UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMAICA

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT (MAN1006)

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (MAN1001)

UNIT 11 - LEADERSHIP

Tutorial Worksheet

TRUE or FALSE

1. ________ Leadership is the ability to influence people toward the attainment of their
personal goals.

2. ________ Employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment are influenced

by their compensation and job description but immune to the attitudes
and behaviours of leaders.

3. ________ Leaders tend to behave in a similar fashion as it relates to their followers’

needs and the organizational situation.

4. ________ Manager and leader qualities are one and the same.

5. ________ There are two fundamental behavioural approaches to leadership: task or

production-oriented and people or relationship oriented.

6. ________ Under Michigan Studies, leaders were classified as either employee-

centered or job-centered.

7. ________ Leadership types are transactional, charismatic and transformational.

8. ________ The traditional manager’s power comes from within – based on

personality and job title.

9. ________ Position power are classified as legitimate, reward and coercive , while
personal are expert or referent.

10. ________ Mechanistic power is one of the five sources of power.

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CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING Using Leader Quality “L” or Manager Quality “M”

14. Visionary _______________ 19. Flexible ________________

15. Analytical ______________ 20. Tough-minded ___________

16. Experimental _______________ 21. Persistent _______________

17. Rational ______________ 22. Consulting ______________

18. Inspiring _______________ 23. Personal power ____________

FILL IN THE BLANKS USING WORDS FROM THE LIST BELOW

Management leadership people influence goals traits

Ohio State Studies consideration initiating structure Michigan Studies
Employee-centered leaders job-centered leaders country club management
Authority-compliance management team management University of Texas
impoverished management middle-of-the-road management
high consideration:high initiating structure

24. Distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader, such as intelligence, values, self-

confidence and appearance _______________________

25. Under the Ohio State Studies, falls in the category of people-oriented behavior
_______________________

26. Among all the ideas and writings about leadership, these three aspects stand out:

a._________________ b.__________________ c. ___________________

27. Promotes stability, order and problem-solving within the existing organizational structure
and systems. _______________________

28. In the University of Texas Leadership Grid (9,9), is considered the most effective style and
is recommended for managers because organization members work together to
accomplish tasks. ______________________________

29. Under the Ohio State Studies, refers to the degree of task behavior: the degree to which
the leader is task-oriented and directs subordinate work activities toward goal
attainment. _______________________________

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30. These studies took and compared the behavior of effective and ineffective supervisors.
They found the most effective supervisors focused on the subordinate’s human needs in
order to build effective work groups with high performance goals.___________________

31. This institution developed a two-dimensional leadership theory called the “leadership
grid”, where the y-axis showed “concern for people” while the x-axis showed “concern
for production” ___________________________________

32. This position in the leadership grid (1,1), means the absence of a management
philosophy; managers exert little effort toward interpersonal relationships or work
accomplishment. ________________________________

33. Promotes vision, creativity and change. _________________________

34. Michigan researchers used this term for leaders who established high performance goals
and displayed supportive behavior toward subordinates. ________________

35. This management style, under the Ohio State studies, proved to achieve better
performance and greater satisfaction than the others. ___________________________

36. In the Leadership Grid (9,1), occurs when efficiency in operations is the dominant
orientation. ________________________________

37. Under Michigan studies, less effective leaders were called this, when they tended to be
less concerned with goal achievement and human needs in favour of meeting schedules,
keeping costs low and achieving production efficiency. ___________________________

38. In the University of Texas Leadership Grid, (5,5), this reflects a moderate amount of
concern for both people and production. ____________________________

40. These researchers surveyed leaders to study hundreds of dimensions of leader behavior.
They later purported that consideration ahd initiating structure were independent of
each other, which means that a leader with a high degree of consideration may be either
high or low on initiating structure, and vice versa. __________________________

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 MULTIPLE CHOICE

41. According to the most recent research on the leader behaviors of consideration and
initiating structure, which of the following combinations is best?

a. High consideration and high initiating structure

b. High consideration and low initiating structure
c. Low consideration and high initiating structure
d. Low consideration and low initiating structure
e. None of the above; no one style is best.

42. Task structure refers to the following:

i. Extent of group task definition
ii. Group atmosphere
iii. Specific procedures
iv. Clear, explicit goals
v. Member’s acceptance and attitude toward leader

a. i, ii, iii
b. ii,iii, iv
c. i, iii, iv
d. i, ii, v
e. I, iii, v

43. Leader-member relations refer to :

i. extent of group task definition
ii. group atmosphere
iii. Specific procedures
iv. member’s acceptance and attitude toward leader
v. clear, explicit goals

a. i, iii
b. ii, iv
c. iv, v
d. i, ii,
e. iii, iv

44. Recently, Collie Care was attempting to hire a middle manager. They were looking for an
intelligent, active, and creative individual. Which approach to leadership was Collie
using?

a. The contingency approach

b. The situational approach
c. The trait approach
d. The behavioral approach
e. The substitute approach

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45. Which Management style reflects a moderate amount of concern for both people and
production?

a. Team Management
b. Country Club Management
c. Middle of the Road Management
d. Impoverished Management
e. Authority-Compliance

CIRCLE THE CORRECT OPTION:

50. Power/Influence is the effect a person’s actions have on the attitudes, values, beliefs or
behavior of others, while power/influence is the potential ability to influence others’
behavior.

MATCH THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS TO DESCRIPTIONS IN THE LIST BELOW, AND FOR
EACH, CLASSIFY AS EITHER “POSITION” OR “PERSONAL” TYPE

Types of Power: Legitimate Reward Coercive Expert Referent

Definition Description Type of Power

51.
Power that results from the authority to bestow
rewards on other people

52. Power resulting from a leader’s special knowledge or

regarding the tasks performed by subordinates

53. Power that stems from the authority to punish or

recommend punishment
54. Power coming from a formal position in an
organization and the authority granted to it
55. Power that comes from a leader’s personal
characteristics that command followers’
identification, respect and admiration so
they wish to emulate the leader

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 Discussion Questions
1. Do you think leadership style is fixed and unchangeable for a leader or flexible and adaptive? Discuss

2. Suggest some personal traits that you believe would be useful to a business leader today. Are these
traits more valuable in some situations than in others?

3. Suggest the sources of power that would be available to a leader of a student government organization.
To be effective, should student leaders keep power to themselves or delegate power to other students?

4. Distinguish between the two leadership behavioural approaches. Compare the three behavioural
leadership theories and for each, identify the components that are most effective for leaders.

5. Do you think leadership is more important or less important in today’s flatter, team-based
organizations? Explain.