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    6 Intro To Open Channel Flow

    Uploaded by

    Lee Castro
    For a trapezoidal channel: A = (b + zd)d/2 P = b + 2d√(1 + z2) T = b + 2d

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    6 Intro To Open Channel Flow

    Uploaded by

    Lee Castro
    86 views17 pages
    For a trapezoidal channel: A = (b + zd)d/2 P = b + 2d√(1 + z2) T = b + 2d

    Original Title

    6 Intro to Open Channel Flow

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    For a trapezoidal channel: A = (b + zd)d/2 P = b + 2d√(1 + z2) T = b + 2d

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views17 pages

    6 Intro To Open Channel Flow

    Uploaded by

    Lee Castro
    For a trapezoidal channel: A = (b + zd)d/2 P = b + 2d√(1 + z2) T = b + 2d

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    OPEN CHANNEL

    HYDRAULICS
    pipe flow vs. open channel
    HYDRAULICS
    BASIC EQUATIONS
    1. continuity equation
    2. energy equation
    3. momentum equation
    CONTINUITY EQUATON
     
    11  22
    m1  m2 
    t1 t2

    1Q1   2 Q2 Q1  Q2

    A1V1  A2V2
    ENERGY EQUATION

    E1  E2
    2 2
    p1 v p2 v
     z1  1
      z2  2

     2g  2g
    MOMENTUM EQUATION

     F  ma
    V
    FG  FP  F f    QV
    t
    FLOW CLASSIFICATION
    1. TIME AS THE CRITERION
    STEADY FLOW
    2. SPACE AS THE CRITERION
    UNIFORM FLOW
    3. BASED ON FLOW REGIMES
    INERTIAL FORCES
    VISCOUS FORCES
    GRAVITATIONAL FORCES
    REYNOLDS NO.

     LAMINAR FLOW
    VL  Re < 500
    Re  TURBULENT FLOW


     Re > 1,000
     TRANSITION FLOW
     500 < Re < 1,000
    FROUDE NO.
     CRITICAL FLOW
    V  Fr =1
    Fr   SUBCRITICAL FLOW
    gD  Fr <1
     SUPERCRITICAL FLOW
     Fr >1
    FLOW COMBINATION
     steady uniform flow
     steady non-uniform flow

     unsteady uniform flow

     unsteady non-uniform flow


    CHEZY’S EQUATION

    V  c RS
    Manning
    1/ 6
    R
    c
    n Kutter - Ganguillet
    Bazin 0.00155 1
    23  
    87 c S n
    c n  0.00155
    m 1 23  
    1 R S 
    R
    MANNING’S EQUATION

    V k 2 / 3 1/ 2
    R S
    n
    V = velocity of flow (m/s or ft/s)
    R = hydraulic radius (m or ft)
    k = conversion factor (1-metric, 1.486-english)
    n = roughness coefficient
    S = slope of energy grade line
    V  c RS
    TYPES OF CHANNEL

     origin-based  geometry-based
     natural  prismatic
     artificial  non-prismatic
    GEOMETRIC ELEMENTS
    T

    P A
    R
    P
    GEOMETRIC ELEMENTS
     depth of water (d)  hydraulic radius (R)
     R = A/P
     stage
     hydraulic depth (D)
     top width (T)
     D = A/T
     water area (A)

     wetted perimeter (P)

     side slope

    P R
    A
    P
    Sample Problem
     Establish the formulas of Area (A) ,
    Wetted Perimeter (P) and Top Width
    (T) for a trapezoidal channel with base
    b , depth d and size slope z.

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