Index

A *B, 403,410 of wedge, 357,360 Black hole, 310

A x B, 416,418,422 polar, 357,466,529, 532 Blackjack, 39
A * Bx C , 4 2 0 surface of revolution, 326, 358 Borderline, 306, 307, 379
(A x B) x C, 423,425 under a curve, 184,566 Boundary, 504,508,589,596
Absolute convergence, 381,391 under cycloid, 456 Box, 82,86,103,104,420,438,536
Absolute minimum, 106, 505 under e-~', 531 Brachistochrone, 456
Absolute value, 3,99,212,361,365 under parabola, 183 Breadth first search, 612
Acceleration, 19, 69, 105 Arithmetic mean, 372,404 Buffon's needle, 213
Acceleration vector, 449, 452, 462, Arrows, 242,250,398 Burst of speed, 13, 285
465,469 Associative law, 434 Bus, 552
Addition formulas, 32, 33, 65, 291 Astroid, 324,456,458 Business, 102, 247-249, 251,
Addition of vectors, 398, 399 Astronomy, 144,354,467 269-274
Advanced placement, 161,285 Asymptote, 114, 115, 120, 125 Butterfly, 356
AIDS, 53,57 Attracting fixed point, 131 B' - 4AC, 127,129,509
Alcohol, 8 Australia, 548
Algorithm, 372,598,614 Autoscaling, 4 3 Cable, 278, 281
Aliasing, 225 Average, 195,210,211,329,333 Calculator, 40,96, 132, 145, 225
Alternating series, 367, 382, 384 distance 212, 535, 544, 548 Calculus TIL, 39
Amphe's law, 596 slope, 61 Cantor set, 142, 143, 382, 385
Analytic geometry, 121 value, 208, 531 Capital letters, 8, 16
Angle between planes, 408 velocity, 44 Car, 13,20,60,450,454,459,
Angle between vectors, 404 Axis, 124,361,590 462,546
Angular velocity, 339, 591 Cardioid, 353,458
Annuity, 248,273, 309 b Z , 230 Casio, 40, 132, 133
Ant, 259 Back substitution, 442 Catalyst, 265
Anticommutative, 417 Backward, 207,244 Catenary, 278
Antiderivative, 182, 196 Bagel, 316 Cauchy, 83,85, 309,404
Approximation, error, 93,109,111, Balance of force, 286 Cauchy-Riemann, 570, 572
152,221,484 Balk, 29 Cavalieri, 319
linear, 92, 138,255,484,489 Ball, 23, 27, 28 Celsius, 8, 165
quadratic, 109-111, 255 Balloon, 162 Census, 263
to e, 237, 241 Bar, 286 Center, 118, 122, 124
to integral, 220-227 Base of logarithm 228,230,239 of curvature, 463
Arc length, 67, 320, 358, 449, 557 Base plane, 493, 574, 576 of gravity, 531
Arcsine and arctangent, 172 Baseball, 29,451,454, 489, 513 of mass, 336,337
Arch, 277, 278 Basepoint, 387,391,511 point of calculus, 37
Archimedes, 353, 371 Basin of attraction, 130, 137,487, Centered difference, 49, 108
Area, 179-182,201,207,215,305 488,489 Centering, 118, 122, 127
between curves, 311 Basis, 600,603 Central force, 464, 466,469
definition, 201, 203, 216, 566 Basketball, 22,103,327,373 Central limit theorem, 333
of band, 326,327 Bell-shaped curve, 238, 330, 331, Centroid, 338,340,506, 534,538
of circle, 217 335,531 Chain, 154, 169
of ellipse, 124, 220, 468, 565 Bending, 105, 107, 119 Chain rule, 156, 198, 215,497-500
of parallelogram, 416,418, Bernoulli(s), 151, 456 Change of limits, 189,206,215
424,533 Beta function, 309 of coordinates, 118, 532, 546
of region R, 564 Binomial coefficients, 335, 387,394 of variable, 189, 190, 295
of ring, 530 Binomial formula, 51, 194, 270 Chaos, 140-144, 467,487
of slice, 523 Binomial series, 393, 396 Chemistry, 407
of sphere, 326, 360, 577 Binormal vector, 461,463 Circle, 123, 349, 351, 354, 450,455
of surface, 325, 574, 575 Biochemistry, 265 Circulation, 568
of tilted square, 528 Biology, 57, 251, 261, 265 Class size, 211, 213
of torus, 327 Bipartite, 613 Clock, 275,405
of triangle, 351,418,424, 425 Birdfeeder, 103 Closed curve, 560,563, 566
of washer, 315 Bisection, 146 Closed interval, 89, 147
 Index

Cobb-Douglas, 519 by comparison, 307,375 Dam, 345,347

Cobweb, 131,136 conditional, 382 Damping, 605,606
Coefficient matrix, 426 improper integrals, 306, 308 de Moivre's formula, 362
Cofactor, 439 interval, 391 Decay, 243,245,249,251,271
Coffee, 252 of series, 374, 381, 391 Decibels, 235
Cofunction, 175 of sum and product, 81 Decimal, 85,366
Coin tosses, 329, 370 squeeze theorem, 67,83 Decreasing, 47,96
Column picture, 437,441 tests, 375-379 Definite integral, 185,201,225,342
Column space, 600 to L, 79 Degrees, 8, 24, 29, 165,473
Compact disc, 417, 552,591 to zero, 78,79 Del (V), 492,586
Company, 178,183 Convex, 106,474,475 Delta Airlines, 555
Comparison test, 307,375 Coordinates, change of, 532, 546 Delta function, 14, 18, 116, 285,
Complementary angle, 32, 33 cylindrical, 541 288,568,570,584,598
Complete graph, 612 polar, 348,464,469, 500, 532 Delta, A, 44,93,S, 82,90
Completing the square, 123,298, spherical, 543, 546, 577 Deltoid, 458
510 Coordinate-free, 399,495 Demand, 46,55, 272,485
Complex conjugate, 361 Corner, 4,46, 507, 518 Density, 336,345, 526,557
Complex number, 360-362, 389, Corpse, 250 Dependent variables, 47, 472, 501
601 Correction terms, 191, 193 Deposit, 246, 271
Composite function, 168 Cosecant, 29,74,257 Depth first search, 612
Composition, 154 Cosh x, 277,281,386 Derivative, 27,44, 48,476
Compound interest, 244, 245, 269, Cosine, 23, 26,29, 70, 280, 365 along path, 494
271,276 addition formulas, 32,65, 291 directional, 490, 491
Computer algebra system, 38 derivative of, 27, 68 mixed a2//ax ay, 478,480,511
Computing, 16,3643, 274 direction, 402 of dot product, 463
(see Program) law of, 34,404,545 of inverse function, 166, 172, 175
Concave, 69,106,111,227,510 series, 386 of b2, 233, 237
Concentration, 264,265 Cost, 506 of e2 236,268
Conditional convergence, 382,383 Cotangent, 29, 140, 146,257 of eul'), 239
Cone, 314,327,472,476,540,574 Cover-up method, 301 of f ( ~ ( 4 , 1 5 6
Conic section, 122, 127-129,354 Cramer's rule, 428,429,434,440 of In x, 237, 255
Conjugate (complex) 361 Critical point, 99 of logby, 234,237
Connected, 566,573,615 Cross derivative, 478, 480 of sin x and cos x, 24,26,65
Conservation of energy, 344,559 Cross product, 416,418,422,573 of sin-' y, 172,478,480, 510
Conservation of mass, 588 Cross section, 315, 317,476 of sinh x and cosh x, 278
Conservative, 551, 560, 564, Crosscut, 566, 592 of tan x and sec x, 74
570,594 Cube, 219,540 of tan-' y, 173, 176
Constant, Curl, 560, 586, 589, 591,594 of x-' or t-', 46
C, 181,201,205,216,561 Current, 552, 593,607 of x2 or t2, 18
c (slope of bZ), 233, 236, 237 Curvature, 459,462,463 of x", 52,73, 76, 239, 390
factor, 72,81, 197 Curve, integral along, 557 one-sided, 4,477
from yo, 260,262,604 length of, 321,323 partial, 476
coefficients, 608 parametric, 350, 446, 452 rules for, 52,71
Constraint, 514,516 polar, 352, 356 second, 69, 77, 171
Continuable function, 87, 90 simple smooth, 563 total, 499
Continuity equation, 587, 589 slope of, 59, 62 DERIVE, 39
Continuous, 83, 86, 87, 148, 159, tangent to, 59,449 Descartes, 121
204,477,480 Curve ball, 451 Determinant, 420,421,422,444,
compounding, 269 Cusp, 456,458 445,603
interest, 245, 251 Cycle, 136, 141, 142,489 in Cramer's Rule, 428, 440
probability, 210, 328 Cyclic, 418 in cross product, 422, 590
uniformly, 205 Cycloid, 455,457, 458 in inverse matrix, 430,438,601
Contour line, 472,473,474 Cylinder, 104, 319, 541, 574 Jacobian, 532, 534, 546
Convergence, 78,374,480 Cylindrical coordinates, 541 of product and sum, 434,435
absolute, 381, 391 Czar's disease, 265 Dice, 210, 334
 Index

Difference equation, 268,271, 274, Drug, 251 152,484

609 ds, 321, 323,358,449,557 in derivative, 109
Differences, 11, 178 dS, 573-577,581 in integration, 221, 223
Differentiable, 88, 89 Duhamel, 247 Error function, 331
Differential, 93, 102, 199, 483, 567 Dummy variable, 188, 189 Escalanfe, 285
equation, 53, 243, 286, 363,597, Escape velocity, 309, 346
603 e, 37, 236,238,254, 390 Escargot, 353
logistic, 261, 266, 302 e2, 168, 228, 236, 242, 254,268, Euclid, 121
partial, 479,498, 571 270,386 Euler, 236, 277, 609, 611
second order, 363,604 ei2 or ei" 280, 362, 388, 390 Euler's constant 7,377,381,385
separable, 260 Earth, 356,469 Euler's formula, 280, 362, 389
series solution, 370, 390 Earthquake, 235 Euler's method, 274, 275, 609
y' = cy, 243,261 Eccentricity, 354-356 Even, 75,207,213
+
y' = cy 8 , 246,250,260 ECG or EKG, 112,401,412,415 Evolute, 463
yl' = -y, 69 Economics, 54, 57,69,474,486, Exact, 567, 572
Differentiation, 45,476 489,504,519 Expected value, 209,329,369
exponential (ED), 259 Effective rate, 245, 273 Exponent, 228, 230
implicit (ID), 160-164, 502 Eigenvalue, 603 Exponential, 12, 167, 236, (see e Z )
logarithmic (LD), 256, 259 Einstein, 73,96, 127, 163,344,347 differentiation (ED), 259
Diffusion equation, 479 Elastic, 102, 286, 342 solution, 243, 363,601
Digital, 12 Elasticity (economics), 54, 261 Extreme Value Theorem, 89,99,
DiMaggio, 334 Electric field, 583, 593 148
Dimension, 119, 143,600 Electrocardiogram, 112, 353, 401,
Dimensionless, 266, 267 412 Factor, 301
Dimple, 353, 356 Elevator, 334 Factorial, 38, 270, 307, 369
Dipole, 288 Elimination, 435, 441,444 Faraday'a law, 593,596
Direction, 398,402,490, 551 Ellipse, 122,124,127,354,466,467 Fast Fourier transform, 598
Direction cosines, 402 area of, 124,565 Feigenbaum, 142
Directional derivative, 490,491, in polar coordinates, 354, Fence, 104, 513
591 356,466 Fenway Park, 458
Directrix, 123, 355 parametric, 450, 453 Ferris Bueller, 3
Discontinuous, 4, 86, 87,90 perimeter of, 124, 220 Feynman, 98
Discounting, 274 Ellipsoid, 539, 582 Field line, 552, 553
Discrete growth, 268 Endpoint, 89,99, 186 Field, conservative, 560, 567,570,
Discrete mathematics, 598,611 Energy, 342,344, 559 594
Discrete sine, 12, 15 Engineering, 286, 343, 586,606 gradient, 551,556,560,564,590,
Distance, 1, 31, 449,495, 506 Enzyme, 265 594
between planes, 415 Epicycloid, 456,458 position, 550, 583
to line, 415 Epsilon-delta, 79, 82,90, 204, 480 spin, 550, 590
to plane, 411,412, 425 Equal angle, 104 vector, 549
Divergence, of curl, 591 Equation, Finance, 247,251,272
of integral, 306, 308 heat and wave, 479 First order, 108, 221, 251, 275
of series, 366, 375 Laplace, 501, 503, 571, 586, 598 Fixed point, 130, 272
of vector field, 569,570, 584,586 logistic, 261, 262, 266, 302 Flight time, 454
Theorem, 583,595 of a line, 58, 59,409,447 Florida, 52,475, 499
Domain of function, 5,41, 165 of a plane, 408,422 Flow, 555,568, 582
Dot product, 403,404,463 of conic sections, 122-127, 354 Flow field, 552,555,569, 586
Double angle, 32, 290, 362 of normal line, 59, 481 Flower, 352, 356
Double integral, 522, 528, 532 of tangent line, 59 Flux, 555, 568, 570, 572, 579, 580,
Double sum, 195 of tangent plane, 481, 483 585,586
Doubling time, 57, 243, 245 Equator, 543 FM signal, 155
Doughnut, 315,358. 582 Equilibrium, 102,485, 571, 586 Focus, 123, 124,354,466
Driving a car, 1,499, 604 Equipotential, 553 Football, 475
Driving backward, 3 Error, 133, 153, 275, 392 in a p Force, 342,345,544
Driving time, 100, 116, 120 proximation, 93, 110, 111, Force field, 555, 586
 Index

Forward-back, 3,8, 25 Gravitational constant, 467, Improper integral, 297, 305-310

Four-dimensional, 219 552, cover Income, 178, 183
Fourier series, 116, 291, 294, 598 Gravity field, 548, 552,554, 583 Income tax, 9, 15
Fourth order, 224 Great circle, 555 Increasing function, 47,96, 105,
Fractal, 88, 137, 139, 143,487 Greedy algorithm, 614 153
Fraction, 301, 367, 373 Green's Theorem, 563-572,587, Increasing sequence, 204
Franklin, Ben, 245 594 Indefinite integral, 185, 196, 342
Frequency, 235,608 Groove, 359 Independence of path, 559,594
Fubini, 523 Growth rate, 243,261,601 Independent variable, 47, 472, 501
Function, 4, 5 Gyration, 341 Indeterminate, 149, 151, 236
continuable, 87,90 Indians, 245
continuous, 86-89, 148, 159, 204, Half-life, 243, 251 Indifference curve, 474
477,480 Half-plane, 508 Induction, 75, 190, 195
delta, 14, 18, 116, 285, 568, 584, Hall's theorem, 613 Inequality, 208, 517, 520
598 Halley, 146, 356, 371,467, 470 Schwarz, 195, 385,404,406
differentiable, 88, 89 Hammer, 24 Infarction, 113
discontinuous, 4, 86, 87 Hanging cable, 278 Infinite series, 366 (see Series)
even and odd, 115,207,213 Harmonic motion, 25, 27,69, 344 Infinity, 114, 151
gamma and beta, 309 Harmonic series, 80, 371, 375, Inflection point, 107, 262, 511
hyperbolic, 277, 298 376,380 Initial condition, 260,605
inverse, 164, 172, 196, 231, 279 Heart, 112, 353,400, 412,415 Inner integral, 523
probability density, 211, 328 Heat equation, 479 Inner product, 403
rational, 300,305 Helix, 450,460,461 Inside function, 154, 157, 198
step, 2, 14, 46, 86, 204, 285, 503 Hexagons, 34, cover Instability, 275
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Hole, 204, 315, 317, 375,560, 566 Instantaneous, 17,44
19,26, 149,186,213,549, 556 Hollow sphere, 545 Instructor, 305,381
before limits, 11, 178, 195 Homogeneous function, 504 Integral, 27, 180, 182
proof, 214, 216,217 Homogeneous solution, 250,602, along curve, 555,557
Future value, 245,273,274 608 definition, 182, 203, 205, 522
Hookeyslaw, 102,286,342 double, 522,528, 532
g and G, 467,552, cover H6pital (see l'H6pital) improper, 297, 305
Gabriel's horn, 328 Horizontal, asymptote, 114 inner and outer, 523
Galileo, 19, 127, 339 line test, 170 length, 321,323
Galois, 160 slices, 218, 313 line, 555, 557
Gamma, r, 55,309 Hose, 453, 457 surface, 326, 581, 584
7, 377,381,385 HP-18S, 40,225 test, 376, 377
Gas law, 502,504 Hyperbola, 122, 125, 127, 354 triple, 536 541, 546
Gauss, 189, 330, 312,584587 Hyperbolic functions, 277-280 using tan fi z , 292
Gauss points, 209, 224 Hyperbolic substitution, 298 volume, 313, 316, 522, 536
Generalized MVT, 151, 392 Hyperboloid, 482,483 of cos2z, 284, 289, 295, 312
Geometric, mean, 372, 404 Hyperplane, 437,538 of cosn z and sinn z, 290,294
series, 16,110,181,195,271,366, Hypocycloid, 324, 351,456,458, of 6(z), 286
368 572 of ec2, 239
Gibbs phenomenon, 121 of e-~', 531, 535
Gradient, 492, 493,495, 586 i and i, 360,401 of In z, 283
Gradient field, 551, 556, 559, 560, Identity, 31,32, 140 of (In z)-', 257
564,590, 594 function, 155, 165 of sec z, 292
Graph, 7,36,41, 112, 114,472 matrix, 430, 534 of sec3 z, 291, 294,300,324
nodes and edges, 611 If and only if, 80, 85 of sin z cos qz , 291
of inverse, 167 Imaginary number, 140, 253,280, 4
of sin z, 289
polar, 352 360,388 of sinmz cosn z, 289
semilog, 232, 235 Imaginary part, 363, 389 of tanm z secn z, 292
zoom, 41,119 Impedance, 610 of tan-' z, 284
Graphing calculator, 6, 39, 116 Implicit differentiation (ID), of v(x)6(z), 286
Gravitation, 343, 466, 544, 548 160-164,486,502 of z cos z, 284
 Index

Lemniscate, 355, 359, 360 integral of, 283

Length, of cardioid, 358 rules for, 229, 230, 235, 253
of curve, 321, 323 series, 370, 373
of ellipse, 322, 325, 450 Logarithmic differentiation (LD),
of l/d>, 295,299, 300 of polar curve, 358 256,259
Integrating factor, 247 of space curve, 325 Logistic equation, 261, 262, 266,
Integration, by double-angle, 290 of spiral, 359 302,304
by parts, 283-288, 587 of vector, 402, 403 Loop, 43,474,613
numerical, 220-227 Level curve, 472-474, 496 LORAN, 126
program, 226 Level direction, 491, 492, 496 Los Angeles, 473, 555
Interest, 244, 245, 269, 271, 276 Lewis Carroll, 431 Lottery, 52, 57, 248, 335
Intermediate Value Theorem, 89, 1'Hbpital3srule, 149, 153, 242, 248 Lower rectangles, 187
90,209 Light ray, 63, 105, 123, 163
Interval, 89, 147, 391 Limaqon, 353, 359 Maclaurin series, 387
Inverse, 164, 196, 231, 237 Limit, 19, 44, 78, 79, 84, 237, 480 Magnetic field, 552, 593
hyperbolic functions, 279, 281, of an, 78 Malthus, 244
300 of f(z), 82 85 Map, 292,473,474
matrix, 169, 429, 430, 435, 438, +
of (1 h)lfh,237 MAPLE, 39, 196
534,601 +
of (1 i)", 237, 241, 269, 276 Marginal, 54, 57, 102, 478
of chain, 169 of (1 - A)n,241, 276 Mars, 353, 355, 469
secant, 174 +
of (1 :)", 270, 275 Mass, 24, 28, 336, 526, 557
sine, 172 of (In z)/z, 258 Mass action, 261, 264, 265, 267
square law, 544, 546 of (sins)/%, 65, 66, 70 Matching, 613, 615
tangent, 176 of (1 - cos z)/z, 65, 67 Mathernatica, 37, 39, 196, 290
trigonometric functions, 171-176 of A f / A t , 44,45 Mathematical induction, 75,
Invertible, 166, 170, 599 of zn/e2, 242 190,195
Involute, 458 Limit comparison test, 379, 381 MATLAB, 38
Irrotational, 591 Limit, one-sided, 83, 90 Matrix, 420, 421, 427, 599
Iteration, 130, 133, 155, 159, 272, Limits of integration, 182,186,202, multiplication, 429, 430, 438
487,490 524, 532 Maximum, 89,96,505, 509
Line, 58, 447, 452 local or absolute, 98
Jacobian, 490, 532, 534, 546 equation of, 59, 61,409,447,448 test for 98, 106, 505, 509
Jump, 9, 14, 46, 86, 285 integral, 549, 557 Maxwell, 596
normal, 59, 481,489 Mean Value Theorem, 18, 91,97,
Kepler, 127, 464, 466, 467, 470 parallel or skew, 453 147, 151,216,217, 321,480
Kidney stone, 125 polar form, 352 for integrals, 208, 214
Kinetic energy, 344, 346, 559 secant, 61 Mean, 331, 332, 337,373, 404
Kinetics, 251, 264, 265 tangent, 58, 59,92, 106, 137 Median, 400, 406
Kite, 104 Linear, 5-8, 71, 72, 197, 473, 597 Medicine, 112, 251, 400, 412, 415
algebra, 425, 597, 599 Mercator, 292, 294
Lagrange multiplier, 508, 514-520 approximation, 92, 138,152,255, Mercury, 354
Lamp, 327 484, 489 Michaelis-Menten (MM), 265, 267
Laplace equation, 501, 503, 571, combination, 71, 426, 600 Midpoint rule, 193, 204, 223, 527,
572, 586, 598 differential equations, 601, 603 540
Law of averages, 333 equations, 191,426,428,436,599 Minimum, 89,96, 505, 508
Law of cooling, 249 programming, 516, 518, 597 constrained, 514-520
Law of cosines, 34, 404, 545, 547 In z, 168, 237, 252 energy, 102
Law of mass action, 261, 264, 265, Loan, 248, 268, 273 test for, 98, 106, 505, 509
267 Local, 21, 91, 146 Mirror image, 167, 231
Lawyer, 269, 455 maximum, 98, 106, 505 Mistake, 56, 213, 288, 359, 467
Leading terms, 85, 191, 221 Log-log, 232, 233, 235 MIT, 99
Leads in ECG,413,415 Logarithm, 167, 228, 246, 252, 258 MM equation, 265, 267
Least squares, 103, 431, 433, 600 approximation, 255, 395 Mixed derivative, 478, 480, 511
Lebesgue, 205 base b and e, 231, 237 Mobius strip, 479, 581, 582, 592
Leibniz, 44, 48, 157, 177, 182, 431 derivative of, 234, 237, 255 Modified Newton, 136
 Index

Modulus, 361 Outer integral, 523 coordinates, 348-351, 464-469,

Moir6, 36 Outside function, 154 500,501,532
Moment, 336,338,416,526,531 graph, 349-356
Moment of inertia, 337, 338, 340, p-series, 378 rectangle, 529
528 Pacemaker, 113,412 Pole, 86
experiment, 339,341,548 Paddlewheel, 591,596 Police, 17
Monopoly, 56 Pappus, 341 Pool, 105,347
Monotonic, 166 Parabola, 17,59,63,122, 127,141, Population, 107, 187, 244, 262
Mountain, 473-475 354,454 Position vector, 446,465, 550, 583
Multiplication, 369, 388 Paraboloid, 317,477 Potential, 342,344,414,544,552
Multiplier, 134, 135, 514,517, 520 Paradox, 163,310,325,360,374, energy, 456,559
Multiply series, 370, 388, 396 501,567 function, 551, 556
Parallel axis theorem, 341 Pound, 342,468
n choose j, 51 Parallel line, 427, 448,453 Power rule, 75, 157
Napoleon, 129 Parallel plane, 408 Power series, 366, 385-396
Natural logarithm, 168, 237, 252 Parallelogram, 399,406,418,425, Preconditioner, 133
Nearest point, 506 533 Present value, 245,273, 274
Necessary, 80 Parameter, 322, 323,326,447,557 President, 10
Needle, 213 Parametric, circle, 23, 350, 449 Pressure, 251, 345,347,478
Nephroid, 356 cycloid, 456 Prime number, 257,381
Network, 613 ellipse and helix, 450 Principal value, 309
New York Times, 268,333 equation, 350,452 Principle of virtual work, 287
Newton, 48, 148,177,265,456, projectile, 454 Prism, 536
470,544,547 surface, 574582 Probability density, 211, 328
corpse and coffee, 250,252 Partial, derivative, 471, 476 Product rule, 72, 77, 283, 587
law, 249,339,344,464,467,606 differential equation, 479,498, Professor, 71,85,171,211,305,381
method, 120, 133-146,153, 171, 571 Profit, 102,104
487-490,5 11 fractions, 240, 262, 30&305,476, -
Program (TI 8l), 41
program, 145 481 autoscaling, 43
Non-independent variables, 502 sum, 374,384,386 cobweb iteration, 132, 133
Nonsingular,427,601 Particular solution, 250,602, 608 Newton's method, 145
Normal, distribution, 238,330-332, Pascal's triangle, 51, 52, 387 numerical integration, 226
532,535 Path independence, 559,594 pieces, 42
equations, 432,433,601 Percentage, 95 secant method, 145
line, 59,481, 489 Perimeter, 218,220, 322,325 Projectile, 453-457
to curve, 555,568 Period, 12,468 Projection, 410,411,415,425,431,
to plane, 407-411, 414,443,481 Periodic, 12, 30, 115, 143, 222,291 432
to surface, 481,483,492,573-581 Permutation, 444 Proof without words, 192, 195
vector, 459,461,462, 573,581 Perpendicular (see Normal), 59, Properties, of integrals, 206-209,
Notation, 45, 157, 188,431 163,403,448,553,600 212
Nullspace, 599,602 Petal, 352,356,359 of logarithm, 229,253
Phase angle, 34, 294 Pump liquid, 345
%,45,65,149, 151,480 A , 213,236,367,371,372 Pure exponential, 363,606
O(Az), 109 Piecewise, 9, 22,41, 167, 170, 563, Pyramid, 314, 346
Odd, 115,207,213 592 Pythagoras, 22,31,411,419,425
Odd numbers, 178 Pilot, 348
Odometer, 1, 3 Pivot, 442,444 Quadratic approximation, 109-111,
One-sided, 83, 86,90 Pixel, 41 255
Open, 89,147 Plane, 77,329,408,422,481,483 Quadratic convergence, 135
Optimization, 516 Planet, 464,466 Quadratic formula, cover, 606
Order of accuracy, 221,609 Plato, 82 Quark, 470
Orientable, 581 Point source, 570 Quotient rule, 74
Orthogonal, 352,533,553 Point-slope, 59, 409 Race to zero, 87
(see Perpendicular) Poisson, 329, 332 Radial field, 551, 553
Oscillation, 12, 22, 24, 607 Polar, angle, 543 Radians, 12, 23, 24, 30
 Index

Radioactive, 244 Russian toast, 234 sin-' y, 172,300

Radius of convergence, 391,393, Singular, 440
394 S-curve, 262,263,305 Sinh z,277, 281
Radius of gyration, 341 Saddle point, 477,509,582 Sink, 246,568
Ramp, 13,159,288 SAT, 330-332 Skew lines, 453
Random, 210-212,329-335 Scalar product, 403 Slices, 312-316,318, 327
Range, 5,43, 165,454 Scale, 34, 118 Slide rule, 229
Rate of change, 5,48, 494 Schwarz inequality, 195, 385, 404, Sliding time, 456
Ratio test, 378, 381, 391 406,519 Slope, 2, 20, 358,494
Rational function, 85, 87, 300, 305 Scientific computing, 274 Sloping asymptote, 115, 120
Ray, 63,105,123-126,352 Screw, 417 Smooth, 321,563
Real part, 363, 389 Seashell, 359, 360 Snail, 353
Rearrange, 84,383 set-'y, 174 Snell's law, 105
Reciprocal rule, 46, 73 Secant, 29,74, 174,257 Socrates, 79, 82
Rectangles, 179-181, 191-193, Secant line, 20,60 Solid of revolution, 314, 317, 542
203-206,523 Secant method, 144146 Source, 246,271,568,570,584,586 .
Red light, 60 Second, degree, 121, 127 Space curve, 446,589
Reduction formula, 287, 290, derivative, 64, 77, 105, 171, 500, Spanning tree, 613-615
292,300 509 Speed, 20,324,449
Reflection, 63, 104, 123-126, 129 difference, 15, 108, 195 Speed of light, 163, 164
Related rates, 161-164 order, 108,222,484,604 Speedometer, 1, 3
Relative change, 54, 95 Self-similar, 143 Sphere, 314,482, 541, 543,577
Relative error, 193, 225 Semilog, 232, 235 Sphere-with-hole, 317, 320
Relativity, 73, 96, 163, 164 Sensitivity, 484, 515, 519 Spherical coordinates, 543, 546,
Remainder, 347,373,392,395 Separation of variables, 260, 603 577
Removable, 86, 153 Sequence, 78,375 Spike (see Delta fcn.), 14, 285, 568
Reordering, 84, 383 Series, 366, 374 Spin field, 550, 551, 558,561, 590
Repeated factor, 303,304 absolutely convergent, 381 Spiral, 324, 353-356, 364, 464,473
Repeated root, 605 alternating, 382 Spline, 288
Repeating decimal, 367, 373 binomial, 394 Square, 218
Repelling fixed point, 131 convergent, 374,383,392 root, 96, 138-141, 578
Rescale, 34, 118, 300 cosine and sine, 386 rule, 48, 50,72
Resonance, 604,608 exponential, 268,378,386 wave, 116, 294
Reverse order, 525 geometric, 195, 366374 Squeeze, 67, 83, 85
Revolution, 314-320,325-328, 542 harmonic, 80, 375-377, 380 Stable, 605,609
Richter scale, 235 Taylor, 386390 Staircase, 15, 325, 343
Riemann, 205,377,570 Serret-Frenet, 463 Stand and Deliver, 285
integral, 203, 206 Shadow, 24,25,162,576,596 Standard deviation, 238,331,332
sum, 202,204 Sharp point, 485 State, 598,611,613
Rings, 217, 315 Shear field, 554,557, 590,591 Stationary point, 98, 99, 505
Rolle's Theorem, 147, 148, 153 Shell, 217,316320,353,545 Statistics, 432, 598
Roller-coaster, 60,494,497 Shift, 118, 158, 198 Steady state, 130, 249, 262, 264,
Root test, 378, 381, 391 Shortest distance, 411, 415, 506 271,272,276
Roots, 302, 360-365, 605 Shortest path, 611, 614,615 Steepest descent, 491, 511
Rotation, 22, 119, 127, 416, 528, Sigma, 188, 194 Steiner problem, 506,507,512,513
550,590 Sign matrix, 439 Step function, 2, 14, 46, 86, 204,
Rough point, 99,505,507 Simple, 86, 563, 565 285,503,598
Row picture, 427,436 Simply connected, 566,567, 573 Stirling's formula, 242, 381
Royal Mint, 125, 467 Simpson's Rule, 193, 223, 540, 611 Stokes' Theorem, 563,589-596
Rules, for derivatives, 71-76 Sine, 12, 23, 29,70, 280, 365 Streamline, 553, 554
for integrals, 196, 198 addition formulas, 32,33,65,291 Stretching, 286,292, 532, 546
for limits, 81, 85 derivative of, 24, 26, 65 Strip, 220,292, 311, 581
numerical integration, 220-227, of n (on cover), 34 Subspace, 599
527,540 series, 70, 387 Substitution, 198-202,240,294-300
Runge-Kutta, 609,611 (sin h) / h, 66, 70 hyperbolic, 298
 Index

successive, 135 Rolle's, 147, 148, 153 Vector, 398, 446

trigonometric, 296, 297 Squeeze, 67, 83, 85 acceleration, 449, 452, 462, 465
Sufficient, 80 Stokes', 592, 596 addition of, 398, 399
Suitcase, 342, 343 Thief, 64, 164 angle between, 404
Sum, 187-197,374 Thousand points, 34 binormal 461, 463
1+ -+ n, 188-190 TI-81, 40-43, 117 (see Program) components, 399
1'+ + n2, 190,192, 195 Tilted square, 527 field, 549, 550-555, 560
1'+ + n3, 192,195 Torque, 339, 341,416,469 normal (see Normal vector)
lp+ + np, 193 Torsion, 463 position, 446, 465, 550, 583
+ + +
1 z * xn-', 16, 85, 368, Torus, 315,327, 358, 582 projection, 410, 411
372 Total derivative, 499 space, 599
Sums and differences, 11, 15, 177, Total differential, 483 tangent, 449,459
190,220 Train, 71, 457 unit, 401, 417, 449, 490, 550
Sun, 356,464,466, 585 Transform, 38, 118,598 velocity, 446, 465, 551
Superattractive, 132 Transient, 249 Velocity, 1, 24, 147, 399, 446, 465,
Supply = demand, 55,272,276, Transpose, 424,601 551
485 Trapezoidal rule, 222,226,275,540 Verhulst, 262
Surface, 325, 397,472, 573 Tree, 613 Vertex, 122, 125, 506
area, 325-328, 358-360, 544, Triangle, 29, 351, 400, 418, 424, Vertical line test, 170
573-578 506 Viewing window, 38,42
integral, 578-582, 584, 592 inequality, 404, 406 Visa, 277
Symbolic computing, 38, 290 Trigonometry, 22, 29-34 Volume, 219, 420, 438, 478, 522
Symmetry tests, 352 Triple chain, 158 by shells, 316, 318
Triple integral, 536, 541, 543, 546 by slices, 312-316, 318
Table, areas and volumes, 317 Triple product, 420, 425 in cylindrical coordinates, 541
inverse trig. functions, 175 Trivial Pursuit, 341 in spherical coordinates, 543,546
of integrals, 196, T-0, cover Trochoid, 457 of a box, 420,421,438
of probabilities, 332 Turning, 550 of a cone, 541
v, tc, N, a, 462 Twepoint form, 60 of an ellipsoid, 539
an-'2, 173,176 of a sphere, 217, 538, 544
Tangent, 29, 74,257,446 of a torus, 315
arrows, 242, 250 Uncle Sam, 268
line, 58, 92, 106, 137 Undetermined coefficients, 247, w (weight-density), 345
plane, 481, 483 608 Waiting time, 211, 332, 335
vector, 459, 494 Uniformly continuous, 205 Washer, 314, 315, 317
'Tax, 9, 15 Unit, 73, 345, cover Wave equation, 479, 503, 598
'Taylor series, 109, 386-390, 511, circle, 278, 351, 363 Wave, 281,397
513 hyperbola, 278 Weather map, 473
'Taylor's formula, 288 step function, 14, 159 Wedge, 219, 295, 319,357,534
Telescope, 178, 195, 380 vector, 401, 402,417,464, Whispering gallery, 125
Temperature, 8, 165,249,473,478, 490,495, 550 Witch of Agnesi, 458
479,499 United Nations, 108, 262 Work, 287, 342, 345, 555, 556, 558,
Tennis, 373 United States, 125, 263, 268 560, 594
'Tensor, 495 Universities (map), 473 Writing, 8, 39, 50, 71, 77, 85
'Terminal velocity, 264, 281 Uphill, 474, 492,496
'Test D, 560, 593, 594
Test H, 570
Upper limit, 188, 202, 215 x,8
Upper sum, 203 xb = bz, 37, 258, 259
'Tetrahedron, 424, 525, 537, 540 y-line, 264, 267, 271
Theorem (see Binomial, Mean Yes-no poll, 332, 333
Value, Fundamental Theorem) Variable, 18, 47, 101, 471 Zeno, 188,374
Extreme Value, 89, 99, 148 Variable endpoints, 215 Zeta function, 377
Intermediate Value, 89, 90, 209 Variance, 332, 335, 337, 532 Zoom, 6,38,42, 117,120