Clause 6. Inspection AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015: Part F

CLAUSE 6. INSPECTION PART F AWS D1.1/D1.
1M:2015
on the near face of the connecting member of T and corner of 6.21.7 with the instrument calibrated in conformance
joint welds (the face opposite Face C). with 6.24.5 using the angle as shown in Table 6.7. Fol-
lowing calibration and during testing, the only instru-
6.25.2 “Y” Line. A “Y” accompanied with a weld iden-
ment adjustment allowed is the sensitivity level
tification number shall be clearly marked on the base
adjustment with the calibrated gain control (attenuator).
metal adjacent to the weld that is subject to UT. This
The reject (clipping or suppression) control shall be
marking is used for the following purposes:
turned off. Sensitivity shall be increased from the refer-
(1) Weld identification ence level for weld scanning in conformance with Table
6.2 or Table 6.3, as applicable.
(2) Identification of Face A
(3) Distance measurements and direction (+ or –) 6.25.6.1 Scanning. The testing angle and scanning
from the “X” line procedure shall be in conformance with those shown in
Table 6.7.
(4) Location measurement from weld ends or edges
6.25.6.2 Butt Joints. All butt joint welds shall be
6.25.3 Cleanliness. All surfaces to which a search unit
tested from each side of the weld axis. Corner and
is applied shall be free of weld spatter, dirt, grease, oil
T-joint welds shall be primarily tested from one side of
(other than that used as a couplant), paint, and loose scale
the weld axis only. All welds shall be tested using the ap-
and shall have a contour allowing intimate coupling.
plicable scanning pattern or patterns shown in Figure
6.25.4 Couplants. A couplant material shall be used be- 6.15 as necessary to detect both longitudinal and trans-
tween the search unit and the test material. The couplant verse discontinuities. It is intended that, as a minimum,
shall be either glycerin or cellulose gum and water mix- all welds be tested by passing sound through the entire
ture of a suitable consistency. A wetting agent may be volume of the weld and the HAZ in two crossing direc-
added if needed. Light machine oil may be used for cou- tions, wherever practical.
plant on calibration blocks.
6.25.6.3 Maximum Indication. When a discontinu-
6.25.5 Extent of Testing. The entire base metal through ity indication appears on the screen, the maximum attain-
which ultrasound must travel to test the weld shall be able indication from the discontinuity shall be adjusted to
tested for laminar reflectors using a straight-beam search produce a horizontal reference level trace deflection on
unit conforming to the requirements of 6.21.6 and cali-
the display. This adjustment shall be made with the cali-
brated in conformance with 6.24.4. If any area of base
brated gain control (attenuator), and the instrument read-
metal exhibits total loss of back reflection or an indica-
ing in decibels shall be used as the “Indication Level, a,”
tion equal to or greater than the original back reflection
for calculating the “Indication Rating, d,” as shown on
height is located in a position that will interfere with the
the test report (Annex L, Form L-11).
normal weld scanning procedure, its size, location, and
depth from the Face A shall be determined and reported 6.25.6.4 Attenuation Factor. The “Attenuation Fac-
on the UT report, and an alternate weld scanning proce- tor, c,” on the test report shall be attained by subtracting
dure shall be used. 1 in [25 mm] from the sound-path distance and multiply-
6.25.5.1 Reflector Size. The reflector size evaluation ing the remainder by 2 for U.S. Customary Units or by
procedure shall be in conformance with 6.29.1. 0.08 for SI Units. This factor shall be rounded out to the
nearest dB value. Fractional values less than 1/2 dB shall
6.25.5.2 Inaccessibility. If part of a weld is inacces- be reduced to the lower dB level and those of 1/2 dB or
sible to testing in conformance with the requirements of greater increased to the higher level.
Table 6.7, due to laminar content recorded in conform-
ance with 6.25.5, the testing shall be conducted using 6.25.6.5 Indication Rating. The “Indication Rating,
one or more of the following alternative procedures as d,” in the UT Report, Annex L, Form L-11, represents
necessary to attain full weld coverage: the algebraic difference in decibels between the indi-
(1) Weld surface(s) shall be ground flush in conform- cation level and the reference level with correction for
ance with 5.23.3.1. attenuation as indicated in the following expressions:
(2) Testing from Faces A and B shall be performed. Instruments with gain in dB:
a–b–c=d
(3) Other search unit angles shall be used.
6.25.6 Testing of Welds. Welds shall be tested using an Instruments with attenuation in dB:
angle beam search unit conforming to the requirements b–a–c=d
202

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