1.

which of the following image processing techniques is fast, precise and flexible:
a) Electronic
b) Digital
c) Optical
d) Photographic
Answer: b

2. Let us consider, an image be a function of a (x, y), where a represents:

a) Amplitude of image
b) Height of image
c) Width of image
d) Resolution of image
Answer: a

3. Define pixel:
a) It is the elements of a digital image
b) It is the elements of an analog image
c) It is the cluster of a digital image
d) It is the cluster of an analog image
Answer: a

4. The range of values, which has spanned by the gray scale is known as:
a) Resonance Range
b) Band Range
c) Peak Range
d) Dynamic Range
Answer: d

5. The number of grey values are integer powers of:

a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
Answer: b

6. Which is the first and foremost step in Image Processing?

a) Image restoration
b) Image enhancement
c) Image acquisition
d) Image Segmentation
Answer: c

7 What is the typical size comparable in quality to monochromatic TV image is of size:

a) 256 X 256
b) 512 X 512
c) 1080 X 1080
d) 1920 X 1920
Answer: b
8. Identify the next step in image processing after compression:
a) Acquisition
b) Segmentation
C) Enhancement
d) Morphological Processing
Answer: d

9. Identify the correct step being performed before color image processing in image processing:
a) Wavelets
b) Image Enhancement
c) Image Restoration
d) Image Segmentation
Answer: c

10. Total number of steps involved in image processing:

a) 10
b) 8
c) 12
d) 9
Answer: a

11. What is the function of segmentation unit in image processing:

a) Extracting attributes
b) Reduced the storage required saving an image
c) Images are subdivided successively into smaller regions
d) Partitioning an image into its constituent parts or objects
Answer: d

12. Process of assigning meaning to a recognized object is known as:

a) Interpretation
b) Recognition
c) Morphing
d) Segmentation
Answer: a

13. The resolution of 1024 X 1024 image is:

a) 2569699
b) 5122876
c) 1048576
d) 1920356
Answer: c

14. If L = 2K and total number of levels in an image is 8, what should be the value of K:
a) 4
b) 3
c) 8
d) 6
Answer: b
15. Digital images are displayed as a discrete set of:
a) Intensities
b) Resolution
c) Frequencies
d) Values
Answer: a

16. In an image of size M x N, what is M: set of:

a) Number of Columns
b) Number of Rows
c) Number of Colors
d) Intensity Levels
Answer: b

17. DPI stands for:

a) Dots per Image
b) Dots per Inch
c) Dots per Intensity
d) None of above
Answer: b

18. Number of bits required to encode the pixel value is known as:
a) Pixel
b) Bit Depth
c) Resolution
d) None of above
Answer: b

19. Number of bits required to store an image can be calculated by:

a) MXN
b) M x K
c) M x N x L
d) M x N x K
Answer: d

20. Which is a colour attribute that describes a pure colour?

a) Saturation
b) Hue
c) Brightness
d) Intensity
Answer: b

21. MRI in imaging stands for:

a) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
b) Magnetic Resistance Imaging
c) Magnetic Resonance Intensity
d) None of above
Answer: a
22. Image sensor produces:
a) Discrete Signal
b) Voltage Waveform
c) Current Waveform
d) Video Waveform
Answer: b

23. Black and White pixels of an image are represented in an matrix as:
a) 1 and o
b) 1 and -1
c) 1 and 2
d) O and 1
Answer: d

24. Computer generated images are known as:

a) True Color Image
b) Synthetic Image
c) Vector Image
d) Range Image
Answer: b

25. Intensity levels in 8-bit image are:

a) 254
b) 265
c) 256
d) 255
Answer: c

26. Digitizing an image required:

a) Sampling
b) Quantization
c) Sampling and Quantization
d) Modulation and Demodulation
Answer: c

27. For a continuous image f(x, y), sampling is

defined as:
a) Digitizing the coordinate values
b) Digitizing the amplitude values
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a

28. For a continuous image f(x, y), quantization is defined as:

a) Digitizing the coordinate values
b) Digitizing the amplitude values
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
29. The quality of a digital image is well
determined by :
a) The number of samples
b) The discrete gray levels
c) Both a and be
d) None of above
Answer: c

30. If image f(x, y) is sampled so that the result has M rows and N columns. The values of the
coordinates at the origin are (x, y) = (0, 0), then the notation (0, 1) signify:
a) Second sample along first row
b) First sample along second row
c) First sample along first row
d) Second sample along second row
Answer: a

31. In digital image of M rows and N columns and L discrete gray levels, calculate the bits required to
store a digitized image for M=N=32 and L=16:
a) 16384
16) 4096
c) 4026
d) 6096
Answer: b

32. Which gives a measure of the degree to which a pure colour is diluted by white light?
a) Saturation
b) Hue
c) Intensity
d) Brightness
Answer: a

33. Pick that step which deals with tools for extracting image components, those are useful in the
representation and description of shape:
a) Segmentation
b) Representation & Description
c) Enhancement
d) Morphological Processing
Answer: d

34. In image processing, which step is responsible for assigning a label to an object based on its
descriptors:
a) Object Recognition
b) Morphological Processing
c) Segmentation
d) Representation & Description
Answer: a
35. Number of rows in digital image is known as:
a) Vertical Resolution
b) Horizontal Resolution
c) Spatial Coordinates
d) None of above
Answer: a

36. Type of image where colors are added artificially: as:

a) True Color Image
6) Pseudo Color Image
c) Range Images
d) Multispectral Images
Answer: b

37. How many bits are required in True Color Image to represent all colors:
a) 8-bit
b) 16-bit
c) 24-bit
d) 32-bit
Answer: c

38. What is the storage requirement of 1024 x 1024 binary image:

a) 1048576 bits
b) 1085576 bits
c) 1448599 bits
d) 1548987 bits
Answer: a

1. Commonly used single sensor for Image

Acquisition is:
a) Microdensitometer
b) Photodiode
c) CMOS
d) None of the Mentioned
Answer: b

3. The difference between the highest intensity and lowest intensity levels in an image is known as:
a) Saturation
b) Contrast
c) Brightness
d) Noise
Answer: b

4. The smallest discernible change in intensity level is known as:

a) Intensity Resolution
b) Brightness
c) Saturation
d) Contrast
Answer: a
5. Dynamic range of imaging system is a ratio where the upper limit is determined by:
a) Brightness
b) Noise
c) Saturation
d) Contrast
Answer: c

6. Dynamic range of imaging system is a ratio where the lower limit is determined by:
a) Brightness
b) Noise
c) Saturation
d) Contrast
Answer: b

7. CAT in imaging stands for:

a) Computerized Axial Telegraphy
b) Computer Aided Telegraphy
c) Computer Aided Tomography
d) Computerized Axial Tomography
Answer: d

8. The section of the real plane spanned by the coordinates of an image is known as:
a) Spatial Domain
b) Coordinate Axes
c) Frequency Domain
d) None of the above
Answer: a

9. The process of using known data to estimate values at unknown locations is known as:
a) Interpolation
b) Acquisition
c) Pixelization
d) Sampling
Answer: a

10. Name the process used on a digital image to alter the values of its individual pixels is:
a) Neighbourhood Operations
b) Image Registration
c) Spatial Transformation
d) Single Pixel Operation
Answer: d

11. Which of the following has the maximum frequency:

a) UV Rays
b) Microwaves
c) Radio Waves
d) Gamma Rays
Answer: d
12. Which color has the maximum wavelength in the Visible spectrum:
a) Blue
b) Red
c) Yellow
d) Violet
Answer: b

13. Electromagnetic waves can be visualized as:

a) Cosine wave
b) Sine wave
c) Tangential wave
d) Any one of above type
Answer: b

14. Wavelength (n) and frequency (f) are related with speed of light (c) as:
a) c= wavelength / frequency
b) frequency = wavelength /
c) wavelength = c * frequency
d) c = wavelength * frequency
Answer: d

15. What is the unit of radiance?

a) Lumens
b) Watts
c) Hertz
d) Armstrong
Answer: b

16. Which of the following is impractical to measure?

a) Contrast
b) Radiance
c) Luminance
d) Brightness
Answer: d

17. What do you understand by achromatic light?

a) Monochromatic light
b) Chromatic light
c) Infrared light
d) Invisible light
Answer: a

18. In which manner, array operation can be carried out involving one or more images:
a) pixel by pixel
b) column by column
c) row by row
d) array by array
Answer: a
19. Which type of tools are used in performing tasks like zooming, shrinking, rotating images:
a) Sampling
b) Interpolation
c) Filters
d) Quantization
Answer: b

20. The type of Interpolation where for each new location the intensity of the immediate pixel is
assigned:
a) Cubic interpolation
b) Bilinear interpolation
c) Nearest neighbor interpolation
d) Bi-cubic interpolation
Answer: c

21. The ratio of the brightest and the darkest region pixel value is known as:
a) Dynamic Range
b) Focal Length
c) Contrast Ratio
d) None of above
Answer: a

22. The difference in brightness perception between foreground and background objects is known
as:
a) Brightness
b) Contrast
c) Digitization
d) Illumination
Answer: b

23. Amount of light falling on the retina is:

a) Aperture
b) Illuminance
c) Hue
d) Brightness
Answer: d

24. Type of systems where data processing or reconstruction is required before the image is
reproduced:
a) Direct Imaging System
b) Indirect Imaging System
c) Active Imaging System
d) None of above
Answer: b
25. Name the ratio which defines size of the image to the size of object:
a) Contrast Ratio
b) Sampling
c) Magnification Factor (M)
d) Pixelization Error
Answer: c

26. Process of increasing the number of pixels is known as:

a) Up Sampling
b) Down Sampling
c) Quantization
d) None of above
Answer: a

27. Which one is a type of Halftoning Algorithm:

a) Dithering
b) Digitization
c) Quantization
d) None of the above
Answer: a

28. Lateral inhibition of the cones and rods creates the concept of:
a) Simultaneous Contrast
b) Dynamic Range
c) Brightness Adaptation
d) None of above
Answer: a

29. Images are usually printed at a resolution of:

a) 200 dpi
b) 100 dpi
c) 500 dpi
d) 300 dpi
Answer: d

30. Vector images are created in:

a) Adobe Illustrator
b) Adobe Photoshop
c) Adobe Fireworks
d) Splashup
Answer: a

31. The new format to display vector images is:

a) SVG
b) GIF
c) JPG
d) PNG
Answer: a
32. Which type of format can create a transparent image:
a) PNG
b) GIF
c) JPG
d) SVG
Answer: a

33. Which file creates a perfect reproduction of the original images?

a) Shockwave
b) PNG
c) JPG
d) GIF
Answer: d

34. Which image file is a lossy format:

a) MPEG
b) PNG
c) JPEG
d) GIF
Answer: c

35. Types of computer graphics are:

a) Vector and raster
b) Scalar and raster
c) Vector and scalar
d) None of these
Answer: a

36. Vector graphics is composed of? :

a) Pixels
b) Paths
c) Palette
d) None of these
Answer: b
1) a monochrome image has:
ans:- 1 value per pixel

2) a color image has:

ans:- 3 value per pixel

3) spatial domain refers to:

ans:- direct manipulation of image pixel

4) contrast stretching means:

ans:- increasing the dynamic range of gray level

5) the piecewise linear transformation functions is:

ans:- complex

6) negative transformation is:

ans:- linear

7) the process of using known data to estimate values at unknown location is known
as:
ans:- interpolation

8) gray level enhancement improve:

ans:- contrast and brightness

9) which factor is responsible for determining the spatial resolution of an image

is:
ans:- sampling

10) which effect is caused by the use of an insufficient number of gray levels in
smooth areas of a digital image:
ans:- fale countring

11) in terms of N( number of pixels) and k (L=2^k,L is the grey level) values,
which statement is correct:
ans:- larger values for N and k, implies better picture quality

12) for an image witha large amount of detail, if the value of N (number of pixels)
is fixed then what is the grey level dependency in the perceived quality of this
type of image ?
ans:- nearly independent of the number of gray levels used.

13) which theorem states that " if the function is sampled at a rate equal to or
grater than twice its highest frequency, the original function can be recovered
from its samples" ( for a band limited function):
ans:- shanon sampling theorem.

14) name the effect which corrupts the sampled image, and how does it happen:
ans:- aliasing, if the band-limited functions are under sampled.

15) aliasing corrupts the sampled image. how ?

ans:- by introducing additional frequency components to the sampled function.

16) in an image, aliasing effect can be reduced by:

ans:- reducing the high frequency components of image by blurring the image

17) in an image , zooming and shrinking can be viewed as:

ans:- up sampling and down sampling respectively
18) a special case of nearest neighbour interpolation that just duplicates the
pixels the number of times to achieve the desires size, is known as:
ans:- pixel replication

19) an undesirable feature of nearest neighbour interpolation is:

ans:- checkboard effect.

20) image shrinking has an undesirable feature known as:

ans:- aliasing effect.

21) a pixel p at coordinates (x,y) has neighbors whose coordinates are given by:
(x+1,y), (x-1,y), (x,y+1), (x,y-1) this set of pixels is known as:
ans:- 4-neighbors

22) a pixel p at coordinates (x,y) has neighbors whose coordinates are given by:
(x+1, y+1), (x+1, y-1), (x-1, y+1), (x-1, y-1) this set of pixels is known as:
ans:- diagonal neighbors.

23) for pixels p(x,y), q(s,t) and z(v,w), D is a distance function or metric if:
ans:- D(p,q) >= 0,
D(p,q) = D(q,p) all of above
D(p,z) <= D(p,q) + D(q,z)

24) for pixels p(x,y), q(s,t) the euclidean distance between p and q is defined as:
ans:- D(p,q) = [ (x-s)^2 + (y-t)^2]^1/2

25)for pixels p(x,y), q(s,t), the city-block distnace betwen p and q is:
ans:- D(p,q) = | x-s| + | y-t |

26) for pixels p(x,y), q(s,t), the chessboard distance between p and q is defined
as:
ans:- D(p,q) = max(|x-s| + | y-t |)

27) the domain that refers to image plane itself is knwon as:
ans: spatial domain

28) the domain which deals with fourier transform of an image is knwon as:
ans:- frequency domain

29) identify the basic linear point operation:

ans:- negative transformation

30) in case of non-linear transformation, logarithmic deals with which

transformation:
ans:- log and inverse -log transformation.

31) if r be the grey-level of image before processing and s after processing then
which of the given expression is used for digital negative transformation:
ans:- s = (L-1) - r

32) if r be the grey-level of image before processing and s after processing then
which of the given expression is used for logarithmic transformation:
ans:- s = c log ( 1 + r ), c is a constant and r >= 0

33) if r be the grey-level of image before processing and s after processing then
which of the given expression is used for power law transformation:
ans: s = cr^gamma, c and gamma are positive constants.

34) pick the appropriate transformation which is particularly well suited for
enhancing an image with white and gray detail embedded in dark regions of the
image, especially when there is more black area in the image.
ans:- negative transformation.

35) for what values of c and gamma power -law tranformation becomes identity
transformation:
ans:- c = 1 and gamma = 1

36) whic of the following transformation is used in cathode ray tube (CRT) devices:
ans:- power-law transformation

37) gamma correction is defined as:

ans:- a process to correct power-law transformation response phenomena.

38) the power-law transformation is given as: s = cr^gamma. what will happen if the
value of gamma is increased from 0.3 to 0.7:
ans:- the contrast increases and the detail decreases.
1 Gaussian Noise is referred as : Normal noise

2 PDF in image processing is known as: Probability Density Function

3 Name the filter that replaces the pixel value with the medians of intensity level
is known as: Meddian Filter

4 In Geometric Mean Filter when alpha is equal to 1, it works as: Inverse Filter

5 In Weiner Filtering, it is assumed that noise and image are: Un Correlated

6 Name the filter which performs opposite operation to Band Reject operation: Band
pass Filter

7 Image Degradation can be estimated by: 3 Ways

8 The purpose of restoration is to gain: Original image

9 In which type of filter, power spectra and noise of un-degraded image must be
known: Weiner filter

10 Contra-harmonic Mean filter produces: Restored image

11 Which of the following is not a type of mean filter: Sequence Mean Filter

12 Mean filter reduces noise using: Blurring

13 In case of Geometric Mean Filter when alpha is equal to 0, it works as:

Parametric Weiner Filter

14 Degraded mage is produced using degradation process and : Additive Noise

15 The inverse of image convolution is: Image Deconvolution

16 Impulse is stimulated by: Bright Dot

17 which of the following is the approach of restoration: Inverse Filtering

18 Square of standard deviation is known as: Variance

19 Band Reject filter are used where noise componentes are usually: Known

20 Which type of approach incorporates both degradation fuction and statistical

noise in restoration: Weiner Filter

21 Spatial filtering is used in presence of: Additive Random Noise

22 Order Statisics filters are those filters, whose response are based on: Ranking

23 Images usually get corrupted during: Transmission

24 Minimum mean square error filter is also known as: least square error filter

25 High Frequency Components are passed by: High pass filter

26 which of the following is not a type of noise: Black Noise

27 Which type of filter replaces the pixel values with minimum values of intensity
levels: Min Filter
28 In witch domain, degraded image is given as: Spatial domain

29 Frequencies in predefined neighbourhood are rejected by: Notch Filter

30 Wich type of filter computes midpoint between min and max value: Mid Point
Filter

31 Major sources of noise arise during images: Acquisition

32 Which type of filter passes low frequency components: Low Pass Filter

33 Periodic Noise arises from: Electrical Interference

34 Which function consist of both properties of additive and homogeneity:

Superposition

35 For Which type of noise , Fourier spectrum is constant: White Noise

36 Salt and Peeper Noise is also referred to the mentioned term: Spike Noise

37 Constrained Least Square Filter does not implied good in: Optimum Restoration

38 Gaussian shape Function has no: Zeros

39 Inverse filter requirs only: Blur PSF

40 Least Squres Filter are: Less noise sensitive

41 Which of the following is not a type of image degradation: Coordinates

42 For which type of noise, power spectrum is not constant and is proportionnal to
the frequency (1/f): Pink Noise

43 Which type of noise occurs due to the statistical nature of EM waves: photon
Noise

44 Which of the following filter is not used to remove the periodic noise: High
Pass Filter
v
ideo5mcqi
magecompr
essi
on

1.Di
git
izi
ngt
hei
magei
ntensi
tyampl
i
tudei
sknown

a)Sampl
i
ngb)Quant
izat
ionc)Fr
ami
ngd)Noneofabov
e

Answer
:b

2.Compr
essedi
mageber
ecov
eredbackby
:

a)I
mageCont
rastb)I
mageCompr
essi
onc)I
mageEnhancementd)I
mageDecompr
essi
on

Answer
:d

3.Di
git
alv
ideoi
sasequenceof
:

a)Coor
dinat
esb)Pi
xel
sć)Fr
amesd)Mat
ri
xAnswer
:c

4.I
nfor
mat
ioni
sthe:

a)RawDat
ab)Concr
eteDat
ac)Meani
ngf
ulDat
aNoneofabov
e

Answer
:c

5.Codi
ngr
edundancywor
kson:

a)Coor
dinat
esb)I
ntensi
tyc)Pi
xel
sd)Fr
ames

Answer
:b

6.Sour
ceofCodeassi
gnedi
sknownas:

a)Ni
bbl
eb)By
tec)Codewor
dWor
d

Answer
:c
7.Ev
eryr
unl
engt
hpai
rint
roducesnew:

a)Coor
dinat
esb)I
ntensi
tyc)Pi
xel
sd)Fr
ames

Answer
:b

8.I
fthepi
xel
sar
ereconst
ruct
edwi
thouter
rormappi
ng,
isknownas:

a)Rev
ersi
bleb)I
rr
ever
sibl
ec)Tempor
ald)Facsi
mil
e

Answer
:a

9.I
nthecodi
ngr
edundancyt
echni
que,
wemayuse:

a)Var
iabl
elengt
hCodeb)Fi
xedl
engt
hCodec)Bot
hofabov
ed)Answeri
snotment
ioned

Answer
:c

10.Mor
phol
ogyr
efer
sto:

a)Pi
xel
sb)Fr
amesc)Mat
ri
xd)Shapes

Answer
:d

11.Sav
ingper
cent
agei
sgi
venas:

a)1-
(N2/
N1)b)1+(
N2/
N,)c)1-(
N;/
N2)d)1+(
N1/
N2)

Answer
:a

12.I
nfor
mat
ionpersour
cei
sknownas:

a)Sampl
i
ngb)Quant
izat
ionc)Nor
mal
i
zat
iond)Ent
ropy

Answer
:d

13.I
frangei
sgi
venas[
0,L-
1],
wher
eLi
sthe:
a)Cont
rastb)Br
ight
nessc)No.ofCoor
dinat
esd)No.ofI
ntensi
tyLev
els

Answer
:d

14.Compr
essi
oni
susual
l
ydonef
orsav
ing:

a)Bandwi
dthb)St
oragec)Notr
equi
redd)Bot
haandbopt
ions

Answer
:d

15.Sy
stem ofsy
mbol
stor
epr
esentanev
enti
sknownas:

a)By
teb)Ni
bbl
ec)Coded)Wor
d

Answer
:c

16.Hi
stogr
am Equal
i
zat
ionofani
mager
efer
sas:

a)Sampl
i
ngb)Quant
izat
ionc)Nor
mal
i
zat
iond)Fr
ami
ng

Answer
:c

17.I
nHi
stogr
am equal
i
zat
ionofani
mage,
int
ensi
tychangesar
e:

a)Lowb)Hi
ghc)I
nvi
sibl
ed)Vi
sibl
e

Answer
:d

18.Sour
ceofanev
enti
tsel
fisknownas:

a)Memor
ySour
ceb)Zer
oSour
cee)Zer
oMemor
ySour
ced)Nonzer
oMemor
ySour
ce

Answer
:c

19.Repl
i
cat
ionoft
hepi
xel
sisknownas:

a)Spat
ial
Redundancyb)Tempor
alRedundancyc)Bot
hofabov
ed)Answernotment
ioned
Answer
:c

20.I
nformat
ionwhi
chisignoredbyhumaneyeisknownas:a)Spat
ial
Redundancyb)Tempor
al
Redundancyc)I
rr
elev
antInformat
iond)Codi
ngRedundancy

Answer
:c

21.Whati
sthedat
arat
eatwhi
chusual
l
yint
ernetdel
i
ver
ed:

a)65Kbpsb)56Kbpsc)24Kbpsd)42Kbps

Answer
:b

22.I
nfor
mat
ionl
ostwheni
tisexpr
essedmat
hemat
ical
l
y,knownas:

a)Noi
sel
essTheor
em b)Mar
kovPr
ocessc)Fi
del
i
tyCr
it
eri
ad)Fi
nit
eMemor
ySour
ce

Answer
:c

23.Er
rori
nanyI
magesi
sref
err
edas:

á)Noi
seb)Pi
xel
sc)Coor
dinat
esd)Fr
ames

Answer
:a

24.For
mul
ap,
=n/
MNi
susedt
orepr
esentt
he:

a)Spat
ial
Redundancyb)Tempor
alRedundancyc)I
rr
elev
antI
nfor
mat
iond)Codi
ngRedundancy

Answer
:d

25.I
nthef
ormul
a:1-
(1/
c),
Cisr
efer
redas:

a)Compl
exr
ati
ob)Compr
essi
onr
ati
oc)Const
antd)Condi
ti
on

Answer
:b
26.I
rr
elev
antdat
aissai
das:

a)RawDat
ab)Meani
ngf
ulDat
ac)RedundantDat
ad)Sequent
ial
Dat
a

Answer
:c

27.Namet
het
echni
quewhi
chi
nvol
vesr
educt
ioni
ndat
a:

a)I
mageCompr
essi
onb)I
mageEnhancementc)I
mageRest
orat
iond)I
mageEqual
i
zat
ion

Answer
:a

28.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotat
ypeofdat
aredundancy
:

a)Spat
ial
b)Tempor
alc)Facsi
mil
ed)Codi
ng

Answer
:c

29.Redundancyoft
hedat
acanber
epr
esent
edbyt
hef
ormul
a:

a)1-
(1/
C)b)1+(
1/C)c)(
1-1/
C)d)(
1+1/
C)Answer
:a

30.Tr
ansf
ormi
ngt
hedi
ff
erencebet
weenadj
acentpi
xel
sisknownas:

a)Equal
i
zat
ionb)Mappi
ngc)Speci
fi
cat
iond)Compr
essi
on

Answer
:b

31.Si
mpl
estwayofcompr
essi
oni
sremov
ing:

a)I
nfor
mat
ionb)Dat
ac)Super
fl
uousDat
ad)Meani
ngf
ulDat
a

Answer
:c

32.Pr
ocessofi
nser
ti
ngdat
aont
hei
magei
sknownas:

a)Equal
i
zat
ionb)Wat
ermar
kingc)Compr
essi
ond)Enhancement
Answer
:b

33.Shannon'
sTheor
em i
sal
soknownas:

a)CodingTheorem b)Noi
syCodi
ngTheor
em c)Noi
sel
essCodi
ngTheor
em d)Noi
sel
ess
ChannelTheor
em

Answer
:c

34.Forwhi
cht
ypeofoper
ati
on,
Encoderi
sused:

a)Equal
i
zat
ionb)Wat
ermar
kinge)Compr
essi
onEnhancement

Answer
:c

35.Namet
het
ypeofcodi
ngt
hati
sbasedont
heent
ropyoft
hesour
ce:

a)Huf
fmanCodi
ng)Ent
ropyCodi
ngc)Lossl
essCompr
essi
ond)LossyCompr
essi
on

Answer
:b

36.Namet
het
ypeofcodi
ngt
hati
sbasedont
hepr
edi
cti
onoft
hesubsequentdat
a:

a)Huf
fmanCodi
ngb)Ent
ropyCodi
ngC)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ng

Answer
:c

37.Namet
hepr
ocessofgr
adual
compr
essi
onf
oll
owi
nganunder
li
neor
derofpr
ior
it
y:

a)Huf
fmanCodi
ngb)Ent
ropyCodi
ngc)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ng

Answer
:d

38.Mat
hemat
ical
model
oft
hehumanaudi
tor
ysy
stem i
sknownas:

a)Compr
essi
onModel
b)Lossl
essModel
c)Mar
kovModel
d)Psy
choacoust
icModel

Answer
:d
39.Namet
het
ypeofcodi
ngt
hati
sbasedonmat
hemat
ical
transf
orms:

a)Tr
ansf
orm Codi
ngb)Ent
ropyCodi
ngc)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ng

Answer
:a

40.Namet
het
ypeofcodi
ngt
hati
sbasedonbl
ocksofdat
a:

a)Tr
ansf
orm Codi
ngb)Ent
ropyCodi
ngc)Vect
orQuant
izat
iond)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ng

Answer
:c

41.Namethecompressi
onalgor
it
hm t
hatpreser
vesdat
awit
hnolossofinf
ormat
ion:a)
Lossl
essCompressi
onb)LossyCompressi
onc)Entr
opyCompr
essiond)Noneofabove

Answer
:a

42.Whi
cht
ypeofcodi
ngal
gor
it
hm usessi
ngl
ecodewor
dforast
ri
ngofchar
act
ers:

a)Tr
ansf
orm Codi
ngb)Ar
it
hmet
icCodi
ngc)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ngAnswer
:b

43.Whichty
peofcodi
ngprocessi
nvol
vesmul
ti
ply
ingeacht
ransf
orm coef
fi
cientbyt
he
corr
espondi
ngel
ementinz
onal mask:

a)Tr
ansf
orm Codi
ngb)Ar
it
hmet
icCodi
ngc)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Zonal
Codi
ng

Answer
:d

44.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngcodi
ngt
echni
quei
sav
ari
abl
elengt
hcodi
ng:

a)Huf
fmanCodi
ngb)Zonal
Codi
ngc)Pr
edi
cti
veCodi
ngd)Pr
ogr
essi
veCodi
ng

Answer
:a
45.Namet
hecompr
essi
onal
gor
it
hm t
hati
ncurdat
alossi
.e.accept
abl
etot
hehumanobser
ver
:

a)Lossl
essCompr
essi
on)LossyCompr
essi
onc)Ent
ropyCompr
essi
ond)Noneofabov
e

Answer
:b

46.Howmanyt
ypesofr
edundancyexi
st:

a)3b)4c)5d)6

Answer
:b
v
ideo6i
magesegment
ati
on

1.Segment
ati
oni
susual
l
ynotper
fectbecauseofnumberoff
act
orsl
i
ke:

a)Noi
seandBadill
umi
nat
ionb)Duet
oboundar
y-f
il
li
ngc)Duet
ocl
osedcont
ourd)Obj
ect
Cont
ainsev
eral
regi
on

Answer
:a

2.Whatar
ethet
woappr
oachesofi
magesegment
ati
on?

a)Haar
-l
ikefeat
ure&3-Drectangleappr
oachb)Regi
onbasedsegment
ati
on&edge
segment
ationc)Adaboostapproach&edgesegmentat
iond)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:b

3.Whi
cht
echni
quei
sappl
i
edf
orEdgesegment
ati
on:

a)Heur
ist
icsoper
atorb)Cannyoper
atorc)Bot
hoft
heabov
ed)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:c

4.Whati
stheCr
it
eri
aforr
egi
onsegment
ati
on:

a)Pi
xel
smaybeassi
gnedtothesameregionb)Pi
xel
smaybeassi
gnedt
othedi
ff
erentr
egi
on
c)Bot
hoft
heaboved)Noneoftheabove

Answer
:a

5.Nameoft
echniquewher
epi
xel
sar
eal
l
ocat
edt
ocat
egor
iesaccor
dingt
other
angeofv
alues
i
nwhichapi
xell
ies:

a)Thr
eshol
dingbasedsegmentat
ionb)Edge-basedsegment
ati
onc)Regi
onbased
segment
ati
ond)Noneoft heabove

Answer
:a
6.Edgeel
ementi sassoci
atedwit
hwhichcomponent
s:a)Magni
tudeoft
hegr
adi
entb)Regi
on
ofthegr
adientc)Bothoftheaboved)Noneoft
heaboveAnswer:a

7.Lapl
aci
aniswhi
chtypeofoperat
or:a)Fi
rstor
derder
ivat
ivef
il
terb)Secondor
derder
ivat
ive
fi
lt
erc)Sobel
oper
atord)Cannyoperat
orAnswer:b

8.Agradientoper
atorf
oredgedetect
ioni
sfa)Rober
tsb)Zer
ocr
ossi
ngoper
atorc)Second
orderder
ivati
ved)NoneAnswer:a

9.Imagesegment
ationist
heprocessof:Ja)Par
ti
ti
oni
ngdi
git
ali
mageint
omulti
plesegmentb)
Classi
fyt
heimageintonumberofobject
sc)Compressi
ngt
heimaged)Noneoftheabove
Answer:a

10.Thr
eshol
dbasedsegmentat
ioni
sbasedon:
a)Numberofcl
ust
ers)Cl
i
plev
elc)Numberof
regi
onsd)NumberofCoor
dinat
esAnswer:
b

11.Whi
chsegment
ati
ont
echni
quei
sbasedoncl
ust
eri
ngappr
oaches?

a)K-meansalgori
thm b)Threshol
dbasedal
gor
it
hm c)Edgedet
ect
ionbasedal
gor
it
hm d)
Hist
ogram basedalgori
thm

Answer
:a

12.I
nhi
stogr
am basedsegment
ati
on,
measur
ementi
sdonef
or:

a)Col
orori
ntensi
tyofobj
ect
sb)Regi
onofobj
ect
sc)Reduci
ngobj
ect
sd)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:a

13.Zer
ocr
ossi
ngoper
atoruset
hef
oll
owi
ng:

a)Fi
rstder
ivat
iveb)Secondder
ivat
ivec)Sobel
oper
atord)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:b
14.Whi
cht
ypeofoper
atori
susedbyCl
assi
cal
edgedet
ect
ors:

a)Pr
ewi
ttoper
atorRober
toper
atorc)Gaussi
anoper
atord)Thr
eshol
doper
ator

Answer
:a

15.Sobel
edgedet
ect
ionuses:

a)Fi
rstder
ivat
iveb)Secondder
ivat
ivec)Rober
toper
atord)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:a

16.Adv
ant
agesofcannyoper
atori
s:

a)Si
mpli
cit
yofthemethodb)Perf
ormancegood,
Usi
ngpr
obabi
l
ityf
orf
indi
nger
rorr
atec)
Impr
ovedPerf
ormanced)All
oftheabove

Answer
:b

17.Onwhi
chpr
oper
ti
es,
Grayl
evel
imagesegment
ati
oni
sbasedon:

a)Di
scont
inui
tyandsi
mil
ari
tyb)Cont
inui
tyandsi
mil
ari
tyc)Onl
ysi
mil
ari
tyd)Onl
yCont
inui
ty

Answer
:a

18.Edgebasedsegment
ati
onal
gor
it
hm i
susi
ng:

a)Discont
inui
tyandsi
mil
ari
tyb)Thr
eshol
dval
uec)Cont
inui
tyandsi
mil
ari
tyd)Edgel
i
nki
ngand
boundary

Answer
:d

19.Gr
eyl
evel
thr
eshol
dingi
sagener
ali
zat
ionof
:

a)Edgedet
ect
ionb)Bi
nar
ythr
eshol
dingc)Bot
hoft
heabov
ed)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:b
20.Regi
ongr
owi
ngi
swhi
cht
ypeofi
magesegment
ati
onappr
oach:

a)bot
tom-
upb)Topdownc)Spl
i
tti
ngd)Noneoft
heabov
e

Answer
:a

21.Whati
sthedat
arat
eatwhi
chusual
l
yint
ernetdel
i
ver
ed:

a)65Kbpsb)56Kbpsc)24Kbpsd)42Kbps

Answer
:b

22.I
nfor
mat
ionl
ostwheni
tisexpr
essedmat
hemat
ical
l
y,knownas:

a)Noi
sel
essTheor
em b)Mar
kovPr
ocessc)Fi
del
i
tyCr
it
eri
ad)Fi
nit
eMemor
ySour
ce

Answer
:c

23.Pi
ckt
hecor
rectexampl
eofEdgeDet
ect
ionMet
hod:

a)Neural
Net worksSegmentat
ion6)Wat
ershedTr
ansf
ormat
ionc)Mul
ti
-scal
eSegment
ati
ond)
GraphPart
it
ioningMethods

Answer
:b

24.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sanexampl
eofRegi
onGr
owi
ngMet
hod:

a)LevelSetMet
hodsb)Gr
aphPar
ti
ti
oni
ngMet
hodsc)Wat
ershedTr
ansf
ormat
iond)Neur
al
NetworksSegment
ati
on

Answer
:d

25.Di
git
alf
unct
ionder
ivat
ivesar
edef
inedas:

a)Addi
ti
onb)Mul
ti
pli
cat
ionc)Di
vi
siond)Di
ff
erences

Answer
:d
26.Forl
i
nedet
ect
ion,
whi
cht
ypeofmaski
sused:

a)Lapl
aci
anb)Gaussi
anc)I
deal
d)But
ter
wor
th

Answer
:a

27.Gr
adi
entcomput
ati
onequat
ioncanbewr
it
tenas:

a)I
G,I+|
G|b)I
G,I-I
G,Ic)I
G,I/I
G,Id)I
G,IxI
G,I

Answer
:a

28.Forf
indi
nghor
izont
all
i
nes,
whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngmaskv
aluesi
sused:
´

a)[
-1-
1-1;
222;
-1-
1-1]b)[
2-1-
1;-
12-
1;-
1-12]c)[
-12-
1;-
12-
1;-
12-
1]d)[
-1-
12;
-12-
1;2-
1-
1]

Answer
:a

29.I
ftheobj
ecti
nnerr
egi
oni
stext
ured,
whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngappr
oachcanbeused:

a)Si
mil
ari
tyb)Di
scont
inui
tyc)Ext
ract
iond)Recogni
ti
on

Answer
:a

30.Thehor
izont
algr
adi
entpi
xel
sar
edenot
edby
:

a)Gyb)Gxc)Gd)G,

Answer
:b

31.Accor
dingt
ofi
rstder
ivat
iveappr
oxi
mat
ion,
val
uesofconst
anti
ntensi
ti
esmustbe:

a)Posi
ti
veb)Negat
ivec)Oned)Zer
o

Answer
:d
32.Forf
indi
ngl
i
neatangl
e45°,
whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngmaskofv
aluesi
sused:

a)[
-1-
1-1;
222;
-1-
1-1]b)[
2-1-
1;-
12-
1;-
1-12]c)[
-12-
1;-
12-
1;-
12d)[
-1-
12;
-12-
1;2-
1-1]

Answer
:b

33.Accor
dingt
osecondder
ivat
iveappr
oxi
mat
ion,
val
uesal
ongt
her
ampmustbe:

a)Posi
ti
veb)Negat
ivec)Oned)NonZer
o

Answer
:d

34.Gr
adi
entmagni
tudei
magesar
emostusef
uli
n:

a)Poi
ntDet
ect
ionb)Li
neDet
ect
ion)EdgeDet
ect
iond)Ar
eaDet
ect
ion

Answer
:c

35.I
mageswhi
char
ehav
inggr
adi
entpi
xel
sar
eknownas:

a)Bi
nar
yImageb)Shar
pImagec)Bl
urI
maged)Gr
adi
entI
mage

Answer
:d

36.I
nlapl
aci
ani
mages,
li
ghtshadesofgr
eyl
evel
isr
epr
esent
edby
:

a)Posi
ti
veb)Negat
ivec)OneZer
o

Answer
:a

37.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngoper
ati
oni
susedf
ornoi
ser
educt
ion:

a)I
mageEnhancementb)I
mageRecogni
ti
onc)I
mageSmoot
hingd)I
mageCont
our
ing

Answer
:c

38.Tr
ansi
ti
onbet
weenobj
ect
sandbackgr
oundsshows:
a)RampEdgesb)St
epEdgesc)Shar
pEdgesd)Bot
hRampandSt
epEdges

Answer
:d

39.St
epedget
ransi
ti
oni
sbet
weenpi
xel
sov
ert
hedi
stanceof
:

a)4Pi
xel
sb)3Pi
xel
sc)2Pi
xel
sd)1Pi
xel

Answer
:d

40.Sobel
gradi
enti
snotgoodf
ort
hedet
ect
ionof
:

a)Edgesb)Hor
izont
alLi
nesc)Ver
ti
cal
Linesd)Di
agonal
Lines

Answer
:d

41.Comput
ati
onofder
ivat
ivesi
nsegment
ati
oni
sal
soknownas:

a)LowPassFi
l
ter
ingb)Hi
ghPassFi
l
ter
ingc)Spat
ial
Fil
ter
ingd)Fr
equencyFi
l
ter
ingAnswer
:c

42.Model
ofl
i
nest
hroughr
egi
oni
sknownas:

a)RampEdgesb)St
epEdgesc)Shar
pEdgesd)RoofEdges

Answer
:d

43.Av
eragi
ngi
sanal
ogoust
o:

a)Di
ff
erent
iat
ionb)I
ntegr
ati
onc)Addi
ti
ond)Der
ivat
ion

Answer
:b

44.i
nimagesegment
ati
on,
subdi
vi
siondependsupon:

a)Obj
ectb)Par
ti
ti
onc)Li
nesd)Pr
obl
em

Answer
:d
45.Di
scont
inui
tyappr
oachofsegment
ati
ondependsupon:

a)LowFr
equencyb)Abr
uptChangec)Smoot
hChangesd)Cont
rast

Answer
:b

46.Twor
egi
onsar
esai
dtobeadj
acenti
fthei
runi
onf
orms:

a)I
mageb)Regi
onc)Boundar
iesd)Connect
edSet

Answer
:d

47.I
nwhi
chy
earSobel
oper
atorwasi
ntr
oduced:

a)1970b)1980c)1972d)1982

Answer
:a

48.Forwhi
chpar
ti
cul
aroper
ati
oni
nani
mage,
Sobel
oper
atori
sbet
tert
hanPr
ewi
ttoper
ator
:

a)Shar
peni
ngb)Smoot
hingc)Bl
urr
ingd)Cont
rast

Answer
:b

49.Mar
rhi
l
dret
hmet
hodwasi
ntr
oducedf
or:

a)Shar
peni
ngb)Edgef
indi
ngc)Segment
ati
ond)Recogni
ti
on

Answer
:b

50.Fordi
agonal
edgedet
ect
ion,
whi
cht
ypeofmaski
sused:

a)1DMask6)2DMaskc)3DMaskd)4DMask

Answer
:b
1.The histogram of a digital image with gray levels in the range (O, L-1] is represented by a
discrete function:
a) pirk)=nk
b) h(r=nk
c) hírk)=n/nk
d) h(rk)=n/n

Answer: b

2.Which of the following expression is used to represent for the normalized histogram:
a) pirk)=nk
b) p(x)=nk
c) pork )=n/ng
d) plrk )=nx/n

Answer: d

3.The inverse transformation from s (back) to r is denoted as:

a) s=T (r) for Osss1
b) r=T'(s) for Osrs1
c) r=T-'(s) for Osss1
d) r=T-(s) for 02s21

Answer: c

4.Histogram equalization or Histogram linearization is represented by which of the following

equation:
a) sk=&k; =1 n;/n for k=0,1,2........L-1
b) sk=&k; =0 n;/n for k=0,1,2,.....,L-1
c) Sk = $k; =n n;/n for k=0,1,2......,L-1
d) Sk = Sk; =0 n/n; for k=0,1,2,......L-1

Answer: b

5.What is the method that is used to generate a processed image that have a specified
histogram:
a) Histogram linearization
b) Histogram equalization
c) Histogram specification
d) Histogram processing

Answer: c

6. In case of dark image, the components of histogram are concentrated on which side of
the grey scale:
a) High
b) Low
c) Middle
d) None of the above

Answer: b

7. What is the basis for numerous spatial domain processing techniques:

a) Transformations
b) Scaling
c) Histogram
d) None of the above.

Answer: c

8. In which of the image, components of histogram are concentrated on the low side on
intensity scale:
a) Bright
b) Dark
c) Colorful
d) None of the above

Answer: b

9. Histogram Equalization is also known as:

a) Histogram Matching
b) Image Enhancement
cT Histogram Linearization
d) None of the above

Answer: c

10. Histogram Specification is also known as:

a) Histogram Matching
b) Image Enhancement
c) Histogram Linearization
d) None of the above

Answer: a

11.
Histogram Equalization is commonly used for:
a) Image enhancement
b) Blurring
c) Contrast adjustment
d) None of the above

Answer: a

12.
The type of Histogram Processing in which pixels are modified based on the intensity
distribution of the image is known as:
a) Intensive
b) Local
c) Global
d) Random

Answer: c

13.Which type of Histogram Processing is best suited for minute detailed enhancements:
a) Local
b) Intensive
c) Global
d) Random

Answer: a

14.What is the sum of all components of a normalized histogram:

a) -1
b) 1
c) 0
d) 2

Answer: b

15. A bright image will have what kind of histogram when, the histogram, h(r) = nk, rk the kth
gray level and nk total pixels with gray level rk, is plotted nk versus rk:
a) concentrated on the dark side of gray scale
b) whose component are biased toward high side of gray scale
c) narrow and centered toward the middle of gray scale
d) covers wide range of gray scale and the distribution of pixel is approximately uniform

Answer: b

16. A low contrast image will have what kind of histogram when, the histogram, hark) = nk,
rk the kth gray level and nk total pixels with gray level rk, is plotted nk versus rk:
a) concentrated on the dark side of gray scale
b) whose component are biased toward high side of gray scale
c) narrow and centered toward the middle of gray scale
d) covers wide range of gray scale and the distribution of pixel is approximately uniform

Answer: c

17. If h(rk) = nk, rk the kth gray level and nk total pixels with gray level rk, is a
histogram in gray level range [0, L-1). Then how normalization of histogram is done:
a) pink)=nk+n
b) pirk=nk-n
c) p(x)=nk*n
d) p(x)=nk/n

Answer: b

18. The transformation T (rk) = 5*{j=0) nj /n, k = 0,1, 2, ..., L-1, where L is max gray value
possible and rk is the kth gray level, is known as:
a) Histogram specification
6) Histogram equalization
c) Histogram sliding
d) None of the above

Answer:d

19. Inverse transformation plays an important role in which of the following Histogram
processing Techniques:
a) Histogram Linearization
b) Histogram Equalization
VC) Histogram Matching
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c

20. In Histogram specification r and z are gray level of input and output image and p stands
for PDF, then, what does pz(z) stands for:
a) Specific probability density function
b) Specified pixel distribution function
c) Specific pixel density function
a) Specified probability density function

Answer:d

21. Which of the following histogram processing techniques is global:

a) Histogram Linearization
b) Histogram Specification
c) Histogram Matching
d) All of the above

Answer:d

22. In terms of enhancement, what does mean and variance refers to:
a) Average contrast and average gray level respectively
b) Average gray level and average contrast respectively
c) Average gray level in both
d) Average contrast in both

Answer: b

23. Which type of operation normalizes pixel values to their average value to improve the
image quality:
a) Histogram Normalization
b) Histogram Specification
c) Histogram Matching
d) None of the above

Answer: a

24. Which type of operation is used to spread the histogram to cover the entire dynamic
range without changing the shape of the histogram:
a) Histogram Normalization
b) Histogram Specification
c) Histogram Stretching
d) None of the above

Answer:c

25.Which type of operation can make an image either darker or lighter:

a) Histogram Normalization
b) Histogram Specification
c) Histogram Matching
a) Histogram Sliding

Answer: d

26. Mapping function for histogram stretching is given as:

a) (Smax – Smin) / (rmax – rmin)
b) (Smax + Smin) / (rmax + r min)
c) Smax /r max
d) Smin / min

Answer: a
1.
The spatial coordinates of a digital image (x,y) are proportional to:
A. Position
B. Brightness
C. Contrast
D. Noise

2.
An image is considered to be a function of a(x,y), where a represents:
A. Height of image
B. Width of image
C. Amplitude of image
D. Resolution of image

3.
What is pixel?
A. Pixel is the elements of a digital image
B. Pixel is the elements of an analog image
C. Pixel is the cluster of a digital image
D. Pixel is the cluster of an analog image

4.
The range of values spanned by the gray scale is called:
A. Dynamic range
B. Band range
C. Peak range
D. Resolution range
5.
Which is a colour attribute that describes a pure colour?
A. Saturation
B. Hue
C. Brightness
D. Intensity

6.
A typical size comparable in quality to monochrome TV image is of size:
A. 256 x 256
B. 512 X 512
C. 1920 x 1080
D. 1080 x 1080

7.
The number of grey values are integer power of:
A. 4
B. 8
c. 2
D. 1
8.
What is the first and foremost step in image processing:
A. Image restoration
B. Image enhancement
C. Image acquisition
D. Segmentation

9.
What is the next step in image processing after compression?
A. Wavelets
B. Segmentation
C. Representation and description
D. Morphological processing

10.
How many number of steps are involved in image processing?
A. 10
B. 9
C. 11
D. 12
11.
A continuous image is digitized at points:
A. Random
B. Vertex
C. Contour
D. Sampling

12.

The transmission between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is
called is ______.
a) Quantization
b) Sampling
c) Rasterization
d) None of the mentioned

13.

What is the equation used to obtain I (intensity) component of each RGB pixel in RGB color
format?
A. I= 1/2 (R+G+B)
B. I=1/3 (R+G+B)
C. I=1/3 (R-G-B)
D. I=1/3 (R-G+B)
14.
How many bit RGB color image is represented by full color image?
A. 32-bit RGB color image
B. 24-bit RGB color image
C. 16-bit RGB color image
D. 8-bit RGB color image

15.
The mask shown in the figure below belongs to which type of filter?
A. Sharpening spatial filter
B. Median filter
C. Smoothing spatial filter
D. Sharpening frequency filter

16.
Which of the following is the primary objective of sharpening of an image?
A. Blurring the image
B. Highlight fine details in the image
C. Increase the brightness of the image
D. Decrease the brightness of the image
17.
If f(x,y) is an image function of two variables, then the first order derivative of a one dimensional
function, f(x) is:
A. f(x+1)-f(x)
B. f(x)-f(x+1)
C. f(x-1)-f(x+1)
D. f(x) + f(x-1)

18.
Which of the following is a second order derivative operator:
A. Histogram
B. Laplacian
C. Gaussian
D. None of the above

19.
_______ is used to detect diseases such as bone infection and tumors:
A. MRI Scan
B. PET Scan
C. Nuclear Whole Body Scan
D. X-Ray
20.
How is the expression represented for the normalized histogram?
A. P(rk) = nk
B. P(rk) = nk/n
C. P(rk) = nnk
D. P(rk) = n/nk

21.
Which of the following conditions does the (Tr) must satisfy:
A. T(r) is doubled-valued and monotonically decreasing in the interval 0≤r≤1; and 0≤ T(r) ≤1 for
0≤r≤1
B. T(r) is doubled-valued and monotonically increasing in the interval 0≤r≤1; and 0≤ T(r) ≤1 for
0≤r≤1
C. T(r) is single-valued and monotonically decreasing in the interval 0≤r≤1; and 0≤ T(r) ≤1 for
0≤r≤1
D. T(r) is single-valued and monotonically increasing in the interval 0≤r≤1; and 0≤ T(r) ≤1 for 0≤r≤1

22.
What is the method that is used to generate a processed image that have a specified histogram?
A. Histogram Linearization
B. Histogram equalization
C. Histogram matching
D. Histogram processing

23.
In _____ image we notice that the components of histogram are concentrated on the low side
on intensity scale:
A. Bright
B. Dark
C. Colorful
D. All the mentioned

24.
What is histogram equalization also called as?
A. Histogram matching
B. Image enhancement
C. Histogram linearization
D. None of the mentioned

25.
The output of a smoothing, linear spatial filter is a of the pixels contained in the neighborhood of
the filter mask:
A. Sum
B. Product
C. Average
D. Dot Product

26.
What is/are the resultant image of a smoothing filter?
A. Image with high sharp transitions in gray levels
B. Image with reduced sharp transitions in gray levels
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

27.
What is/are the resultant image of a smoothing filter?
A. Image with high sharp transitions in gray levels
B. Image with reduced sharp transitions in gray levels
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

28.
Smoothing filter is used for which of the following work(s)?
A. Blurring
B. Noise reduction
c. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

29.
Principle sources of noise arise during image:
A. Destruction
B. Degradation
C. Restoration
D. acquisition
30.
Salt and pepper noise is also known as:
A. Rayleigh noise
B. Impulse noise
C. Black noise
D. Exponential noise

31.
PDF in image processing is called:
A. Probability Degradation Function
B. Probability Density Function
C. Probability Degraded Function
D. None of the above

32.
Degraded noise is produced using degradation process and
A. Additive noise
B. Destruction
C. Pixels
D. Coordinates

33.
Gaussian noise is referred to as:
A. Red Noise
B. Black Noise
C. White Noise
D. Normal Noise

34.
If degradation function is unity the equation for degradation function will be?
A. g(x,y)=h(x,y) * f(x,y) + n(x,y)
B. g(x,y) = f(x,y) + n(x,y)
C. g(x,y) = n(x,y)
D. g(x,y) = f(x,y)

35.
Which image is not known as mean filter?
A. Athematic mean filter
B. Contra harmonic mean filter
C. Median filter
D. Geometric mean filter
36.

Which equation of noise model is correct?

A. g(x,y)=h(x,y) f(x,y) + n(x,y)

B. g(x,y)=f(x,y) + n(x,y)

C. g(x,y)=h(x,y) + n(x,y)

D. g(x,y)=f(x,y) + n(x,y)

Answer: A

37.

Minimum Mean Square Error Filtering is also known as:

A. Low pass filters

B. High pass filters

c. Wiener filtering

D. Mean filtering

Answer :c

38.

In geometric mean filters when alpha is equal to 1 then it works as?

A. Notch filter

B. Band pass filter

C. Wiener filter

D. Inverse filter

Answer: D

39.

Filter that performs opposite to band reject

filter is called:

A. Low pass filter

B. Band pass filter

C. High pass filter

D. Max. Filter

Answer:B
40.

Contra-harmonic mean filter produces:

A. Degraded image

B. Original image

C. Restored Image

D. Plan

Answer: C

41.

One that is not the type of a mean filter:

A. Arithmetic mean filter

B. Geometric mean filter

C. Harmonic mean filter

D. Sequence mean filter

Answer: D

42.

Square of standard variation is called:

A. Variance

B. Noise

C. Restoration

D. Power

Answer: A

43.

Two main operations of morphology are:

A. Erosion

B. Dilation

C. Set theory

D. Both A and B

Answer:D
44.

Dilation followed by erosion is called:

A. Opening

B. Closing

C. Blurring

D. Translation

Answer: B

45.

Opening smooths the image's:

A. Pixels

B. Lines

C. Contour

D. Boundary

Answer : c

46.

Structuring elements have origins at:

A. Top left

B. Top right

C. Center

D. Bottom left

Answer: c

47.

With dilation process images get:

a) Thinner

b) Shrinked

c) Thickened

d) Sharpened.

Answer: C
48.

Fully containment of the structuring element in an image is required in:

A. Erosion

B. Dilation

C. Opening

D. Closing

Answer: A

49.

Example of Edge Detection Methods is:

A. Neural Networks Segmentation

B. Graph Partitioning Methods

C. Watershed Transformation

D. Multi-scale Segmentation

Answer : c

50.

What are the two approaches to segmentation?

A. Haar-like feature and 3-D rectangle approach

B. Region based segmentation & edge segmentation

C. Adaboost approach & edge segmentation

D. None of the above

Answer: B

51.

Region growing is a segmentation approach: image

A. Bottom up

B. Top down

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer : A
52.

Example of Region Growing Methods is:

A. Level Set Methods

B. Graph Partitioning Methods

C. Watershed Transformations

D. Neural Networks Segmentation

Answer: D

53.

Edge based segmentation algorithm is using:

A. Discontinuity and similarity

B. Threshold value

C. None of the above

D. Edge linking and boundary

Answer: D

54.

Image segmentation is the process of:

A. Partitioning a digital image into multiple segment

B. Classify the image into number of objects

C. None of the above

D. All of the above

Answer: A

55.

Classical edge detectors uses:

A. Prewitt operator

B. Robertoperator

C. Threshold operator

D. Gaussian operator

Answer : A
56.

Grey level image segmentation is generally based on two properties:

A. Discontinuity and similarity

B. Continuity and similarity

C. Only similarity

D. None of the above

Answer: A

57.

Compressed image can be recovered back

by:

A. Image enhancement

B. Image decompression

C. Image contrast

D. Image equalization

Answer: B

58.

Image compression comprised of:

A. Encoder

B. Decoder

C. Frames

D. Both A and B

Answer: D

59.

In Huffman coding, data in a tree always

occur?

A. Roots

B Leaves
C. Leaf sub trees

D. Right sub trees

Answer: B

60.

From the following given tree, what is the code word for the character 'a':

A. 011

B. 101

C. 100

D. 101

Answer: A

61.

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is used to compress:

A. Music

B. Pictures

C. Images

D. Frames

Answer :c

62.

Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG-2), was designed for high quality DVD with a data rate of:

A. 3 to 6 Mbps

B. 4 to 6 Mbps

C. 5 to 6 Mbps

D. 6 to 6 Mbps

Answer: A

63.

The chain code of the following shape is given as:

A.000030032232221211
B. 003010203310321032

C. 022332103210201330

D. 012302301023100321

Answer: A

64.

In Audio and Video Compression, each frame is divided into small grids, called picture elements or:

A. Frames

B. Packets

C. Pixels

D. Mega Pixels

Answer : c

65

Which are recognized by vision?

A. Objects

B. Activities

C. Motion

D. Both Objects & Activities

Answer : D

66.

Run Length Encoding of AAABBCDDDD is:

A. 3A2B1C4D

B. 3A1B1C4D

C. 2A2B1C4D

D. 4D1C2B3A

Answer: A

67.
Which of the following measure are not used to describe a region?

A. Mean and median of grey values

B. Minimum and maximum of grey values

e. Number of pixels alone

D. Number of pixels above and below mean

Answer: C

68.

What is the study of properties of a figure that are unaffected by any deformation?

A. Topology

B. Geography

C. Statistics

D. Deformation

Answer: A

69.

What is the Euler number of the image

shown below:

A. O

B. 1

C. 2

D. -1

Answer : D

70.

What is the Euler number of the region shown in the figure below?

A. 1

B. -2

C. -1

D. 2
Answer : B