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UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation Introduction To SIM: Learning Objectives

This document introduces simultaneous linear equations, expanding brackets, and factorizing expressions including linear and quadratic expressions. It provides learning objectives, key points, facts to remember, and defines terms related to simultaneous equations, expanding brackets, linear factorisation, and quadratic factorisation.

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Charlotte B
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© © All Rights Reserved
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37 views

UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation Introduction To SIM: Learning Objectives

This document introduces simultaneous linear equations, expanding brackets, and factorizing expressions including linear and quadratic expressions. It provides learning objectives, key points, facts to remember, and defines terms related to simultaneous equations, expanding brackets, linear factorisation, and quadratic factorisation.

Uploaded by

Charlotte B
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation: Introduction to SIM

UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation Introduction to SIM

Learning objectives
This unit continues the algebraic concepts theme of the previous two units. After completing this unit
of STUDENT INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL (SIM) you should be able to
• solve simultaneous equations
• fully expand brackets
• factorise expressions by taking out single terms and linear terms
• factorise quadratic expressions into two linear terms.

Key points and principles


• Simultaneous linear equations are of the form

ax + by = c
dx + ey = f
when a, b, c, d, e and f are constants.

• Simultaneous linear equations normally have unique solutions, but not when one equation is the
multiple of another. For example, when
x + y =1
2x + 2y = 2
there is no unique solution. Also when there are two inconsistent equations, for example,
x + y =1
x+y=3
there are NO solutions.

• Having obtained solutions for x and y for simultaneous linear equations, you should then always
check this solution for x and y in the original equations.

• When expanding brackets, ensure that all terms are considered. For example,
2 x ( x + 3) = 2 x × x + 2 x × 3
= 2x2 + 6x

• When taking out simple factors from an equation, ensure that you take out all possible factors.

For example, 2x2 + 6x (


= 2 x 2 + 3x ) (taking out the constant term 2)

= 2 x ( x + 3) (taking out the factor x)

• For quadratic factorisation of x 2 + ax + b , if factors of the form ( x + c) ( x − d ) exist, then


a = c + d , b = cd

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 1


MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation: Introduction to SIM

UNIT 23 Algebraic Manipulation Introduction to SIM

Facts to remember
• (a + b) (a − b) = a2 − b2

• ( a + b )2 = a 2 + 2 ab + b 2

• ( a − b )2 = a 2 − 2 ab + b 2

• If x 2 + ab + b = ( x + c) ( x + d ) , then

a = c + b and b = cd

Glossary of Terms
Simultaneous linear equations These are of the form
ax + by = c
dx + ey = f
when a, b, c, d, e and f are constants.

Expanding brackets Expressions such as a ( x + b) are expanded out.


For example,
2 ( x + 3) = 2 x + 6

x (4 − x ) = 4 x − x 2

2 x (1 + 3 x ) = 2 x + 6 x 2

a ( x + b) = ax + ab

Linear factorisation Single factors are taken out of an expression.


For example,
3 x + 9 = 3 ( x + 3)

4 x 2 + x = x ( 4 x + 1)

5 x 2 + 10 x = 5 x ( x + 2)

Quadratic factorisation Quadratic expressions are factorised into linear factors.


For example,
x 2 + 5 x + 6 = ( x + 3) ( x + 2)

x 2 − 4 = ( x + 2) ( x − 2)

(2 x − 1) ( x + 2) = 2 x 2 + 3x − 2

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 2

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