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    Synthetic Fibres and Plastics-Notes

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    ARSHAD JAMIL
    The chapter discusses synthetic fibres and plastics. It defines synthetic fibres as man-made fibres created from polymers, such as nylon and rayon. Rayon is called artificial silk because it resembles silk in appearance, texture and shine. The chapter also explains that nylon is a useful synthetic fibre because it is strong, elastic, light, and wrinkle resistant. Additionally, it notes that plastics have properties such as being poor conductors of heat and electricity, insoluble in water, and able to be molded, which allow them to be used for applications like electrical wires, water bottles, and toys.

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    Synthetic Fibres and Plastics-Notes

    Uploaded by

    ARSHAD JAMIL
    174 views2 pages
    The chapter discusses synthetic fibres and plastics. It defines synthetic fibres as man-made fibres created from polymers, such as nylon and rayon. Rayon is called artificial silk because it resembles silk in appearance, texture and shine. The chapter also explains that nylon is a useful synthetic fibre because it is strong, elastic, light, and wrinkle resistant. Additionally, it notes that plastics have properties such as being poor conductors of heat and electricity, insoluble in water, and able to be molded, which allow them to be used for applications like electrical wires, water bottles, and toys.

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    CBSE Class 8-Synthetic Fibres and Plastics-Notes

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    The chapter discusses synthetic fibres and plastics. It defines synthetic fibres as man-made fibres created from polymers, such as nylon and rayon. Rayon is called artificial silk because it resembles silk in appearance, texture and shine. The chapter also explains that nylon is a useful synthetic fibre because it is strong, elastic, light, and wrinkle resistant. Additionally, it notes that plastics have properties such as being poor conductors of heat and electricity, insoluble in water, and able to be molded, which allow them to be used for applications like electrical wires, water bottles, and toys.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    174 views2 pages

    Synthetic Fibres and Plastics-Notes

    Uploaded by

    ARSHAD JAMIL
    The chapter discusses synthetic fibres and plastics. It defines synthetic fibres as man-made fibres created from polymers, such as nylon and rayon. Rayon is called artificial silk because it resembles silk in appearance, texture and shine. The chapter also explains that nylon is a useful synthetic fibre because it is strong, elastic, light, and wrinkle resistant. Additionally, it notes that plastics have properties such as being poor conductors of heat and electricity, insoluble in water, and able to be molded, which allow them to be used for applications like electrical wires, water bottles, and toys.

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    Chapter 3: Synthetic Fibres and Plastics

    1. What are the two types of fibres?


    The two types of fibres are;
     Natural fibres which are obtained from natural sources. E.g. Cotton, silk, wool.
     Synthetic fibres which are man-made E.g. Rayon, nylon, acrylic etc.

    2. What is a polymer?
    The word ‘polymer’ comes from two Greek words ‘poly’ meaning many and ‘mer’
    meaning part or unit. When smaller units of a chemical substance called monomers are
    combined to form a large single unit, it is called a polymer.

    3. List the important properties of nylon that make it a useful synthetic fibre. Give two
    important uses of nylon.

    Following are the properties of nylon which make it a useful synthetic fibre:
     Nylon fibre is very strong and elastic.
     It is light and wrinkle resistant.
     It is easy to wash and it absorbs less water, and so it can be dried quickly.

    The uses of nylon are:


     It is used to make ropes.
     It is useful in making garments, socks and stockings.

    4. Which synthetic fibre is called artificial silk? List its important properties and uses.
    Rayon is called artificial silk. It is made by treating wood pulp chemically.
    The important properties of rayon fibres are:
     Clothes made from rayon are very comfortable in summer because they can absorb
    sweat from the body.
     They are easier to dye in various colours.

    The uses of rayon are:

     It is used to make curtains, table clothes, blankets, bed sheets, carpets etc.
     It is used to make apparels such as jackets, suits, etc.

    5. Why Rayon is called artificial silk?


    Rayon resembles silk in appearance, texture and shine. Hence, it is also known
    as artificial silk.

    6. What are blended fibres? Give some examples.


    Blended fibres are formed by mixing natural and synthetic fibres.
    For Example,
     Terrywool is made by mixing Terylene and wool.
     Terrycot is made by mixing Terylene and cotton.
    7. List and explain four properties of plastics. Give one use of plastics linked to each of
    these properties.
    The four properties of plastics are:
    a) Plastics are poor conductors of heat and electricity. That is why they are used to
    make handles of cooking utensils and electrical wires. Cords of electrical appliances
    and cables also have plastic coating.

    b) Plastics are insoluble in water and that is why we use plastic buckets to store water
    and use plastic glasses to drink water.

    c) Plastics are inert to air and water. They are non-corrosive and therefore plastic
    bottles are used in chemical laboratories to store chemicals.

    d) Plastics easily melt on heating and therefore they can be moulded into different
    shapes. Hence, they are used to make things such as toys, buckets etc.

    8. Give Reasons :

    a) Bakelite plastic is used to make electrical switches.


    Bakelite a thermosetting plastic, it is poor conductor of heat and electricity. Hence,
    would not give an electric shock when someone touches the switch.

    b) Chemicals are stored in plastic bottles.


    Plastic bottles are lightweight, unbreakable, corrosion-resistant, and are resistant to
    the action of chemicals. Hence, they are suitable for storing chemicals.

    c) We should not wear synthetic clothes in the kitchen.


    Synthetic fibres melt on heating. If the clothes catch fire, the fabric made up of
    synthetic fibres will melt and stick to one's body. Hence, it is recommended that one
    should not wear synthetic clothes while working in the kitchen or laboratory.

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