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HISTORY OF SHIPS
The ships we come across nowadays are large, sturdy and self propelled
vessels which are used to transport cargo across seas and oceans. This was not
the case centuries ago, and the current ship has undergone countless centuries
of development to become what it is today.

In ancient marine times, people used rafts, logs of bamboo, bundles of reeds,

air filled animal skins and asphalt covered baskets to traverse small water
bodies. To be precise, the first boat was a simple frame of sticks lashed
together and covered expertly with sewn hides. These boats could carry large
and heavy loads easily. You get to know about examples of such ancient boats
among the bull boats of North American plains, the kayaks of the Inuit’s and
the coracks of British islanders. Yet another ancient boat was the dugout
which is a log that is hollowed out and pointed at the ends. Some of these
were even as long as sixty feet.  Here is a brief attempt to traverse lightly over
the history of ships and how they evolved to what they are now.

The Usage of Poles and Invention of Oar

Ancient marine history makes for quite an interesting study of the

strength and survival instincts of humanity at large. For instance, in ancient
times, the simple oar was not in use. Instead people used their hands to
paddle along in their tiny boats. They moved rafts by pushing poles against
the bottom of the rivers. Slowly, using creative instincts and ingenuity, man
learnt to redesign the poles by flattening them and widening it at one end,
and thus the paddle was designed to be used in deeper waters. Later on, it
was again ingeniously transformed to become the oar-a-paddle that is fixed
on the sides of boats.

The invention of the sail was the greatest turning point in maritime history.
The sails replaced the action of human muscles and sail boats could embark
on longer trips with heavier loads. Earlier vessels used square sails that were
best suited for sailing down wind. Fore and aft sails were devised later.
Egyptians take the credit for developing advanced sailing cargo ships. These
were made by lashing together and sewing small pieces of wood. These cargo
ships were used to transport great columns of stone for monument building.

Timeline of Ships, Boats, and Yachts

4000 BC: The ancient Egyptians used reeds to build what are thought to
be the first sailing boats in the world. The reed boats had sails and a
mast and were used on the Nile River

2500 BC: Around this time, the ancient Egyptians began to build wooden
boats that were able to withstand sailing across oceans.

1550 BC: Around this time until about 300 BC, the Phoenicians of the
ancient Canaan civilization (the area that is now Syria and Lebanon),
used something called a galley. The galley was a sailing vessel that was
powered by man and was used to both fight and trade with neighbors.

1000 AD: The Vikings started to build longboats. These were larger
ships that had sails and up to sixty men whose job it was to row the
ship. The boats were large but were narrow and long, allowed them to
travel along rivers as well as the open sea.
1100 AD: The Chinese began to use boats that they called junks. Junks
were boats that featured a rudder for steering in addition to watertight
compartments and battens located on the sails that served to make them
much stronger. The Chinese junks were used as transport and fighting
ships, and were in use long before western ships that included such
features.

1450: Starting around 1450 and for several centuries, wooden ships with
three or four masts were in use by several different countries. These
masted sailing ships were used as trade vessels, by explorers, to
transport cargo, and as battleships.

1660: Charles II of England chose to use a yacht to carry him to the

Netherlands from England for his restoration. Previously, yachts had
been used by the Dutch navy. After Charles II used a yacht, they became
vessels that were known to transport important persons.

1800s: Clipper ships were built in the 1800s and were fast sailing ships,
that featured tall masts, and slim, long hulls.

1818: The Black Ball Line was a shipping company that began offering
passenger service from the United States to England.

1819: The first ships that were built using steam power began to cross
the Atlantic Ocean. Steamships used a combination of wind and steam
power to move.

1845: It was in the mid-1800s that the first ocean liners built from iron
began to appear. The ocean going liners were also driven by a propeller
instead of sails like many earlier ships.

1880: River boats that were driven by steam were called stern wheelers.
Other similar boats featured paddle wheels on each side and were called
paddle steamers. Paddle steamers were mainly used for transport on
rivers.

1910: Ships that were previously powered by burning coal started to be

converted to diesel power, and started to use oil as opposed to steam.
1955: Hovercraft boats were created by a man named Christopher
Cockerell. The boats were designed to float on cushions of air and the
engine was designed to blow air into these cushions providing both
propulsion and lift.

1980: In the 1980s, container ships began to be more widely used to

transport cargo. The ship was designed to carry the containers stacked
on the deck. Modern cargo ships can normally hold up to one thousand
containers at a time.

1990: The 1990s saw the rise of passenger cruise ships that were used to
take people on holidays. Cruise ships featured shops, restaurants, and
other types of recreation.

FUNCTION OF SHIPS
 A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other
sufficiently deep waterways, carrying goods or passengers, or in support of
specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are
generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and
tradition. In the Age of Sail a "ship" was a sailing vessel defined by its sail
plan of at least three square rigged masts and a full bowsprit.
Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization,
and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the
Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to the world
population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of
world commerce. Did you know that the international shipping industry is
accountable for transporting 90% of world trade?

Shipping industry – relevant in the past, present and the future

The shipping industry is one of our oldest industries and still plays an
important role in our modern society. Today, over 55 000 cargo ships are
active in international trade. The fleet is represented in over 150 countries,
crewed with over 1.5 million sailors working around the world. The different
types of cargo being transported are goods for consumers, food, raw material,
cars and fuel, just to name a few.

It is not every day that the greatness of the ships/shipping industry comes
to mind. To give you a better understanding for the importance of shipping in
the transportation industry, we want to highlight eight interesting facts:

Transport:

The oldest purpose of maritime transport was to carry people from one
place to the other. People can travel around the globe through ships with
minimal risks. Back in the day, the transport through the ship was not
convenient because it took a long time to reach the destination. But now
cruise ships and ocean liners can travel fast reaching the speeds up to 45 mph.

Maritime transport is also cheaper compared to all the other modes of

transport. So, if you want to have some adventure at lesser expense, maritime
transport is the ideal choice. The traveling has also become safe because of
foolproof security mechanisms in ships. New automation mechanism
installed in the ships helps in navigation during adverse weather conditions.

A big advantage of maritime transport is its eco-friendly nature. The increase

in the fuel efficiency of ships in the future will make maritime transport lesser
harmful to the environment.
Trading:

Trading is one of the most important applications of maritime transport.

Thousands of shipments travel through seas and oceans. All the world giants
are relying on maritime transport for conducting their trade. The countries
who have exclusive ownership of trade routes get the most benefits out of
maritime transport. The best part of the using maritime transport for trade is
that ships can carry large shipments conveniently.

The countries with warm waters can conduct trade via maritime transport all
year long without any constraints of weather. Those who do not have warm
waters engage with other countries for access to maritime routes to continue
their trade uninterruptedly.

The trading via maritime transport can reduce the overall cost of the business
as it is the cheaper medium. In addition to that, the freight forwarders also
carry shipments of the different business groups together to save cost.

Employment:

Maritime transport also generates a lot of employment opportunities.

There is a detailed mechanism associated with maritime transport. From the
loading of stock in the ships to steering the ships, there are employment
opportunities at every stage. Using the wider scope of maritime transport
results in the production of more jobs. For example, waiters, music players,
and many other personnel are required on board for conducting tourism via
maritime transport.

The ship itself has a complex mechanism with a lot of equipment that requires
professionals to operate. For example, there are many valves attached to
different parts of a ship that are always at a risk of leaking. Workers are
required to operate these valves efficiently. However, procuring from
a reputed globe valve supplier can save you from this inconvenience.

If maritime transport is used effectively by the government, it can be a great

source for the eradication of unemployment.

Tourism:
 Traveling via ships has evolved over time. It has converted from being a
necessity to luxury with the introduction of modern ship designs and latest
facilities. People can now encircle the globe conveniently on cruise ships and
ferrys. These ships have all the perks of an ideal medium for tourism
transportation. You can watch TV, have drinks, listen to music, dance and do
so much more on a cruise ship.

Maritime transport is also a great medium for tourism and can play a pivotal
role in the development of an economy. Different countries around the globe
are generating great amounts of revenue from tourism via maritime transport.
Due to the importance of maritime transport, tourism through it can be
considered a sustainable source of income.

The countries that utilize the maritime tourism not only generate revenue but
also present their positive image globally.

International Relations:

One of the biggest benefits of maritime transport is that it helps build

good international relations. Due to the huge scope of maritime transport,
there are many parties interested in being a part of it. If a country is linked
with busy maritime routes, it becomes the center of attention in the region. All
countries have many economic and strategic interests associated with
maritime transport. Due to all such reasons, maritime transport can play a
pivotal role in establishing ties with different countries.

The landlocked countries develop relations with their neighbors to get access
to maritime routes. This way, both the countries get something positive out of
the deal, and goodwill is created between the two countries.

A transportation partner that takes responsibility for the environment

For Greencarrier Liner Agency’s principal Evergreen Line, the

environment is an integral and essential part of the daily work. Environment
is always on Evergreen’s agenda, and our ambition is to be the frontrunner in
the transport industry and a partner who provides eco-friendly alternatives to
traditional transport solutions. Our environmental responsibility includes
caring for the environment across all levels of our organisation. Therefore, we
find the shipping industry to be a truly good transportation alternative for
both our customers and the environment.