This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A860/A860M − 18

Standard Specification for

Wrought High-Strength Ferritic Steel Butt-Welding Fittings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A860/A860M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification covers wrought high-strength ferritic 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
steel butt-welding fittings of seamless and electric fusion- A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
welded construction. Dimensions of the fittings are provided in cal Analysis of Steel Products
the latest revisions of ASME B16.9 and MSS-SP-75. Butt- A960/A960M Specification for Common Requirements for
welding fittings differing from ASME B16.9 shall be furnished Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Speci- 2.2 ASME Standards:3
fication A960/A960M. These fittings are for use in high- B16.9 Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
pressure gas and oil transmission and distribution systems. 2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:3
Section V
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for Section VIII Division 1
fittings when a greater degree of examination is desired. One or Section IX
more of the supplementary requirements may be specified in 2.4 MSS Standards:4
the order. MSS SP-25 The Standard Marking System of Valves,
Fittings, Flanges and Unions
1.3 This specification does not cover cast-welding fittings or
MSS-SP-75 Specification for High Test Wrought Butt-
fittings machined from castings.
Welding Fittings
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 2.5 American Society of Nondestructive Testing:5
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
3. Ordering Information
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the 3.1 In addition to the requirements of Specification A960/
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standard. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” speci- A960M, the following ordering information applies:
fication designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished 3.1.1 Grade Symbol,
to inch-pound units. 3.1.2 Requirements for certification of test report.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 4. General Requirements
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the the requirements of Specification A960/A960M, including any
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee www.asme.org.
4
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally hq.com.
5
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A860/A860M – 14. Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box
DOI: 10.1520/A0860_A0860M-18. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A860/A860M − 18
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase 5.6.1 Made by welders, welding operators, and welding
order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of procedures qualified under the provisions of ASME Boiler and
Specification A960/A960M constitutes nonconformance with Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements 5.6.2 Heat treated in accordance with Section 6 of this
of this specification and Specification A960/A960M, this specification, and
specification shall prevail. 5.6.3 Radiographically examined throughout the entire
length of each weld in accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of
5. Materials and Manufacture ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V with
5.1 The material for fittings shall be fully killed fine-grain acceptance limits in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of
material made by a melting process that is intended to produce ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII.
rounded, well dispersed, fine sulphide inclusions, that promote 5.7 The welded joints of the fittings shall be furnished in
good notch toughness, assists in the resistance to hydrogen accordance with the requirements of Paragraph UW-35(a) of
induced cracking, and for weldability suitable for field weld- ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII.
ing.
5.8 All butt-weld tees manufactured by cold-forming meth-
5.2 Starting materials shall consist of plate, sheet, forgings, ods shall be liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examined by
forging quality bar, and seamless or fusion-welded tubular one of the methods specified in Supplementary Requirements
products with filler metal added. The chemical composition S69 or S70 of Specification A960/A960M. This examination
shall conform to Table 1. shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure and
5.3 A starting material that specifically requires the addition shall be performed after final heat treatment. Only the side wall
of any element beyond those listed in Table 1 is not permitted. area of the tees need be examined. This area is defined by a
This does not preclude the use of deoxidizers. circle that covers the area from the weld bevel of the branch
outlet to the center line of the body or run. Internal and external
5.4 Starting material shall not require a preheat for field
surfaces shall be examined when size permits accessibility. No
welding provided that the restrictions of ASME Boiler and
cracks shall be permitted. Other imperfections shall be treated
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Paragraph UW-30 are
in accordance with 12.1 on finish. After the removal of any
complied with.
cracks, the tees shall be re-examined by the original method.
5.5 Forging or shaping operations may be performed by Acceptable tees shall be marked with the symbol PT or MT, as
hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, applicable, to indicate compliance. NDE personnel shall be
bending, fusion, welding, machining, or by a combination of qualified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A.
these operations.
5.9 All caps machined from bar stock shall be examined by
5.6 All welds including welds in tubular products from liquid penetrant or magnetic particle in accordance with
which the fittings are made shall be: Supplementary Requirements S69 or S70 of Specification
A960/A960M, and with personnel qualifications, acceptance
criteria, and marking as in 5.8.

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TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition % 6. Heat Treatment
Heat 6.1 All fittings shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-
Analysis
tion. Fittings formed above the transformation temperature or
Carbon 0.20A
upon which welding is performed, shall be cooled to below the
Manganese 1.00–1.45 All values are
Phosphorus 0.030 maximum unless lower critical temperature prior to heat treatment. Fittings shall
Sulfur 0.010 a range is stated subsequently be heat treated by normalizing, quenching, and
Silicon 0.15–0.40B
Nickel 0.50C
tempering or stress relieving in accordance with Specification
Chromium 0.30C A960/A960M.
Molybdenum 0.25C
Copper 0.35C 7. Chemical Composition
Titanium 0.05
Vanadium 0.10 7.1 The chemical composition of the steel shall conform to
NiobiumD 0.04 the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
Vanadium plus 0.12
Niobium 7.2 The steel shall not contain any unspecified elements for
Aluminum 0.06 the ordered grade to the extent that it conforms to the
A
The carbon equivalent, as calculated by the following formula, shall not exceed requirements of another grade for which that element is a
0.42 %: specified element having a required minimum content.
Mn Cr1Mo1V Ni1Cu
CE 5 C1
6
1
5
1
15
7.3 Analysis of each heat of steel shall be made from a
B
sample taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The
If vacuum carbon deoxidation is used, silicon shall not exceed 0.10 % by heat
analysis and 0.12 % by product analysis.
results shall conform to Table 1 for either heat or Specification
C
The sum of Ni + Cr + Mo + Cu shall not exceed 1.0 %. A960/A960M for product analysis limits as applicable.
D
Niobium and columbium are interchangeable names for the same element and
both names are acceptable for use in A01.22 specifications. 7.4 The fittings manufacturer shall make a product analysis
per heat from either the starting material or from a fitting. The

2
 A860/A860M − 18
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to Table impact specimens shall not be flattened after heat treatment. All
1. The product analysis shall be the basis for rejection. For base metal specimens shall be removed with the axis of the
referee purposes, Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology specimens longitudinal to the direction of primary metal flow.
A751 shall apply. Weld-metal specimens shall be specimens with the axis trans-
7.5 The carbon equivalent of the base metal, as determined verse to the weld seam.
by the following formula, shall not exceed 0.42 % for the 8.2 One set of impact tests (three specimens) shall be made
product analysis: to represent the base metal and one set (three specimens) to
Mn Cr1Mo1V Ni1Cu represent the weld metal on the same frequency as the tension
CE 5 C1
6
1
5
1
15 tests.
7.6 Weld metal used in the construction of the fittings shall 8.3 The test temperature shall be −50 °F [−46 °C].
conform to the tensile and impact requirements of 9.4 and 8.1 9. Tensile Requirements
after heat treatment in accordance with Section 6. A chemical
9.1 The tensile properties of the fitting material shall con-
analysis shall be performed on deposited weld metal for each
form to the requirements listed in Table 2.
heat of filler metal or, for submerged arc welding, each heat of
filler metal and batch of flux. The weld metal shall be deposited 9.2 Tension test specimens shall be taken from a fitting after
in accordance with the qualified weld procedure. final heat treatment or from a test piece of the same heat and
nominal thickness that was heat treated in a furnace charge
7.7 Only the carbon content of the deposited weld-metal
with the fittings they represent.
composition need comply with the requirements of Table 1.
The nickel content of the deposited weld metal shall not exceed 9.3 One tensile test is required for each heat of fittings of the
1.0 %. same section thickness, and heat treated in either a continuous
or batch-type furnace, controlled within a range of 50 °F
8. Notch Toughness Properties [28 °C] and equipped with recording pyrometers.
8.1 The notch toughness properties of the fittings shall 9.4 In addition, fittings containing welds shall have one
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conform to the requirements listed in Table 2. The testing shall center-weld tension test made with the axis transverse to the
be performed as specified in Specification A960/A960M. Full weld seam for each heat of filler metal, or each heat of filler
size Charpy, V-notch specimens shall be used whenever metal and batch of flux for submerged arc welds, for fittings of
possible. Small size specimens shall be used only when the the same section thickness and heat treated in either a continu-
material thickness does not permit full size specimens. The ous or batch-type furnace controlled within a range of 50 °F

TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements

Property Grade
WPHY 42 WPHY 46 WPHY 52 WPHY 60 WPHY 65 WPHY 70

Yield strength, minA 0.2 % offset, ksi [MPa] 42 [290] 46 [315] 52 [360] 60 [415] 65 [450] 70 [485]
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] 60 [415] 63 [435] 66 [455] 75 [515] 77 [530] 80 [550]

−85 [585] −88 [605] −91 [625] −100 [690] −102 [705] −105 [725]
Elongation:
Standard round specimen, or small-size proportional 25 25 25 20 20 20
specimen, min, % in 4D
Rectangular specimen, for section thickness 5⁄16 in. 32 32 32 28 28 28
[7.94 mm] and over, and for all small sizes tested
in full section; min, % in 2 in. [50 mm].
B B B B B B
Rectangular specimen for thickness less than 5⁄16 in.
[7.94 mm]; min, % 2 in. [50 mm]. Width of specimen
11⁄2 in. [40 mm].
Toughness:
Cvenergy absorptionC ; measured at −50 °F [−46 °C].
Lateral Expansion min, MLS[mm]
Size, mm Average/min, ft·lbs[J]

10× 10 30/25 [40/34] 25 [0.64]

10× 7.5 25/21 [34/28] 21 [0.53]
10× 5 20/17 [27/23] 13 [0.33]
A
Actual yield strength shall not exceed specified minimum by more than 15 ksi [105 MPa].
B
For each 1⁄32-in. [0.79 mm] decrease in section thickness below 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm], a deduction of 1.5 % from the elongation value of specimens above 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm]
is permitted. When the section thickness lies between two values defined above, the minimum elongation value is determined by the following equation:
E 5 48t115.00

where:
E = elongation % in 2 in. [50 mm], and
t = actual thickness of specimen.
C
These requirements are intended to minimize fracture initiation. The requirements are not intended to give assurance against fracture propagation.

3
 A860/A860M − 18
[28 °C] and equipped with recording pyrometers. Only the 14.2 All fittings shall be capable of withstanding, after
ultimate tensile strength need meet the minimum requirement installation, without failure, leakage, or impairment of
of Table 2. serviceability, a hydrostatic test pressure of 100 % based on
minimum yield strength of the material grade, wall thickness,
10. Hardness Requirements and outside diameter ordered in Section 3. The hydrostatic
10.1 Fittings shall have a maximum hardness of 22 HRC pressure shall be calculated in accordance with Barlow’s
(235 HBW). equation:
t
11. Dimensions P 5 2S·
D
11.1 Dimensional requirements for NPS 14 and smaller
butt-welding fittings are provided in ASME B16.9. where:
P = hydrostatic pressure,
11.2 Dimensional requirements for butt-welding fittings S = specific yield strength, min,
larger than NPS 14 through NPS 60 are provided in MSS-SP- t = nominal wall thickness, and
75. D = outside diameter.
11.3 Fittings of a size or shape differing from the standard in
11.1, but meeting all the other requirements of this 15. Rejection and Rehearing
specification, may be furnished in accordance with Supplemen- 15.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
tary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M. this specification may be rejected. Rejection shall be reported
11.4 Fittings that do not have a thickness or yield strength, to the producer or supplier promptly in writing. In case of
or both, that are equal to the mating pipe, are acceptable dissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the producer or
provided the welding end preparations comply with MSS-SP- supplier may make claim for a rehearing.
75, Figs. 3(a), (b), and (c) and the fitting welding-end thickness
is at least equal to the pipe wall thickness times the ratio of the 16. Certification
specified minimum yield strength of the pipe and the minimum 16.1 Test reports are required for all fittings covered by this
tested yield strength of the fitting. specification. Each test report shall meet the requirements for
certification in Specification A960/A960M as well as include
12. Surface Finish, Appearance, and Corrosion
the following information specific to this specification:
Protection
16.1.1 Chemical analysis results, Section 7 (Table 1), re-
12.1 The requirements of Specification A960/A960M apply ported results for base metal only shall be to the same number
except as modified as follows: The wall thickness at all points of significant figures as the limits specified in Table 1 for that
shall be at least 931⁄2 % of the specified nominal wall thickness, element,
and the diameters at all points shall be within the specified 16.1.2 Tensile property results, Section 9 (Table 2), report
limits. the yield strength and tensile strength in ksi [MPa], and
12.2 When the removal of a surface discontinuity reduces elongation in percent for the base metal only,
the wall thickness below 931⁄2 % of the specified nominal wall 16.1.3 Transverse-weld tensile results (if applicable), 9.4,
thickness at any point, the fitting shall be subject to rejection or 16.1.4 Impact test results, Section 8 (Table 2), report base
to repair as provided in Section 13. metal and weld metal, including specimen size, and test
temperature,
13. Repair by Welding (Base Metal) 16.1.5 Type heat treatment, (Section 6),
13.1 Repair welding by the manufacturer is permissible in 16.1.6 Radiographic examination results (5.6.3), and
accordance with Specification A960/A960M and the follow- 16.1.7 Any supplementary testing required by the purchase
ing: order.
13.1.1 The deposited weld metal shall conform to the
requirements of 7.5 and 7.6. Electrodes for the shielded 17. Product Marking
metal-arc process shall be of the low-hydrogen type. 17.1 In addition to marking requirements of Specification
13.1.2 After repair welding, sections thicker than 1 in. A960/A960M, the following additional marking requirements
[25 mm] also shall be radiographed in accordance with 5.6. shall apply:
13.1.3 All fittings repaired by welding shall be thermally 17.1.1 Quench and tempered fittings shall be marked with
treated after repair by either complete reheat treatment or the symbol QT, and cold-formed tees shall be marked as
post-weld heat treatment at least 50 °F [28 °C] below the prescribed in 5.8.
tempering temperature if tempering has been performed. 17.1.2 Fittings that have been repaired by welding shall be
13.1.4 Indications discovered by nondestructive examina- marked with the letter W following the designation number.
tion shall, after reheat treatment, be again examined by the 17.1.3 If the impact test temperature is other than −50 °F
same NDE method as used in the original determination. [−46 °C], it shall be marked on the fitting.
17.1.4 If extra yield strength or wall thickness is used in a
14. Hydrostatic Test compensatory manner as described in 11.4 of this specification,
14.1 Hydrostatic testing is not required by this specification. the fitting shall be marked with both the minimum wall
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4
 A860/A860M − 18
measured at the welding ends of the fitting and the actual yield Y = specified minimum yield strength.
and specified yield as illustrated in the following:
17.2 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 17.1,
Actual YS Diameter bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identification
Manufacturer Designation Specified YS method. The purchaser may specify in the order a specific bar
coding system to be used. The bar coding system, if applied at
MNFR AXXX
Z
16
the discretion of the supplier, should be consistent with one of
Y
the published industry standards for bar coding. If used on
Specified Actual Heat Heat small fittings, the bar code may be applied to the box or a
wall wall code treatment substantially applied tag.
0.95 0.98 QQR QT
18. Keywords
where:
18.1 high-strength low-alloy steel; pipe fittings; steel; pip-
Z = actual yield strength, and ing applications; pressure-containing parts
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SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A860/A860M – 14, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved May 1, 2018)

(1) Revised the wording of 1.1 to clarify the dimensional (2) Revised the largest NPS in 11.2 and eliminated the refer-
requirements. ence to 11.2 in 11.3.

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