Jean Watson is a nursing theorist known for developing the Philosophy and Science of Caring. [1] She earned several nursing degrees and is currently a professor. [2] Her theory proposes 10 Carative Factors and Caritas Processes that are the "core" of nursing and focus on caring through loving-kindness. [3] The theory emphasizes caring for the whole person through mind, body, and spirit.
Jean Watson is a nursing theorist known for developing the Philosophy and Science of Caring. [1] She earned several nursing degrees and is currently a professor. [2] Her theory proposes 10 Carative Factors and Caritas Processes that are the "core" of nursing and focus on caring through loving-kindness. [3] The theory emphasizes caring for the whole person through mind, body, and spirit.
Jean Watson is a nursing theorist known for developing the Philosophy and Science of Caring. [1] She earned several nursing degrees and is currently a professor. [2] Her theory proposes 10 Carative Factors and Caritas Processes that are the "core" of nursing and focus on caring through loving-kindness. [3] The theory emphasizes caring for the whole person through mind, body, and spirit.
Jean Watson is a nursing theorist known for developing the Philosophy and Science of Caring. [1] She earned several nursing degrees and is currently a professor. [2] Her theory proposes 10 Carative Factors and Caritas Processes that are the "core" of nursing and focus on caring through loving-kindness. [3] The theory emphasizes caring for the whole person through mind, body, and spirit.
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Jean Watson (Philosophy and Science of Caring)
Jean Harman Watson
} Was Born in 1940 in the Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia } Earned a diploma from Lewis Gale Hospital School of Nursing } BSN = University of Colorado, Boulder } MN-MHPN = University of Colorado, Denver } Ph.D. in Educational Psychology and Counseling = University of Colorado Boulder } She is currently a distinguished professor, Director, Center for human caring, School of Nursing, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver } Has earned six honorary doctoral degrees
Science of Caring: 7 Assumptions
} Caring is effectively demonstrated and practiced interpersonally. } Caring consists of 10 Carative Factors } Effective Caring promotes health and growth } Caring accepts people now and in the future } A caring environment offers potential for development } Caring is more “healthogenic” than is curative } The practice of caring is central to nursing
3 Major Elements: } I. Ten Clinical Caritas Processes } II. Transpersonal Caring Processes } III. Caring Occasion/ Caring Moments
Caritas } Means to cherish, to appreciate, and to give special attention } It conveys the concept of love. } 1979: Carative Factors } 2001: Caritas processes
Caritas Processes } Is the “core” of nursing } Grounded in the philosophy, science, and art of caring } “the model does not consider caring as a soft nice thing for nurses to do or a nice way to be, in some romantic pre-modern sense.” } BUT, it posits caring knowledge and actions as a SERIOUS ontological, ethical, and pragmatic concern for the discipline (1996b) CARATIVE FACTORS CARATIVE PROCESSES 1. The formation of a humanistic- Practicing loving kindness and equanimity altruistic system of values for oneself and other
2. Instillation of faith-hope Being authentically present and enabling,
sustaining, and honoring in the deep belief system & subjective life world of oneself and the one being cared for 3. Cultivation of sensitivity of oneself Cultivating one’s own spiritual practices; and to others deepening of self-awareness, going beyond the ego self 4. Development of helping-trusting, Developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, human caring relation authentic caring relationship 5. Promotion and acceptance of the Being present to, and supportive of, the expression of positive and negative expression of positive and negative feelings feelings as a connection with a deeper spirit of oneself and the one being cared for 6. Systematic use of a creative problem- Creatively using oneself and all ways of solving caring processes knowing as part of the caring process and engagement in the artistry of caring-healing practices 7. The promotion of transpersonal Engaging in a genuine teaching-learning teaching-learning experience within the context of a caring relationship, while attending to the whole person and subjective meaning; attempting to stay within the other’s frame of reference 8. The provision of a supportive, Creating a healing environment at all levels protective, and corrective mental, (physical, nonphysical), subtle environment physical, societal and spiritual of energy and consciousness whereby environment wholeness, beauty, comfort, dignity and peace are potentiated 9. The assistance with the gratification of Assisting with basic needs, with an intentional human needs caring consciousness, administering “human care essentials”, which potentiate alignment of mind-body-spirit and evolving spiritual emergence 10. Allowance for existential- Opening and attending to spiritual, phenomenological-spiritual forces mysterious, and unknown existential dimensions of life, death, suffering; “allowing for a miracle”
Transpersonal Caring Relationship (TCR)
} To connect with the spirit of the other through the processes of caring and healing and being in authentic relation, in the moment } Depends on 3 Factors 3 TCR factors: } Nurse’s moral commitment in protecting and enhancing human dignity as well as the deeper/higher self } Nurses’ caring consciousness communicated to preserve and honor the embodied spirit, therefore, not reducing the person to the moral status of an object } Nurses’ caring consciousness and connection having the potential to heal since experience, perception, and intentional connection are taking place.
Caring Moment } The moment when the nurse and another person come together in such a way that an occasion for human caring is created.
Watson’s Metaparadigm of Nursing
} PERSON ◦ A unity of the mind-body-spirit-nature ◦ Embodied spirit ◦ Each part is a reflection of the whole, yet the whole is greater than, and different from, the sum of the parts } HEALING SPACE & ENVIRONMENT ◦ A nonphysical energetic environment ◦ A vibrational field integral with the person where the nurse is not only in the environment but ◦ “the nurse IS the environment” (Watson, 2008) } HEALTH ◦ Unity and harmony within the body, mind, and soul ◦ A harmony between: } The self and others } The self and nature } Openness to increased possibility } ILLNESS ◦ A subjective disharmony within the spheres of the person } NURSING ◦ A reciprocal transpersonal relationship in caring moments guided by carative factors and caritas processes
