LIGHT

1. A 2 cm high object is placed at a distance of 32 cm from a concave mirror. The image is real,
inverted and 3 cm in size. Find the focal length of the mirror and the position where the image is
formed. (3)

2. (i) Rohit claims to have obtained an image twice the size of object with a concave lens. Is he
correct? Give reason for your answer.
(ii) Where should an object be placed in case of a convex lens to form an image of same size as of
the object? Show with the help of ray diagram the position and nature of the image formed.
(iii) With the help of ray diagram, illustrate the change in position, nature and size of image
formed if the convex lens in case of (ii) is replaced by a concave lens of same focal length. (5)

3. A student obtained a sharp image of a lighted candle on a screen using a convex lens.
Now, he wants to focus a distant lamp on a faraway electric pole. In which direction
should he move the lens for this purpose with respect to the screen, to get a sharp image
on the screen? Justify your answer. (2)

4. When a concave mirror is placed facing the Sun, the Sun’s rays converge to a point 10
cm from the mirror. Now, if you place a 2 cm long candle flame 20 cm away on the
principal axis of the mirror, where would you place a screen to obtain the image of the
candle? What would be the size of the image? Draw a ray diagram to justify your
answer. (2)

5. A student has to project a three times magnified image of a candle flame on a wall.
Name the type of lens (converging/diverging) required for the purpose. If the candle
flame is at a distance of 6 cm from the wall, find the focal length of the lens. (3)

6. Why is convex mirror preferred as rear-view mirror in cars? Write one application of
concave mirror. (3)

7. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1.50. What is the speed of light in
the glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3 X 108 m/s. (3)

8. An object 5 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of

radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and size.(5)

9. A cube of edge 6 cm is placed over a printed page. At what distance from the top surface
of cube will the letters appear when seen from above? Refractive index of glass is 1.5.
(2)
10. A concave lens has focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the lens should a 5 cm
tall object be placed so that it forms an image at 15 cm from the lens? Also calculate the
size of the image formed. (3)
11. An object 50 cm tall in placed on the principal axis of convex lens. Its 20 cm tall image
is formed on the screen placed a distance of 10 cm from the lens. Calculate the focal
length of lens. (3)

12. Draw the ray diagram in each case to show the position and nature of the image formed
when the object is placed : (5)
(i) at the center of the curvature of a concave mirror
(ii) between the pole P and focus F of a concave mirror
(iii) in front of a convex mirror
(iv) At 2F of a convex lens
(v) in front of a concave lens

13. Explain with the help of a diagram, why a pencil partly immersed in water appears to be
bent at the water surface. (2)

14. An object 2cm in size is placed 30cm in front of a concave mirror of a focal length
15cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a
sharp image? What will be the nature and the size of the image formed? Draw a ray
diagram to show the formation of the image in this case. (3)

15. To construct a ray diagram, we use two rays of light which are so chosen that it is easy
to determine their directions after reflection from the mirror.
Choose these two rays and state the path of these rays after reflection from a concave
mirror. Use these two rays to find the nature and position of the image of an object placed
at a distance of 15 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. (5)

16. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30 cm from a spherical lens is
formed on a screen placed on the other side of the lens at a distance of 60 cm from the
optical centre of the lens. Identify the type of lens and calculate its focal length. If the
height of the flame is 3 cm, find the height of its image. (5)

17. (a) State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a
medium and write an expression to relate it with speed of light in vacuum.
(b)The absolute refractive indices of two media ‘A’ and ‘B’ are 2.0 and 1.5 respectively.
If the speed of light in medium ‘B’ is 2 x 108m/s. Calculate the speed of light (i) in
vacuum and (ii) medium ‘A’.(3)

18. (a) Define power of a lens. What is its unit?

(b) One student uses a lens of focal length 50 cm and another of -25 cm. What is the
nature of lens and its power used by each of them? (3)

19. (a) Define absolute refractive index of a medium.

 (b) Light travels through glycerine with a speed of 2.05 X 108m/s. Find the R.I. of
glycerine. (Speed of light in vacuum = 3 X 108m/s) (2)

20. (a) Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed between
infinity and optical centre of a concave lens.
(b) An object 4cm high is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a concave mirror of
focal length 12 cm. Find the position and size of image formed. (5)

21. The absolute refractive indices of glass and water are 4/3 and 3/2 respectively. If the
speed of light in glass is 2 X 108 m/s, calculate the speed of light in (i) vacuum,
(ii)water. (2)

22. If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is
always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it? Draw a ray diagram to justify
your answer. Where and why do we generally use this type of mirror? (3)

23. What is meant by power of a lens? Define its S.I. unit. (5)
You have two lenses A and B of focal lengths +10 cm and – 10 cm respectively. State the
nature and power of each lens. Which of the two lenses will form a virtual and magnified
image of an object placed 8 cm from the lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.

24. One half of a convex lens of focal length 10cm is covered with black paper. Can such a
lens produce an image of a complete object placed at a distance of 30cm from the lens?
Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.
A 4cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal
length 20cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15cm. Find the nature, position
and size of the image. (5)

25. A 4 cm tall object is placed on the principal axis of a convex lens. The distance of the
object from the optical centre of the lens is 12cm and its sharp image is formed at a
distance of 24 cm from it on a screen on the other side of the lens. If the object is now
moved a little away from the lens, in which way(towards the lens or away from the lens)
will he have to move the screen to get a sharp image of the object on it again? How will
the magnification of the image be affected? (2)

26. What is the magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors and why? (2)

27. To find the image-distance for varying object-distances in case of a convex lens, a
student obtains on a screen a sharp image of a bright object placed very far from the
lens. After that he gradually moves the object towards the lens and each time focuses its
image of the screen. (a) In which direction – towards or away from the lens, does he
move the screen to focus the object? (b) What happens to the size of image – does it
 increase or decrease? (c) What happen when he moves the object very close to the lens?
(2)
28. An object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length
10 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm. Find nature and position of
image. (2)

29. (i) Define power of a lens and write its SI unit.

(ii) The image of an object formed by a convex lens is of the same size as the object. If
the image is formed at a distance of 50cm from the lens, at what distance from the lens is
the object placed? Find the focal length and power of the lens used. (3)

30. (i) A ray of light AB is incident on a glass slab as shown. Mention the values of angle of
incidence and angle of refraction for this ray of light
(ii) Light enters from air into a glass plate having
refraction index 1.5. Calculate the speed of light in glass.
(speed of light in air = 3X 108 m/s) (3)

31. Name the type of mirror (s) that should be used to obtain
i) A magnified and virtual image
ii) A diminished and virtual image of an object
Draw labelled ray diagrams to show the formation of the required image in each of the
above two cases. Which of these mirrors could also form a magnified and real image of
object? State the position of the object for which this could happen. (5)

32. (a) Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases to show the position and nature of the
image formed when the object is placed
(i) Between optical centre and principle focus(F) of a convex lens.
(ii) Between F and 2F of a convex lens.
(iii) At 2F of a convex lens.
(b) How will the nature and position of image formed change in case (i) and (ii) in part (a) of the
question if the lens is replaced by aconcave lens? (5)

33. (a) State Snell’s Law of refraction. (b) Define refractive index of a medium and
express it mathematically. (2)

34. Define the following terms for a lens with the help of diagram. (a) Optical centre (b)
Principal axis (c) Principal focus. (3)

35. Draw the image formation by a concave mirror of focal length 15cm for the following
positions of object (diagrams may not be drawn to the scale) Indicate the nature and
relative size of image (i) object is placed at 30cm from mirror (ii) object is placed at
10cm from mirror (3)
36. (a) Explain the difference between a converging and diverging lens with the help of
diagram. (b) Power of a lens is - 1.5 D. What is the nature of this lens? (3)

37. (a) Illustrate with the help of ray diagram for a concave mirror the following terms –
(i) Principal focus (ii) Center of curvature
(b) The image of a candle flame formed by a lens is obtained on a screen placed on the
other side of the lens. If the image is three times the size of the flame and the distance
between lens and image is 80cm, at which distance should the candle be placed from the
lens? What is the nature of the lens? Also give the nature and position of image. (5)

38. An object 2cm high when placed in front of a converging mirror produces a virtual
image 3cm high. If the object is placed at a distance of 8cm from the pole of the mirror,
calculate (i) the position of the image (ii) the focal length of the converging mirror.
(3)
39. State the type of lens used as a simple magnifying glass. Draw a labelled ray diagram to
show the image formation by this lens. List the characteristics of the image formed. (3)

40. (i) Find the value of the angle of reflection when an incident ray makes an angle of 40o
with a plane mirror. (ii) Light enters from air into water which has a refractive index of
1.33. Calculate the speed of light in water. (speed of light in air is 3 x 108 m/s.) (3)

41. Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases to show the position and nature of the
image formed when the object is placed (i) between pole and principal focus of a
concave mirror. (ii) between centre of curvature and principal focus of a concave
mirror. Name the type of mirror which can be used to obtain a diminished and virtual
image of an object. Mention an application of such a mirror . Draw a labelled ray
diagram to show the formation of the required image in the mirror. (5)

42. Name the type of lens that can be used to obtain : (i) A magnified and virtual image.
(ii) A diminished and virtual image of the object. Draw labelled ray diagrams to show
the formation of the required image in each of the above two cases. Which of these
lenses can also form a magnified and real image of the object? Draw labelled ray
diagram to show the position of object and image for such a lens. (5)

43. List two possible ways in which a concave mirror can produce a magnified image of an
object placed in front of it. State the difference, if any, between these two images. (2)

44. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 60 cm in front of a
mirror by keeping the flame at a distance of 15 cm from its pole. (a) Write the type of
mirror he should use. (b) Find the linear magnification of the image produced. (c) What
is the distance between the object and its image? (d) Draw a ray diagram to show the
image formation in this case. (3)
45. (a) Explain the following terms related to spherical lenses :
(i) optical centre
(ii) centres of curvature
(iii) principal axis
(iv) aperture
(v) principal focus
(vi) focal length
(b) A converging lens has focal length of 12 cm. Calculate at what distance should the
object be placed from the lens so that it forms an image at 48 cm on the other side of the
lens. (5)

46. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the refracted ray in each of the following cases :
A ray of light incident on a concave lens is (i) passing through its optical centre. (ii)
parallel to its principal axis. (iii) directed towards its principal focus. (3)

47. ‘‘A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm can form a magnified erect as well as inverted
image of an object placed in front of it.’’ Justify this statement stating the position of the
object with respect to the pole of the mirror in both cases for obtaining the images. (2)

48. The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is +1/3.

Analysing this value state the (i) type of mirror and (ii) position of the object with respect
to the pole of the mirror. Draw ray diagram to justify your answer. (2)

49. A student wants to obtain an erect image of an object using a concave mirror of 12 cm
focal length. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? State
the nature and size of the image he is likely to observe. Draw a ray diagram to justify
your answer. (3)

50. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 40 cm from a spherical lens is
formed on a screen placed on the other side of the lens at a distance of 40 cm from the
lens. Identify the type of lens and write its focal length. What will be the nature of the
image formed if the candle flame is shifted 25 cm towards the lens? Draw a ray diagram
to justify your answer. (3)