the SETTINGS menu go to cell [S1 Fn. Links] and set all the bits to 0 except bit
1, {S1 Enable Id>}, which should be set to one. This will ensure that only the low
set protection function is enabled.
The operation of the relay can be monitored as described in section 4.3 Relay
operation. The relays selected for the low set differential protection function can be
found under the RELAY MASKS heading. The relay to be monitored in this case is
the A phase relay which is found in the cell [RLY Id>A]. Each bit in this cell which
is set to 1 corresponds to an output relay which is selected for this function. See
section 2.4 for a fuller explanation on the configuration of the output relays.
NOTE:- It is important in this case that the injected currents are in anti-phase, i.e.
180 out of phase. This is achieved by having two current sources that are in
phase and swapping the inputs into terminals 77 and 78 as shown below.
I1
21
22
KBCH
77
78
I2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
I1 =
In
(amps)
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 33 of 48
I1
HV CT Ratio Cor.
I2 =
I2
LV1 CT Ratio Cor.
20% Characteristic
Trip
No Trip
Id>
(p.u.)
I1
I2
(amps) (amps)
80% Characteristic
Trip
No Trip
I1
(amps)
I2
(amps)
I1
(amps)
I2
I1
I2
(amps) (amps) (amps)
0.1
0.65
0.35
0.55
0.45
1.95
1.05
1.80
1.20
0.2
0.70
0.30
0.60
0.40
2.00
1.00
1.85
1.15
0.3
0.75
0.25
0.65
0.35
2.05
0.95
1.90
1.10
0.4
0.80
0.20
0.70
0.30
2.10
0.90
1.95
1.05
0.5
0.85
0.15
0.75
0.25
2.15
0.85
2.00
1.00
0.1
3.25
1.75
2.75
2.25
9.75
5.25
9.00
6.00
0.2
3.50
1.50
3.00
2.00
10.00
5.00
9.25
5.75
0.3
3.75
1.25
3.25
1.75
10.25
4.75
9.50
5.50
0.4
4.00
1.00
3.50
1.50
10.50
4.50
9.75
5.25
0.5
4.25
0.75
3.75
1.25
10.75
4.25
10.00
5.00
Table 27
NOTE:- IT IS IMPORTANT TO ENSURE THAT THE CURRENTS I1 AND I2 WHEN
APPLIED TO THE RELAY ARE IN ANTI PHASE, i.e. 180 OUT OF PHASE.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 34 of 48
S1
OVERCURRENT
TEST SET
21
S2
22
KBCH
1.1[ Id> ]
[ HV Ratio Cor ]
Id> is the low set setting found under the SETTINGS menu heading. HV Ratio Cor
is the CT ratio correction factor which is used to compensate for a mismatch in
currents due to the line side current transformer ratios. This is found in the cell [HV
RatioCor] in the SETTINGS menu heading. Ensure that the relay selected for the
low set differential protection trips.
Then open switch S1 and close switch S2 and inject 4xIs. Ensure that the relay
selected for the low set differential protection does not trip, thus indicating that the
magnetising inrush detector has successfully blocked the low set differential
protection.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 35 of 48
V = settingxfx0.95 volts
to terminals 17 and 18, where setting = V/f alarm setting found in the cell [S1 V/f
(Alarm)], and f = system frequency.
Ensure that the selected output relay does not energise.
Next, apply a voltage of
V = settingxfx1.05 volts
to terminals 17 and 18 and ensure that the selected output relay does energise
and that the time is within 20% of the time set in the cell [t V/f (Alarm)] found in
the SETTINGS menu heading.
11.2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 36 of 48
Where T is the value in the cell [S1 t V/f (Trip)] which is also found in the
SETTINGS menu heading.
If the cell [S1 V/f (Trip) Char] is set to IDMT, then operation should occur in
M=
setting
time (s)
1000
100
K = 63
K = 40
K = 20
10
K=5
K=1
1
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
M=
1.4
1.5
1.6
(V/f)
(V/f) setting
Figure 8
With the relay connected as in section 11.1, for a duration greater than the time t
calculated from the equation above, apply a voltage of
V = settingxfx0.95
where setting = V/f trip setting found in the cell [S1 V/f Trip] in the SETTINGS
menu, and f = system frequency, and ensure that the selected output relay does
not energise.
Next apply a voltage of
V = settingxfx1.05
and ensure that the selected output relay does energise and that the time is within
20% of the time t above.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
11.3
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 37 of 48
KBCH
Iinj
21
22
Iinj = 1.1
Id>
+ [Iof - 5%]
HV RatioCor
where,
Id> = low set setting found in the cell [Id>A]
HV Ratio Cor = CT ratio correction found in the cell [HV RatioCor]
Iof = Fifth harmonic current setting found in the cell [S1 Iof]
All of the above settings are found under the SETTINGS menu heading. In this
case the fifth harmonic content of the input current is below setting and the low set
differential protection should operate.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 38 of 48
Next inject the following current and ensure that the output relay for the low set
differential protection does not operate.
Iinj = 1.1
Id>
+ [Iof + 5%]
HV RatioCor
In this case the fifth harmonic content of the input current is above setting and the
low set differential protection should be blocked from operating.
11.4 Overflux fifth harmonic relay operating time
The overflux fifth harmonic detector can be selected to operate an output relay if
required. The output relay selected to operate for this function is found under
RELAY MASKS heading in the cell [RLY OF Alarm]. Each bit in this cell which is set
to 1 corresponds to an output relay for this function. For a fuller description of the
configuration of output relays see section 2.4. If there are no bits in this cell set to
1 then there is no need to perform this test.
There is a settable time delay associated with this function which results in a delay
between the detection of the fifth harmonic current above setting and operation of
the output relay. This time delay is found in the cell [S1 tOF] under the SETTINGS
menu heading. This test should only be performed if the timer setting is not so high
that testing is impractical. It should be noted that the timer setting can go up to 4
hours.
Connect the relay as in Figure 9, but in addition connect the relay selected to
operate for the fifth harmonic detector to stop the timer. Configure the current
source such that the timer starts upon application of the current. Apply the
following current to the relay
Iinj = 1.1
Id>
+ [Iof + 5%]
HV RatioCor
Record the operating time and ensure that it lies within the range
[S1tOF] 10%
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 39 of 48
Number
46
Bit
0
L1
48
L2
50
L3
45
L4
47
L5
49
L6
51
L7
53
Table 28
The status of each opto input can be viewed by monitoring the cell [SYS Logic
Stat] in the SYSTEM DATA menu heading. When an opto input is energised, the
appropriate bit in this cell will be set to 1. Which bit corresponds to which optoinput is listed in table 28. When the opto input is de-energised the bit will be reset
to 0.
Test each opto-input in turn by applying a DC voltage from terminal 7 and
monitoring the cell [SYS Logic Stat]. Ensure that the correct bit is set to 1 when the
corresponding opto-input is energised.
12.2
Input Mask
Overflux trip
Overflux alarm
Table 29
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 40 of 48
To perform the overflux blocking tests, one or more opto isolated input has to be
allocated for each blocking function. When the allocated opto input is energised,
as in section 11.1, the appropriate protection function will be blocked.
For the overflux trip function energise the appropriate opto input and repeat test
11.2 at the higher voltage setting (V= fxsettingx1.05) and check that the element
is correctly blocked and does not operate.
For the overflux alarm function energise the appropriate opto input and repeat test
11.1 at the higher voltage setting and check that the element is correctly blocked
and does not operate.
12.3
Auxiliary timers
The auxiliary timers present in the relay should only be tested if they are to be
used in the intended application and if the timer settings are not so high that
testing is impractical. It should be noted that the timer settings can go up to 4
hours.
Which opto isolated inputs are configured to initiate which timers can be found
under the INPUT MASKS menu heading. These are listed in table 30.
Input Mask
Description
INP Aux 0
INP Aux 1
INP Aux 2
INP Aux 3
INP Aux 4
INP Aux 5
INP Aux 6
INP Aux 7
Table 30
Each bit in the cells [INP Aux 0] to [INP Aux 7] which is set to1 corresponds to
the opto input which, when energised will initiate the appropriate timer.
The time delay associated with each timer can be found in the LOGIC
FUNCTIONS menu heading in the cells [LOG tAUX 0] to [LOG tAUX 7]. The
relays operated by the auxiliary timers can be found under the RELAY MASKS
menu heading in the cells [RLY Aux 0] to [RLY Aux 7].
To test any of the auxiliary time delays, an external switch must be connected to
start an external timer and to energise the opto input which activates the relevant
auxiliary timer. The external timer must be stopped by the selected relay when it
operates.
The measured time delay should be within the range
set time 10%.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
12.4
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 41 of 48
12.5
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 42 of 48
Relay Terminals
HV
27, 28
LV1
83, 84
LV2
75, 76
Table 31
Note that the LV2 winding does not appear on the KBCH120, and will only
appear on the 130 and 140 models if they are configured to have the LV2
winding connected.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 43 of 48
P2
A
P1
S2
S1
C
P2
Primary Injection
Test Set
B
A2
S2
A1
P1
S1
Stabilising
Resistor
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
Metrosil
RS
Temporary
Connection
KBCH 120
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 44 of 48
MS1 Ia Bias
MS1 Ib Diff
MS1 Ib Bias
MS1 Ic Diff
MS1 Ic Bias
If the differential current is greater than 5% of the bias current then the following
should be checked.
Ensure that the phase compensation and ratio correction settings are set to the
calculated application settings. These are found under the SETTINGS menu
heading in the cells;
HV Ratio Cor
HV VectorCor
LV1 VectorCor
LV2 VectorCor
Note that the LV2 cells do not appear on the KBCH120 model and will not
appear on the KBCH130 and KBCH140 models if they are configured as [HV
+LV].
If the phase compensation and ratio correction settings are correct, and the
differential current is still larger than expected then check that the relay is correctly
wired at the relay terminals and that the connections from the line CTs are of the
correct polarity.
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 45 of 48
P1
P2
S1
P2
S2
HV
P1
S2
LV
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
KBCH 120
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
c
RL2
1
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
17
18
43
44
45
46
47
48
78
21
22
49
50
79
80
23
24
51
52
81
82
25
26
53
54
83
84
27
28
55
56
SCN
36
Trip
40
Trip
RL3
44
Trip
29
RL4
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
Trip
42
18
77
32
38
17
63
Relay failed
34
RL1
57
5
30
Relay healthy
31
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
Case earth
SCN
53
55
Notes:
1. (a)
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
P1
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 46 of 48
P2
P2
S1
S2
HV
P1
S2
LV1
S1
A
B
C
LV2
P2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
LV2 lo> (see Figure 14)
KBCH 130
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
32
36
40
RL2
1
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
18
77
78
21
22
49
50
79
80
23
24
51
52
81
82
25
26
53
54
83
84
27
28
55
56
SCN
RL3
44
Trip
29
31
RL4
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
53
55
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
Case earth
K-Bus communications port
SCN
Notes:
1. (a)
Trip
42
18
17
Trip
38
17
57
Trip
34
RL1
Relay failed
30
Relay healthy
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 47 of 48
P2
HV
P1
S2
LV1
S1
A
B
C
P1
P2
S1
P2
LV2
P1
S2
S2
S1
P2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
LV2 lo> (see Figure 14)
KBCH 140
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
C
A
C
B
Phase rotation
AC/DC
supply
Vx
13
WD
14
WD
RL0
c
RL2
1
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
29
30
31
32
33
34
10
35
36
37
38
13
14
39
40
41
42
17
18
43
44
45
46
47
48
78
21
22
49
50
79
80
23
24
51
52
81
82
25
26
53
54
83
84
27
28
55
56
SCN
Trip
36
Trip
40
Trip
42
RL3
18
77
32
38
17
63
Relay failed
34
RL1
57
5
30
Relay healthy
44
Trip
29
RL4
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
31
Tap up
33
46
48
RL5
35
Tap down
37
50
RL6
39
Alarm
41
52
RL7
43
Trip
45
47
57
49
54
56
51
See Note 4
Case earth
SCN
53
55
Notes:
1. (a)
(b)
(c)
Long terminals.
(d)
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
P1
P2
S1
R8530 B
Chapter 3
Page 48 of 48
P2
S2
P1
S2
S1
A
B
C
P2
P1
S2
S1
See
Note 2
See Note 1
RS
See
Note 2
63
69
64
65
70
71
66
67
72
73
68
74
75
RS
See
Note 1
KBCH 120
21
76
77
22
23
78
79
24
25
80
81
26
27
82
83
28
84
Notes:
1.
See Service Manual R8530 for the setting of the external stabilising resistor.
2.
Chapter 4
Commissioning Test Results
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 1 of 24
KBCH
Date
Serial Number
Station
Circuit
KBCH
Model No.
Serial No.
Rated Current In
Aux Voltage Vx
Voltage Vn
Frequency
1.4 Inspection
tick
tick
tick
21 & 22
65 & 66
75 & 76
23 & 24
67 & 68
77 & 78
25 & 26
69 & 70
79 & 80
27 & 28
71 & 72
81 & 82
63 & 64
73 & 74
83 & 84
tick
1.5 Earth connection to case checked
1.7 Test block connection checked
1.8 Insulation checked
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 2 of 24
Supply on
SYS Password
SYS Fn. Links
SYS Description
SYS Plant Ref.
SYS Model No.
SYS Serial No.
SYS Frequency
SYS Comms Level
SYS Rly Address
SYS Setting Grp.
SYS S/W Ref 1
SYS S/W Ref 2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
SETTINGS 1
S1 Fn. Links
S1 Configuration
S1 HV CT Ratio
S1 LV1 CT Ratio
S1 LV2 CT Ratio
S1 HV Ratio Cor
S1 HV Vector Cor
S1 LV1 Ratio Cor
S1 LV1 Vector Cor
S1 LV2 Ratio Cor
S1 LV2 Vector Cor
S1 Id>
S1 Id>>
S1 Io> HV
S1 Io> LV1
S1 Io> LV2
S1 Iof
S1 tof
S1 V/f (Trip) Char
S1 V/f (Trip)
S1 V/f (Trip) TMS or
S1 t V/f (Trip)
S1 V/f (Alarm)
S1 t V/f (Alarm)
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 3 of 24
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
SETTINGS 2
S2 Fn. Links
S2 Configuration
S2 HV CT Ratio
S2 LV1 CT Ratio
S2 LV2 CT Ratio
S2 HV Ratio Cor
S2 HV Vector Cor
S2 LV1 Ratio Cor
S2 LV1 Vector Cor
S2 LV2 Ratio Cor
S2 LV2 Vector Cor
S2 Id>
S2 Id>>
S2 Io> HV
S2 Io> LV1
S2 Io> LV2
S2 Iof
S2 tof
S2 V/f (Trip) Char
S2 V/f (Trip)
S2 V/f (Trip) TMS or
S2 t V/f (Trip)
S2 V/f (Alarm)
S2 t V/f (Alarm)
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 4 of 24
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 5 of 24
LOGIC FUNCTIONS
LOG tAUX0
LOG tAUX1
LOG tAUX2
LOG tAUX3
LOG tAUX4
LOG tAUX5
LOG tAUX6
LOG tAUX7
LOG tTEST
LOG tTapUp
LOG tTapDown
LOG DefaultDsply
INPUT MASKS
INP Blk V/f Trp
INP Blk V/f Alm
INP Aux 0
INP Aux 1
INP Aux 2
INP Aux 3
INP Aux 4
INP Aux 5
INP Aux 6
INP Aux 7
INP Set Grp 2
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 6 of 24
RELAY MASKS
RLY Id>A
RLY Id>B
RLY Id>C
RLY Id>>A
RLY Id>>B
RLY Id>>C
RLY Io>HV
RLY Io>LV1
RLY Io>LV2
RLY AUX 0
RLY AUX 1
RLY AUX 2
RLY AUX 3
RLY AUX 4
RLY AUX 5
RLY AUX 6
RLY AUX 7
RLY Tap Up
RLY Tap Down
RLY Of Alarm
RLY V/f Trip
RLY V/f Alarm
RECORDER
REC Control
REC Capture
REC Post Trigger
REC Logic trig
REC Relay trig
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 7 of 24
tick
Relay 0
Relay 4
Relay 1
Relay 5
Relay 2
Relay 6
Relay 3
Relay 7
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 8 of 24
5. KBCH 120
5.1.1 HV + LV1 Winding Measurements Checks
HV CT Ratio
HV Ratio Correction
HV Phase Compensation
LV1 CT Ratio
LV1 Ratio Correction
LV1 Phase Compensation
PHASE CURRENT
Injected current
EXPECTED VALUES
Ia HV
Ib HV
Ic HV
Ia LV1
Ib LV1
Ic LV1
DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Diff
Ic Diff
BIAS CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Bias
Ic Bias
Hz
F measured
Hz
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 9 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Ia HV Pick-up
Ia HV Drop-off
Ib HV Pick-up
Ib HV Drop-off
Ic HV Pick-up
Ic HV Drop-off
Ia LV1 Pick-up
Ia LV1 Drop-off
Ib LV1 Pick-up
Ib LV1 Drop-off
Ic LV1 Pick-up
Ic LV1 Drop-off
Ia HV
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 10 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
A
tick
Setting (Is)
A
tick
Ia HV Trip
Ia HV No Trip
Ib HV Trip
Ib HV No Trip
Ic HV Trip
Ic HV No Trip
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 11 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Io HV Pick-up
Io HV Drop-off
ms
ms
Setting (Is)
Io LV1 Pick-up
Io LV1 Drop-off
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 12 of 24
6 KBCH 130
6.1.1 HV + LV1 + LV2 measurement checks
HV CT Ratio
HV Ratio Correction
HV Phase Compensatio n
LV1 CT Ratio
LV1 Ratio Correction
LV1 Phase Compensation
LV2 CT Ratio
LV2 Ratio Correction
LV2 Phase Compensation
PHASE CURRENT
Injected current
EXPECTED VALUES
Ia HV
Ib HV
Ic HV
Ia LV1
Ib LV1
Ic LV1
Ia LV2
Ib LV2
Ic LV2
DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Diff
Ic Diff
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 13 of 24
BIAS CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Bias
Ic Bias
Hz
F measured
Hz
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Ia HV pick-up
Ia HV Drop-off
Ib HV Pick-up
Ib HV Drop-off
Ic HV Pick-up
Ic HV Drop-off
Ia LV1 Pick-up
Ia LV1 Drop-off
Ib LV1 Pick-up
Ib LV1 Drop-off
Ic LV1 Pick-up
Ic Lv1 Drop-off
Ia LV2 Pick-up
Ia LV2 Drop-off
Ib LV2 Pick-up
Ib LV2 Drop-off
Ic LV2 Pick-up
Ic LV2 Drop-off
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 14 of 24
Setting group 2
(if required)
Expected - 30 to 40ms
Ia HV
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
Setting (Is)
tick
tick
Ia HV Trip
Ia HV No Trip
Ib HV Trip
Ib HV No Trip
Ic HV Trip
Ic HV No Trip
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 15 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Io HV Pick-up
Io HV Drop-off
ms
ms
Io LV1 Pick-up
Io LV1 Drop-off
ms
ms
Io LV2 Drop-off
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 16 of 24
7 KBCH 140
7.1.1 HV + LV1 Measurement checks
HV CT Ratio
HV Ratio Correction
HV Phase Compensation
LV1 CT Ratio
LV1 Ratio Correction
LV1 Phase Compensation
LV2 CT Ratio
LV2 Ratio Correction
LV2 Phase Compensation
PHASE CURRENT
Injected current
EXPECTED VALUES
Ia HV
Ib HV
Ic HV
Ia LV1
Ib LV1
Ic LV1
Ia LV2
Ib LV2
Ic LV2
DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Diff
Ic Diff
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 17 of 24
BIAS CURRENT
Theoretical value
Ib Bias
Ic Bias
Hz
F measured
Hz
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 18 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Ia HV pick-up
Ia HV Drop-off
Ib HV Pick-up
Ib HV Drop-off
Ic HV Pick-up
Ic HV Drop-off
Ia LV1 Pick-up
Ia LV1 Drop-off
Ib LV1 Pick-up
Ib LV1 Drop-off
Ic LV1 Pick-up
Ic Lv1 Drop-off
Ia LV2 Pick-up
Ia LV2 Drop-off
Ib LV2 Pick-up
Ib LV2 Drop-off
Ic LV2 Pick-up
Ic LV2 Drop-off
Ia LV3 Pick-up
Ia LV3 Drop-off
Ib LV3 Pick-up
Ib LV3 Drop-off
Ic LV3 Pick-up
Ic LV3 Drop-off
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 19 of 24
Setting group 1
Setting group 2
(if required)
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
Setting (Is)
Setting (Is)
tick
A
tick
Ia HV Trip
Ia HV No Trip
Ib HV Trip
Ib HV No Trip
Ic HV Trip
Ic HV No Trip
ms
ms
Ib HV
ms
ms
Ic HV
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 20 of 24
Setting group 2
(if required)
Setting (Is)
Io HV Pick-up
Io HV Drop-off
ms
ms
Setting (Is)
Io LV1 Pick-up
Io LV1 Drop-off
ms
ms
Setting (Is)
Io LV2 Pick-up
Io LV2 Drop-off
ms
ms
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 21 of 24
8. Phase Compensation
Injected Current
Ia DIFF
Ib DIFF
Ic DIFF
I1
I2
No trip 20%
I1
I2
Trip 80%
I1
I2
No trip 80%
I1
I2
Trip 20%
I1
I2
No trip 20%
I1
I2
Trip 80%
I1
I2
No trip 80%
I1
I2
Setting Group 2
(if required)
I injected
A
tick
A
tick
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 22 of 24
Setting Group 2
(if required)
Operating time
ms
ms
Operating time
ms
ms
tick
Operating Time
tick
L0
L4
L1
L5
L2
L6
L3
L7
S2 tOF
s
s
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 23 of 24
Setting
Measured value
Auxiliary timer 0
Auxiliary timer 1
Auxiliary timer 2
Auxiliary timer 3
Auxiliary timer 4
Auxiliary timer 5
Auxiliary timer 6
Auxiliary timer 7
ms
Tap down
ms
13 Function Links
Setting Group 1
Setting Group 2
(if required)
tick
Relay final settings entered
and checked
tick
KBCH
SERVICE MANUAL
R8530 B
Chapter 4
Page 24 of 24
Inject Into
HV A Phase
Inject Into
HV B Phase
Inject Into
HV C Phase
Inject Into
LV1 A Phase
Inject Into
LV1 B Phase
Inject Into
LV1 C Phase
CT Ratio
Primary Current
Spill Current
CT Ratio
Primary Current
Spill Current
Primary Current
Spill Current
CT Ratio
Inject Into
LV2 A Phase
Inject Into
LV2 B Phase
Inject Into
LV2 C Phase
15 On Load Tests
MS1 Ia Diff
MS1 Ia Bias
MS1 Ib Diff
MS1 Ib Bias
MS1 Ic Diff
MS1 Ic Bias
Commissioning Engineer
Customer Witness
Date
Date
REPAIR FORM
Please complete this form and return it to GEC ALSTHOM T&D PROTECTION & CONTROL
LIMITED with the equipment to be repaired. This form may also be used in the case of
application queries.
_____________________
_____________________
Serial No:
Date:
_____________________
1.
__________________
DC volts
AC current
Frequency
_____________
2.
3.
4.
Yes/No
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5.
Page 1
6.
7.
8.
Yes/No
Intermittent
Yes/No
Time delayed
Yes/No
(Delete as appropriate).
By how long?
___________
9.
___________________________________
____________________________________
Signature
Title
______________________________________
Name (in capitals)
_______________________________________
Company name
Page 2