Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

IOT Assignment – 2
Q1) Write short note on xively.
Ans) Xively is a framework for conveying IoT applications on the cloud. It is offered as PaaS
(Platform as a Service) that exposes its services via RESTful APIs. Xively is basically a data
collection, management, and distribution infrastructure. It likewise gives APIs to interface
and create IoT applications.
Xively goes under the class of Associated Item The board (CPM) stage. Xively additionally
gives devices to display your associated business. This capacity is exceptionally gainful to
construct any IoT based item. Other than that Xively gives the executives just as operational
devices. Xively can be associated with a large portion of the IoT systems and
microcontrollers in the market to make a 'brilliant' task or item. Xively Python Libraries can
likewise be utilized to insert python code according to the Xively APIs. A Xively Web
interface is given to be utilized to simple execution of front end interface. Xively likewise
accompanies various language and stage support. We can carry out HTTP conventions, APIs,
MQTT. This makes the gadget availability significantly simpler with Xively cloud.

Xively simplifies the development of connected product systems, providing messaging and
data logging services, and a C client library for devices, simplifying system development. The
library provides messaging, security, and scalability for resource-constrained device
environments. Xively’s management services enable provisioning and management of
devices, device configuration, device firmware, users, groups, and passwords, removing this
engineering burden from system developers. Xively provides numerous SDKs, enabling
developers to build web apps and systems that interact with mobile devices. Xively enables
third-party application integration, and includes extensive Salesforce integration, enabling
business automation such as Salesforce Service Cloud users seeing real-time connected
device information and status inside their Salesforce application. Using Xively, developers
can focus on providing value to the business with connected products.
Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

Reference:-
https://lmistatic.blob.core.windows.net/document-library/xively/pdf/esg-lab-validation-
xively_2.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/jsoldat/05-internetofthingsio-tcloudcomputing
https://www.it4nextgen.com/xively-building-iot-applications/

Q2) Write short note on AWS.

Ans) Amazon Web Services(AWS) is a cloud service from Amazon, which provides services in
the form of building blocks, these building blocks can be used to create and deploy any type
of application in the cloud.These services or building blocks are designed to work with each
other, and result in applications that are sophisticated and highly scalable.
AWS IoT Core-
AWS IoT Core is a managed cloud service that lets connected devices easily and securely
interact with cloud applications and other devices. AWS IoT Core can support billions of
devices and trillions of messages, and can process and route those messages to AWS
endpoints and to other devices reliably and securely. With AWS IoT Core, your applications
can keep track of and communicate with all your devices, all the time, even when they
aren’t connected. AWS IoT Core makes it easy to use AWS services like AWS Lambda,
Amazon Kinesis, Amazon S3, Amazon SageMaker, Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon
CloudWatch, AWS CloudTrail, and Amazon QuickSight to build Internet of Things (IoT)
applications that gather, process, analyze and act on data generated by connected devices,
without having to manage any infrastructure. AWS IoT Core enables you to connect devices
to AWS Services and other devices, secure data and interactions, process and act upon
device data, enables applications to interact with devices even when they are offline and
that allows you to produce low-cost Alexa built-in devices. The AWS IoT Device SDK helps
you easily and quickly connect your hardware device or your mobile application to AWS IoT
Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

Core. The AWS IoT Device SDK enables your devices to connect, authenticate, and exchange
messages with AWS IoT Core using the MQTT, HTTP, or WebSockets protocols. The AWS IoT
Device SDK supports C, JavaScript, and Arduino, and includes the client libraries, the
developer guide, and the porting guide for manufacturers. You can also use an open source
alternative or write your own SDK.

Each type of service in this “What is AWS” blog, is categorized under a domain, the few
domains which are widely used are:
Compute Services:
The Compute domain includes services related to compute workloads, it includes the
following services:
● EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
● Lambda
● Elastic Beanstalk
● Amazon LightSail
Storage Services:
The Storage domain includes services related data storage, it includes the following services:
● S3 (Simple Storage Service)
● Elastic Block Store
● Amazon Glacier
● AWS Snowball
Database Services:
The Database domain is used for database related workloads, it includes the following
services:
● Amazon Aurora
● Amazon RDS
● Amazon DynamoDB
Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

● Amazon RedShift
Migration Services:
The Migration domain is used for transferring data to or from the AWS Infrastructure, it
includes the following services:
● AWS Database Migration Service
● AWS SnowBall
Networking and Content Delivery Services:
The Networking and Content Delivery domain is used for isolating your network
infrastructure, and content delivery is used for faster delivery of content. It includes the
following services:
● Amazon Route 53
● AWS CloudFront
Management Tools:
The Management Tools domain consists of services which are used to manage other
services in AWS, it includes the following services:
● AWS CloudWatch
● AWS CloudFomation
● AWS CloudTrail
Security & Identity, Compliance Services:
The Security & Identity, Compliance domain consist of services which are used to manage to
authenticate and provide security to your AWS resources. It consists of the following
services:
● AWS IAM
● AWS KMS
● AWS Shield
Messaging Services:
The Messaging domain consists of services which are used for queuing, notifying or emailing
messages. It consists of the following domains:
● Amazon SQS
● Amazon SNS
● Amazon SES
● Amazon Pinpoint

Reference:-

https://www.edureka.co/blog/what-is-aws/
https://cloudacademy.com/blog/aws-iot-internet-of-things/
https://aws.amazon.com/iot-core/features/

Q3) Explain in brief the various processes involved in data handling in IoT.
Ans) The volume and pace at which data is produced nowadays is unbelievable. According
to McKinsey 90% of all data in the world today has been produced just in the past two years.
Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

In order to make sense of the massive amount of data our IoT sensors collect, we need to process
it. Wikipedia explains data processing as “the collection and manipulation of items of data to
produce meaningful information.” In other words, the purpose of data processing is to convert raw
data to something useful. Something the end user can react to. We should also take notice of the
difference between data and information. Data refers to raw, unorganized facts, and it usually is
fairly useless until it is processed. Once the data is processed, it is called information. Data is the
input, or raw material, of data processing. The output of data processing is information. The output
can be presented in different forms, such as plain text files, charts, spreadsheets, or images.

Data processing cycle-

So how does data processing work? The process usually follows a cycle which consists of three basic
stages: input, processing, and output. To keep this article simple, we are not going to dive deep into
the technical details of the stages of data processing. Instead, we’ll provide you with a very general
and simple explanation of each stage.

Input-

Input is the first stage of the data processing cycle. It is a stage in which the collected data is
converted into a machine-readable form so that a computer can process it. This is a very important
stage since the data processing output is completely dependent on the input data (“garbage in –
garbage out”).

Processing-

In the processing stage, a computer transforms the raw data into information. The transformation is
carried out by using different data manipulation techniques, such as:

● Classification: Data is classified into different groups.

● Sorting: Data is arranged in some kind of an order (e.g. alphabetical).
● Calculation: Arithmetic and logical operations are performed on numeric data.
Output-

In the last stage, output is received. This is the stage where the processed data is converted into
human-readable form and presented to the end user as useful information. Also, the output of data
processing can be stored for future us

Desired output-

Even though the data processing cycle starts with the input stage, we should first think about the
desired output. In other words, what are the questions that should be answered with the help of
IoT? What kind of information are we interested in? One example use case is to receive an alert
whenever a manufacturing machine’s temperature exceeds a threshold limit.

Storing of data-
Name:- Raj Ashwin Malde SAP I’D :- 60001170044

Once we are clear on what the desired output is, we have to find a way to obtain it. The data
collected by the sensor devices has to be stored in a proper form so that it can be transformed into
the information we are looking for.

As an example, we could receive data periodically (e.g. every 10 minutes) when a machine is
running. We might want to use that data to calculate how many hours the machine has been
running since the last maintenance. We could also detect trends among that data, and create
estimations about when a specific amount of hours will be reached if the usage will continue on the
same level.

Frequency of updates-

Before implementing data processing it is important to decide what is a good balance between the
frequency of updates and the consumption of resources (e.g. calculation capacity, power). The
“good balance” depends entirely on the IoT use case.

In some use cases it is essential to know right away how the collected data affects the output. This
however requires real-time data processing which can be very resource-consuming. In some other
use cases it is enough to process the collected data, for example, once a day.

Data processing tools-

Lastly, there are multiple data processing tools to choose from. For example, there are many
software solutions available for different IoT use cases. One example is Trackinno cloud service,
which is designed for asset and maintenance management purposes. These software are able to
process data and present the information to the end user in an easily understandable form.

Alternatively, we could use an IoT platform to build our own data storage. The data storage can then
be used to create customized reports. We could also hire an analyst, who would create the reports
for us.

Reference :-
https://trackinno.com/2018/07/06/how-iot-works-part-3-data-processing/