Special Issue - 2019 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

ISSN: 2278-0181
ICONEEEA - 2k19 Conference Proceedings

Bluetooth based Home Automation using Arduino

M. Muthukumaran1, M. Kannusamy2, M. Kanagaraj3, A. Guruveswaran4
Assistant professor1,
Final year Students2, 3, 4
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Sree Sowdambika College of Engineering,
Aruppukottai.

Abstract:- Technology is a never ending process. To be able to II. RELATED WORK

design a product using the current technology that will be Several remote controlled home automation
beneficial to the lives of others is a huge contribution to the systems have been studied. R.Piyare and M.Tazil research
community. This paper presents the design and work provided full functionality to remotely control home
implementation of a low cost but yet flexible and secure cell
phone based home automation system. The design is based on
appliances via wireless communication between the
a standalone Arduino BT board and the home appliances are Arduino BT and cell phone using Bluetooth technology.
connected to the input/ output ports of this board via relays. Arduino BT board was connected with home appliance and
The communication between the cell phone and the Arduino it was controlled by a Symbian OS cell phone application.
BT board is wireless. This system is designed to be low cost Similarly, another study presented home automation
and scalable allowing variety of devices to be controlled with system using Bluetooth and android application. However,
minimum changes to its core. Password protection is being this was designed only for 4 lights and it was not feasible
used to only allow authorized users from accessing the to control more than 4 Home appliances. In another
appliances at home. research work, XBee based home automation system
Keywords- Home automation; Smartphone; Arduino;
introduced for handicapped and elderly people. XBee
Bluetooth; Home appliances. transceivers was used for wireless communication between
the master control panel board and the remote control
I. INTRODUCTION device.
A home monitoring and automation system was
Home automation system is use of information also studied, it was implemented by using Arduino Uno
technologies and control system to reduce the human labor. and Digilent chipKIT. Although this system mentioned as
The rapid growth low cost system but it is much expensive than Bluetooth
base home automation system. A low cost and wireless
of technologies influence us to use smartphones to controlled automation system was designed by researchers.
remotely control the home appliances. An automated Bluetooth technology was used to provide remote
devices has ability to work with versatility, diligence and controlled wireless access to user.
with lowest error rate. The idea of home automation system
is a significant issue for Researchers and home appliances III. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.
companies. Automation system not only helps to decrease The proposed system has two main parts hardware
the human labor but it also saves time and energy. Early and software. The hardware part consists of three main
home automation systems were used in labor saving hardware components smartphone, Arduino board and
machines but nowadays its main objective is provide Bluetooth module. Software part consist of Arduino
facilities to elderly and handicapped people to perform integrated development environment (IDE) and Bluetooth
their daily routine tasks and control the home appliances terminal smartphone application which is used for wireless
remotely. A Bluetooth based wireless home automation communication between smartphone and Arduino board.
system can be implement with a low cost and it is easy to
install in an existing home. A research work proved that IV. HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE
Bluetooth system are faster than wireless and GSM The proposed home automation system contains
systems. Bluetooth technology has ability to transmit data three hardware components smartphone, Arduino board
serially up to 3 Mbps within a physical range of 10m to and Bluetooth module. Smartphone is used to communicate
100m depending on the type of Blue tooth device. The with Arduino board using a smartphone application and
design of proposed method is based on Arduino board, Bluetooth technology. In this research work Bluetooth
Bluetooth module, sensors and smartphone application. module HC 05 and Arduino Uno are used for hardware
Bluetooth module HC-05 is interfaced with Arduino board implementation.
and home appliances are connected with Arduino board via
relay. Smartphone application is used for serial A. Arduino Uno
communication between smartphone and Bluetooth module Arduino is a tool for making computers that can
which is further connected with Arduino board. sense and control more of the physical world than your
desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing

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Special Issue - 2019 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
ICONEEEA - 2k19 Conference Proceedings

platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and a C. Ultrasonic Range Sensor HC-SR04
development environment for writing software for the The ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 has a transmitter
board. Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, and receiver. It uses sonar to calculate the distance from a
taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and physical objects. It has an excellent range of object
controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical detection from 2 cm to 400 cm (13 feet) with high
outputs. Arduino projects can be stand-alone, or they can accuracy. The ultrasonic sensors calculate the physical
communicate with software running on your computer (e.g. object's distance by transmitting ultrasonic wave and then
Flash, Processing.) detects its reflection wave.

The working principle of ultrasonic sensor is

The boards can be assembled by hand or
demonstrated. Ping is input ultrasonic waves which are
purchased preassembled; the open source IDE can be
transmitted at the velocity of 340 mls and Echo is reflected
downloaded for free. The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller
output of sensor which is used to determine the distance.
board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital
The ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04 parameter specification
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM
with their limitations. In proposed work ultrasonic sensor is
outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a
used for the measurement of water level inside the water
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
tank. It measure the distance of water level from the top of
button. It contains everything needed to support the
water tank and gives its report on smartphone application
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a
using Bluetooth technology.
USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery
to get started.
D. 4 CHANNEL RELAY BOARD
4 Channel Relay Board is a simple and convenient
B. Bluetooth module HC-05
way to interface 4 relays for switching application in your
Bluetooth module HC-05 is used for wireless
project. Very compact design can fit in small area, manly
communication between Arduino Uno and smartphone.
this board is made for low voltage application.
HC-05 is a slave device and it can operates at power 3.6 to
6 volts. It has 6 pins: State, RXD, TXD, GND, VCC and
Features:
EN. For serial communication connect TXD pin of Blue
tooth module HC-06 with RX (pin 0) of Arduino Uno and
• 4-Channel Relay interface board, and each one
needs 15-20mA Driver Current
RXD pin with TX (pin 1) of Arduino Uno. Connection
diagram of Adriano and Bluetooth (BT) module is • Both controlled by 12V and 5V input Voltage
illustrated. • Equipped with high-current relay, AC250V 10A ;
DC30V 10A
• Standard interface that can be controlled directly
by microcontroller (Arduino , 8051, AVR, PIC,
DSP, ARM, ARM, MSP430, TTL logic active
low)
• Opto-isolated inputs
• Indication LED’s for Relay output status.

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Special Issue - 2019 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
ICONEEEA - 2k19 Conference Proceedings

“Vcc” Power(5V DC)

“GND” GND
Signal pin, connected with
“in1”
Arduino and control Relay 1
Signal pin, connected with
“in2”
Arduino and control Relay 2
Signal pin, connected with
“in3”
Arduino and control Relay 3
Signal pin, connected with
“in4”
Arduino and control Relay 4
Common pin, which usually
directly connect with the”
Pin-out Instruction: “COM” Gnd” unless you want to
change the TTL mode( default
“Vcc” Power(5V DC) the HIGH level activate)

“GND” GND “NO” Normally Open Connection

Signal pin, connected with “NC” Normally Closed Connection

“in1”
Arduino and control Relay 1 Common Connection, Which
Signal pin, connected with “C”(middle pin) connected with the power for
“in2” the load.
Arduino and control Relay 2
Signal pin, connected with “Vcc” Power(5V DC)
“in3”
Arduino and control Relay 3 “GND” GND
Signal pin, connected with Signal pin, connected with
“in4” “in1”
Arduino and control Relay 4 Arduino and control Relay 1
Common pin, which usually Signal pin, connected with
directly connect with the” “in2”
Arduino and control Relay 2
“COM” Gnd” unless you want to
Signal pin, connected with
change the TTL mode( default “in3”
Arduino and control Relay 3
the HIGH level activate)
“NO” Signal pin, connected with
Normally Open Connection “in4”
Arduino and control Relay 4
“NC” Normally Closed Connection
Common pin, which usually
Common Connection, Which directly connect with the”
“C”(middle pin) connected with the power for “COM” Gnd” unless you want to
the load. change the TTL mode( default
“Vcc” Power(5V DC) the HIGH level activate)

“GND” GND “NO” Normally Open Connection

Signal pin, connected with

“in1”
Arduino and control Relay 1
Signal pin, connected with
“in2”
Arduino and control Relay 2
Signal pin, connected with
“in3”
Arduino and control Relay 3
Signal pin, connected with
“in4”
Arduino and control Relay 4
Common pin, which usually
directly connect with the”
“COM” Gnd” unless you want to
change the TTL mode( default
the HIGH level activate)
“NO” Normally Open Connection
“NC” Normally Closed Connection
Common Connection, Which
“C”(middle pin) connected with the power for
the load.

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Special Issue - 2019 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
ICONEEEA - 2k19 Conference Proceedings

Arduino and control Relay 1

Signal pin, connected with “Vcc” Power(5V DC)
“in2”
Arduino and control Relay 2 “GND” GND
Signal pin, connected with
“in3” “in1”
Signal pin, connected with
Arduino and control Relay 3 Arduino and control Relay
Signal pin, connected with
“in4” “in2”
Signal pin, connected with
Arduino and control Relay 4 Arduino and control Relay 2
Common pin, which usually Signal pin, connected with
directly connect with the” “in3”
Arduino and control Relay 3
“COM” Gnd” unless you want to
change the TTL mode( default Signal pin, connected with
“in4”
the HIGH level activate) Arduino and control Relay 4
“NO” Normally Open Connection Common pin, which usually
directly connect with the”
“NC” Normally Closed Connection “COM” Gnd” unless you want to
Common Connection, Which change the TTL mode( default
“C”(middle pin) connected with the power for the HIGH level activate)
the load. “NO” Normally Open Connection
“Vcc” Power(5V DC) “NC” Normally Closed Connection
“GND” GND Common Connection, Which
Signal pin, connected with “C”(middle pin) connected with the power for
“in1”
Arduino and control Relay 1
Signal pin, connected with Pin Name Description
“in2”
Arduino and control Relay 2 “Vcc” Power(5V DC)
Signal pin, connected with “GND”
“in3” GND
Arduino and control Relay 3
Signal pin, connected with
“in4”
Signal pin, connected with “in1”
Arduino and control Relay 4 Arduino and control Relay 1
Common pin, which usually Signal pin, connected with
“in2”
directly connect with the” Arduino and control Relay 2
“COM” Gnd” unless you want to
Signal pin, connected with
change the TTL mode( default “in3”
the HIGH level activate) Arduino and control Relay 3
“NO” Signal pin, connected with
Normally Open Connection “in4”
Arduino and control Relay 4
“NC” Normally Closed Connection
Common Connection, Which
Common pin, which usually directly
“C”(middle pin) connect with the” GND” unless you
connected with the power for “COM”
the load. want to change the TTL mode(
default the HIGH level activate)
“Vcc” Power(5V DC)
“NO” Normally Open Connection
“GND” GND
“NC” Normally Closed Connection
Signal pin, connected with
“in1” Common Connection, Which
Arduino and control Relay 1 “C”(middle
connected with the power for the
Signal pin, connected with pin)
“in2” load.
Arduino and control Relay 2
Signal pin, connected with
“in3” Note: the last pin “COM” “NC” “C” are not indicated on
Arduino and control Relay 3
Signal pin, connected with
the Board, because there are no enough place for these.
“in4” 1
Arduino and control Relay 4 But we indicates the by a simple graphic for each Relay
Common pin, which usually terminal.
directly connect with the”
“COM” Gnd” unless you want to
change the TTL mode( default
the HIGH level activate)
“NO” Normally Open Connection
“NC” Normally Closed Connection
Common Connection, Which
“C”(middle pin) connected with the power for
the load.

Volume 7, Issue 02 Published by, www.ijert.org 4

Special Issue - 2019 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
ICONEEEA - 2k19 Conference Proceedings

Circuit diagram:
VI. CONCLUSION
In this paper we have introduced design and
implementation of a low cost, flexible and wireless
solution to the home automation. The system is
secured for access from any user or intruder. The
users are expected to acquire pairing password for
the Arduino BT and the cell phone to access the
home appliances. This adds a protection from
unauthorized users. This system can be used as a test
bed for any appliances that requires on-off switching
applications without any internet connection.

VII. REFERENCES

[1] The official Bluetooth website from BluetoothSIG:

http://www.bluetooth.com
[2] Neng- Shiang Liang; Li-Chen Fu; Chao-Lin Wu. “An
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home automation system in the internet era”. Proceedings
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IDE stands for Integrated Development Technologies (ICcrCCT), Kumaracoil, 2015, pp. 340-343.
Environment, entire programming for proposed system is [4] D. Chowdhry, R. Paranjape and P. Laforge, "Smart home
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Canadian Workshop on information Theory (CWIT), St.
second for serial communication between Arduino board John's, NL, 2015, pp. 75-78.
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vailable 0" is used to receive data serially from smartphone Dzapo , "Smart home automation system for energy efficient
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received byte and then it is compared with different Tnternational Conference on Computing, Communication and
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if (state == '0') %condition check 2011, pp. 192-195.
{ [8] B. Ghazal and K. AI-Khatib, "Smart home automation system
Serial.println("LIGHT ON"); for elderly, and handicapped people using XBee,"
international Journal of Smart Home, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 203-
digitaIWrite(LIGHT, HIGH); %Turn On the Light 210, Apr. 2015.
} [9] Rahul Gogawale, et aI., " Bluetooth remote home automation
if (state == '1 ') %condition check system using android application", international Engineering
{ Research Journal (fERJ), vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 848- 850, 2016.
Serial.println("LIGHT OFF"); [10] "Bluetooth Simple Terminal Application retrieved on June
19,2016 retrieved from <
digitaIWrite(LIGHT, LOW); %Turn OFF the Light hltps:l/play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=wingood.
} bluetooth.btsimpleterminal&hl=en. [Accessed: 06-Feb-2017].

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