D.R.R.R.

11
Disaster Response and Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Quarter 4 – Module 7: Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Michael John M. Lopez
Editor: Melvina S. Tarcena
Reviewers: Melvina S. Tarcena
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Micaelle Lauren V. Tenorio
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Revera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by the Department of Education – Schools Division

of Pasig City
 D.R.R.R. 11
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 7
Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Disaster Response and Risk Reduction – Grade 11 and Self-
Learning Module on Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st-century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Disaster Response and Risk Reduction Self-Learning Module

on Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module will present to you about different hydro-meteorological hazard

maps. Aside from this skill, you are also expected to do the following:
1. describe different Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps;
2. interpret different Hydro-meteorological Hazard Maps; and
3. value the importance of knowing and/or interpreting Hydro-meteorological
Hazard Map.

PRETEST

Directions: Read carefully the following questions and choose your answer from the
given choices below.
A. Droughts D. Landslides
B. Flood E. Typhoons
C. Hydrometeorological Hazards
_______ 1. These are processes that involve the interaction of the atmosphere, bodies
of water, and land which poses a threat to lives & human property.
_______ 2. A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of
water.
_______ 3. The sliding down of a mass of the Earth or rock from a mountain or a cliff.
_______ 4. A tropical storm in the region of the Indian or Western Pacific Oceans.
_______ 5. An overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines,
especially over what is normally dry.

RECAP

Directions: Identify at least three (3) signs of impending Hydrometeorological

Hazards below and then answer the following questions. Use the given
Hydrometeorological Hazard as your choices in the given questions.

Typhoon Thunderstorm
Signs: Signs:
 Flashflood El Niño
Signs: Signs:

Questions:
1. A Hydrometeorological Hazard that
is a mature tropical cyclone that 2. It is a rapid flooding of low - lying
develops between 180° & 100° E in the areas.
Northern Hemisphere

______________________________________ ______________________________________

3. An irregular recurring flow of 4. A violent short-lived weather

unusually warm surface waters from disturbance that is almost always
the Pacific Ocean. associated with lightning, thunder,
dense clouds, etc.

______________________________________ ______________________________________

LESSON

What is a Hazard Map?

▪ Hazard Maps are developed to enlighten individuals about the areas that are
vulnerable to a particular hazard and can be more affected by a disaster.
▪ Hazard Maps are particularly made for Geological hazards (e.g. earthquakes,
volcanic eruption), and Climate & Weather-related hazards or Meteorological
hazards (e.g. typhoon, flood)
▪ There are three (3) main characteristics that a hazard map should have. These
are; 1.) Location, an example is if what a typhoon’s path and where it will
landfall; 2.) Severity, a typhoon’s wind velocity and amount of rainfall, & 3.)
Likelihood of Occurrence, a comparison of a disaster from the previous
phenomenon.

Meteorological Hazard Map

▪ A Meteorological Hazard Map is a map that shows or represents an area of land

that is exposed and/or vulnerable to a hydrometeorological hazard such as
typhoons, storm surge, el niño, la niña, etc.
▪ Different Meteorological Hazard Map is depending on the kind of meteorological
hazard it represents.
 For this module, we are going to talk about Meteorological Hazards that the
Philippines is frequently experiencing.

There are different kinds of hazard maps depending on what causes the hazard.
There is a climate-related hazard, geophysical-related hazard, anthropogenic-related
hazard, etc.

In this module, we are going to focus on Climate & Weather-related hazards or

Hydrometeorological Hazards.

Climate and Weather-related Hazards

– A natural hazard is defined as a natural occurrence or an event that causes
potential damages that may result in loss of life or injury, property, socio-
economic destruction, or environmental degradation. (e.g. Typhoon, El Niño,
La Niña, etc.)
The following figures are an example of Meteorological Hazard Map. Please study
and analyze the given figures.

▪ The left picture shows you the map of the

The Philippines showing places that are at high
risk from a typhoon.

▪ What can you say about the figure? Using

the given legend in the figure, the part of the map
that is shaded the darkest are the places that are
at the very high risk in experiencing typhoon or
typhoon-prone areas. Places at the very high risk
are said to be more exposed to a hazard – in this
case, the typhoon, thus making them more
vulnerable.

▪ On the other hand, places that are shaded

the lightest are said to be safer from typhoons as
they are more at low risk in experiencing
Figure 1. Typhoon Incidence. typhoon.
 Figure 2. Flood Hazard Map of Metro Manila.
Source: Flood Hazard Map of Metro Manila; Land
Geological Survey Division, Mines and
Geosciences Bureau

– The picture in the right shows you

the map of Metro Manila concerning its
exposure to flood. As you can see places
shaded in a “criss-cross” pattern are said
to be prone to flood. That includes places
like Taguig, Muntinlupa, and Pasig City.

– The third figure in the left shows

the areas that are at the very high
risk of experiencing El Niño. As you
can see, the same as in figure 1, the
part in the map that is shaded the
darkest are the places that are said
to be at the very high risk of
experiencing El Niño, while places
in a lighter shade are more likely to
experience medium to very low risk
of experiencing El Niño.

Figure 3. Risk to El Niño

Source: Risk to El Niño,; Manila
Observatory, Department of
Always remember that a hazard map, in Environment and Natural Resources
general, will not stop a disastrous event
or phenomenon. But the effective use of hazard maps can decrease the
magnitude of disasters.

The objective of a hazard map, in this case, a Meteorological hazard map is to

provide residents with information on the range of possible damage and
disaster prevention activities. It is an important point to provide residents with
understandable and clear information.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY #1: HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARD MAP

Directions: Using the given pictures below, make an analysis, and answer the given
questions. Answer the given questions based on the requirement needed.

Guide Questions:

1. Using a Philippine map, list at least 5 places

categorized for each legend (Very high risk, High
risk, Medium risk, Low risk, and Very low risk)
that are subjected for Temperature increase.

2. Revisit your lessons about Earth Science

and/or make reading about Philippine
Geography and list at least two (2) factors why
places you listed in number 1 becomes
categorized as Very high risk, High risk, Medium
risk, Low risk, and Very low risk in experiencing
Temperature increase.

ACTIVITY #2: INTERPRETING HAZARD MAP

Guide Questions:

1. Referencing the map on the left, explain the

different characteristics of a Hydrometeorological
Hazard Map.

2. Explain how does a Hydrometeorological

Hazard Map help in mitigation of related risks and
how it helps the community in addressing the
vulnerability.
 WRAP-UP

Directions: Using the picture below, answer the following questions below in 3 – 5
sentences.

Guide Questions:

1. Given the picture on the left, enumerate

as many as you can the objectives of
making or knowing a Meteorological hazard
map.

2. Using the picture as an example, explain

the characteristics that a Meteorological
Hazard map should have.

VALUING

DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions based on the given picture below.

Given the situation that you are living on the Flood

Hazard area in Metro Manila or its neighboring
places;

1. How important do you think this map in the

mitigation of the negative effects of exposure and
vulnerability to a hazard?

2. How are you going to prepare yourself and your

family given that you are exposed to a hazard?
 POSTTEST

DIRECTIONS: Please read each question carefully before reading the answer options.
Be aware that some questions may seem to have more than one right answer, but
you are to look for the one that makes the most sense and is the most correct. When
you have a clear idea of the question, find your answer, and mark your selection on
the answer sheet.
For Items 1 – 3: Please refer to the given picture below.

1. What do you think is a Hazard Map?

A. A representation of different places in a paper.
B. A diagrammatic representation of an area of land showing physical features.
C. A map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a particular
hazard
D. All of the above.
2. Which of the following hazards is being shown on the map?
A. Drought B. Flood C. Landslide D. Typhoon

3. Which of the following is TRUE about the given picture?

A. All of the given places will be flood free.
B. Sta. Lucia will not be affected by flooding.
C. Oranbo will be greatly submerged to flooding.
D. San Joaquin will experience severe flooding than Buting.
4. Which of the following is the importance of knowing a hazard map?
A. It provides information to help people understand the risk of natural hazards.
B. Hazard maps are developed to illuminate areas that are vulnerable to a hazard.
C. Both letters A and B are correct.
D. None of the above choices are correct.
VALUING (Expected Answer)
Situation #2: Given that me and my family already know the Hazard Map of our
place, we can now make plans on how we are going to manage our exposure and
vulnerability to a hazard. Plans such as evacuation areas, built of our house, and
anticipation of possible negative effects – how severe might be the effects. Through
this, we can formulate a more comprehensive disaster management plan
depending on our exposure and vulnerability.
VALUING (Expected Answer)
Situation #1: A Hazard Map, particularly a Meteorological Hazard Map in this
module, is important in a sense that it gives the community an idea about the
different hazard-prone areas in a specific place. Knowing these areas will make
individuals living in it be prepared in cases of disaster. Preparation by making
their houses more disaster-resistant and making a more effective disaster
management plan. In this case, even if a specific area is exposed to a hazard,
communities living in it will be prepared in cases of disaster, thus making their
vulnerability lesser.
RECAP RECAP RECAP PRE-TEST
Flashflood Typhoon 1. C
*Water carrying *Barometric Pres.
1. Typhoon 2. A
debris Drop
2. Flashflood *Muddy water *Windspeed 3. D
*Rapidly rising *Heavier rainfall
3. El Nino water 4. E
4. Thunderstorm 5. B
KEY TO CORRECTION
D. All of the above. B. Identification of hazard-prone areas.
A. Mitigation of negative effects of a hazard. C. Preparation in case of disaster.
5. The following are the advantages of using a hazard map, EXCEPT?
 hazards or disasters happened.
related to severity but a hazard is being compared to previous
potential to harm, and the likelihood of occurrence, somehow
be affected of an identified hazard. Severity, a hazard’s
2. A Hazard Map should a have location, the places that might
5. D vulnerability to a hazard.
dissemination of the severity of the identified exposure and
4. C
management plan depending on the hazard, information
3. D *Identification of hazard-prone area, making of an effective
2. B 1. Objectives of a Meteorological Hazard Map:
1. C
POST-TEST WRAP-UP (Possible answers)

RUBRIC FOR WRITTEN WORKS (Essay)

RAW
INDICATORS
SCORES
Write the essay nicely and it has appropriate content related to the
5 topic. Originally presents fresh ideas while displaying strong insights
and a clear understanding of the concept.
Correct and appropriate content but lack of neatness. Presents an
4
effective idea while showing a clear understanding of the concept.
Wrong use of capitalization, punctuation marks, and indention.
3 Writing shows adequate understanding but may be too general or
superficial.
Incomplete work. Writing shows little or no understanding of the
2
concept.
Copied the work of others. Displays no independent thoughts or
1
personal insights.
0 Not submitting any work.

References:
Belen, Josefina G. and Rimando, Rolly E. (2016), Disaster Readiness and Risk
Reduction (first edition). Rex Book Store, Inc. Manila, Philippines.

Knows, DRRR. “Hydrometeorological Hazard Maps,” January 24, 2018.

https://carmelaochea.wordpress.com/2018/01/24/hydrometeorological-hazard-
maps/.

Mapping Philippine Vulnerability to Environmental Disasters. Accessed August 5, 2020.

http://vm.observatory.ph/cw_maps.html.

Agana, Randell. THE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS IN THE PHILIPPINES,

January 25, 2018.
https://buildingabettertomorrowtoday.wordpress.com/2018/01/25/the-
hydrometeorological-hazards-in-the-philippines/.
Udono, Toshiaki, and Awadh Kishor Sha. “Hazard Mapping and Vulnerability
Assessment.” Regional Workshop on Total Disaster Risk Management, August 9,
2002.

Sta Ana, Rizza. “Top Flood-Free Areas Per City in Metro Manila.” ZipMatch, December
20, 2016. https://www.zipmatch.com/blog/flood-free-areas-in-metro-manila/.

“Thunderstorms Magpapaulan Sa Metro Manila, Ilan Pang Lugar.” Abante TNT Breaking
News, March 21, 2018. https://tnt.abante.com.ph/thunderstorms-magpapaulan-
sa-metro-manila-ilan-pang-lugar1/.

“70% Of Europe's Flood Casualties Are Due to Flash Floods, and the Number of Flash
Floods Increases.” Climatechangepost.com. Accessed August 5, 2020.
https://www.climatechangepost.com/news/2016/11/14/70-europes-flood-
casualties-are-due-flash-floods-a/.

Estanislao, Anna. “Senate Probes Government's Action on El Niño.” cnn, April 8, 2016.
https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/04/08/senate-probe-el-nino-
kidapawan.html.

“Hazard Maps.” Pacific Northwest Seismic Network. Accessed August 5, 2020.

https://pnsn.org/outreach/hazard-maps-and-scenarios/hazard-maps.

“d5.Jpg.” UP NOAH Center, April 20, 2017. https://center.noah.up.edu.ph/debris-flow-

hazard-map-simulation-using-flo-2d-for-selected-areas-in-the-philippines-2/d5-
jpg/.