Sample Manual

SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
B.TECH. COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CSE2004 – DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSLAB
Hard copy of Lab manual

Lab Manual
Ex. No : 1 – DDL and DML
Question:
Create the following schemas
student(regno, sname, cgpa)
course(ccode, cname, credits)
faculty(empid, fname, designation, salary)
SQL Query :
create table student(regno varchar(9), sname varchar(20), cgpa number(2));
create table course(ccode varchar(9), cname varchar(20), credits
number(3));
create table faculty(empid varchar(9), fname varchar(20), designation
varchar(20), salary number(7));
Output:
Table created.
Table created.
Table created.
Question: Add email id attribute to student relation and describe the

structure
SQL> alter table student add email varchar(30);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SQL> desc student;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regno | varchar(9) | YES | | NULL | |
| sname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| cgpa | int(2) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Question: Change the data type of sname in student relation and describe
the structure
SQL> alter table student modify sname integer(20);

SQL> desc student;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sname | int(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: Change the size of any attribute and describe the structure
SQL> alter table faculty modify fname varchar(30);

SQL> desc faculty;

+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| empid | varchar(9) | YES | | NULL | |
| fname | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | |
| designation | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| salary | int(7) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: Add phone number attribute to student relation and describe the
structure
SQL> alter table student add phone integer(10);
SQL> desc student;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| phone | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: Rename the empid attribute as fid in faculty relation and

describe the structure
SQL> alter table faculty rename column empid to fid;
SQL> desc faculty;

+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| fid | varchar(9) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: Delete the email id attribute from student and describe the
structure
SQL> alter table student drop column email;
SQL> desc student;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| phone | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: Insert 5 records each to all the schemas

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1001','harsh',9,8979867898);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1002','alex',9.3,8979867899);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1003','abhi',8.9,8979867800);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1004','virat',7.8,8979867810);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1005','anmol',8.3,8979867811);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1001,'mohan','prof.',30000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1002,'rohan','prof.',300000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1003,'mona','asst. prof.',10000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1004,'tony','asst. prof.',10000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1005,'john','prof.',100000);

SQL> insert into course values('c1011','DBMS',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c2034','IWP',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c3004','ML',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c4014','AI',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c1002','DLD',4);
Question: Display the contents of all the schemas

SQL> select * from student;
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
| regno | sname | cgpa | phone |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 |
| 16BCE1002 | alex | 9.3 | 8979867899 |
| 16BCE1003 | abhi | 8.9 | 8979867800 |
| 16BCE1004 | virat | 7.8 | 8979867810 |
| 16BCE1005 | anmol | 8.3 | 8979867811 |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
SQL> select * from faculty;

+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| fid | fname | designation | salary |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 1001 | mohan | prof. | 30000 |
| 1002 | rohan | prof. | 300000 |
| 1003 | mona | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1004 | tony | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1005 | john | prof. | 100000 |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
SQL> select * from course;

+-------+-------+---------+
| ccode | cname | credits |
+-------+-------+---------+
| c1011 | DBMS | 4 |
| c2034 | IWP | 4 |
| c3004 | ML | 4 |
| c4014 | AI | 4 |
| c1002 | DLD | 4 |
+-------+-------+---------+
Question: Copy the contents of student table and name the table as student
new.
SQL> create table student_new as select * from student;
SQL> select * from student_new;
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 |
| 16BCE1002 | alex | 9.3 | 8979867899 |
| 16BCE1003 | abhi | 8.9 | 8979867800 |
| 16BCE1004 | virat | 7.8 | 8979867810 |
| 16BCE1005 | anmol | 8.3 | 8979867811 |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
Question: Delete the contents of student new table, describe the structure
and display the contents of the table
SQL> truncate table student_new;
SQL> desc student_new;

+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cgpa | float | YES | | NULL | |
| phone | bigint(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

Empty set (0.01 sec)
Question: Delete the structure of student new table , describe the
structure and display the contents of the table
faculty(empid, fname, designation)
SQL> drop table student_new;
SQL> desc student_new;

ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'dbms.student_new' doesn't exist
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'dbms.student_new' doesn't exist
SQL> desc student;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cgpa | float | YES | | NULL | |
| phone | bigint(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

+-----------+-------+------+------------+
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 |
| 16BCE1002 | alex | 9.3 | 8979867899 |
| 16BCE1003 | abhi | 8.9 | 8979867800 |
| 16BCE1004 | virat | 7.8 | 8979867810 |
| 16BCE1005 | anmol | 8.3 | 8979867811 |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
SQL> desc faculty;

+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| fid | varchar(9) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

+------+-------+-------------+--------+
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 1001 | mohan | prof. | 30000 |
| 1002 | rohan | prof. | 300000 |
| 1003 | mona | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1004 | tony | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1005 | john | prof. | 100000 |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
SQL> desc course;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| ccode | varchar(9) | YES | | NULL | |
| cname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| credits | int(2) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

+-------+-------+---------+
+-------+-------+---------+
| c1011 | DBMS | 4 |
| c2034 | IWP | 4 |
| c3004 | ML | 4 |
| c4014 | AI | 4 |
| c1002 | DLD | 4 |
+-------+-------+---------+
Question: Insert required records to all tables.
Question: List all student details whose cgpa is > 8

SQL> select * from student where cgpa>8;
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 |
| 16BCE1002 | alex | 9.3 | 8979867899 |
| 16BCE1003 | abhi | 8.9 | 8979867800 |
| 16BCE1005 | anmol | 8.3 | 8979867811 |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+
Question: List the name of faculty whose designation is ‘professor’
SQL> select * from faculty where designation='prof.';
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 1001 | mohan | prof. | 30000 |
| 1002 | rohan | prof. | 300000 |
| 1005 | john | prof. | 100000 |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
Question: List the course list with 2 credits

SQL> select * from course where credits=2;
Question: List the name and designation of the faculty who receives salary
between 1 lakh and 2 lakhs
SQL> select fname,designation from faculty where salary>100000 and
salary<200000;
Question: Sort the faculty details in ascending order based on the salary
they receive.
SQL> select * from faculty order by salary asc;
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 1003 | mona | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1004 | tony | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1001 | mohan | prof. | 30000 |
| 1005 | john | prof. | 100000 |
| 1002 | rohan | prof. | 300000 |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
Question: Sort the designation of the faculty by descending order and name
of the faculty in ascending order.
SQL> select * from faculty order by designation desc, fname asc;
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 1005 | john | prof. | 100000 |
| 1001 | mohan | prof. | 30000 |
| 1002 | rohan | prof. | 300000 |
| 1003 | mona | asst. prof. | 10000 |
| 1004 | tony | asst. prof. | 10000 |
+------+-------+-------------+--------+
Question: List the course names which has more than 3 credits
SQL> select * from course where credits>3;
+-------+-------+---------+
+-------+-------+---------+
| c1011 | DBMS | 4 |
| c2034 | IWP | 4 |
| c3004 | ML | 4 |
| c4014 | AI | 4 |
| c1002 | DLD | 4 |
+-------+-------+---------+
Question: List the name of the student whose name starts with ‘r’ and ends
with ‘i’
SQL> select sname from student where sname like 'r%i';
Question: List the course name which has ‘t’ in it.

SQL> select cname from course where cname like '%t%';
Ex. No 2 – Constraints
Question: Create the following tables and apply constraints as

follows
1. Books Table:
a. isbn – primary key
b. title - unique
c. price – not null
d. qty – not null
2. Authors Table:
a. authorId – primary key
b. email
3. Book_Authors:
a. isbn – foreign key references books table
b. authorId – foreign key references authors table
SQL Query:
create table books(isbn varchar(10), title varchar(20), price
float(5) not null, qty int(3) not null, constraint myuni1
unique(title), constraint pk primary key(isbn));
create table author(authorID varchar(10), name varchar(30),
email varchar(20), constraint pk primary key(authorID));
create table ba(isbn varchar(10), authorID varchar(10),
constraint fk1 foreign key(isbn) references books(isbn),
constraint fk2 foreign key(authorID) references
author(authorID));
desc books;
desc author;
desc ba;
Output:
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| isbn | varchar(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| title | varchar(20) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
| price | float | NO | | NULL | |
| qty | int(3) | NO | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| authorID | varchar(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| isbn | varchar(10) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| authorID | varchar(10) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1. Constraints
Question: a. Add not null constraint to title in books table
Query:
alter table books modify title varchar2(20) not null;
desc books;
Output:
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| title | varchar(20) | NO | UNI | NULL | |
| price | float | NO | | NULL | |
| qty | int(3) | NO | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: b. Add unique constraint to email in authors table
Query:
alter table author add constraint myuni1 unique(email);
desc author;
Output:
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| authorID | varchar(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| email | varchar(20) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: c. Alter not null constraint in price attribute in

books table and set the check constraint so that value is
greater than 0.0
Query:
alter table books modify price float(5) null;
alter table books add constraint chk1 check(price>0.0);
desc books;
Output:
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| price | float | YES | | NULL | |
| qty | int(3) | NO | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: d. Drop not null constraint in books table - qty

attribute
Query:
alter table books modify qty int(3) null;
desc books;
Output:
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| qty | int(3) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: e. Set a default value of qty in books table as 0
Query:
alter table books alter qty int set default 0;
desc books;
Output:
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| qty | int(3) | YES | | 0 | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
Question: f. Drop any one foreign key constraint.
Query:
alter table ba drop foreign key fk1;
desc ba;
alter table ba drop foreign key fk1;
Output:
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| isbn | varchar(10) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| authorID | varchar(10) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
ERROR 1091 (42000): Can't DROP 'fk1'; check that column/key

exists
Question: a. List the authorid without repetition from

book_authors
Query: select distinct authorID from ba;

Output:
+----------+
| authorID |
+----------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+----------+
Question: b. Update the email of an author
Query:
update author set email='kelvinjones@xyz.com' where authorID=4;
select * from author;
Output:
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
| authorID | name | email |
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
| 1 | Tan Ah Teck | teck@nowhere.com |
| 2 | Mohamed Ali | ali@somewhere.com |
| 3 | Kumar | kumar@abc.com |
| 4 | Kelvin Jones | kelvinjones@xyz.com |
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
Question: c. Insert records as given in the above tables
SQL> insert into books values(1001,'Java for Dummies',11.11,11);

SQL> insert into books values(1002,'Only Java',22.22,22);

SQL> insert into books values(1003,'Java ABC',33.33,33);

SQL> insert into books values(1004,'Java 123',44.44,44);

SQL> insert into author values(1,'Tan Ah

Teck','teck@nowhere.com');
SQL> insert into author values(2,'Mohamed

Ali','ali@somewhere.com');
SQL> insert into author values(3,'Kumar','kumar@abc.com');

SQL> insert into author values(4,'Kelvin

Jones','kelvin@xzy.com');
SQL> insert into ba values(1001,1);







SQL> select * from books;
+------+------------------+-------+------+
| isbn | title | price | qty |
+------+------------------+-------+------+
| 1001 | Java for Dummies | 11.11 | 11 |
| 1002 | Only Java | 22.22 | 22 |
| 1003 | Java ABC | 33.33 | 33 |
| 1004 | Java 123 | 44.44 | 44 |
+------+------------------+-------+------+
SQL> select * from author;

+----------+--------------+-------------------+
+----------+--------------+-------------------+
| 4 | Kelvin Jones | kelvin@xzy.com |
+----------+--------------+-------------------+
SQL> select * from ba;

+------+----------+
| isbn | authorID |
+------+----------+
| 1001 | 1 |
| 1001 | 2 |
| 1001 | 3 |
| 1002 | 1 |
| 1002 | 3 |
| 1003 | 2 |
| 1004 | 2 |
+------+----------+
Question: d. Increase the price of all books with 10% of its

price
Query:
update books set price=price*1.1;
select * from books;
Output:
+------+------------------+--------+------+
+------+------------------+--------+------+
| 1001 | Java for Dummies | 12.221 | 11 |
| 1002 | Only Java | 24.442 | 22 |
| 1003 | Java ABC | 36.663 | 33 |
| 1004 | Java 123 | 48.884 | 44 |
+------+------------------+--------+------+
Question: e. Sort the authors table in ascending order based on

their names
Query: select * from author order by name;
Output:
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
| 4 | Kelvin Jones | kelvinjones@xyz.com |
+----------+--------------+---------------------+
Question: f. Sort the books table by price in descending and qty

in ascending order.
Query: select * from books order by price desc, qty asc;

Output:
+------+------------------+--------+------+
+------+------------------+--------+------+
| 1004 | Java 123 | 48.884 | 44 |
| 1003 | Java ABC | 36.663 | 33 |
| 1002 | Only Java | 24.442 | 22 |
| 1001 | Java for Dummies | 12.221 | 11 |
+------+------------------+--------+------+
Ex. No 3 – Aggregation Functions
1. Add school attribute to student relation and update the

value for all students.
SQL> update student set school='cse' where regno='16BCE1001';

SQL> update student set school='cse' where regno='16BCE1002';

SQL> update student set school='it' where regno='16BCE1003';

SQL> update student set school='ece' where regno='16BCE1004';

SQL> update student set school='ecm' where regno='16BCE1005';


+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+
| regno | sname | cgpa | phone | school |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 | cse |
| 16BCE1002 | alex | 9.3 | 8979867899 | cse |
| 16BCE1003 | abhi | 8.9 | 8979867800 | it |
| 16BCE1004 | virat | 7.8 | 8979867810 | ece |
| 16BCE1005 | anmol | 8.3 | 8979867811 | ecm |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+
2. Count the number of courses with keyword ‘data’
SQL> select count(*) from course where cname like '%data%';

+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3. Display the total credits
SQL> select sum(credits) from course;

+--------------+
| sum(credits) |
+--------------+
| 20 |
+--------------+
4. Display the average cgpa for each school
SQL> select school,avg(cgpa) from student group by school;

+--------+-------------------+
| school | avg(cgpa) |
+--------+-------------------+
| cse | 9.150000095367432 |
| it | 8.899999618530273 |
| ece | 7.800000190734863 |
| ecm | 8.300000190734863 |
+--------+-------------------+
5. Display the maximum and minimum cgpa for each school
SQL> select school,max(cgpa),min(cgpa) from student group by

school;
+--------+-----------+-----------+
| school | max(cgpa) | min(cgpa) |
+--------+-----------+-----------+
| cse | 9.3 | 9 |
| it | 8.9 | 8.9 |
| ece | 7.8 | 7.8 |
| ecm | 8.3 | 8.3 |
+--------+-----------+-----------+
6. Display the maximum of average cgpa for each school
Since, we cannot use nested functions in SQL, I have used sub-

queries for the given question.
SQL> select max(x.average) from (select avg(cgpa) as average

from student group by school) x;
+-------------------+
| max(x.average) |
+-------------------+
| 9.150000095367432 |
+-------------------+
7. Display the number of students whose cgpa is >9

SQL> select count(cgpa) from student where cgpa>9;
+-------------+
| count(cgpa) |
+-------------+
| 1 |
+-------------+
Ex. No 4 – Joins
1. List the students details who have taken c1002 [cartesian

product and implicit inner join]
The cartesian product and the implicit inner join are the same.
SQL> select * from student,course_student where

student.regno=course_student.regno and ccode='c1002';
+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+-----------
+-------+
| regno | sname | cgpa | phone | school | regno |
ccode |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+-----------
+-------+
| 16BCE1001 | harsh | 9 | 8979867898 | cse | 16BCE1001 |
c1002 |
| 16BCE1004 | virat | 7.8 | 8979867810 | ece | 16BCE1004 |
c1002 |
+-----------+-------+------+------------+--------+-----------
+-------+
2. List the faculty names with designation “Professor” who

teaches CSE2004 [Natural Join and Explicit Inner Join]
SQL> select fname from faculty natural join course_faculty where
designation='prof.' and ccode='c1002';
+-------+
| fname |
+-------+
| mohan |
+-------+
SQL> select fname from faculty inner join course_faculty where

designation='prof.' and ccode='c1002';
+-------+
| fname |
+-------+
| mohan |
| rohan |
| john |
+-------+
3. List the courses with more than 2 credits which was taught
by the faculty “mohan” [Equi Join and Non Equi Join]
SQL> select c.ccode,c.cname from faculty f, course_faculty cf,

course c where f.fid=cf.fid and cf.ccode=c.ccode and
f.fname='mohan' and c.credits>2;
+-------+-------+
| ccode | cname |
+-------+-------+
| c1002 | DLD |
+-------+-------+
SQL> select c.ccode,c.cname from faculty f, course_faculty cf,

course c where f.fid>=cf.fid and cf.ccode>=c.ccode and
f.fname='mohan' and c.credits>2;
+-------+-------+
| ccode | cname |
+-------+-------+
| c1002 | DLD |
+-------+-------+
4. List the students with >9 CGPA and has taken CSE3002 course
taught by “Prof. Sai” [Cross Join and Left Outer Join]
SQL> select distinct student.regno, student.sname from student

cross join course_student cross join course cross join
course_faculty cross join faculty where student.cgpa>9 and
course.cname='DBMS' and faculty.fname='rohan';
+-----------+-------+
| regno | sname |
+-----------+-------+
| 16BCE1002 | alex |
+-----------+-------+
SQL> select s.sname, s.regno from student s left outer join

course_student cs on s.regno=cs.regno left outer join course c
on cs.ccode=c.ccode left outer join course_faculty cf on
c.ccode=cf.ccode left outer join faculty f on cf.fid=f.fid where
s.cgpa>9 and c.cname='DBMS' and f.fname='rohan';
+-------+-----------+
| sname | regno |
+-------+-----------+
| alex | 16BCE1002 |
+-------+-----------+
5. List the register number, name, course code, course name and
faculty empid, name involved in the course CSE1001 [Right Outer
and Full Outer Join]
SQL> select s.sname, s.regno, c.ccode, c.cname, f.fid, f.fname

from student s right outer join course_student cs on
s.regno=cs.regno right outer join course c on cs.ccode=c.ccode
right outer join course_faculty cf on c.ccode=cf.ccode right
outer join faculty f on cf.fid=f.fid where c.ccode='c1002';
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
| sname | regno | ccode | cname | fid | fname |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
| harsh | 16BCE1001 | c1002 | DLD | 1001 | mohan |
| virat | 16BCE1004 | c1002 | DLD | 1001 | mohan |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
Since, There is not full outer join command in SQL I have

implemented it using union command.
SQL> select s.sname, s.regno, c.ccode, c.cname, f.fid, f.fname

from student s right outer join course_student cs on
s.regno=cs.regno right outer join course c on cs.ccode=c.ccode
right outer join course_faculty cf on c.ccode=cf.ccode right
outer join faculty f on cf.fid=f.fid where c.ccode='c1002' union
select s.sname, s.regno, c.ccode, c.cname, f.fid, f.fname from
student s left outer join course_student cs on s.regno=cs.regno
left outer join course c on cs.ccode=c.ccode left outer join
course_faculty cf on c.ccode=cf.ccode left outer join faculty f
on cf.fid=f.fid where c.cname='c1002';
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
| sname | regno | ccode | cname | fid | fname |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
| harsh | 16BCE1001 | c1002 | DLD | 1001 | mohan |
| virat | 16BCE1004 | c1002 | DLD | 1001 | mohan |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+------+-------+
Ex. No 6 – Revision
REGNO SNAME CGPA

--------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9
16BCE1002 abhishek 9
16BCE1003 swapnil 9
16BCE1004 mudit 9
16BCE1005 kaushik 8
EMPID FNAME DESIGNATION

----- -------------------- ----------------
f1001 alok prof.
f1002 ashok asst. prof.
f1003 neha prof.
f1004 radha asst. prof.
f1005 tony prof.
SQL> select * from course_student;
REGNO CCODE
--------- ----------
16BCE1001 CSE1004
16BCE1001 CSE3002
16BCE1001 HUM1001
16BCE1001 CHY1002
16BCE1002 CSE3002
16BCE1003 CSE2004
16BCE1004 CSE1004
16BCE1005 CSE3002
8 rows selected.
SQL> select * from course faculty;
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE1004 networks 4
CSE2004 dbms 4
HUM1001 humanities 2
CSE3002 iwp 4
CHY1002 chemistry 3
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE1004 networks 4
CSE2004 dbms 4
CSE3002 iwp 4
CHY1002 chemistry 3
1. List the students who have took CSE2004 taught by Prof. alok
SQL> select regno from course_student natural join
course_faculty natural join faculty where ccode='CSE2004' and
fname='alok';
REGNO
---------
16BCE1003
2. Count the number of students who have taken CSE3002 under

faculty id f1005
SQL> select count(regno) from course_student natural join

course_faculty where ccode='CSE3002' and empid='f1005';
COUNT(REGNO)
------------
3
3. Count the students who have got >8.5 CGPA whose name starts
with a
SQL> select * from student where cgpa>8.5 and sname like 'a%';
REGNO SNAME CGPA

--------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1002 abhishek 9
4. List the faculty members who teaches C and OS
SQL> select fname from course natural join course_faculty

natural join faculty where cname='dbms' or cname='networks';
FNAME
--------------------
ashok
alok
5. Name the course which has more than 6 characters in it

SQL> select * from course where length(cname)>6;
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE1004 networks 4
CHY1002 chemistry 3
6. List the courses with more than 3 credits which was took by
the student harsh
SQL> select cname from course_student natural join course

natural join student where credits>3 and sname='harsh';
CNAME
--------------------
networks
7. Count the number of courses taught by Prof. Ashok
SQL> select count(ccode) from course_faculty natural join

faculty where fname='ashok';
COUNT(CCODE)
------------
2
8. Count the courses which was not taken by the student geeta
SQL> select 5-count(ccode) from course_student natural join

student where sname='harsh';
5-COUNT(CCODE)
--------------
1
9. Name all designations of the faculty members who have

exactly 4 characters in their names
SQL> select designation from faculty where length(fname)=4;

DESIGNATION
--------------------
prof.
prof.
prof.
10. List the student details with their faculty details
SQL> select regno,sname,cgpa,empid,fname,designation from

course_student natural join course_faculty natural join student
natural join faculty;
REGNO SNAME CGPA EMPID FNAME

--------- -------------------- ---------- -----
--------------------
DESIGNATION
--------------------
16BCE1001 harsh 9 f1004 radha
asst. prof.
16BCE1001 harsh 9 f1003 neha

prof.
16BCE1001 harsh 9 f1005 tony

prof.

--------- -------------------- ---------- -----
--------------------
DESIGNATION
--------------------
16BCE1001 harsh 9 f1002 ashok
asst. prof.
16BCE1002 abhishek 9 f1005 tony

prof.
16BCE1003 swapnil 9 f1001 alok

prof.

--------- -------------------- ---------- -----
--------------------
DESIGNATION
--------------------
16BCE1004 mudit 9 f1002 ashok
asst. prof.
16BCE1005 kaushik 8 f1005 tony

prof.
8 rows selected.
Ex. No 6 – Set Operations and Subqueries
With the following created table

faculty(empid, fname, designation)
course_student(regno, ccode)
course_faculty(fid, ccode)
student_faculty(regno,fid,role)
OLD TABLES:
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 8.9
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1002 abhishek 8.8
16BCE1003 sqapnil 8.4
16BCE1005 mudit 8.8
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE2004 dbms 4
CSE1002 chemistry 4
CSE1004 networks 4
CSE3002 iwp 4
EMPID FNAME DESIGNATION

---------- -------------------- --------------------
f1001 alok prof.
f1005 tony prof.
f1002 ashok asst. prof.
f1003 neha prof.
f1004 radha asst. prof.
REGNO CCODE
---------- ----------
16BCE1001 HUM1001
16BCE1003 HUM1001
16BCE1003 CSE2004
16BCE1001 CSE1004
16BCE1001 CSE3002
16BCE1001 CSE1002
16BCE1002 CSE3002
16BCE1004 CSE1004
16BCE1005 CSE3002
16BCE1003 CSE2004
10 rows selected.
SQL> select * from course_faculty;
CCODE EMPID
---------- ----------
CSE2004 f1003
CSE3002 f1004
CSE1004 f1002
CSE1002 f1001
HUM1001 f1005
SQL> select * from student_faculty;
REGNO EMPID ROLE

---------- ---------- --------------------
16BCE1001 f1002 teacher
16BCE1001 f1003 proctor
REGNO EMPID ROLE

---------- ---------- --------------------
15 rows selected.
Write SQL Queries for the following:
Part A – Set Operations

1. List the courses which are handled by a faculty and have
students registered it.
SQL> select ccode from course_faculty intersect select ccode

from course_student;
CCODE
----------
CSE1002
CSE1004
CSE2004
CSE3002
HUM1001
2. List the courses which are handled by a faculty and have no

students registered in it.
SQL> select ccode from course_faculty minus select ccode from

course_student;
no rows selected
3. List the courses which are not handled by any faculty
SQL> select ccode from course minus select ccode from

course_faculty;
no rows selected
4. List the students who haven’t registered for any course.
SQL> select regno from student minus select regno from

course_student;
no rows selected
5. List the faculty who are not handling any courses.
SQL> select empid from faculty minus select empid from

course_faculty;
no rows selected
Part B – Sub queries
With Select
6. List the students’ regno who took courses with credits more
than 3
SQL> select regno from course_student where ccode in (select

ccode from course where credits>3);
REGNO
----------
16BCE1003
16BCE1003
16BCE1004
16BCE1001
16BCE1005
16BCE1002
16BCE1001
7 rows selected.
7. List the faculty details who are not Professors and

Associate Professors
SQL> select * from faculty where designation not in ('asst.

prof.','prof.');
no rows selected
With Update
8. Increase the cgpa by 0.5 for the students who have taken
CSE3002
SQL> update student set cgpa=cgpa+0.5 where regno in(select

regno from course_student where ccode='CSE3002');
3 rows updated.
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.4
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
9. Update the credits of the courses except CSE3002
SQL> update course set credits=3 where ccode in (select ccode

from course where ccode != 'CSE3002');
4 rows updated.
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE2004 dbms 3
CSE1002 chemistry 3
CSE1004 networks 3
CSE3002 iwp 4
With Delete
10. Delete all courses which was not taken by any of the
students
SQL> delete from course where ccode in (select ccode from course
minus select ccode from course_student);
0 rows deleted.
Subquery with aggregation
11. List the student registernumber with maximum cgpa.
SQL> select regno from student where cgpa=(select max(cgpa) from

student);
REGNO
----------
16BCE1001
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.4
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
Ex. No 7 – PL/SQL Basics
1. Write a PL/SQL structure to find the greatest number among

three numbers using if-else.
SQL> declare
2 a number:=10;
3 b number:=20;
4 c number:=30;
5 begin
6 if(a>b and a>c) then
7 dbms_output.put_line('a is greatest');
8 elsif(b>a and b>c) then
9 dbms_output.put_line('b is greatest');
10 else
11 dbms_output.put_line('c is greatest');
12 end if;
13 end;
14 /
c is greatest
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
2. Write a PL/SQL structure to find a given number is Armstrong

number or not using loops.
[Individual digits cube is summed – result will be the original
number]
Example 1:
a=153
b=1^3+5^3+3^3 = 1+125+27=153
a=153 is equal to b=153, so 153 is an Armstrong number.
SQL> declare
2 n integer:=153;
3 s integer:=0;
4 r integer;
5 m integer;
6 begin
7 m:=n;
8 while m>0
9 loop
10 r:=mod(m,10); --mod is used to find the
remainder
11 s:=s+(r*r*r);
12 m:=trunc(m/10); --trunc is used to reduce
decimal points to avoid round operation
13 end loop;
14 if n=s
15 then
16 dbms_output.put_line('Armstrong Number');
17 else
18 dbms_output.put_line('Not an Armstrong Number');
19 end if;
20 end;
21 /
Armstrong Number
3. Write a PL/SQL structure to find addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division of two numbers using ‘case’
SQL> declare
2 a number:=10;
3 b number:=20;
4 c number;
5 ch varchar(20);
6 begin
7 ch:='add';
8 case ch
9 when 'add' then
10 c:=a+b;
11 dbms_output.put_line('Addition is '||c);
12 when 'subtract' then
13 c:=a-b;
14 dbms_output.put_line('Subtraction is '||
c);
15 when 'multiply' then
16 c:=a*b;
17 dbms_output.put_line('Multiplication is
'||c);
18 when 'divide' then
19 c:=a/b;
20 dbms_output.put_line('Division is '||c);
21 end case;
22 end;
23 /
Addition is 30

Ex. No. 8 – PL/SQL Functions and Procedures
For the already created table of student schema,

Student(regno, name, cgpa)
Course(ccode, cname, credits)
Student_course( regno, ccode)
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.4
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE2004 dbms 3
CSE1002 chemistry 3
CSE1004 networks 3
CSE3002 iwp 4
REGNO CCODE
---------- ----------
16BCE1001 HUM1001
16BCE1003 HUM1001
16BCE1003 CSE2004
16BCE1001 CSE1004
16BCE1001 CSE3002
16BCE1001 CSE1002
16BCE1002 CSE3002
16BCE1004 CSE1004
16BCE1005 CSE3002
16BCE1003 CSE2004
10 rows selected.
1. Write a PL/SQL procedure to update the cgpa of the student

with regno 101
SQL> create or replace procedure pro_update(x1 number, x2

varchar2) as
2 Begin
3 update student set cgpa=x1 where regno=x2;
4 dbms_output.put_line('Record Updated');
5 end;
6 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec pro_update(9.3,'16BCE1001');

Record Updated
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.3
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
2. Write a function to find the maximum cgpa of all the

students.
SQL> create or replace function cgpa

2 return number is
3 a number;
4 begin
5 select max(cgpa) into a
6 from student;
7 return a;
8 end;
9 /
Function created.
SQL> begin
2 dbms_output.put_line('Maximum cgpa is '||cgpa());
3 end;
4 /
Maximum cgpa is 9.3
3. Insert a column named marks in student_course relation and

update the column values.
SQL> begin
2 execute immediate 'alter table course_student add marks
number';
3 end;
4 /
SQL> desc course_student;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
REGNO VARCHAR2(10)
CCODE VARCHAR2(10)
MARKS NUMBER
SQL> create or replace procedure pro_update(x1 number, x2
varchar2, x3 varchar2) as
2 Begin
3 update course_student set marks=x1 where regno=x2 and
ccode=x3;
4 dbms_output.put_line('Record Updated');
5 end;
6 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec pro_update(83,'16BCE1001','HUM1001');

Record Updated
SQL> exec pro_update(87,'16BCE1003','HUM1001');

Record Updated
SQL> exec pro_update(80,'16BCE1003','CSE2004');

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated

Record Updated
REGNO CCODE MARKS

---------- ---------- ----------
16BCE1001 HUM1001 83
16BCE1003 HUM1001 87
16BCE1003 CSE2004 87
16BCE1001 CSE1004 84
16BCE1001 CSE3002 98
16BCE1001 CSE1002 90
16BCE1002 CSE3002 92
16BCE1004 CSE1004 87
16BCE1005 CSE3002 87
16BCE1003 CSE2004 87
10 rows selected.
4. Get the marks of the the regno 102 and display his grade
SQL> create or replace procedure pro_display(x1 varchar2) as

2 begin
3 for rec in(select marks,ccode from course_student where
regno=x1)
4 loop
5 dbms_output.put_line('CCODE: '||rec.ccode);
6 dbms_output.put_line('Marks: '||rec.marks);
7 end loop;
8 select cgpa into cgpa from student where regno=x1;
9 dbms_output.put_line('CGPA: '||cgpa);
10 end;
11 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec pro_display('16BCE1001');

CCODE: HUM1001
Marks: 83
CCODE: CSE1004
Marks: 84
CCODE: CSE3002
Marks: 98
CCODE: CSE1002
Marks: 90
CGPA: 9.3

Ex. No – 9 – SQL Revision
Hotel (hotelNo, hotelName, city)

Room (roomNo, hotelNo, type, price)
Booking (hotelNo, guestNo, dateFrom, dateTo, roomNo)
Guest (guestNo, guestName, guestAddress)
Write the SQL and its corresponding Relational Algebra

expression for the following
1 Create table for the above schema with primary and foreign key
constraints.
SQL> create table hotel(hotelNo number(10), hotelName
varchar2(20), city varchar2(20), constraint pk1 primary
key(hotelNo));
Table created.
SQL> desc hotel;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
HOTELNO NOT NULL NUMBER(10)
HOTELNAME VARCHAR2(20)
CITY VARCHAR2(20)
SQL> create table room(roomNo number(5), hotelNo number(10),

type varchar2(10), price number(10,2), constraint fk1 foreign
key(hotelNo) references hotel(hotelNo), constraint pk2 primary
key(roomNo));
Table created.
SQL> desc room;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
ROOMNO NOT NULL NUMBER(5)
HOTELNO NUMBER(10)
TYPE VARCHAR2(10)
PRICE NUMBER(10,2)
SQL> create table booking(hotelno number(10), guestno

number(10), dateFrom date, dateTo date, roomNo number(5),
constraint fk2 foreign key(hotelNo) references hotel(hotelNo),
constraint pk3 primary key(guestNo));
Table created.
SQL> desc booking;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
HOTELNO NUMBER(10)
GUESTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(10)
DATEFROM DATE
DATETO DATE
ROOMNO NUMBER(5)
SQL> create table guest(guestNo number(10), guestName

varchar2(20), guestAddress varchar2(50), constraint fk3 foreign
key(guestNo) references booking(guestNo));
Table created.
SQL> desc guest;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
GUESTNO NUMBER(10)
GUESTNAME VARCHAR2(20)
GUESTADDRESS VARCHAR2(50)
2 After table creation, modify the datatype of an attribute with

its size.
SQL> alter table room modify price number(9,2);

Table altered.
SQL> desc room;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
HOTELNO NUMBER(10)
TYPE VARCHAR2(10)
PRICE NUMBER(9,2)
SQL> alter table room modify type varchar2(30);
Table altered.
SQL> desc room;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
HOTELNO NUMBER(10)
TYPE VARCHAR2(30)
PRICE NUMBER(9,2)
3 Add unique constraint for room number
SQL> alter table booking add constraint u1 unique(roomNo);
Table altered.
4 Insert records into the table
SQL> insert into hotel values(&hotelNo, '&hotelName', '&city');

Enter value for hotelno: 1
Enter value for hotelname: pacific
Enter value for city: LA
old 1: insert into hotel values(&hotelNo, '&hotelName',
'&city')
new 1: insert into hotel values(1, 'pacific', 'LA')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for hotelname: meridian
Enter value for city: california
old 1: insert into hotel values(&hotelNo, '&hotelName',
'&city')
new 1: insert into hotel values(2, 'meridian', 'california')
1 row created.
SQL> insert into room values(&roomNo, &hotelNo, '&type',

&price);
Enter value for roomno: 101
Enter value for type: deluxe
Enter value for price: 5000
old 1: insert into room values(&roomNo, &hotelNo, '&type',
&price)
new 1: insert into room values(101, 1, 'deluxe', 5000)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for type: executive deluxe
&price)
new 1: insert into room values(102, 1, 'executive deluxe',
8000)
1 row created.
SQL> /
&price)
1 row created.
SQL> /
&price)
1 row created.
SQL> /
&price)
10000)
1 row created.
SQL> /
&price)
10000)
1 row created.
SQL> insert into booking

values(&hotelno,&guestno,'&datefrom','&dateto',&roomno);
Enter value for guestno: 1
Enter value for datefrom: 01-AUG-18
Enter value for dateto: 15-AUG-18
old 1: insert into booking
values(&hotelno,&guestno,'&datefrom','&dateto',&roomno)
new 1: insert into booking values(1,1,'01-AUG-18','15-AUG-
18',101)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for datefrom: 13-AUG-18
Enter value for dateto: 15-AUG-18
new 1: insert into booking values(2,2,'13-AUG-18','15-AUG-
18',203)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for datefrom: 13-SEP-18
Enter value for dateto: 20-SEP-18
new 1: insert into booking values(2,3,'13-SEP-18','20-SEP-
18',201)
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for datefrom: 14-OCT-18
Enter value for dateto: 16-OCT-18
new 1: insert into booking values(1,4,'14-OCT-18','16-OCT-
18',103)
1 row created.
SQL> insert into guest

values(&guestno,'&guestname','&guestaddress');
Enter value for guestname: Alessa
Enter value for guestaddress: Wall Street
old 1: insert into guest
values(&guestno,'&guestname','&guestaddress')
new 1: insert into guest values(1,'Alessa','Wall Street')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for guestname: Alex
Enter value for guestaddress: Sector 33
new 1: insert into guest values(2,'Alex','Sector 33')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for guestname: Lisa
Enter value for guestaddress: LA
new 1: insert into guest values(3,'Lisa','LA')
1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for guestname: Rick
Enter value for guestaddress: LA
new 1: insert into guest values(4,'Rick','LA')
1 row created.
5 Count the number of hotels in each city
SQL> select count(hotelno) from hotel group by city;
COUNT(HOTELNO)
--------------
1
1
6 List different guests have made bookings for August?
SQL> select guestno from booking where (datefrom>'31-JUL-18' and

datefrom<'01-SEP-18') or (dateto>'31-JUL-18' and dateto<'01-SEP-
18');
GUESTNO
----------
1
2
7 List all hotel details of ‘Executive deluxe’ type
SQL> select distinct(hotelno),hotelname,city from room natural

full outer join hotel where type='executive deluxe';
HOTELNO HOTELNAME CITY

---------- -------------------- --------------------
2 meridian california
1 pacific LA
8 List the number of rooms in each hotel in London.
SQL> select count(roomno),hotelno from room group by hotelno;
COUNT(ROOMNO) HOTELNO
------------- ----------
3 1
3 2
9 List the unreserved rooms in each hotel.
SQL> select roomno,hotelno from room minus select roomno,hotelno

from booking;
ROOMNO HOTELNO
---------- ----------
102 1
202 2
10 List the details of all rooms at the Meridian Hotel,
including the name of the guest
staying in the room, if the room is occupied.
SQL> select
room.roomno,room.hotelno,room.type,room.price,guest.guestname
from room left join booking natural full outer join guest on
room.roomno=booking.roomno where room.hotelno in (select
distinct(hotelno) from hotel where hotelname='meridian');
ROOMNO HOTELNO TYPE PRICE

---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
GUESTNAME
--------------------
203 2 executive deluxe 10000
Alex
201 2 deluxe 6000

Lisa
202 2 executive deluxe 10000

Ex. No 10 – PL/SQL – Cursors and triggers
For the already created table of student schema,

Student(regno, name, cgpa)
Course(ccode, cname, credits)
Student_course( regno, ccode)
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.3
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1003 swapnil 8.4
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
CCODE CNAME CREDITS

---------- -------------------- ----------
CSE2004 dbms 3
CSE1002 chemistry 3
CSE1004 networks 3
CSE3002 iwp 4
REGNO CCODE MARKS

---------- ---------- ----------
16BCE1001 HUM1001 83
16BCE1003 HUM1001 87
16BCE1003 CSE2004 87
16BCE1001 CSE1004 84
16BCE1001 CSE3002 98
16BCE1001 CSE1002 90
16BCE1002 CSE3002 92
16BCE1004 CSE1004 87
16BCE1005 CSE3002 87
16BCE1003 CSE2004 87
10 rows selected.
1. Write a PL/SQL Cursor to update the cgpa of the student with

regno 101
SQL> DECLARE
2 total_rows number(2);
3 BEGIN
4 UPDATE student SET cgpa='9.1' WHERE regno='16BCE1001';
5 IF sql%notfound THEN
6 dbms_output.put_line('no data updated');
7 ELSIF sql%found THEN
8 total_rows:=sql%rowcount;
9 dbms_output.put_line(total_rows||' data updated');
10 END IF;
11 END;
12 /
1 data updated
REGNO SNAME CGPA

---------- -------------------- ----------
16BCE1001 harsh 9.1
16BCE1004 anuj 9.1
16BCE1003 swapnil 8.4
16BCE1005 mudit 9.3
2. Write a cursor to List the credits of all the courses along

with their coursename.
SQL> DECLARE
2 c_cname course.cname%type;
3 c_credits course.credits%type;
4 CURSOR c_course is SELECT cname, credits FROM course;
5 BEGIN
6 OPEN c_course;
7 LOOP
8 FETCH c_course into c_cname, c_credits;
9 EXIT WHEN c_course%notfound;
10 dbms_output.put_line(c_credits||' '||c_cname);
11 END LOOP;
12 CLOSE c_course;
13 END;
14 /
3 dbms
3 chemistry
3 networks
4 iwp
3 humanities
3. List the name of the students who have more than 9 cgpa
SQL> DECLARE
2 s_sname student.sname%type;
3 CURSOR s_student is SELECT sname FROM student WHERE cgpa>9;
4 BEGIN
5 OPEN s_student;
6 LOOP
7 FETCH s_student into s_sname;
8 EXIT WHEN s_student%notfound;
9 dbms_output.put_line(s_sname);
10 END LOOP;
11 CLOSE s_student;
12 END;
13 /
harsh
anuj
abhishek
mudit

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SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

B.TECH. COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Hard copy of Lab manual

Ex. No : 1 – DDL and DML

Question: Add email id attribute to student relation and describe the

SQL> desc student;

SQL> alter table student modify sname integer(20);

SQL> desc student;

SQL> alter table faculty modify fname varchar(30);

SQL> desc faculty;

SQL> desc student;

Question: Rename the empid attribute as fid in faculty relation and

SQL> desc faculty;

SQL> desc student;

Question: Insert 5 records each to all the schemas

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1002','alex',9.3,8979867899);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1003','abhi',8.9,8979867800);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1004','virat',7.8,8979867810);

SQL> insert into student values('16BCE1005','anmol',8.3,8979867811);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1001,'mohan','prof.',30000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1002,'rohan','prof.',300000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1003,'mona','asst. prof.',10000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1004,'tony','asst. prof.',10000);

SQL> insert into faculty values(1005,'john','prof.',100000);

SQL> insert into course values('c1011','DBMS',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c2034','IWP',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c3004','ML',4);

SQL> insert into course values('c4014','AI',4);

Question: Display the contents of all the schemas

SQL> select * from faculty;

SQL> select * from course;

SQL> desc student_new;

SQL> select * from student_new;

SQL> desc student_new;

SQL> select * from student;

SQL> desc faculty;

SQL> select * from faculty;

SQL> select * from course;

Question: Insert required records to all tables.

Question: List all student details whose cgpa is > 8

Question: List the course list with 2 credits

Question: List the course name which has ‘t’ in it.

Question: Create the following tables and apply constraints as

Question: a. Add not null constraint to title in books table

Question: b. Add unique constraint to email in authors table

Question: c. Alter not null constraint in price attribute in

Question: d. Drop not null constraint in books table - qty

Question: e. Set a default value of qty in books table as 0

Question: f. Drop any one foreign key constraint.

ERROR 1091 (42000): Can't DROP 'fk1'; check that column/key

Question: a. List the authorid without repetition from

Query: select distinct authorID from ba;

Question: b. Update the email of an author

Question: c. Insert records as given in the above tables

SQL> insert into books values(1001,'Java for Dummies',11.11,11);

SQL> insert into books values(1002,'Only Java',22.22,22);

SQL> insert into books values(1003,'Java ABC',33.33,33);

SQL> insert into books values(1004,'Java 123',44.44,44);