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This document provides a historical overview of the development of social welfare systems in Europe, the United States, Philippines, and the development of social work as a profession in the Philippines. It outlines the establishment of early poorhouses and laws governing poverty relief in Europe from the 11th-19th centuries. It then discusses the influence of poor laws and Protestant work ethic on early American colonies and outlines some "firsts" in American social institutions from the 1700s-1800s. Finally, it provides a timeline of the evolution of social welfare systems and social work professionalization in the Philippines from the pre-colonial, Spanish colonial, American colonial, and Commonwealth periods.

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133 views

18

This document provides a historical overview of the development of social welfare systems in Europe, the United States, Philippines, and the development of social work as a profession in the Philippines. It outlines the establishment of early poorhouses and laws governing poverty relief in Europe from the 11th-19th centuries. It then discusses the influence of poor laws and Protestant work ethic on early American colonies and outlines some "firsts" in American social institutions from the 1700s-1800s. Finally, it provides a timeline of the evolution of social welfare systems and social work professionalization in the Philippines from the pre-colonial, Spanish colonial, American colonial, and Commonwealth periods.

Uploaded by

gheljosh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EUROPE

1084 – almshouses for the poor and handicapped are established in England
1300 – bubonic plague kills nearly 1/3 of European population, labor shortages
forced the state to intervene
1384 – the Statute of Laborers is issued in England, requiring people to remain
in
their home manors for whatever lord want to pay
1600 – Poor Law Principles introduced to New World by Plymouth colonist
1650 – the influence of Luther, Calvin and others has been established and
manifested as the Protestant Ethic, a philosophy that becomes
influential in England, part of Europe, and American colonies
1662 – the Law of Settlement and Removal is established in England as one of
the world’s first “residency requirements” in determining eligibility to
receive help
1697 – the workhouse system is developed in Bristol and soon spreads
throughout England and parts of Europe
1782 – the Gilbert Act was passed in England, enabling humanitarian, appalled
by the exploitation of workhouse residence to institute reforms in many
English jurisdictions
1795 – Speenhamland system established earliest “poverty line”
based on the price of bread and number of dependents in a
worker’s family, subsidization provided when wages dipped
below the poverty line
1800 – Reforms to the Elizabeth Poor Law Charity Organization
Societies from in England with emphasis on detailed
investigations
1819 – Scottish preacher and mathematician Thomas Chalmers
assumes responsibility from Glasgow Poor
1833 – Antoine Ozanam established the St. Vincent de Paul Society
in Paris, using lay volunteers to provide emergency
economic and spiritual assistance to the poor
1844 – T he first Y W C A was established in England
1883 – Chancellor Bismarck of a newly united Germany introduced
in first National Health Insurance System
U N I T E D STATES
1700s - Early social welfare programs were heavily influence by the Puritan Ethic that
argued the only those people with moral defect could fail

The colonies adopted the Elizabeth Poor Law, with “legal settlement” or residence
qualifications. Poor relief was given in the form of “outdoor relief” in kind (food, clothes,
fuel) or by “selling out” the pauper to the lowest bidder.

The following state auspices were among the important “firsts”:

The first institution for the mentally ill: Eastern State Hospital at Williamsburg,Virginia,
founded in 1773

Dr. Benjamin Rush – who publicly exposed, through documentations the sufferings of
mentally disturbed patients, resulting in the construction of 32 hospitals.

1970 – the first penal institution: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania


1817 – the first asylum for the deaf: Hartford, Connecticut
1821 – the first asylum for the blind: Boston, Massachusetts
1848 – the first state school for the feebleminded: Boston, Massachusetts
1879 – the first prison for women: Sherborn, Massachusetts
1877 – the first Charity Organization Society in Buffalo, New York – intended to
avoid waste of funds, competition, and duplication of work among the
relief agencies through a board composed of these agencies. The
COS required the social investigation of every relief applicant by a
“friendly visitor” – inspired by the Toynbee Hall in London, the first
settlement house in US was founded by The Neighborhood Guild of
New York City
1889 – the famous Hull House in Chicago, founded by Jane Addams and Ellen
Gates Starr was built
1897 – Mary Richmond formulated the plan for the establishment of a Training
School for Applied Philanthropy, which led to the organization of the
first social work courses in New York in 1898.
1913 – the establishment of a Community Chest – for the purpose of collecting
private contributions and donations for their fair distribution to social
agencies
20th century – trend towards federal responsibility, President Theodore
Roosevelt advocated the child welfare
1909 – Conference on the Care Dependent Children
1912 – Children's Bureau by Congress
1920 – Child Welfare League of America
1930s - was marked with economic depression, WWII President
Franklin Roosevelt advocate federal responsibility for
human welfare
1933 – 1935– FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Act)
1935 – 1943– Works Projects Administration
1933 – 1942 – Civil Conservation Corps (CCC)
1935 – 1942 – National Youth Administration
1935 - Apermanent organization of the country’s welfare
system, today a fundamental federal law, Social Security
Act (Franklin Roosevelt)
PHILIPPINES
A. PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD – Social Welfare centered on economic
survival and mutual support.

B. SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD


 Poverty emerged. Helping the poor and destitute began as an
initiative of the Catholic Church, organizations, and individuals,
especially among the rich, motivated by the Catholic teachings,
e.g. doing good to others to ensure one’s eternal salvation
(religious charity).
 Hospitals, asylums, orphanages were set up e.g. 1
st Hospital in
the Philippines were set up by Don Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in
Cebu in 1565. It was later transferred to Manila in 1571 (Hospital
de Sta. Ana). San Lazaro Hospital and San Juan de Dios Hospital
are said to trace their origin to this hospital.
C. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
 Feb. 15, 1915 – creation by the government of the Public
Welfare Board with the enactment of Legislative Act. No.
2510. The Board was to coordinate the welfare activities of
all charitable organizations.
 The administration of Gov. Gen. Frank Murphy that begun
in 1933 marked the start of government’s assumption of full
responsibility for the relief of the distressed, regardless of
cause.
 Josefa Jara Martinez worked for the Public Welfare Board
and introduces the scientific approach in social work. She
had previously obtained a diploma in social work from the
New York School of Social Work in 1921.
 Dr. Jose Fabella: Director of the Office of the Public Welfare
Commission in the 1930s; Father of Social Welfare.
D.THE COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
The period marked the laws, etc. Relief Boards were
also created to respond to natural calamities, economic
crisis, unemployment.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL W O R K
PROFESSION IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Associated Charities (1917) – mother of the Social Work
profession in the Philippines. A family welfare agency pattern
with COS which employed “home visitors”.
• 1947 – seven or eight social workers who studied in US formed
Philippine Association of Social Workers to nurture the
development of Social Work profession.
• 1950 – establishment of a one-year degree program called Master in
Arts in Social Administration at the Philippine Women’s
University.
• 1961 – a big boost to the professionalization of social work thru the
launching of the UNICEF-Assisted Social Services Project of
the SWA.
• June 19, 1965 – enactment of RA 4373.
PHILIPPINE A S S O C I A T I O N OF SO CI A L
WORKERS (PASWI)

• Is the national organization for professional social


workers in the country.
• Founded on November 12, 1947 and was
incorporated on April 18, 1948. On October 18,
1988, it was re- incorporated with the SEC.
• It has various objectives accomplished though
committee work and its members.
• The Association is financed through membership fees,
donations, sale of publications, and fund campaigns.
ADMINISTRATIVE F U N C T I O N S
1. Policy formulation – developing guidelines
2. Planning and Programming – setting goals andobjectives
and the means of achieving them
3. Organization – defines work units and their relationship
4. Staffing – acquiring, developing and maintaining a
competent workforce
5. Directing – making decisions and instructing those
6. Controlling – constraining, coordinating and regulating
actions
7. Coordinating – interrelating various parts and work as a
whole
ADMINISTRATIVE F U N C T I O N S
8. Communication – transmit ideas
9. Budgeting – developing agency plan of action in
monetary terms
10. Recording and Reporting – making a written
account and communicating it to
pertinent others
11.Public relations – mutual understanding between institution
and its public
12.Evaluation and research – assessment of the effectiveness of
programs
13.Supervision – overseeing the work of another

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