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    QA, QC, and Inspection

    Inspection is the process of measuring, examining, and testing


    to gauge one or more characteristics of a product or service
    and the comparison of these with specified requirements to
    determine conformity. Products, processes, and various other
    results can be inspected to make sure that the object coming
    off a production line, or the service being provided, is correct
    and meets specifications.
    Quality Assurance and Audit Functions
    Auditing is part of the quality assurance function. It is
    important to ensure quality because it is used to compare
    actual conditions with requirements and to report those results
    to management.
    In The Quality Audit: A Management Evaluation Tool  auditing
    and inspection are not interchangeable: “The auditor may use
    inspection techniques as an evaluation tool, but the audit
    should not be involved in carrying out any verification activities
    leading to the actual acceptance or rejection of a product or
    service. An audit should be involved with the evaluation of the
    process and controls covering the production and verification
    activities.”
    Quality Assurance
    Quality assurance can be defined as "part
    of quality management focused on providing
    confidence that quality requirements will be
    fulfilled." The confidence provided by quality
    assurance is twofold—internally to
    management and externally to customers,
    government agencies, regulators, certifiers,
    and third parties. An alternate definition is "all
    the planned and systematic activities
    implemented within the quality system that can
    be demonstrated to provide confidence that a
    product or service will fulfill requirements for
    quality."
    Quality Control
    Quality control can be defined as "part
    of quality management focused on
    fulfilling quality requirements." While quality
    assurance relates to how a process is
    performed or how a product is made, quality
    control is more the inspection aspect of quality
    management. An alternate definition is "the
    operational techniques and activities used to
    fulfill requirements for quality."

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