The Case: - First Division

23/02/2021 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED VOLUME 345
*
G.R. No. 124371. November 23, 2000.
PAULA T. LLORENTE, petitioner, vs. COURT OF

APPEALS and ALICIA F. LLORENTE, respondents.
Civil Law; Conflict of Laws; Foreign laws do not prove

themselves in our jurisdiction and our courts are not authorized to
take judicial notice of them; Foreign laws must be alleged and
proved.—True, foreign laws do not prove themselves in our
jurisdiction and our courts are not authorized to take judicial
notice of them. like any other fact, they must be alleged and
proved. While the substance of the foreign law was pleaded, the
Court of Appeals did not admit the foreign law. The Court of
Appeals and the trial court called to the fore the renvoi doctrine,
where the case was “referred back” to the law of the decedent’s
domicile, in this case, Philippine law.
Same; Same; Marriages; Divorce; The Court ruled that aliens
may obtain divorces abroad, provided they are valid according to
their national law; Only Philippine nationals are covered by the
policy against absolute divorces.—In Van Dorn v. Romillo, Jr. we
held that owing to the nationality principle embodied in Article 15
of the Civil Code, only Philippine nationals are covered by the
policy against absolute divorces, the same being considered
contrary to our concept of public policy and morality. In the same
case, the Court ruled that aliens may obtain divorces abroad,
provided they are valid according to their national law.
PETITION for review on certiorari of a decision of the

Court of Appeals.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the Court.

E.A. Dacanay for petitioner.
Pardalis, Navarro & Sales for private respondents.
PARDO, J.:
The Case
The case raises a conflict of laws issue.
_______________
* FIRST DIVISION.
www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000177cf7aef45fa2c494e003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False 1/13
593
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 593

Llorente vs. Court of Appeals
What is before us1 is an appeal from the decision of the

Court of Appeals modifying that of the Regional2
Trial
Court, Camarines Sur, Branch 35, Iriga City declaring
respondent Alicia F. Llorente (hereinafter referred to as
“Alicia”), as co-owners of whatever property she and the
deceased Lorenzo N. Llorente (hereinafter referred to as
“Lorenzo”) may have acquired during the twenty-five (25)
years that they lived together as husband and wife.
The Facts
The deceased Lorenzo N. Llorente was an enlisted

serviceman of the United3
States Navy from March 10, 1927
to September 30, 1957.
On February 22, 1937, Lorenzo and petitioner Paula
Llorente (hereinafter referred to as “Paula”) were married
before a parish 4priest, Roman Catholic Church, in Nabua,
Camarines Sur. Before the outbreak of the Pacific War,
Lorenzo departed for the United States and Paula stayed in
the 5conjugal home in barrio Antipolo, Nabua, Camarines
Sur.
On November 30, 1943, Lorenzo was admitted to United
States citizenship and Certificate of Naturalization No.
5579816 was issued in his favor by the United 6
States
District Court, Southern District of New York.
_______________
1 In CA-G.R. S.P. No. 17446, promulgated on July 31, 1995,

LipanaReyes+ J., ponente, Torres, Jr. and Hofilena, JJ., concurring.
2 In Spec. Proc. No. IR-755 (In the Matter of the Probate and Allowance
of the Last Will and Testament of Lorenzo N. Llorente, Lorenzo N.
Llorente, Petitioner) and Spec. Proc. No. IR-888 (Petition for the Grant of
Letters of Administration for the Estate of Lorenzo N. Llorente, Paula T.
Llorente, Petitioner), dated May 18, 1987, Judge Esteban B. Abonal,
presiding.
3 Decision, Court of Appeals, Rollo, p. 51.
4 Exh. “B,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 61.
5 Ibid.
6 This was issued pursuant to Lorenzo’s petition, Petition No. 4708849,
filed with the U.S. Court. Exhs. “H” and “H-3” Trial Court Folder of
Exhibits, pp. 157, 159.
594
594 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

Upon the liberation of the Philippines by the American

Forces in 1945, Lorenzo was granted an accrued leave by
the U.S. Navy,
7
to visit his wife and he visited the
Philippines. He discovered that his wife Paula was
pregnant and was “living in” and having an 8 adulterous
relationship with his brother, Ceferino Llorente.
On December 4, 1945, Paula gave birth to a boy
registered in the Office of the Registrar of Nabua as
“Crisologo Llorente,” with the certificate stating that the
child was not legitimate
9
and the line for the father’s name
was left blank.
Lorenzo refused to forgive Paula and live with her. In
fact, on February 2, 1946, the couple drew a written
agreement to the effect that (1) all the family allowances
allotted by the United States Navy as part of Lorenzo’s
salary and all other obligations for Paula’s daily
maintenance and support would be suspended; (2) they
would dissolve their marital union in accordance with
judicial proceedings; (3) they would make a separate
agreement regarding their conjugal property acquired
during their marital life; and (4) Lorenzo would not
prosecute Paula for her adulterous act since she voluntarily
admitted her fault and agreed to separate from Lorenzo
peacefully. The agreement was signed by both Lorenzo and
Paula and was witnessed by Paula’s father and
stepmother. The
10
agreement was notarized by Notary Public
Pedro Osabel.
Lorenzo returned to the United States and on November
16, 1951 filed for divorce with the Superior Court of the
State of California in and for the County of San Diego.
Paula was represented by counsel, John Riley, and actively
participated in the proceedings. On November 27, 1951, the
Superior Court of the State of California, for the County of
San Diego found all factual allegations to 11
be true and
issued an interlocutory judgment of divorce. 12
On December 4, 1952, the divorce decree became final.
_______________
7 Decision, Court of Appeals, Rollo, p. 51; Exh. “B,” Trial Court Folder
of Exhibits, p. 61.
8 Ibid.
9 Exh. “A,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 60.
10 Exh. “B-1” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 62.
11 Exh. “D,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, pp. 63-64.
12 Exh. “E,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 69.
595
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 595

In the meantime, Lorenzo returned to the Philippines.

On January 16, 13
1958, Lorenzo married Alicia F.
Llorente in Manila. Apparently, Alicia had no knowledge
of the first marriage even if they resided in the same town
as Paula, 14who did not oppose the marriage or
cohabitation.
From 1958 to 1985,15
Lorenzo and Alicia lived together as
husband and wife. Their twenty-five (25) year union
produced three children,
16
Raul, Luz and Beverly, all
surnamed Llorente.
On March 13, 1981, Lorenzo executed a Last Will and
Testament. The will was notarized by Notary Public
Salvador M. Occiano, duly signed by Lorenzo with attesting
witnesses Francisco Hugo, Francisco Neibres and Tito
Trajano. In the will, Lorenzo bequeathed all his property to
Alicia and their three children, to wit:
“(1) I give and bequeath to my wife ALICIA R.

FORTUNO exclusively my residential house and
lot, located at San Francisco, Nabua, Camarines
Sur, Philippines, including ALL the personal
properties and other movables or belongings that
may be found or existing therein;
“(2) I give and bequeath exclusively to my wife Alicia R.
Fortuno and to my children, Raul F. Llorente, Luz
F. Llorente and Beverly F. Llorente, in equal
shares, all my real properties whatsoever and
wheresoever located, specifically my real properties
located at Barangay AroAldao, Nabua, Camarines
Sur, Barangay Paloyon, Nabua, Camarines Sur;
Barangay Baras, Sitio Puga, Nabua, Camarines
Sur; and Barangay Paloyon, Sitio Nalilidong,
Nabua, Camarines Sur;
“(3) I likewise give and bequeath exclusively unto my
wife Alicia R. Fortuno and unto my children, Raul
F. Llorente, Luz F. Llorente and Beverly F.
Llorente, in equal shares, my real properties
located in Quezon City Philippines, and covered by
Transfer Certificate of Title No. 188652; and my
lands in Antipolo, Rizal, Philippines, covered by
Transfer Certificate of Title Nos. 124196 and
165188, both of the Registry of Deeds of the
province of Rizal, Philippines;
_______________
13 Exh. “F,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 148.

15 Comment, Rollo, p. 147.

596

“(4) That their respective shares in the above-

mentioned properties, whether real or personal
properties, shall not be disposed of, ceded, sold and
conveyed to any other persons, but could only be
sold, ceded, conveyed and disposed of by and among
themselves;
“(5) I designate my wife ALICIA R. FORTUNO to be the
sole executor of this my Last Will and Testament,
and in her default or incapacity of the latter to act,
any of my children in the order of age, if of age;
“(6) I hereby direct that the executor named herein or
her lawful substitute should served (sic) without
bond;
“(7) I hereby revoke any and all my other wills, codicils,
or testamentary dispositions heretofore executed,
signed, or published, by me;
“(8) It is my final wish and desire that if I die, no
relatives of mine in any degree in the Llorente’s
Side should ever bother and disturb in any manner
whatsoever my wife Alicia R. Fortunato and my
children with respect to any real or personal
properties I gave and bequeathed respectively to
each one of 17them by virtue of this Last Will and
Testament.”
On December 14, 1983, Lorenzo filed with the Regional

Trial Court, Iriga, Camarines Sur, a petition for the
probate and allowance of his last will and testament
wherein Lorenzo moved that 18
Alicia be appointed Special
Administratrix of his estate.
On January 18, 1984, the trial court denied the motion19
for the reason that the testator Lorenzo was still alive.
On January 24, 1984, finding that the will was20 duly
executed, the trial court admitted the will to probate.
On June 11, 1985, before21
the proceedings could be
terminated, Lorenzo died.
On September
22
4, 1985, Paula filed with the same court a
petition for letters of administration over Lorenzo’s estate
in her favor. Paula contended (1) that she was Lorenzo’s
surviving spouse,
_______________
17 Exh. “A,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, pp. 3-4; Decision, Court of
Appeals, Rollo, p. 52.
18 Docketed as Spec. Proc. No. IR-755.
19 Decision, RTC, Rollo, p. 37.
20 Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22 Docketed as Spec. Proc. No. IR-888.
597
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 597

(2) that the various property were acquired during their

marriage, (3) that Lorenzo’s will disposed of all his property
in favor of Alicia and her children, encroaching 23
on her
legitime and 1/2 share in the conjugal property.
On December 13, 1985, Alicia filed in the testate
proceeding (Sp. Proc. No. IR-755),24
a petition for the
issuance of letters testamentary.
On October 14, 1985, without terminating the testate
proceedings, the trial court gave25
due course to Paula’s
petition in Sp. Proc. No. IR-888.
On November 6, 13 and 20, 1985, 26
the order was
published in the newspaper “Bicol Star.”
On May 18, 1987, the Regional Trial Court issued a joint
decision, thus:
“Wherefore, considering that this court has so found that the

divorce decree granted to the late Lorenzo Llorente is void and
inapplicable in the Philippines, therefore the marriage he
contracted with Alicia Fortunato on January 16, 1958 at Manila is
likewise void. This being so the petition of Alicia F. Llorente for
the issuance of letters testamentary is denied. Likewise, she is not
entitled to receive any share from the estate even if the will
especially said so her relationship with Lorenzo having gained the
status of paramour which is under Art. 739 (1).
“On the other hand, the court finds the petition of Paula
Titular Llorente, meritorious, and so declares the intrinsic
disposition of the will of Lorenzo Llorente dated March 13, 1981
as void and declares her entitled as conjugal partner and entitled
to one-half of their conjugal properties, and as primary
compulsory heir, Paula T. Llorente is also entitled to one-third of
the estate and then one-third should go to the illegitimate
children, Raul, Luz and Beverly, all surname (sic) Llorente, for
them to partition in equal shares and also entitled to the
remaining free portion in equal shares.
“Petitioner, Paula Llorente is appointed legal administrator of
the estate of the deceased, Lorenzo Llorente. As such let the
corresponding
_______________
23 Decision, RTC, Rollo, p. 38.

25 Ibid., pp. 52-53.
26 Ibid., p. 53.
598

letters of administration issue in her favor upon her filing a bond

in the amount (sic) of P100,000.00 conditioned for her to make a
return to the court within three (3) months a true and complete
inventory of all goods, chattels, rights, and credits, and estate
which shall at any time come to her possession or to the
possession of any other person for her, and from the proceeds to
pay and discharge all debts, legacies and charges on the same, or
such dividends thereon as shall be decreed or required by this
court; to render a true and just account of her administration to
the court within one (1) year, and at any other time when
required by the court and to perform all orders of this court by her
to be performed.
“On the other matters prayed for in respective petitions for
want of evidence could
27
not be granted.
“SO ORDERED.”
In time, Alicia filed with the trial court 28

a motion for
reconsideration of the aforequoted decision.
On September 14, 1987, the trial court denied Alicia’s
motion for reconsideration but modified its earlier decision,
stating that Raul and Luz Llorente are not children
“legitimate or otherwise”29
of Lorenzo since they were not
legally adopted by him. Amending its decision of May 18,
1987, the trial court declared Beverly Llorente as the only
illegitimate child of Lorenzo, entitling her to one-third (1/3)
of the 30estate and one-third (1/3) of the free portion of the
estate.
On September31 28, 1987, respondent appealed to the
Court of Appeals.
_______________
27 RTC Decision, Rollo, p. 37.

28 Order, Regional Trial Court in Spec. Proc. Nos. IR-755 and 888,
Rollo, p. 46.
29 Citing Article 335 of the Civil Code, which states, “The following
cannot adopt: x x x (3) a married person, without the consent of the other
spouse; x x x,” the trial court reasoned that since the divorce obtained by
Lorenzo did not dissolve his first marriage with Paula, then the adoption
of Raul and Luz was void, as Paula did not give her consent to it.
30 Order, Regional Trial Court, Rollo, p. 47.

31 Docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 17446.
599
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 599

On July 31, 1995, the Court of Appeals promulgated its

decision, affirming with modification the decision of the
trial court in this wise:
“WHEREFORE, the decision appealed from is hereby AFFIRMED

with the MODIFICATION that Alicia is declared as co-owner of
whatever properties she and the deceased may have acquired
during the 32 twenty-five (25) years of cohabitation. “SO
ORDERED.”
On August 25, 1995, petitioner filed with the Court 33

of
Appeals a motion for reconsideration of the decision.
34
On March 21, 1996, the Court of Appeals, denied the
motion for lack of merit.35
Hence, this petition.
The Issue
Stripping the petition of its legalese

36
and sorting through
the various arguments raised, the issue is simple. Who are
entitled to inherit from the late Lorenzo N. Llorente?
We do not agree with the decision of the Court of
Appeals. We remand the Case to the trial court for ruling
on the intrinsic validity of the will of the deceased.
_______________

33 On August 31, 1995, petitioner also filed with this Court a verified
complaint against the members of the Special Thirteenth Division, Court
of Appeals, Associate Justices Justo P. Torres, Jr., Celia Lipana-Reyes and
Hector Hofilena for “gross ignorance of the law, manifest incompetence
and extreme bias (Rollo, p. 15).”
34 Again with Associate Justice Celia Lipana-Reyes+, ponente,
concurred in by Associate Justices Justo P. Torres, Jr. and Hector
Hofilena (Former Special Thirteenth Division).
35 Filed on May 10, 1996, Rollo, pp. 9-36.
36 Petitioner alleges (1) That the Court of Appeals lost its jurisdiction
over the case when it issued the resolution denying the motion for
reconsideration; (2) That Art. 144 of the Civil Case has been repealed by
Arts. 253 and 147 of the Family Code and (3) That Alicia and her children
are not entitled to any share in the estate of the deceased (Rollo, p. 19).
600

The Applicable Law
The fact that the late Lorenzo N. Llorente became an

American citizen long before and at the time of: (1) his
divorce from Paula; (2) marriage to Alicia; (3) execution of
his will; and (4) death, is duly established, admitted and
undisputed.
Thus, as a rule, issues arising from these incidents are
necessarily governed by foreign law.
The Civil Code clearly provides:
“Art. 15. Laws relating to family rights and duties, or to the

status, condition and legal capacity of persons are binding upon
citizens of the Philippines, even though living abroad.
“Art. 16. Real property as well as personal property is subject
to the law of the country where it is situated.
“However, intestate and testamentary succession, both with
respect to the order of succession and to the amount of
successional rights and to the intrinsic validity of testamentary
provisions, shall be regulated by the national law of the person
whose succession is under consideration, whatever may be the
nature of the property and regardless of the country wherein said
property may be found.” (emphasis ours)
True, foreign laws do not prove themselves in our

jurisdiction and our courts are not authorized to take
judicial notice of them.
37
Like any other fact, they must be
alleged and proved.
While the substance of the foreign law was pleaded, the
Court of Appeals did not admit the foreign law. The Court
of Appeals and the trial court called to the fore the renvoi
doctrine, where the case was “referred back” to the law of
the decedent’s domicile, in this case, Philippine law.
We note that while the trial court stated that the law of
New York was not sufficiently proven, in the same breath it
made the categorical, albeit equally unproven statement
that American law follows the ‘domiciliary theory’ hence,
Philippine law38 applies when determining the validity of
Lorenzo’s will.
_______________
37 Collector of Internal Revenue v. Fisher, 110 Phil. 686, 1 SCRA 93

(1961).
38 Joint Record on Appeal, p. 255; Rollo, p. 40.
601
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 601

First, there is no such thing as one American law. The

“national law” indicated in Article 16 of the Civil Code
cannot possibly apply to general American law. There is no
such law governing the validity of testamentary provisions
in the United States. Each State of the union has its own
law applicable to its citizens and in force only within the
State. It can therefore refer to no other than39 the law of the
State of which the decedent was a resident. Second, there
is no showing that the application of the renvoi doctrine is
called for or required by New York State law.
The trial court held that the will was intrinsically
invalid since it contained dispositions in favor of Alice, who
in the trial court’s opinion was a mere paramour. The trial
court threw the will out, leaving Alice, and her two
children, Raul and Luz, with nothing.
The Court of Appeals also disregarded the will. It
declared Alice entitled to one half (1/2) of whatever
property she and Lorenzo acquired during their
cohabitation, applying Article 144 of the Civil Code of the
Philippines.
The hasty application of Philippine law and the
complete disregard of the will, already probated as duly
executed in accordance with the formalities of Philippine
law, is fatal, especially in light of the factual and legal
circumstances here obtaining.
Validity of the Foreign Divorce

40
In Van Dorn v. Romillo, Jr. we held that owing to the
nationality principle embodied in Article 15 of the Civil
Code, only Philippine nationals are covered by the policy
against absolute divorces, the same being considered
contrary to our concept of public policy and morality. In the
same case, the Court ruled that aliens may obtain divorces
abroad, provided they are valid according to their national
law.
Citing this landmark
41
case, the Court held in Quita v.
Court of Appeals, that once proven that respondent was no
longer a Fili-
_______________
39 In Re: Estate of Edward Christensen, Aznar v. Helen Garcia, 117

Phil. 96, 7 SCRA 95 (1963).
40 139 SCRA 139 (1985).
41 300 SCRA 406 (1998).
602

pino citizen when he obtained the divorce from petitioner,

the ruling in Van Dorn would become applicable and
petitioner could “very well lose her right to inherit” from
him. 42
In Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, we recognized the divorce
obtained by the respondent in his country, the Federal
Republic of Germany. There, we stated that divorce and its
legal effects may be recognized in the Philippines insofar as
respondent is concerned in view of the nationality principle
in our civil law on the status of persons.
For failing to apply these doctrines, 43
the decision of the
Court of Appeals must be reversed. We hold that the
divorce obtained by Lorenzo N. Llorente from his first wife
Paula was valid and recognized in this jurisdiction as a
matter of comity. Now, the effects of this divorce (as to the
succession to the estate of the decedent) are matters best
left to the determination of the trial court.
Validity of the Will
The Civil Code provides:
“Art. 17. The forms and solemnities of contracts, wills, and other
public instruments shall be governed by the laws of the country in
which they are executed.
“When the acts referred to are executed before the diplomatic
or consular officials of the Republic of the Philippines in a foreign
country, the solemnities established by Philippine laws shall be
observed in their execution.” (italics ours)
The clear intent of Lorenzo to bequeath his property to his

second wife and children by her is glaringly shown in the
will he executed. We do not wish to frustrate his wishes,
since he was a for-
_______________
42 174 SCRA 653 (1989).

43 The ruling in the case of Tenchavez v. Escaño (122 Phil. 752, 15
SCRA 355 [1965]) that provides that “a foreign divorce between Filipino
citizens sought and decreed after the effectivity of the present civil code is
not entitled to recognition as valid in this jurisdiction” is NOT applicable
in the case at bar as Lorenzo was no longer a Filipino citizen when he
obtained the divorce.
603
VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 603
eigner, not covered by our laws on “family 44

rights and
duties, status, condition and legal capacity.”
Whether the will is intrinsically valid and who shall
inherit from Lorenzo are issues best proved by foreign law
which must be pleaded and proved. Whether the will was
executed in accordance with the formalities required is
answered by referring to Philippine law. In fact, the will
was duly probated.
As a guide however, the trial court should note that
whatever public policy or good customs may be involved in
our system of legitimes, Congress did not intend to extend
the same to the succession of foreign nationals. Congress
specifically left the amount
45
of successional rights to the
decedent’s national law.
Having thus ruled, we find it unnecessary to pass upon
the other issues raised.
The Fallo
WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The decision of

the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 17446 promulgated
on July 31, 1995 is SET ASIDE.
In lieu thereof, the Court REVERSES the decision of the
Regional Trial Court and RECOGNIZES as VALID the
decree of divorce granted in favor of the deceased Lorenzo
N. Llorente by the Superior Court of the State of California
in and for the County of San Diego, made final on
December 4, 1952.
Further, the Court REMANDS the cases to the court of
origin for determination of the intrinsic validity of Lorenzo
N. Llorente’s will and determination of the parties’
successional rights allowing proof of foreign law with
instructions that the trial court shall proceed with all
deliberate dispatch to settle the estate of the deceased
within the framework of the Rules of Court.
No costs.
_______________
44 Article 15, Civil Code provides “Laws relating to family rights and
duties, or to the status, condition and legal capacity of persons are binding
upon citizens of the Philippines, even though living abroad.” (Italics ours)
45 Bellis v. Bellis, 126 Phil. 726, 20 SCRA 358 (1967).
604

People vs. Belaje
SO ORDERED.
Davide, Jr. (C.J., Chairman), Puno, Kapunan and

YnaresSantiago, JJ., concur.
Petition granted, judgment set aside.
Note.—The fact that private respondent obtained a

valid divorce in his country is admitted and its legal effects
may be recognized in the Philippines. (Pilapil vs. Ibay-
Somera, 174 SCRA 653 [1989])
——o0o——
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23/02/2021 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED VOLUME 345

PAULA T. LLORENTE, petitioner, vs. COURT OF

Civil Law; Conflict of Laws; Foreign laws do not prove

PETITION for review on certiorari of a decision of the

The facts are stated in the opinion of the Court.

The case raises a conflict of laws issue.

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 593

What is before us1 is an appeal from the decision of the

The deceased Lorenzo N. Llorente was an enlisted

1 In CA-G.R. S.P. No. 17446, promulgated on July 31, 1995,

594 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

Upon the liberation of the Philippines by the American

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 595

In the meantime, Lorenzo returned to the Philippines.

“(1) I give and bequeath to my wife ALICIA R.

13 Exh. “F,” Trial Court Folder of Exhibits, p. 148.

15 Comment, Rollo, p. 147.

596 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

“(4) That their respective shares in the above-

On December 14, 1983, Lorenzo filed with the Regional

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 597

(2) that the various property were acquired during their

“Wherefore, considering that this court has so found that the

23 Decision, RTC, Rollo, p. 38.

598 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

letters of administration issue in her favor upon her filing a bond

In time, Alicia filed with the trial court 28

27 RTC Decision, Rollo, p. 37.

30 Order, Regional Trial Court, Rollo, p. 47.

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 599

On July 31, 1995, the Court of Appeals promulgated its

“WHEREFORE, the decision appealed from is hereby AFFIRMED

On August 25, 1995, petitioner filed with the Court 33

Stripping the petition of its legalese

32 Decision, Court of Appeals, Rollo, p. 56.

600 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

The Applicable Law

The fact that the late Lorenzo N. Llorente became an

“Art. 15. Laws relating to family rights and duties, or to the

True, foreign laws do not prove themselves in our

37 Collector of Internal Revenue v. Fisher, 110 Phil. 686, 1 SCRA 93

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 601

First, there is no such thing as one American law. The

Validity of the Foreign Divorce

39 In Re: Estate of Edward Christensen, Aznar v. Helen Garcia, 117

602 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

pino citizen when he obtained the divorce from petitioner,

Validity of the Will

The Civil Code provides:

The clear intent of Lorenzo to bequeath his property to his

42 174 SCRA 653 (1989).

VOL. 345, NOVEMBER 23, 2000 603

Llorente vs. Court of Appeals

eigner, not covered by our laws on “family 44

WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The decision of

604 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

Davide, Jr. (C.J., Chairman), Puno, Kapunan and

Petition granted, judgment set aside.

Note.—The fact that private respondent obtained a