WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Mathematics 8, Quarter 4 Week 8

FINDING THE PROBABILITY OF A SIMPLE EVENT

Name: __________________________________________ Section: ____________________

MELC: The learner finds the probability of a simple event. M8GE-IVh-1
Learning objectives

a. Applies fundamental counting principle in finding the number of

favorable and possible outcomes.

b. Recognizes the formula in finding the probability of a simple event

and the different probability rules.
c. Solves problems involving probability of a simple event.
d. Creates a model in solving real life situations related to simple
probability.
Time allotment: 4 days
Key concepts:
- Probability (pages 565, Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module)

- Probability is the chance that something will happen. Events cannot be

predicted with total certainty. We can say, “How likely they are to
happen.”

- Sometimes we can measure a probability with a number like "10% chance",

or we can use words such as impossible, unlikely, possible, even chance,
likely and certain. As a number, probability is from 0 (impossible) to 1
(certain).
Activity 1 RESPONSE ALL YOU CAN!

Relate each illustration below with your day to day activities. Fill in the blanks
with the correct words that would make the following sentences meaningful.

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
1. To God, nothing is ________________.
2. Don’t be afraid to take another _________________.
3. I’m ___________ that you can do better than what is expected of you.

4. Both men and women have ________________ chance to succeed in life.

5. Now is your _____________________ to change for the better.
Questions:
a. Are you familiar with those words?
b. What particular concept comes to your mind when you see the words in
the illustration?
c. What qualitative terms can be used to express probable occurrences of
events in life?
d. How else can the possible occurrence or likelihood of an event be
expressed?
e. Based on the illustration, how do you describe probability?

You just tried defining probability which is the possibility of occurrences of

events in a man’s life, which can be expressed as a fraction, a decimal or a percent.
As you move on to the next activity, your prior knowledge on the basic concepts of
probability and the fundamental counting principles will be elicited.

Activity 2 BUDGET REALLY MATTERS!

Use the illustration below to answer the following questions correctly.

1. How many shirts are there? _____

2. How many pairs of short pants are there? _____
3. How many pairs of long pants are there? _____
4. If you will attend a party, how many choices are possible? _____

5. If you are going to attend the mass with your family, how many possible
outfits could you choose from? How did you arrive at your answer? _____

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
Questions:

1. How else can you find the number of possible outcomes?

2. Suppose you want to wear all those shirts and pairs of pants during vacation,
how many combinations are possible?
3. Did you find difficulty in choosing which to wear? Why?
4. Aside from comfort, what do you consider when you choose an outfit?
Do the next activity to explore further on the basic concepts of probability and
the fundamental counting principles.

Activity 3 LET’S ROLL IT!

Analyze the problem carefully. Fill in the table correctly and answer the
questions that follow. You are holding a die. Your seatmate is holding another die. If
both of you roll the dice at the same time, how many outcomes are possible?

Questions:
1. If you roll a die once, how many outcomes are possible? _______
2. What are those outcomes? _______
3. How do we call those outcomes? _______
4. Rolling two dice simultaneously, how many outcomes are possible? _______
5. How did you find the answer? ________

Life has a lot of uncertainties. Oftentimes, our decisions in life are done under
conditions of uncertainty. These are the probabilities of life.

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
Activity 4: WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY?

Probabilities can be solved theoretically in which each event is assumed to be

equally likely. Look carefully at the given set then match column A with column B.
Your answers will help you understand the concept on the probability of an event.

Given: Set R = {1,2,3,4,5 ,6 ,7,8,9,10,11,12}

Column A Column B

1 4 1
The probability of having: a. d. or
12 12 3
_____ 1. a 10
2 1 6 1
_____ 2. a 13 b. or e. or
12 6 12 2
_____ 3. odd numbers
3 1 0
_____ 4. even numbers c. or f. or 0
12 4 12
_____ 5. an odd number divisible by 3
_____ 6. an even number divisible by 3

Probability of Events
The probability of an event, P (event), is a number from 0 to 1 which tells how
likely the event is to happen.
Take a closer look at the probability line below.

Probability Rules

1. The probability of any event is a number (either a fraction, a

decimal or a percent) from 0 to 1.
Example: The weather forecast shoes a 70% rain
P(rain) = 70%
2. If an event will never happen, then its probability is 0.

Example: When a single die is rolled, find the probability of getting an

8. Sincethe sample space consist of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, it is
impossible to get an 8.
0
Hence, P(8) = = 0.
6
3. If an event is sure to happen, then the probability is 1.
Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR
School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
 Example: When a single die is rolled, what is the probability of getting
a number less than 7?
Since all the outcomes {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} are less than 7,
6
P (less than 7) = =1
6
4. The sum of the probabilities of all thesoutcomes in the sample space
is 1.
Example:

In rolling a fair die, each outcome in the sample space has a

1
probability of .
6
Hence, the sum of the probabilities of the outcomes is 1.
1 1
If a fair coin is flipped, P(T) = and P(H) = .
2 2

If you flipped the coin ten times and got the following outcomes: H, H, H, T,
H, T, T, H, H, H, what is the probability that the last outcome will also be a Head(H)?
How did you arrive at your answer?
𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐟𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬
P(event) =
𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬
Examples:
1. What is the probability of getting a HEART from a deck of cards?

13 1
P (heart) = =
52 4
2. There are 25 marbles in a container: 4 are red, 5 are blue and 11 are
yellow. What is the probability that a blue marble will be picked?
5 1
P (blue marble) = =
20 4

Sometimes, getting an event affects the outcome of another event. Take a look
at these examples:

1. Five red candies are left in a bag of 40 different colored candies.

a. What is the probability that you will get a red candy?

How did you get your answer?

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
 b. What are your chances of getting a red one when you pick again?
Do you have the same answer? Why?
How many candies are now in the bag?
How many red candies are there?
Getting the next candy is affected by the result of the first attempt. Every
time you get a piece of candy from a bag, the chance of getting a red one
will change. These are called dependent events.

2. Flipping a Coin

a. When you flip a coin, what is the probability of heads

landing up?
b. If you flip it again, what is the probability of getting tails?

The two events do not affect each other. They are independent
events.

Activity 5: SEE MY PROB-ABILITY!

Solve the following carefully, then write the correct answer on the space
provided before each number.

_____ 1. Ear Darenz is asked to choose a day from a week. What is the
probability of choosing a day which starts with S?
_____ 2. Choosing a month from a year, what is the probability of selecting a
month with 31 days?
_____ 3. If a letter is chosen at random from the word PERSEVERANCE, what
is the probability that the letter chosen is E?
_____ 4. If one letter is chosen at random from the word TRUSTWORTHY,
what is the probability that the letter chosen is a consonant?
_____ 5. The sides of a cube are numbered 11 to 16. If Jan Renz rolled the
cube once, what is the probability of rolling a composite number?
_____ 6. A box contains 7 red balls, 5 orange balls, 4 yellow balls, 6 green balls and 3
blue balls. What is the probability of drawing out an orange ball?
_____7. Of the 45 students in a class, 25 are boys. If a student is selected at random for
a field trip, what is the probability of selecting a girl?
_____ 8. Two fair coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of showing tail
(T) first and head (H) next?
_____ 9. A spinner is divided equally and numbered as follows: 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 1, 1, 2, 4,
1,2, 3, 4, 1, 2. What is the probability that the pointer will stop at an even prime?
_____ 10. What is the probability of getting an 8 from a deck of 52 cards?

Activity 6: LET’S MAKE AN ACTIVITY TOGETHER

(Group Activity)

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
 Gather data on the number of typhoons that hit the country in the previous
year. Using the basic concepts of probability, come up with a report showing the
estimated chances of a typhoon hitting the country for each month.

The report should contain the following:

1. Representation of collected data.

2. Process of coming up with the estimated probabilities.
3. Explanation on what type of probabilities is generated in the task.

Rubric for the Written Group Report

4 3 2 1
Representation Is complete, Is complete Is complete Is incomplete
of Data and organized and but and
Explanation and clear organized disorganized disorganized
Process/ Has correct & Has correct Has Has no
Computation appropriate illustration or illustration or illustration
illustration or solution with solution but or solution
solution minor errorr has errors

Reflection:
In this module, you learned concepts which helped you accomplished the different tasks successfully. This
time, kindly answer this activity which would show how important this module is in your day – to - day activities by
completing the open-ended statement below.

I can use the basic concepts of probability and the fundamental counting
principles in my day to day activities by _____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

References:
Acelajado, Maxima J. ( 2008 ). Intermediate Algebra. pp.319 -326. Makati City,
Philippines. Diwa Learning Systems Inc.

Glencoe/McGRAW-HILL. (1986). Mathematics Skills for Daily Living. pp. 397 - 411.
United States of America. Laidlaw Brothers, Publishers.

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph
Price, Jack/ Rath, James N./ Leschensky, William.(1989). Pre- Algebra, A Problem
Solving Approach. pp. 420 – 430. Columbus, Ohio. Merrill Publishing Co.

WEBSITE LINKS

math_teachers_guide_11.pdf
Copyright 2011MathsIsFun.com
www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/probability.html
These sites provide the picture of the probability line and definitions of the basic
concepts.

http://intmath.com/counting-probability/2-basic-principles-counting.php
This site provides the picture for Activity 2, notes/tips on the basic counting
principles.

http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/probability
This site provides the definition of probability and other concepts.

Answer Key

Author: EDGARDO B. TRUJELIO Reviewers: 1. DR. ROLAND S. CAPALAR

School/Station: Mahay Integrtaed Secondary School 2. RARIUS F. PABIA
Division: Butuan City
Email address: edgardo.trujelio001@deped.gov.ph