ASSIGNMENT

11th Sept 2020

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
USES OF COMPUTER SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
 “COMPUTER PROGRAMMING”
CS-115

Assignment

SESSION 2019
SECTION CV-A

SUBMITTED BY

Name: SHARJEEL GILL Roll #: 18L-0713

SUBMITTED TO:

MADAM AYESHA JAFFAR

CIVIL ENGG. DEPARTMENT

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES

LAHORE
 USES OF COMPUTER IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

I. Introduction:
Since the beginning of time, technology has helped us out as a human race. From the invention of the wheel
to the Internet, technology has been a great factor in the way our civilization has grown. With more and
more technological advances just around the corner, our civilization will continue to grow faster and faster
than ever before. Many different areas, such as healthcare, mass media, transport, education, medicine,
include using technologies of all kinds that guarantee the proper functioning of each field. Computers make
everyday life easier for people from all occupations. The machines help us do tasks quicker, while
communication with friends and family across the world is easier than ever with the click on a button. In
terms of civil engineering, Computers boast deeply augmented the capacity of students to act calculations and
to administer chubby quantity of data. As a result, the font and makeup of tribulations and accurate
techniques educated in drill may partake to alter or made to order consequently that the usefulness of the
mainframe maximize in the teaching-learning process. This is mainly rightful for civil business instruction
somewhere the mainframe has to document a valuable and foremost tool in civil, commerce, chemical
analysis, and design. In the present day living, PC create an chief responsibility is focal fraction of civil
manufacturing for case in point at over and done coax operate doodle pane and tables for drafting the
strategy of construction but the limitless technologies personalized it into new supercomputer earth and it
becomes notable function of the civil business. It also play important role for learning.
 II. Drafting & Designing in Civil Engineering:
The designing and making everything the correct way is a big task for civil engineering from where they can
relate. In the past, engineers had undergone punishment for long regular payment hours to rough copy of a
paper a needle picture using pencils, pens, 2-legged instruments for making circles, increases, three person
groups, and other drafting apparatuses. Until late twentieth hundred, the designing and making of buildings
design line-picture were hand operated forming.

From the 1980s through 1990s, important growth occurred by exchanging the board picture with an again
(made) certain, fixed system called out and outer (knowledge processing machine helped drafting). out and
outer, or computer aided drafting and design cad can be certain and clear as the use of knowledge processing
machine systems to support in the work of art, modification, observations or making the most out of a
design. The out and outer software 1 having among its parts of the knowledge processing machine programs
to apparatus knowledge processing machine giving clear, full picture on the system positive 2 application 3
programs to smooth the designing and making purposes, uses of the user company. It is well experienced
that out and outer system is quicker than old and wise guide design process which (pointed) ends to get
changed to other form the time for getting greater, stronger, more complete untouchable design. For this
reason, it helps to increase the give in of design. In addition, the use of design work-place software 1 which
is having existence in an out and outer structure.
AutoCAD software is a customizable 2D and 3D design and drafting
environment and toolset. Architects, engineers, drafters, and design-related
professionals use it to create, view, manage, plot and output, share, and reuse
accurate, information-rich drawings. It automates your design tasks, and it provides digital tools that let you
focus on the design rather than on the software itself. You use CAD to
accurately model, analyze, and express physical systems on a computer in a
usable way (to manufacture something, for example) while promoting productivity doing
more, better, in less time and facilitating workgroup collaboration.

Some advantages of AutoCAD are:

 AutoCAD offers several distinct competitive advantages for your design

business.
 It is the foundation for other design products tailored to the
very specific needs of certain segments of the design industry, including
architecture, land development, mechanical design and manufacturing, and GIS and
mapping.
 Success breeds success: When you are on AutoCAD, you are becoming part of a global
community of design professionals and can access the billions of drawings they have created
with this product.
 Success breeds success: When it's hiring time, you can recruit from millions of trained users.
 When you want to get hired, you can sell your services to tens of thousands of businesses or start
your own.
 It runs on Windows-based PCs and is optimized for the Internet.
 You can tailor it for industry-specific or task-specific applications or for a special way of
working, either by customizing it yourself or by using one of thousands of commercially
available add-on products.
 It provides high-end functionality at a mid-level price.
Revit, the powerful BIM [Building Information Modeling] software from Autodesk was launched in the year
2000, which allows for easy planning, visualizing and implementation of an architectural or construction
project. Over the period of 17 years, the software has gone through numerous updates, helping increase the
productivity in architects’ office. It covers aspect and areas ranging from, ‘designing a building and its part
in 3-dimension’, ‘detail the model for easy outputs in the form of 3D model or 2D drawings’ and finally
‘access, extract or exchange building data from the building model’s record/database in order to support
decision making regarding a project’. Software helps to improve the mode and quality of work by providing
facilities/options that can engage practically in every stage of project development such as conceptualizing
the project, zoning, planning & framework, designing and detailing, visualizing, structural designing and
specification, implanting services, estimation & scheduling, execution and finally, monitoring. Thus, in all it
helps architects, interior designers, MEP engineers, structural engineers and contractors to plan, design,
construct, operate, track and maintain different stages of a building lifecycle from cradle to the grave.

Some main point related to Revit are:

Advantages:
 Each component you create in the Revit BIM software has parametric qualities. This means your
elements are 3D, but you can also modify the associated 2D planes to change the 3D model.
 The singular database offers several other benefits. One of the most important of these is that it cuts
down on the amount of repetition you have to go through when designing your model.
 The Revit BIM software excels when it comes to creating realistic visualizations. Primarily, you’ll
place your focus on all the data you enter into the model. This results in the creation of models that
incorporate all the data you need to create real-life structures.
 Many of your clients will want you to prove that your designs are sustainable. If you can’t, you may
find you lose out on their business, even if the design itself is attractive. This is where the Revit BIM
software can help you. It features several analytical tools, which you can use to measure the
environmental impact of your models.
 The Revit BIM software doesn’t just aid you in creating environmentally-friendly buildings. It also
helps you to make your own processes more sustainable. Remember how Revit cuts down on the
amount of drawings you need for your models. That means far fewer printouts. In fact, you don’t
need any manual documentation at all. The Revit BIM software automatically records all the
information the project needs.
 If you’ve used digital design software before, you’ll know that most packages offer access to a
library of components that you can pull from when creating your designs. Many architects and
engineers will use these libraries for base components, which they’ll then edit so that they suit the
specific design. The Revit BIM software has a library of parametric components.

Disadvantages:
 While Revit’s focus on accuracy is one of its biggest highlights, it does take away from some other
areas of the software. For example, other digital design software packages tend to create more
fleshed out models. This is because they have access to more general design tools, such as
commands and meshes, that aren’t built into the Revit package.
 While the Revit BIM software will prove useful for architects and engineers, interior designers may
find themselves feeling frustrated. This is because Revit isn’t the easiest software to use if you want
to work on building interiors from a different perspective.
 Revit has gained a lot of steam since it was first introduced. However, it’s still not as popular as the
biggest CAD and digital design tools. This lack of familiarity means that it doesn’t yet have the same
support community built around it that some other software packages have. Furthermore, many firms
shy away from Revit because of the BIM component.
III. GEOTECHNICAL SOFTWARE:
Geotechnical engineering is a branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering properties of earth
materials. Geotechnical engineers are concerned with properties of rocks and soil below the ground to in
designing of foundations for houses and bridges. Computer programs help designers with important and
useful designing tools. Geotechnical designing and making is the branch of Civil designing and making that
amounts with great stones, soils and under the earth water, and their effects in the design, building and
operation of designing and making undertakings.

Such projects cover earthworks structures for buildings, roads, making way through earth-moving activity,
bridges and walls against water, noise in back and seismic without change, unmoving of natural and made a
hole slopes, earth shocks questions, earth support systems, get onto land adjustment technology, number
designing to be copied and Disposal of waste products by put under earth in the earth and many other types
of undertakings.

Today, every person who designs, builds, or works on engines, machines, or public works and geologist has way in to
a personal knowledge-processing machine that can undertake with having to do with rest complex number
observations of great stone slopes. The use of geotechnical programs in general, lets testing the structure or base
structure for the undertaking even within complex conditions. This would help the process of support and get in good
condition again of mistakes during or after the business house of the undertaking. Civil, to do with structure and
conditions of engineers as well as of a town made system designers and buildings designers may use these software
for a structure building land idea or a public works undertaking in a special placing. The thought of geographic
elements designing to be copied is the special apparatus for making or put right things in geotechnical software.
The easy graphical participation procedures alter a fast generation of complicated finite component models,
whereas the improved output facilities give an in depth presentation of computational results. PLAXIS 3D
was discharged in 2010 that's thought of as a versatile 3 D tool for geotechnical engineers , WHO don't give
the impression to be essentially numerical specialists, to perform sensible analysis. PLAXIS has been
processed with options to handle varied aspects of sophisticated geotechnical structure sand construction
processes by coming up with a strong and theoretically sound computational continuing. These options as
summarized by PLAXIS by are: user-friendly 3D geotechnical computer code, versatile and practical pure
mathematics, realistic simulation of construction stages, calculation kernel, comprehensive and elaborated
post-processing, logical geotechnical work flow, easy-to-use graphical interface, borehole wizard for soil
modeling and real 3D interaction.

FLAC (Fast Lagrangian psychotherapy of Continua) is an impressive two-dimensional continuum code.

First was introduced in 1986 by ITASCA C.G., as positively for FLAC 3D. This universal study and draft
tool; is a software based on the predetermined distinct method, which utilized for modeling soil, rock and
structural actions by geotechnical, civil, and mining engineers and know how to be functional to a broad
collection of manufacturing problems. It uses the recent advances in modeling multi-stag Geotechnical
problems, such as sequential excavation, backfilling and loading, as its code relies on the formulation of
finite differences.

The formulations know how to adaptation greater displacements and strains and non-linear stuff deeds equal
if yield or not a success occurs over an open neighborhood or in the incident of a full-blown collapse. It
offers thirteen built-in ideas models, groundwater flow, coupled mechanical-flow calculation, inclusion of
structural elements, plotting arithmetical allotment of any property, not obligatory instinctive remising
during resolution and a built-in scripting language to modify or automate nearly altogether aspects of agenda
operation, counting user-defined properties and other variables. FLAC accommodates add up to of multiplex
behaviors organize not proper effortlessly to FEM codes. It includes the evils that are cool, calm and
collected of quite a few stages, sizeable displacements and strains, the actions of non-linear background and
unstable systems (even belongings of yield/failure over great areas, or entirety collapse). FLAC3D has all-
purpose facial appearance reasonably comparable to FLAC. Old for well ahead geotechnical assay of soil,
rock, and structural take care of in three dimensions an arithmetical modeling secret language.

Geo Studio software is a result suite for a broad form of geotechnical, geo environmental, civil, and mining
commerce projects and their snag analysis. This software industrial by GEOSLOPE intercontinental Ltd,
Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is ordinarily second-hand for predetermined factor analysis, slope stability,
leaching chemical analysis and subsequently on. It includes eight software products: SLOPE/W for slope
stability, SEEP/W for groundwater seepage, SIGMA/W for stress- deformation, QUAKE/W for dynamic
earthquake, TEMP/W for geothermal, CTRAN/W for poison transport, AIR/W for express tide and
VADOSE/W for vadose zone and soil coat analysis.

Geo Studio applications are integrated; they make available by the domino effect of the assay of one
creation in another. This inimitable and pungent piece completely expands the atypical enter of evils that
know how to be analyzed. These eight integrated applications are equipped with elite skin to concentrate on
quite a few aspects of a lot of geotechnical and geo environmental manufacturing modeling of structures and
the interaction between the structures and the soil.
IV. HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING:
Hydraulic engineering as a sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of
fluids, principally water and sewage. One feature of these systems is the extensive use of gravity as the
motive force to cause the movement of the fluids. This area of civil engineering is intimately related to the
design of bridges, dams, channels, canals, and levees, and to both sanitary and environmental engineering.
The notable evolve numerical techniques and abilities of the computers has enabled hydraulic engineers and
researchers to obtain solutions of supplementary tough and set of buildings problems, which were
considered unsuitable for numerical solutions only a brief time before Software played very significant roles
in all fields of hydraulic engineering, such as water distribution system, which is one of the most important
fields in the hydraulic engineering. These systems are vital in supplying communities with their water
demand include pipes, pumps, valves and reservoirs and are designed to deliver water at adequate discharge
and pressure according to demands and with specific quality . Before the use of computerized models, water
distribution system analysis using hand-held calculators slide rules involved many simplifying assumption
and approximation. Consequently, designs were often more conservative and expensive than necessary. On
the contrary, via CPU model contributed in building the processes of analyze and project of the hose down
allotment system nearer and other perfect than constantly before. A laptop genre uses mathematical
equations to stop give explanation and predict animal events. Modeling of fill with tears circulation system
container set a limit you to ascertain system force and pour charge under a multiplicity of atypical
conditions. at hand is to a great extent software second-hand in the sports ground of dampen division
system, as an example: Water CAD and Water GEM.
Water CAD is hydrologic software for modeling fill with tears division systems in classify to evaluate load
at main locations and to attain the hydraulic grade for total system. It is old to motif and evaluate hose down
giving out system, range of pipes and pumps, psychoanalysis and defenselessness studies and master
planning. Furthermore, it analyzes conflagration shelter system and performs energy detriment analysis.
Water CAD has the capability to produce graphs, profiles and tabular fully importing and exporting
information from and to AutoCAD and Arc report. These capabilities assistance civil engineers in analyzing,
manipulative and optimizing hose delivery systems, sinking the compulsory time, being wealth, and building
decisions to evaluate and cope allotment networks with additional truth and efficiency. Water CAD helps
you make progress aim productivity, with: smooth mode building: force and import effectively any outer
figures plan to jumpstart the genre accurately, straightforwardly allocate hose demands, and automate
environment extraction and node allocation. Organized assessment of alternatives: Assess and judge against
a boundless amount of physical, design, irrigate demand, net topology, and operational scenarios .CAD
interoperability: copy in a habitual platform, leveraging CAD tools and shortcuts as soon as via Water CAD
from in Micro place or AutoCAD. You canister besides indicate to wastage Water CAD as a stand-alone
application, for bonus flexibility.

Water GEMS is a hydraulic and fill up feature modeling mixture for irrigate allocation systems with
progressive interoperability, geospatial model building, optimization, and asset management tools. Water
GEMS is used in analyzing and designing water distribution systems, managing the infrastructure capital
cost, fire flow analysis and water quality analysis and energy consumption management. It has many
abilities for instance; working seamlessly in Arc GIS, AutoCAD and Micro Station, displaying multiple
graphs, tables and profiles at the same time, calibrating with Darwin, exporting the results easily to Google
Earth, qualitative modeling and relevant analysis. Accordingly, by Water GEMS in civil business topic
contributed in creation the practice of management and maintenance of hose spreading system
supplementary without doubt and professionally, sinking calculations as regards geographical interpretation,
detecting the leak in circulation systems and ameliorate in building the correct decisions. Water GEMS
provides you with an inclusive thus far easy-to-use decision-support tool for irrigate delivery networks. The
software helps recover your knowhow of how infrastructure behaves as a system, how it reacts to
operational strategies, and how it be supposed to get bigger as people and burden increase.
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