QUARTER 2

TEAM SPORTS

BASKETBALL
NATURE AND BACKGROUND OF BASKETBALL

Basketball is a team sport, the objective being to shoot a ball through a basket horizontally positioned to score points while following a
set of rules. Usually, two teams of five players play on a marked rectangular court with a basket at each width end. Basketball is one of the
world’s most popular and widely viewed sports.
A regulation basketball hoop consists of a rim 18 inches in diameter and 10 feet high mounted to a backboard. A team can score a field
goal by shooting the ball through the basket during regular play. A field goal scores two points for the shooting team if a player is touching or
closer to the basket than the three-point line, and three points (known commonly as a 3 pointer or three) if the player is behind the three-point
line. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) may be issued when the game ends with a draw.
The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or throwing (passing) it to a team mate. It is a violation
to move without dribbling the ball (travelling), to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling (double dribble).
Various violations are generally called “fouls”. Disruptive physical contact (a personal foul) is penalized, and a free throw is usually
awarded to an offensive player if he is fouled while shooting the ball. A technical foul may also be issued when certain infractions occur, most
commonly for unsportsmanlike conduct on the part of a player or coach. A technical foul gives the opposing team a free throw, and the opposing
team is also retained possession of the ball.
Basketball has evolved many commonly used techniques of shooting, passing, dribbling, and rebounding, as well as specialized player
positions and offensive and defensive structures (player positioning) and techniques. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play “center”,
“power forward” or “small forward” positions, while short players or those who possess the best ball handling skills and speed play “point guard”
or “shooting guard”.
While competitive basketball is carefully regulated, numerous variations of basketball have developed for casual play. Competitive
basketball is primarily an indoor sports played n a carefully marked and maintained basketball court, but less regulated variations are often
played outdoors in both inner city and remote areas.

HISTORY

Basketball was invented in December 1891 by the Canadian clergyman, educator, and physician James Naismith. Naismith introduced
the game when he was an instructor at the Young Men’s Christian Association Training School (now Springfield College) in Springfield
Massachusetts. At the request of his superior, Dr. Luther H. Gulick, he organized vigorous recreation suitable for indoor winter play. The game
involved elements of American football, soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used was a soccer ball. Team had nine players, and the goals
were wooden peach baskets affixed to the walls. By 1897-1898, teams of five became standard. The game rapidly spread nationwide and to
Canada and other parts of the world, played by both women and men, it also became a popular informal outdoor game. U.S. serviceman in
World War II (1939-1945) popularized the sport in many other countries.
A number of U.S. colleges adopted the game between about 1893 and 1895. In 1934 the first college games were staged in New York
City’s Madison Square Garden, and college basketball began to attract heightened interest. By the 1950’s basketball had become a major
college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball.
The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less
rough game. This league only lasted five years before disbanding; its demise spawned a number of loosely organized teams was the Original
Celtics, organized about 1915 in New York City. They played as many as 150 games a season and dominated basketball until 1936. The Harlem
Globetrotters, founded in 1927, a notable exhibition team, specialized in amusing court antics and expert ball handling.
In 1949 two subsequent professional leagues, the National Basketball League (formed in 1937) and the Basketball Association of
America (1946) merged to create the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Boston Celtics, led by their center Bill Russell, dominated the
NBA from the late 1950s through the 1960s. by the 1960s, pro teams from coast to coast played before crowds of many millions annually. Wilt
Chamberlain, a center for the Los Angeles Lakers, was another leading player during the era, and his battles with Russell were eagerly
anticipated. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, also a center, came to prominence during the 1970s. Jabbar perfected his famed “sky hook” shot while
playing for the Los Angeles Lakers and dominated the opposition.
The NBA suffered drop in popularity during the late 1970s, but was resuscitated, principally through the growing popularity of its most
prominent players. Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics, and Magic Johnson of Los Angeles Lakers are credited with injecting excitement into the
league in the 1980s through their superior skills and decade-long rivalry. During the late 1980’s Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls rose to
stardom and helped the Bulls dominate the NBA during the early 1990s. a new generation of basketball stars, including Shaquille O’Neal of the
Orlando Magic and Larry Johnson of the Charlotte Hornets, have sustained the NBA’s growth in popularity.

BASIC SKILL IN BASKETBALL

1. SHOOTING
The first basic skill to be learned is shooting. Every basketball player loves to shoot the ball. The most practiced skill in the game is
shooting. Players spend a good deal of their practice time on shooting drills to improve their skill level. After all, if you can’t shoot, you can’t
score. So, here’s how you can improve your shooting skills in basketball.

 Remember BEEF (Balance, Elbow, Elbow, Follow through) when shooting the ball.
 Be relaxed and concentrate on the basket.
 Know when you have a good shot and then take it.
 Be in proper balance when shooting the ball.
 Follow through on every shot you take.
 Jump naturally
 “Up, hang, shoot!” is an easy way to remember this
 Make sure you have an arc on every shot you take.
 Be relaxed when shooting free throws.
 Practice all of your shots.

2. DRIBBLING
Dribbling in basketball is a skill that you should master. It allows you to move around the court while you’re in possession of the ball. It
is a legal method that allows you to advance with the ball and make a score as opposed to that of passing it to a teammate to shoot it for the
basket. This move involves bouncing the ball off the floor with your hands as you cover the floor. This is how it’s done.

 Dribble the ball with hand and use only the tips of your finger in dribbling it
 Employ the wrist and the forearm to push the ball while covering the court
 Involving the whole hand will make you lose control of the ball
 Don’t keep your fingers in touch with each other whole dribbling
  Spread your fingers to allow full control of the ball as it dribbles
 Dribbling the ball in one side of your body and not right in front
 While dribbling in one hand, use the other hand to drive your defender away from the ball.

3. PASSING
Basketball is a team game. By definition, that means all players are involved with the process of playing the game and should function
as one. One of the primary skills created to accomplish this is passing. It is a skill that maximizes the involvement of all player in setting up a play
to ear successful shots and earn points for the whole team. To learn more about passing, read and practice as instructed below:

 Basically, there are two types of pass: air pass and bounce pass. Air pass travels between players without hitting the floor. Bounce
pass is thrown to the floor so that it bounces to the intended receiver.
 Air passes include Chest Pass – a pass that originates from the chest to the receiver’s chest level; and Overhead Pass – a pass that
originates from the forehead. With this pass, aim for your teammate’s chin. Don’t bring the ball behind your head, because it can get
stolen and it takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.
 In executing bounce passed, calculates about 3/3 distance from the receiver as the hitting point so that the ball bounces right to your
receiver. But for better accuracy, you have to experiment by yourself because the bounce is directly proportional with how strong the
ball hits the floor.
 A good pass is a pass a teammate can catch.
 When passing, step toward your receiver.
 When catching, step toward the pass
 Like shooting, the ball should have a backspin to it. This is accomplished by following through on every pass.

4. REBOUNDING

Rebounding is one of the major aspects of the game. It is your ability to jump with power to gain possession of the ball as it bounces to
the rim after a failed shot before it touches the floor. Just how important is rebounding? Whenever you grab a rebound, your team gains a
chance to shoot again while the other team actually loses it. The difference is double. So, how to make a good rebound, here’s how…..

 Practice good footwork and vertical leap or jumps

 Anticipating where the ball is landing
 The longer the shot or harder the rim, the father the bounces
 When a shooter is a soft shooter, this means he always takes time to put an arc on his shots the ball bounces near the ring.
 When a shooter is a hard shooter, this means there’s a little or no arc on his shots, then the ball bounces far from the ring.
 Leg power and strong body are needed in rebounding that’s why it is essential that strength and power exercises should be considered
to conditioning your body.

5. RUNNING
Running is one of the most basic skills that a basketball player should possess, because in this sport, speed defines the best. Whether
you’re on the offensive or defensive side of the game, pass, receive, shoot or rebound a ball, you always have to run in any way possible. Here
are some tips for you to improve your running skills.

 Always have a good pair of playing shoes.

 Always do a combination of dynamic stretching and warm-up activities across the court before going out to play a game.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT IN BASKETBALL

A. BASKETBALL COURT

 Court Dimensions –
the size of the court
depends on the playing
level. The size of the
court for NBA and
College games is 94
feet long and 50 feet
wide. It is smaller for
High School and Junior
High.

The Backboard and

Rim - the regulation
height above the ground
for the rim (hoop) is 10
feet, and the rim is 18
inches in diameter.
Backboards are 6 feet
wide (72 inches) by 42
inches tall, with the
inner square being 24
inches wide by 18
inches tall.
 The Foul Line – for all
size courts the ‘foul line’
is 15 feet in front of the
backboard.
 The Key – the key is 12
feet wide, and is the
same for all basketball courts. The backboard extends 4 feet out over the baseline into the key. A half circle of diameter 6 foot extends
from the foul line away from the basket to complete the key.
  The 3 Point Line (Arc) – for NBA Basketball Courts the 3 point arc is 22 feet to the center of the rim on the sides with a straight line
extending out 16 feet 9 inches from the baseline. Past those points the line extends out 23 feet 9 inches from the center of the rim.
 Line Markings – all line markings on the floor are 2 inches wide and can vary in color.

B. BALL – the basket ball is an inflated sphere with an outer covering. It is 75 to 78 cm in circumference and weighs 600-650 grams. It must be
made of leather in the official FIBA competitions.

C. BASKET – also called goal. It is made up of horizontal circular metal rim with a net hanging from it. It is mounted 3.05 meter above floor level.

D. BACKBOARD – the rigid rectangular board behind the rim. Standard widths are 24”-42”, 44”-48”, 60”-72”.

E. SHOES – preferably high-topped shoes.

GLOSSARY OF TEMS:
1. AIR PASS – a pass that travels between players without hitting the floor.
2. ASSIST – a pass that subsequently result in a goal being scored.
3. BACK COURT – the defensive zone for each team.
4. BACK PEDAL – a dynamic stretching exercise which is executed by running backward wherein the heels are almost touching the buttocks.
5. BOUNCE PASS – a kind of pass in Basketball wherein the ball is thrown to the floor so that it bounces to the intended receiver.
6. CARIOCA – a dynamic stretching exercise which is the same with that of grapevine step in dancing. It is executed through a step sideward
followed by a cross-step in front, step sideward and cross-step in rear. It may be done repeatedly. The difference with that of
grapevine is that it is executed with a bounce to achieve the stretching effects.
7. CHESS PASS – a pass that originates from the chest to the receiver’s chest level.
8. DEFENSIVE PLAY – a type of play in team sports particularly in Basketball wherein the team aims at preventing the opponents from shooting
the ball or gaining possession of the ball.
9. DEFENSIVE REBOUND – a rebound caught by defenders.
10. DOUBLE TEAM – when two defenders mark one attacker, usually their best player.
11. DRIBBLING – a basketball basic skill that allows you to move around the court while you’re in possession of the ball. It is a legal method that
allows you to advance with the ball and make a score as opposed to that of passing it to a teammate to shoot it for the basket.
This move involves bouncing the ball off the floor with your hands as you cover the floor.
12. DRIVE – an attacking move at full speed.
13. DUNK SHOT – a spectacular scoring maneuver when a player jumps high, reaches above the ring, and stuffs the ball down through the
hoop.
14. FOUL – an infraction or violation of the rules of a game.
15. GOAL-TENDING – an illegal play in which a player deflects a ball that is on the downward path to the basket or that is already on the rim of
the basket, carrying the penalty of an automatic score when committed by the defense or nullifying the field goal when committed
by the offense.
15. HIGH KNEES – a dynamic stretching exercise which is executed by running forward, lifting the knees until the upper leg is parallel to the
ground, toes pointed downward.
16. MISCONDUCT – an unbecoming behavior of a player contributing to the disturbance or unusual flow of a game.
17. OFFENSIVE PLAY – a type of play in team sports particularly in basketball wherein the team plays in possession of the ball aiming at
earning points through shooting.
18. OVERHEAD PASS – a pass that originates from the forehead. With this pass, aim for your teammate’s chin, don’t bring the ball behind your
head, because it can get stolen and it takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.
19. PASSING – basketball is a team game. By definition, that means all players are involved with the process of playing the game and should
function as one. One of the primary skills created to accomplish this is passing. It is a skill that maximizes the involvement of all
player in setting up a play to earn successful shots and earn points for the whole team.
20. REBOUNDING – one of the major aspects of the game. It is your ability to jump with power to gain possession of the ball as it bounces to
the rim after a failed shot before it touches the floor. Just how important is rebounding? Whenever you grab a rebound, your team
gains chance to shoot again while the other team actually loses it. The difference is double.
21. REFEREE – the term used to refer to the officiating official in basketball.
22. RUNNING – one of the most basic skills that a basketball player should possess. Because in this sport, speed defines the best. Whether
you’re on the offensive or defensively side of the game, pass, receive, shoot or rebound a ball, you always have to run in any way
possible.
23. SHOOTING – the first basic skill to be learned is shooting. Every basketball player loves to shoot the ball. The most practiced skill in the
game is shooting. Players spend a good deal of their practice time on shooting drills to improve their skill level.
24. SHUFFLE – a dynamic stretching exercise in which is also called gallop. A combination of step and cut in one count. It may done forward,
backward, and most commonly sideward with one foot always leading.
25. WARM-UP EXERCISE – these are exercises which are composed of static and dynamic exercises intended to gradually increase heart rate
at the same time prepare and condition the body to more strenuous physical activities there preventing injuries from happening.

ASPECTS OF THE GAME THINGS TO CONSIDER

10 players per team
TEAM COMPOSITION 5 players to play per quarter
START OF PLAY Jump ball
DURATION OF THE GAME 8 minutes per quarter ( 32 minutes per game)
TIME-OUTS 2 time-outs per quarter except last quarter which is 3.
SUBSTITUTIONS 5 maximum substitutions per quarter
REGULAR FOULS Blocking foul
Charging/Offensive Fouls
Illegal use of hands.
Holding
REGULAR VIOLATIONS Goal-tending violation
Travelling violation
Backing violation
Stepping on the line
Loose ball
TIME VIOLATIONS 3 seconds violation
5 seconds violation
8 seconds violation
Shot Clock violation (24 seconds)
SERIOUS OFFENSE/MISCONDUCTS Assault to an opposing player
Disrespect to officials
OVERTIME In case of tie, 5 minutes overtime is given
OFFICIALS OF THE GAME Referee
Umpire
Time Keeper
Scorer