119

The CanadianM ineralo gist

Vol. 35,pp. I 19-133(1997)

GRANITICPEGMATITEFROMOUIRRA,
MANGANOAN.FAYALITE.BEARING
SARDINIA:RELATION ROCKSAND TECTONIC
TO HOSTPLUTONIC AFFILIATION

ELISABETTAPANI

C.N.R, CentroStudi Geominzrarte MineralurgicL c/o DIGITL Univenitd.di Cagliari, Piazznd.'Armi,09123Cagliari, Italy

ROBERTO RTZZO

Dipanimentodi Geoingegneriae TemolagieAnbientali, Universitddi Cagliari, Pia.aa d.'Armi 09123Cagliari' haly

MATIRATIDSEPP

Departmentof Eanh and OceanSciences,63i9 StoresRoa{ The Universityof British Columbia.Vancoaver,

British Colwnbia V6T I 7A

ABSTRACT

Manganoan-fayalite-bearing pegrnatitesoccurat the northernmargin of the Mt. Perdosugranitic pluton in the Quirra region,
southeastSardinia,Italy, in the apicalpart of a more extensivegranitic complex.The granitic massifcomprisespost-orogenic
A-type subsolvusbiotite and biotite-muscoviteleucogranitesand minor monzogranitesof the aluminoustrend emplacedat a
shallowdepthat the endof the Hercynianorogeny.In the studyarea,pegmatitesoccuraslenses,veinlets,andpockes. All of the
pepatitas arehostedin granitic rocks closeto their contactwith metamoryhicrocks,and arecharacterizedby locally abundant
alteredandunalteredmanganoanfayalite, togetherwith quartzandalkali feldspar.Fayaliteoccursaspartly alteredlargecrystals
up to severaltens of cm in size, as smaller,severelyalteredcrystallineaggregates,and as nicrometer-scalg largely unaltered
drop-like inclusionsin quarE. Generally,the alteredcrystalsoffayalite are enclosedin alkali feldspar,againstwhich rims of
biotite, cblorite andmagnetitehavedeveloped.Subhedralto euhedralmagnetite,manganoangrunerite,greenalite,ferripyrophyl-
lite and laihunite are the products of subsolidusalteration of the fayalite. On the basis of geological, mineralogical and
geochemicaldata thasepegmatitesme consideredto be productsof crystallizationof aresidualliquid from a parentmagm4 the
compositionof which can be representedby the leastevolvedgranitic rocks outcroppingin the area

Keywords: granitic pegmatite,manganoaufayalite, A-type granite,Sardinia ltaly.

Sotvrnrans

Nous d6crivonsdesexemplesdepegmatitegranitiquei fayaliteprBsdela bordurenord du pluton granitiquedu montPerdosu,

dansla r€gion de Quirr4 du sud-estde la Sardaigne,en ltalie. 11s'agit de la partie apicaled'un complexegranitiqueplus 6tendu.
Le massif granitiqueest fait de leucogranitespost-orog6niquessubsolvusde type A, i biotite ou i biotite + muscovite,et de
venuesmonzogranitiquesmineures,le tout d6finissantune lign6e hyperalumineuse;cesrochesont 6t6 misesen place i faible
profondeurautermede I'orogen0sehercynienne.Dansla rdgion 6tudi6e,les pep.alites sepr6sententsousforme de lentilles, de
veinules,et de poches,toutes encaiss6es dansdes rochesgranitiquesprds du contactavec desrcchesm6tarnorphiques. Dans
chaquecas,la pegmatitecontientde la fayalite manganifBre,localementabondanteet alt6r6e,avecquartzet feldspathalcalin.La
fayalite seprdsenteen gtos cristauxat[eignantplusieursdizainesde centimdtresde taille, tous partiellenent al€r6s, en agr€gts
plus petits,dont 1'alt6rationestplus avanc6e,et en "goutelettes"g6ndralement non alt6r6esdansle quartz.En g6n6ral,les cristaux
alt6r6s sont encaiss6sdans le feldspath atealin, le long duquel on peut voir un liser€ de biotite, chlorite et magn6tite.Un
assemblage de magndtitesub-idiomorphei idiomorphe,grunedtemanganif re, greenalite, et laihuniter6sulte
de l'altfration subsolidusde la fayalite. A la lumibre desdonn6esg6ologiques,min6ralogiqueset g6ochimiques,cespegnatites
repr6senteraient des produits de cristallisalion d'un liquide r6siduelissu d'un magmaparentaldont la compositionpeut Ctre
repr6sent6e par les granitesles moins 6voludsqui affleurentdanscetter6glon.
(Traduitpar la R6daction)

Mots-cl6s: pegmatitegranitique,fayalite manganif0re,granitede type A, Sardaigne,Italie.

r20 TIIE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST

Moddoleno l.
AXIALZONE N

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Flc. 1. Generalgeology of Sardinia-Geologicalbasenodified after Bralia et aI. (1982). l: Metamorphicrocks. 2: T?o-mica

leucograniteand cordierite-bearinggmnite. 3: Granite, granodiorite aud gneissictonalite. 4: Tonalitic-gabbroicrtuases.
5: Tonalite and tonalitic granodiorite.6: Equigranularmonzograniticbiotite-bearinggranodiorite.7: Biotite- and biotite-
amphibole-bearingmonzograniteand granodiorite.8: Pink biotite-bearingmonzogranite.9: Equigranularbiotite-bearing
monzogranite.10: Pink biotic-bearing leucogranite.1I : Mesozoic,Cenozoicand Quaternarysequences of sedimentaryand
volcanicrocks. 12: Faults.Box outlinesthe areaofFisure 2.
 FAYALITE.BEARING GRANMC PEGMATITE, SARDINIA 121

INTT.ODUCIIoN Axial Zone, where the metamorphic grade rapidly

increasesfrom greenschistto amphibolite facies with
The occurrenceof fayalite in granitic pegmatitesis migmatites.Here, the high thermalgradientsthat were
fairly unusual. More commonlyofayalite occurs in presentduring the post-collisionalevent causedwide-
silica oversaturated to undersaturated spreadanatexisand the emplacementof severalbodies
felsic rocks (Frost
et al. 1988).Fayaliteis associaledwith quara inhighly of syn-tectonicperaluminousgfanitic magma.
evolvedsiliceousvolcanicrocks ffills & Rose(1991), The Sardinianbatholithof Hercyniat age(Ghezzo&
and referencestherein]; phenocrystsof manganoan Orsini 1982) is a typical compositesale-alkalineand
fayalite occurfor instancein pumicefragmentsof high- subordinately peraluminous batlolith that intruded
silica rhyolite from the Timber Mountain Ttrff, in Ne- the metarnorphiccomplex produced by the regional
vada. Fayalite also is typical of metamorphosediron Hercynianmetamorphism(Fig. 1).Most of this batho-
and manganese orebodies. lith was emplacedat a relatively shallow deptft it is
In Sardini4 Mona et al. (1994) re*owlzed fayalite characterizedby two cycles of intrusive events.The
as a primary phase in peralkaline volcanic rocks at fhst cycle yielded syn-and late-tectonictonaliles,
Sulcis, southwesternSardini4 but the only occurrence granodiorites, monzogranitesand leucocratic mon-
found so far from a plutonic environmentis within zogranite infiusions @ralia et aI. 1982); the second
pocket pegmatites in leucograniiesnem Villacidro, cycle is chamcteizedby post-tectonicbiotite-bearing
southwestemSardinia (Lovisato 1900). In this paper, leucogranites(Guaspariet aL 1984a).Accordingto the
we describemanganoan-fayalite-bearing classificationof Chappell& White (1974),Gbezzoand
granitic peg-
mafitesin the Quirra region, southeastemSardinia in Orsini (1982) proposedthat the Sardinianbatholith is
'of'-Op", and, subordinately,
which fayalite @curs as partly altered large crystals, characterizedmainly by
'S"-type plutonic rocks. Also, these features distin-
as severely altered crystalline aggtegates,and as
micrometer-scale guish the Sardinianbatholith from the other European
largely unaltereddrop-like inclusions
in quartz. [n addition, we describethe relation of the Hercynianbatholiths,which seemto be predominanily
pegmatitesto their plutonic host-rocks,post-orogenic of o'S"-g4re@tcher 1979),althoughthe abundanceof
Hercynian subsolvus biotite leucogranitesof the the I-type granitic bodiesis quite considerable@inger
Mt. Perdosumassif.Thesegranitic rocls characteristic- & Steyrer 1990). However, in our study area, the
ally containfayalite and biotite, and are of a chemical Mt Perdosugraniticmassifexhibitschemicalcharact€r-
composition that is similar to A-t,?e post-orogenic istics more like thoseof A-type post-orogenicalkaline
alkaline granitic suite.sof the aluminoustrend @onin granitic suitesof the aluminousnend @onin 1990).
1990).Theserocks also have chemicalcharacteristics
similaxto topaz-bearingrhyolites @onceet aL 1993).A EpsRtruB.trALME"ffIoDs
detailed account of the crystallization history of the
fayalite, andits subsequent hydrothermalalterationand Electron-probemicro-analysesof fayalite (Iable l)
weathering,is describedelsewhere@an et al. L994, were doneon a fully automaJed CAMECA SX-50 mi-
Raudsepp et al., tnptep.). croprobe, operating in the wavelengfh-dispersion
mode,with the following operatingconditions:excita-
Grorocrcer, SsI]TlIc or SARD[,[A tion voltage 15 kV, beam current 20 nA, peak count

The geologyof Sardiniais characterizedby various

sedimentaryand magmaticcycles ranging ftom eady MICROANALYSBS
OFELBCTRON.PROBE
TABLB 1. SELECIED RBSTJLTS
OFMANGANOAN FAYALITB, QUTRRASARDINIA
Paleozoicto Recentin age@ig. 1). The Paleozoiccrys-
talline basementgives its fundamentalstucture to the
Hercynian orogenic cycle (Carmignani etal. L992), SiO2 wt.7o 29.83 29.M 29.58 29,59 3057
which developedby intensedeformation,by synkine- Feo 63.17 &.49 61.80 52.14 57,23
matic metamorphism,and by an important postcolli- Mgo 1.15. 1.23 0.63 O,U o23

sional,mainly infrusivemagmaticcycle. The Sardinian MnO 5:16 537 7J9 18.50 ll.4'l

crystallinebasementrepresentsa segmentof the south- Torsl 9.91 1m.13 99.80 l@.47 99.50

EuropeanHercynianChain. Nuber of iw oa thebsis of 4 O

The structuralfabric of the crystalline basementis si 1.00 0.98 l.m 1.00 1.03
characterizedby three belts, referred to as External Fgl 1.78 t.82 t.75 t.47 l.6t
Zone, Nappe Zone, and ArtaI Znne, with a NW-.SE Mg 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.0r

trend,anda SW to NE zoningwithrespectto metamor- Mn 916 0.15 i,

0J3
phic grade.Thesebeltsrepresenta t€ctonometamorphic Total 3.00 3.m 3.@ 3.00 2.57

zoning developedfrom a low-grade sub-greenschist l. Fsyaliteftom ualtsred @rc of largcrcnedoystsl,

faciesto the greenschistfacies(movingfrom the Exter- 2. Fayaliteftm ualter€d pan of sra[q @!ed cry$81.
3. Drctrlike fayaliE froo @Epcite agigregFle.
nal to the Nappezone).The highestgrademeta:norphic 4. DrotrliLe fayaliteftom @npositeagigregple.
sequence, intuded by lafe Hercynianmagmas,is in the 5. Droplike feyaliteftom NiarDd leu@gmite.
122 TTIE CANADIAN MINERAL@IST

quartz,orthocla$e, andalbite(Hfut1991).Bucla(1993)
QIIIRRA FAYALIIE.BEARING CRANTIC ROCKS described fayalite from coarse-grainedpegmatitic
Qll L7 Q%B Q18
ohests" 15-25 cm in diameter occurring with basic
SiO2 wtqo 75,69 ?< at 75.36 76.73 n30 enclavesin a monzograniticintrusionofHercynian age;
TiO2 0.11 0.06 0.04 0.05 o.g2 0.03
Alror 13.11 t2.68 t3.71 t2,70
here the fayalite is found as anhedralto euhedralpris-
n,n
FezQ* 1.46 t.69 1.10 1.40 0,97 1.06 matic crystalsmeasuring4 X 6 mm. Palache(1950)
MtrO O.O1 o,l2 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 summarizedthe occurrenceof fayalite at four localities
MgO 0.16 0.03 0.01 0.01 <d"1. < d"l. at CapeAnn, Massachusetts. Although all of the fay-
cao O.n 0.65 o 0.v o.2l o23
NazO 3.56 3.05 3.60 3.20 4.18 3.68
alite is found in various granitic pegmatites,the evi-
KrO 4.58 4.E2 5.01 4.86 4.M 5.00 dencepresentedsuggeststhat the pegmatitesare not
PzOr 0.03 o.a2 0.01 o.g2 o.v2 0.01 relatredto the Rockportgranite,but are xenolithsprob-
L.O.l. 0.56 o.v2 0.66 0.71 0.48 ably relatedto an earlierfayalite-bearingquartz-bearing
Total 100.10 1m.05 9.89 100.08 100.20 l@.19
syenite.
CI"P.W. omstive miseBk
In southeastern Sardinina bodiesof fayalite-bearing
35.19 38.75 3?.05 35.23
Cm O.Yz l.l3 2,41 1.5'7 1.26 1.44
granitic pegmatiteoccur at the northwestemmargin of
Or n.l9 2924 29.7t 8.82 .@ 29.68 the Mt. Perdosumassif @g. 2); the largest and most
Ab 30.t2 25.81 30.46 27.U 35.37 31.t4 differentiatedarebestexposedin an erosionalwindow
Ao 3J3 3 0.00 t,a o.94 1.08
A"Sr t.gl 1.10 t.2t t.l4 l.l1 1.12
@igs. 2, 3) cutting through the overlying Ordovician-
Silurian metasedimentaryrocks into which the
A.S.I. = almina satmtim index(Alrqy(CaolNa2olK2o)i 3!ot8lirotr I Fe2o3.
Mt. Perdosumassifhad beenintruded.Smallerbodies
of pegmatite also occur scatferednear the northern
contact between the metasedimentaryrocks and the
main exposureof the massif (Figs. 2, 3). The absolute
time 20 s, backgroundcount time 10 s, beamdiameter age of the pegmatiteshas not been determined,but
1 trrm.Data reductionwas done with the "PAP" Q(p! field, minsplogical and geochemicaldata suggest
method @ouchou& Pichoir 1985). For the elements that they are post-orogenicand closely related to the
soughgthe following standards, X-ny lines and crystals Hercynianleucogranites.
were used:syntheticMg2SiOa,MgKcr, TAP; synthetic The pegmatitesoccur aslenses,veinletsandpocket-
Fe2SiOa,SiKtr, TAP, FeKoc,LIF: syntheticMnSiO3, shapedbodies.All arehostedby tle granitecloseto the
MnKoq LIF. The following elementswere soughtbut contact with the metasedimentaryrocks, which sug-
not detected:Na, A1, C4 Cr, Ni. geststhat the pegmatitescrystallizedin the upperpart
of the cupolaof the host pluton (Fig. 3). Two types of
Whole-rock major-elementanalyses(Table 2) were pegmatitebodies are exposed:(i) a large lens-shaped
done by X-ray fluorescencespectromety usirig the body with partly alteredcrystalsof manganoanfayalite
fusion method.FeO was determinedusing ammonium ("main" pegmatile,Fig. 3, Unit 8); (ii) numeroussmall,
metavanadate analyses(Iable 3)
titation Trace-element variously shapedbodieswith or without fayalite, and a
were doneby fusion-mode coupledplasma
- massspecfrometry;the concentationof Li wasestab- subhorizontalpegmatiticfacies, a grain-sizevariation
of the granitic pluton (ooothet'o pegmatites, Fig. 3,
Iishedusing total digestion.
Units 5, 6, 7). Selectedresultsof electron-probemicro-
analysesof manganoanfayalite from the pegmatites
TsxlrRAL ANDCovposmoNer DETArr,s andhost granitic rocks are given in Table 1.
CoNcsRNtrtcfifi FAvALmEANDrrs
ALTtsRATToN h.oDucrs Mainpegmatiu

The manganoan-fayalite-bearing granitic pegmatites The lens-shapedmain pegmatite(Fig. 3, Unit 8) is

consideredhere are similar in mineralogicalaspectsto found in the fine-grainedleucogranite(Frg. 3, Unit 3),
those previously describedin the literature. Janeczek tends northwest-southeast, measures20 X 60 m, and
(1989) outlined in detail the multi-stagehydrothermal contains abundant large crystals and crystalline
alterationof anhedralfayalite (up to 9 cm in diameter) aggegatesef manganoanfayalite. The contactwith the
from unzonedschlierenpegmatitesup to 0.5 m wide in wallrock is generallystaight and sharp,but is locally
biotite-hornblendeHercynian granite near Sfizegom, complexly contortedand diffrrse. Also presentin the
Lower Silesia. The fayalite there is surroundedby main pegmatiteis microcline,albite,quartz,andbiotite.
microcline, has a manganoangreenalite- magnetite Muscoviie occursas aggegate,sof fine crystalsor fills
rim, and a manganoangrunerite- magnetite- man- fractures,mainly in quartzand alkali feldspar.
ganoanminnesotaiteouter zonein a stilpnomelane-or Abundant occlurencesof manganoanfayalite are
$eenalite-rich groundmass.In the fayalite-bearing found along the upper part of the pegmatitein tlree
pegmatitesfrom ttre Sawtoothbathotth, centralldaho, typical habits: (i) spectacularlarge anhedralto subhe-
fayalite occurs as euhedralcrystals intergrown with dral single crystals or composite groups of a few
 FAYALITE.BEARING GRAN]TIC PEGMATITE SARDINIA t23

individuals up to 15 X 30 cm in size enclosedby of fayalite also occur in the quartz of the host leu-
microcline and variously alteredby subsolidus,hydro- cograniteadjacentto the pegpatite bodies.
thermal and weatheringprocesses@gs. 4.A',B); (ii) Although someof the largecrystalsof fayalite seem
smaller, more or less completely altered irregular to be aggregates, the best exampleof this type is opti-
aggregatesof severalcrystalsup to a few cm in size cally continuousin all ofits unalteredpartsandappears
enclosedby microcline (Fig. 4C); (iii) micrometer- to have been a single subhedralcrystal imbeddedin
scaledrop-like inclusionsin quartzin compositeaggre- microcline (Frg. A). The degreeof alteration of the
gates consisting of biotite, chlorite, quartz, and rare larger crystals(15 x 30 cm range)is controlledby the
muscovite(Fig. 4D). Notably, such dropJike crystals size of the crystaloits cleavageand by fractures.The

TABLE 3. TRACE.ELEMENTCHEMICAL COMPOSMON OF SELECTEDQTJIRRA

FAYALIE.BEARING GRANMC ROCKS
Qll L7 Q23t3 Q10 Q18 Qze
Ni ppm 5.0 t2.0 13.0 2t.o 8.0 2l.o
Pb 44.0 66.0 32.0 40.0 65.0 80.0
7^ 57.0 131.0 94.0 t14.0 39.0 146.0
Bi < d.l. o.4 < d.l. 0.1 4.7 0.5
Sn 7.0 15.9 7.4 3.8 9.2 ZL.9
w 1.4 2.7 0.9 l.J 2.8 2.2
Mo 23 3.3 4.0 2.2 2.5
Rb n7.2 410.9 245.4 240.0 309.6 341.5
Cs 4.3 4.3 2.8 3.4 2.8 3.6
Ba 2@2 467.9 96.6 105.4 30.9 53.8
Sr 38.8 25.5 31.5 16.9 9.4 l1.l
Tl t.7 3.4 2.1 2.0 1.8 3.0
Ga 19.0 22.O 2t.o 2r.0 24.0 23.0
Li 151.0 120.0 36.0 3'1.0 28.0 32.0
Be 7.0 3.0 2.0 10.0 3.0
Ta 2.9 1.0 6.5 4.8
l\Ib 1?.9 14.3 7.9 15.1 23.2 19.2
IIf 3.8 4.0 2.1 3.4 3.6 4.5
Zt 88.6 80.1 37.1 63.9 n.2 68.4
Th 23.2 29.4 18.0 29.6 21.8 25.5
u 6.5 5.6 4.0 12.7 7.4 11.1
Y 65.5 83.2 24.8 4.6 103.8 81.9
IA 23.5 17.4 t2.o 13.2 15.1 13.9
Ce 53.0 41.8 26.1 31.0 35.8 34.0
Pr 6.3 4.4 2.7 5.2 5.3 3.6
Nd 26.6 25.4 l).J 18.3 25.t 20.r
Sm 8.8 8.4 4.3 5.9 11.8 7.3
Eu 0.40 0.18 0.32 0.20 0.03 0.10
Gd 8.8 9.2 4.5 7.2 14.5 9.3
Tb 2.0 1.9 0.8 1.5 3.4 1.9
Dy lO.2 12.8 4.5 10.2 17.8 t3.4
Ho 2.2 2.6 0.9 2.1 3.8 2.8
Er 7.1 6.J 2.8 6.6 t2.3 8.7
Tm 1.2 t.4 0.4 1.1 2.0 1.4
Yb 7.4 9.3 2.7 6.8 13.6 9.8
Lu l.l 1.5 0.4 l.l 1.9 1.6
'REE 158.6 144.8 77.7 108.4 to.4 rn.g
'-RBE 118.6 97.5 60.7 71.8 93.1 79.0
XIREE 4O.O i1 a 36.6 69.3 48.9
(Irsm)n 1.7 t.3 1.8 1.4 0.8 1.2
(GtVLu)1 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.8 1.0 o.7
(Lallu)n 2.2 t.2 3.0 1.2 0.8 0.9
Nby'Ta 4.2 6.0 7.9 6.3 3.6 4.0
Ga/Al 2.7 J.J 2.9 3.0 3.5 J.J

n.d. = not determined; d.l. = detection Iimit.

rz4

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+ N

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+
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iiiitith 0 1km

Ftc. 2. Geological sketch map of Mt Perdosugranitic massif and the fayalite-bearingpegmatites.1. Ordovician-Silurian
metasedimentaryrocks. 2. Granitic rocks. 3. Greisen.4. Pegmatites.5. Basic subvolcanicdikes. 6. Hydrothermallodes.
7. Faults.8. Recentalluvial deposits.Box outlinesfhe areaofFigure 3.

largestcrystalexhibitsthreeprimary zones:core,inter- biotite is deformedand mixed with very fine-grained,

mediate zone, and rim (Fig. 4B). The core is clear, Fe-rich red-brownto opaquemica-like material.At the
colorlessto pale yellow fayalite, invariably optically boundarywith, and in some casesextendinginto the
continuous,andwith sparselyscatteredenclosedaggre- intermedialezone,ferripyrophyllite occursas anhedral
gatesofgrunerite + magnetitet greenalitethat areleast dark yellow, nonpleocbroicgrains.Subhedralmaguet-
abundantat the core. Along well-developedcleavages ite and anhedral quartz grains also occur scattered
and nearfractures,the fayalite is of a darkeryellow to throughoutthe rim.
pale reddish brown color due to oxidation. Locally,
The intermediatezolliecomprisesthe major part of
thereareveinsfilled with greenalite,calciteandFe-rich the crystal, and is generallyconcenfficabout the core
sphalerite.The Mn contentof theunalteredcore,having (Fig. 4B). However, becauseof a major fracture,
the struc0ral formula(Fer"8lvlgb.06Mrb.ro)Sir.mOa,
varies the intermediate zone cuts tle core into two parts
between5 and 6 wt.7oMnO (Table l, No. 1). (Ftg. 4B). The intermediatezoneconsistsessentiallyof
The rim consistsmainly of various phyllosilicate micrometer-scaleintergrowthsof laihunite,iron oxides
minerals,of which a:rhedralgreento pale brown-green and hydroxides. In some previous studies (e.9.,
to dark brown-greenpleochroicbiotite [Fe/@e+ Mg) = Janeczek1989), this material has been describedas
0.851is the most abundant.At the outermostedge,the '1ddingsite".We havepositively identified the bulk of
 FAYALITE.BEARING GRANMC PEGMATITE. SARDINIA 125

N N 8

t lol 7

l\l 6

+
+
+
ffi 5

+
+ 4
+ |...!...!..!...!g

f+ +l
3
L***J
Q29 2
f-----11
Q18
- d ++
+\ + ++++
+ +++ ++++ + tl
+O+ +++ ++++ +
+ +++ ++++ + ++ 200 m
++ +++ ++++ + ++

Ftc. 3. Detailedgeologyof thepegmatitelocality, showingsamplelocations.Hostrocks: 1. Ordovician-Silurianmetasedimentary

rocks. 2. Medium-grainedleucogranite.3. Fine-grainedleucogranite.4, Greiser! pegmatites,5. "Othet'' euhedralquartz,
alkali feldsparpepatite facies.6. 'Othet'' 6 X 11 m lens-shapedpegmatite.7, 'Ottret'' alteredfayalite-bearingpegmatites.
8.'Main" fayalite-bearingpegmatite.

the alterationproduct to be laihunite from X-ray dif- content of unalteredparts of the intermediatezone is
fraction and electron-probemicro-analysis.The pres- similar to that of the core, varying between 5 and
ence of significant Fd* in fayalite from a variety of 6wt.%oMnO.
rocks (including granitic pegmatite)dueto finely inter- Inegular aggregatesof fayalite occur also only in
grown laihunite has been documentedby others (e.9.,
microcline,and areprobably smallerequivalentsof the
Schaefer1983,1985).
large crystals describedabove @g. 4C). Their mor-
Near the rin the intermediatezone containsabun- phology and mineralogy are different by virtue of
dant magnetitewith small grains of quartz, and large, severeto completealteration of a smaller volume of
irregular patchesof brown-stainedbut generallycolor- primary malerial. Thesegrey to dark greento brown
less grunerite.Further away from the rinc, gruneriteis aggregatesare also chwactoized by a rim of biotite,
presentonly as isolated acicular and prismatic grains, mixedwith chloriteandmagnetite.Becauseof the small
generally with magnetite, miasl quartz and rare sizeofthe aggegates, the alterationassemblages arenot
greenalite.The contactwith the core is very iregular, zoned as in the large crystals,but consist of complex
but showsclearly that the alterationof the fayalite was mixtures of some relatively unalteredfayalite (rare),
controlled by the fractures and its cleavage.The Mn laihunite, iron oxides and hydroxidesnot yet defined
126

magnetite,gunerite, greenalite,plus phasesnot relaled The Mg contentof drop-like fayalite in both the aggre-
to fayalite, such as kaolinite and unidentified clays. gates and granitic rocks is significantly lower (about
Typical bulk Mn contentsvary between3 ard 9 wt.Vo 0.24.6 wt.VoMgO) than those of the larger crystals
MnO. (about1.2 wt.VoMgO).
Mcrometer-scaledrop-like inclusionsof fayalite in
quartz are found in compositeaggregatesconsisting Otherpegmatites
essentiallyof biotite, chlorite, quartz,and rare musco-
vite @ig. 4D). The MnO contentof individual inclu- Numerous small veins, pockets and lens-shaped
sions of fayalite, in round to amoeboidgrains, varias bodies (1-11 m in length) of pegmatite are found
between7 and l9Vo,i.e., muchmore andmore variable within about600 m of tle main pegmafile.Someoccur
than the fayalite describedabove (fable 1). Most of adjacentto the main pegmatiteand are exposedby the
these drop-like inclusions of fayalite are monominer- erosionalwindow in the metamorphicrocks; othersare
alic; some,however,have magnetiteand greenaliteat at the contactbetweenthe massifand the metamorphic
the fayalito-quartzboundaryGie. 5A). Thesedrop-like rocks to the south@igs.2, 3).
inclusions provide the clearestevidenceof magmatic Nearthe greisenfaciesat thenorthwestmarginof the
crystallizationof the fayalite.Drop-like crystalsof fay- main pegmatite(Fig. 3), there is a subhorizontalpeg-
alite in quaftzin the associatedgranitic rocls alsohave matitic facies,which is developedas a grain-sizevari-
highMn content,aboutl2wt.VoMnO (fable l, No.5). ation of the granitic pluton; it comprisesmassivequartz

Fro.4. A. Typical largecrystalsof fayalite in potassiumfeldspar.Scalecardmarkedin cm. B. Photographof cut surfacethrough

the centerof a typical largecrystalof fayalite (30 cm long) showingtheunalteredcore(palegrey),partly to completelyaltered
intermediatezone (dark grey to black), and micaceousrim (mostly missing). Note the fracture-controlof the degreeof
alteration,andveins of calcite, greenaliteand sphalerite(palegrey to white). C. Altered irregular aggregateof fayalite with
a rim of dark mica-Coin is about2 cm in diameter.D. Back-scatteredelectronimageof drop-like fayalite inclusions(white)
in quartz(grey)from compositequafiz - biotite - chlorite aggegate.Scalebar: 100 pm.
 FAYALITE-BEARING GRANMC PEGMATITE. SARDINIA IN

FrG.5. A. Back-scatteredelectronimageof drop-like fayalite 0ight gey) with magnetite(white) andgreenalite(mediumgrey)

includedin quartz(dark grey). Scalebac 1@ Um.B. Back-scatteredelectronimage of magnetite(white) + quartz(medium
gey) and secondaryiron oxides and hydroxidgs(hght greg in aggregatefrom 6 X 1l m'bthey''pegmatite. Scalebar:
2@rtm.

and large euhedralcrystals(>10 cm), microcline, and magnetite+ grunerite intergrowthsalso contain fine-
irregular aggregates(up to 10 cm) of alterationprod- grainedgrunerite+ magnetitesymplectite.
ucts after fayalite. The.seaggregatesarecomplexinter-
growths of magnetite+ grunerite + qtJartzscattered GSOI-OGY AND GEOCffiVflSlRY OF T{E
tbroughouta groundmassthat has a compositioniden- Assocrarno Gnermc Rocrs
tical to tlat of fayalite. In the pegmatite,the quartz is
presentboth as euhedralcrystals(>10 cm) perpendicu- In general,the Quirra granitesbelongto the Mo-W
lar to the projectedcontactrvith t}teoverlyingmetasedi- specializedSardinianleucograniteswts (Ghezzoet al.
mentaryrocks and as anhedralmasses. 1981,Guasparriet al. 1984b).The Mt. Perdosumassif
The largestof the "othet'' pegmatitesis a 6 X 11 m comprisesplutonsof post-orogenicmonzogfanitesand
lens-shapedbody at the contactbefweenmetamorphic leucogranites,which were emplacedat a shallowlevel
rocks andfine-grainedleucogranite@ig. 3). The major in the crust in a distensiveregime at the end of the
mineralsaremassivemicroclineandeuhedralquartzup Hercynian orogeny @iste 1979, BraJia et al. 1982,
to 10 cm in diarneter.Scatteredfhroughoutthe micro- Guasparriet al. 7984a).All of thesegranitic rocks and
cline are aggregatesof intergrown magnetite+ quartz related pegmatitesinftuded the Ordovician-Silurian
(4-5 cm in size).The magnetiteoccurswith two habits: metasedimentary rocksbelongingto the Gerreitectonic
skeletalintergrowthswith porousquartz,and anhedral units (Camignani et al. 1986);they are now generally
to subhedral crystals embeddedin larger, massive metamorphosed to hornfelsesand skam-typefacies.
quafi (Fig. 5B). The quartz-magnetiteintergrowths The portion of theMt. Perdosumassifexposedin the
containabundantsecondaryiron oxidesin fracturesand erosionalwindow has a well-definedvertical zoning in
filling cavities.The magnetite-quartzaggregates in this texture and mineralogy (Fig. 3). The most internal
pegmatitecontainno materialthat appearsto be altered leucogranite is typically medium- to coarse-gmined
fayalite. subsolvusbiotite leucogranite(Fig. 3, Unit 2), which
The othersmall veins,pocketsandlens-shaped bod- gradesinto a fine-grainedfacies toward the external
ies of pegmatiteup to 3 m long are similar in mineral- part of the pluton (Fig. 3, Unit 3), together with a
ogy. Quartzandfeldspararethemain constituents,with greisen-typefacies @ig. 3, Unit 4) where muscovite
scatteredmagnetite+ quartzand magnetite+ quartz + predominatesover biotite @iste 1979). Upward, the
grunerite aggregatesup to 5 cm long and similar to samefine-grainedleucogranitegradesinto a subhori-
those describedabove.Locally, unidentifiedmica-like zontal pegmatitic facies characteized by euhedral
minerals (probably clays and ferripyrophyllite) and quartz crystals (>10 cm) perpendicularto the contact,
mixtures of iron oxides and hydroxidesare abundant togetherwith massivemicrocline (Fig. 3, Unit 5). The
productsof weathering.Someof the aggregates arerich last stage of consolidationof the gfanitic magma is
in fayalite, now alteredto a mixture of laihunite and representedby the emplacement of the pegmatite
various oxides and hydroxides.Notably, some of the bodies@g. 3, Units 6,7, 8).
t28 TIIE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST

3
Metaluminous Peraluminous
A 6
B
g
*15
o o,
Y Y
+
tto o
z
(! t'.
rg\
+rt \
z
.U
-/
=r
! o
-3
Peralkaline

0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

(molar)
Al2Os/(CaO+Na.O+KrO)

uJ
F
IIJ t,
J o
F z
z o
I
o
P P
o
crl tf

Cs Ba U Nb Ce Nd Zr EuGd Y Yb LaCe Pr Nd Sm Eu GdTb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

RbTh K La Sr Hf SmTi Dy Er Lu

K2ORb Ba Th Ta Nb Ce t4 Zr Sm Y Yb

Ftc. 6. Chemical characteristicsof Quira granites using A. Total alkah versus silica plot (IAS) (Middlemost 1994) (.
medium-grainedleucogranite,r fine-grained leucogranite, I medium grained leucograniteassosiatedwith greisen"V
fine-grainedleucograniteassociatedwith main pegmatite,+ fine-grainedleucograniteassociatedwith euhedralquartz,alkali
feldsparpepatite facies).B. aluminasaturariondiagram(Maniar & Piccoli 1989).Symbolsasfor Figure 6A. C. himitive-
mantle-normalizationdiagram(Sun 1982)(. Ql1, + Q10, r Q29, tr Q18, I L7,f Q2313).D. Chondrite-normalized REE
patferns[normalizationvaluesafter Evensenet al. (1978)]. Symbolsas for Figure 6C. E. Ocean-ridge-granite-normalize<l
elementpafiems@euce et al. 1984).Symbolsasfor Figure 6C.
 FAYALITE.BEARING GRANMC PEGMATITE. SARDINIA r29

The mineralogy (compositions determined by negative Eu anomaly, likely due to fractionation of

elecfron-probemicro-analyses)of the granitesassoci- mainly feldsparor Eu-bearingaccessoryminerals[e.9.,
ated with the pegmatitesconsists mainly of quartz, monazite-(Ce)1.
microcline (Orsr-ee)with or without an obviousperthi- In the tectonic discrimination plot (Fig. 6E) on
tic texture,plagioclase(Anrs-t, biotite [Fe/(Fe+ Mg) which compositionsare normalizedto ORG @earce
in the range 0.81-0.95; A1.r in the range 3.2-5.3 et al. L984),theQuirraleucogranitesshowageochemi-
(n qj and minor muscovite.Accessorymineralsin- cal affinity with granites belonging to collisional
clude fayalite, zircon, apatite,fluorite, rarely sphalerite geodynamicenvironments.However,thereis a signifi-
and other sulfides, niobian rutile, xenotime-(lO and cative shift of someelementsfrom the generalpattem.
monazite-(Ce).In the total alkali versussi\ca diagram In particular,Ba (especiallyfor samplesQ18 andQ29)
(Fig. 6A), the Quirra suite plots within the mon- is relatively depletd Sm, Y and Yb are enriched,and
zogranitefield. Di $imFlicio et al. (1974),Bralia et al. Ta and Nb show slight enricbment.Theseshifts canbe
(L982), and Guasparriet al. (1984a)consideredthese explained by the fact that crystal fractionation was
rocks to be leucograniticowing to their low contentof probably an important mechanismin the genesisof
mafic minerals(modal contentof biotile <5 vol.Vo). fhesegranites,during which Ba depletionwas caused
Resulr of major- and tace-element whole-rock by the fractionationof feldspar,andthe Sm, Y and Yb
analyses,and nomative mineralogy of representative enrichmentwas a result of incorporationinto minerals
samplesof each granitic facies, are given in Tables rich in theseelements[e.g.,xenotime-(Y)]. Ta and Nb
2 and 3. These rocks are characterizedby high enrichmentscan be explainedby the lack of fractiona-
SiO2contents (>75 wt.Vo),lowCa (<0.81wt.7oCaO), tion of a phasethat hoststheseelements(e.9.,niobian
N(<L3.77 ttrt.VoAJ2O)andhigh FeO6/MgO(8-140) rutile).
and high alkali abundances(Na2O+ K2O in the range Most of the samplesdisplaygeochemicalfeaturesof
7.72-4.68 fi.7o). Moreover,ttrey areperaluminous,as '\vithin-plate" granites(Figs.7A, B), andin generalall
shown by their position on the alumina saturation of them plot in the field of the "post-collisional' gran-
diagramof Maniar & Piccoli (1989)@ig. 6B), together ites. The observeddepletionofhigh field-strengthele-
with normative corundum contents(0.71-2.52 tttt.Vo, ments (IIFSE) in samples from the granitic facies
Table 2). associatedwith the main and subhorizontal
Trace-elementconcentrationsin these granites are pegmatites(Fig. 3), sffis their positionsto the VAG +
characleristicof a generallyhigh degreeof fractiona- syn-COLG field. This sffi could be attributed to a
tion. Selectedsamplesrepresentativeof the granitic 'dilution" of these elementsby a "pegmatite effect"
faciesareplottedon spiderdiagrams(Frg.6). Ba andSr from a possibleloss of a volatile phase,as also pro-
contentsarevery low @ig. 6C, Table 3), exceptfor the posedby Parce et al. (1984).Evidenceof this effect is
medium-grainedleucogranitefacies (Ql1, Fig. 3, Unit found in the presenceof fluorite crystalsenclosedby
2) andfor the associatedgreisenfacies(L7, Fig. 3, Unit plagioclaseand quartz in most of the granite samples,
4). This is to be expected,asthey areprobablyderived and by the occurrenceof fluorite with sulfides (e.9.,
from an eadier,lessdifferentiatedfacies.Furthermore, sphalerite,pyrite, chalcopyrite,galena)in the mainpeg-
Cs (<12 ppm), Rb (<456 ppm), and U (<14 ppm) matite samples.The "within plate' featuresare typical
(Fig. 6C, Table 3), and Be (<10 ppm) and Li of A-type ganites (Loiselle & Wones lpl!, Q6llins
(<181ppm) (Iable 3) arerelatively high. et al. 1982,Whalen et al. 1987,Eby 1990, 1992).To
In spiteofboth the highly fractionatedandperalumi- test whether our granitic rocls belong to the A-type
nous characterof the magmasfrom which theseleu- suite,compositionswereplotted on discriminationdia-
cogranitescrystallized,concentrationsof the rare-earth grams@igs.7C,D,E: Fig. 8) tlat makeuseof certain
elements(REE) are low (total REE it the range combinationsof major andfiace elements(e.9.,Whalen
33-190 ppm). All the samplesare slightly enrichedin et al. 1987,Eby 1990).Accordingto Eby (1990),the
the light rare-earthelements(L,REE)comparisonto the effective dlscriminant betweenA-type and I- and S-
heavy rare-earthelements(HPEE) Cfable3). In a plot type granitic rocks is the FeOr/MgO versz.sSiO2dia-
of chondrite-normalized abundances(Fig. 6D), the gram. In our samples,the FeO./IvIgO value is in the
REE fractionation among the selectedsamplesof the range8-140, and they plot in the A-type field on Fig-
granitic facies is evident; the more depletedfrend is ure 7C. Eby (1992) distinguishedtwo sub-groupsof
shownby the granitesampleintimately associ*edwith A-type graniteson the basisof Y/l'{b ratio. The Y/I'{b
the main pegmatite;also, the LREE ard HREE frac- ratio in thesesamplesis in the rarge 1.44.7, andthey
tionation is not pronounced,as well indicated by plot in the Az-t1rpefield (Figs. 7D, E). Furthennore,
(LalSm)o,(Gd/Lu)" and (Lall-u)o values (0.8-1.7, accordingto the Fl versusF2 major-elementdiscrimi-
0.7-1.3, and 0.8-3.0, respectively:Table 3). The flat nant functions of Ponce et al. (L993), these leu-
REE pattemsindicate that there was little or no frac- cogranitesare derivedfrom parentmagmasthat canbe
tionation of REE-bearingminerals,andthatLREE- and relatedto thoseof topaz-bearingrhyolites (Fig. 7D.
IlREE-selectivephasesare both present@izzo et al. An examinationof the behavior of Ga/Al, Zr, Nb,
1996). Furthermore,all samplesshow a pronounced Ce, Y and various major-elementratios (Figs. 8A-L)
130 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST

1000
B
WPG a
...
100 a

co. 100
g
-o
E
o.
o- .'i.
cr z VAG +
I

10 syn-coLG
ORG

10 't00
Y (ppm)

l
L,

*
$ roo YY-
Vt
A-type lrV
oo
LL

10
.."'ti'-
t-t \
l- andS-type Az-tyoerll. tr
* ,_- ]. -
60 65 70 75 80
si02

1000
t
rF
E ,'
r Topaz Rhyolites
Peralkalinet

o
z
-o ,-
- --* '-
V
Rhyolites \

( ''i.#i .-;-.

tr ,' .t.#i '.

.! I
-tl t' \--,, I
--l I I
,l t
I ' ta
at I
t. A2'lYPe -.' , \.' .'
,'
r A1-type.r-----.' r' catcafaline
Rhyolites
ta I

1 0
YINb F1

FIc. 7. A, B. Rb varszsY + Nb and Nb versasY tectonic discriminationdiagrams@earceetal. 1984) (VAG, volcanic arc
granites;syn-COLG,syn-collisionalgranites;WPG, within-plategranites;ORG,ocean-ridgegranites).C. FeO*/1VIgO rersas
Sio2diagram@by 1990).The dashedline representsthe field of the I- and S-typegranites.D. Y-Nb-4a*3 diagram@by
1992)(4l-fype, anorogenicrifting-phasetectonic settings;Az-typ, postorogenictectonic settings).E. Rbn{b yersasYAllb
diagram @by 1992) (Al-fype, anorogenicrifting-phase tectonic settings; A2-type, postorogenictectonic seftings).F.
Fl versusF}major-elementdiscriminantfunctions @onceeta\.1993), showingfields forcalc-alkaline,peralkalineandtopaz
rhyolites.Ellipsesencloseareasin which 957oofthe type samplesplot. Symbols:asfor Figure 6A.
 FAYALITE.BMRING GRANITIC PEGMATITE. SARDINIA 1,31

showsthat the chemicalcompositionsof thesegranites lower contentof sometraceelemenls(especiallyZr and

are consistentwith the compositionsof the subsolvus Ce) than the A-type granitesof the peralkalinetend
postorogenicA-t)"e granitesof the aluminoustend, (Bonin 1988, 1990).
although the Quira granites ue chwactpized by a

1000
A o
@
c
o o *r
t{.
f roo Broo {
E
oo
vta dt
z
Jt. 3
o
var

Il 10
FG a
+
d10
FG E 't ro
l.'
5 OGT I
OGT I
1L 1
100 1000 10000 1o 100 1000 10000
Zr+Nb+Ce+Y Zr+Nb+Ce+Y I 0000,Ga/Al
1000 10@0
D x
o
1000
3. roo
6
z
+10
'iij' ;
E1 N 1oo

o 't0
Y
1 0.1 1
I 0000.Ga/Al I 0000,Ga/Al 10000.Ga/Al
1000
G H
100
't+,.
z o
o
ff$;
I
10

10000.Ga/Al 10000.Ga/Al 10000'Ga/Al

1000

100 ' t(,

-.{
t' o
aa o FGt
10 o

1
100 1000 10000
10000.Ga./Al Zr+Nb+Ce+Y

Frc. 8. A. Zr + Nb + Ce + Y yersasFeO*/lVIgOdiscriminantdiagramof A-type granites(Whalener a/. 1987)(FG, fractionared

felsicgranite,s;OGT,unfractionatedM-,I-andS-typegranites).8.Zr+Nb+Ce+Yversrar(K2O+Na2O/CaOdiscriminant
diagrarnof A-type granites(Whalenet al. 1987)(FG fractionatedfelsic granites;OGT, unfractionatedM-, I- and S-type
granites.C-L: 1@00*Ga/Alrerszs FeO*/IVlgO,(KrO + NaO/CaO, agpaiticindex,Z, Nb, Ce, Y, Zn discriminantdiagram
of A-type granites(Whalene/ a/. 1987),andZr + Nb + Ce + Y versus10000*GalAldiscriminantdiagramof A-type granites
(Whalen et al. L987) (FG, fractionatedfelsic granites;OGT, unfractionatedM-, I- and S-type granites).Symbolsas for
Figure 6A.
132 TIIE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST

Coucr-usroNs - (1990):From orogenicto anorogenicsettings:evo-

lution of granitoid suitesafter a major orogenesis.GeoL"L
25.261-n0.
The presenceof manganoan-fayalite-bearing grani-
tic pegmatiteandof associatedfayalite-bearinggranitic Bneua, A., Gswzq C., GUASPARR! G. & Sesemu, G.
rocks at Quirra constitutesa new aspectof the regional (1982): Aspetti genetici del batolite sardo-corso,Rend
geologyof Sardinia-Thesepegmatitesdiffer in compo- Soc.It. Mineral. Petrol. 3E.701:7&.
sition from Sardinianpegmatitesso far known @ani
1994). The high Mn content of the fayalite can be Buoa, G. (1993): Enclaves and fayalite-bearingpegmatitic
'hests" in tle upper part of the granite intrusion of the
justified by the high silica characterof the Quipa leu-
VelenceMs., Hungary.GeoLSbomik44, 143-153.
cogranitic magmasfrom which the pegmatitesorigi-
nated. Watson (L977) experimentally verified that CARMcNANT, L., Banca, S., Canosl R., DI PISA,A.,
Mn-6uouiq'increasesin favor of the olivine asthe SilO GATrcuo, M., Musuwcr, G., OccraNo,G. & hRTUSATI,
atomicratio of the melt increases. P.C. (192): Schemadell'evoluzionedel basamentosardo.
On the whole, the geochemicalcharacterof the leu- Geologiadella CatenaErcinicain Sardegna-Guidnall'Es-
carsionesul basamentopakozoico della Sardegw,ll-38.
cogranitesindicates an origrn of a specializedkind,
comparableto that ofpost-orogenicA-fype granilesof Crxon-a,,T,,Gtwzo, C.,PERTUSATI, P.C.& Rrccl
-
fts alumin6us trend. The paragenesesof the leu- C.A. (1986): Outlines of the Hercynian basementof
cogranitesfrom Quirra suggestlow-.(Oz) crystal- Sardinia-.ln Guide-bookto the Excursionon tle Paleozoic
lization processes.However,thefiO) conditionsseem basementof Sardinia (L. Carmignani, T. C-oooz.zuC.
to have changedduring the last stagesof consolidation Ghezzn,P.C. Pertusati & C.A. Ricci, eds.). Int. Geol.
of the granite-pegmatitecomplex, as shown by the Conelation Program"Project 5, Newslefter,SpecialIssw,
low-tempemture,subsolidusalterationof the fayalite to tr-21.
laihunite,magnetite,grunerite,greenaliteandferripyro-
phyllite. Cnappur.r,,B.W. & WHrre, A.J.R (1974): Two contrasting
granit€stypes.Pac, GeoI.E, 173-174.
On the basis of geological,mineralogicaland geo-
chemical data the associationof quartz + fayalite + Cou-nrs,WJ., BsAMs,S.D.,WHnBA.JR. &Cueprq:" B.W.
microcline+ biotite in the Quira pegmatitesis consid- (1982):Natureand origin of A-type ganites with particu-
ered to indicate that the pegmatiteitself representsa Australia- Contrib. MineraL
lar referenceto southeastern
product of crystallization of a residual liquid issued Petrol. 80, 189-200.
from a parent magma with a composition similar to
Dr Snpucio, P., FERRARA, G., Gswza, C., Guasrannr,G.,
sampleQ1l (Fig. 3, Unit 2), the least-evolvedgranitic hrr,zm, R., kccl, C.A., Rrre, F. & Sasar$[, G. (194):
faciesin the area.Jls manganiferouscharacterofthe Il metamorfismo e il magmatismopaleozoico della
fayalite in the pegmatites,aswell asthat of someof the Sardegna- Rend-Soc.It, Mineral, Petrol.30,979-1068,
hostgranites,alsoarguesindirectly for thederivationof
the pegmatitesand the host granites from the sarne Esy, G.N. (1990): The A-tlpe granitoids: a review of their
magma. occurrenceandchemicalcharacteristics andspculation on
their petrogenesis.
Lithos ?.6,lL5-L34.

AcKI.IOIVI-BDGElvm]{Ts (1992): ChemicalsuMivision of the A-t1pe grani-

toids: petrogeneticand tectonicimFlications.Geology2.0,
Financialsupportfor this work was providedby the ul.94.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (8.P. & R.R.), a
EvB{sEr, N.M., Havurol, P.J. & O'NIoNs,R.K. (1978):
S.I.M.P. havel award to E.P.. and a Natural Sciences Rareearthabundances in chondriticmeteorites.Geochim.
andEngineeringResearchCouncil ofCanadaoperating CosmochimActa 42, |I99-I2I2.
gmnt to MR. We axegrateful to R.F. Martin, B. Bonin
and an anonymousreviewer for suggestionsthat sub- FINos& F. & Srsr*m, H.P. (1990):I-type granitoidsasindi-
stantiallyimprovedthe manuscript. cators of a late Paleozoic convergent ocean-continent
margin along the southemflark of the central European
Variscanorogen.Geology18, l2U-I210.
RErEnwcrs
D.H. & ANDRSB.r,D.J. (1988):Fe-Ti
FRosr,8.R., LnrDsr.iEy,
Blsrq M. (1979):DieAnwendung geochemischer
Indikatoren with fayalitic olivine.
oxide-silicateequilibria: assemblage
auf die Zinn-Hdffingkeither4mischerGranitein Siid- Am-Mineral.73.7n-7N.
Sardtnen.Berlinergeowiss.Abh AlE,
Gtwzo, C., GuAspARRr, G., RrcconoNo,F., Seseil{, G.,
BoNnr,B. (1988):Peralkaline
granitesin Corsica:some r'rr, S. & URAs,I. (1981):l*mnerahzzazioni a molib-
petrological and gerchemical constraints. Ren-d" Soc, It. deno associateal magmatismointrusivo ercinico della
Mine ral. P etrol. 43. 28L-306. Sardegna.l. Rapporti con le plutoniti ed i fenomeni di
 FAYALITE-BEARING GRANITIC PEGMATITE. SARDINIA 133

alterazione- minsnlizzazione, Rend..Soc, It. Mineral. PAM, E. (1994): I tipi delle pegmatiti associateal Batolite
Petrol.38.133-145. Sardo: suLio, caraffertzzazionee classificazionc.Ph.D.
thesis,Univ. of Caglimi, Cagliari,Itaiy.
& ORSIMJ.B. (1982):Lineamentistrutturalie com-
posizionali del batolite ercinico sardo-corsoin Sardegna- -,Rvzn R. & Reuosapp,M. (1994):Hydrothermally
Guida alla Geologia del Paleozoico Sardo. Guide altered manganoanfayalite in the Rio Forrus pegmatite,
Geolagiche Regionali.Soc,Geol.It, 165-181. Quirr4 southeastSardinia Geol,Soc.Am.,Abstr. Program
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Arz ReceivedApril 26, 1996,revisedm,enuscriptacceptedDecern-
Mineral.35. 877-881. ber 17. 1996.