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Introduction To Computer Architecture and Network Tutorial 4.1 - Computer Component - Part 1: Hardware

This document provides an introduction to computer hardware components and architecture. It discusses the central processing unit, memory, storage, input/output ports, and other internal computer components. It also explains the basic machine cycle of how a CPU performs calculations from taking in input to displaying output. Additionally, it differentiates between volatile and non-volatile memory and provides examples of each. Finally, it describes various input devices like optical character readers, biometric sensors, and printers.

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150 views

Introduction To Computer Architecture and Network Tutorial 4.1 - Computer Component - Part 1: Hardware

This document provides an introduction to computer hardware components and architecture. It discusses the central processing unit, memory, storage, input/output ports, and other internal computer components. It also explains the basic machine cycle of how a CPU performs calculations from taking in input to displaying output. Additionally, it differentiates between volatile and non-volatile memory and provides examples of each. Finally, it describes various input devices like optical character readers, biometric sensors, and printers.

Uploaded by

Tumblr Ashwin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND NETWORK

TUTORIAL 4.1 – COMPUTER COMPONENT – PART 1: HARDWARE

Answer All Questions

This is an individual tutorial. You need to show and submit your work for all questions.

1. Label the following components in the system unit.

CPU POWER SUPPLY FAN HARD DRIVE

EXPANSION CARDS DRIVE BAYS

EXPANSION SLOTS
DVD DRIVE

MOTHERBOARD
FLASH MEMORY
CARD READER
MEMORY (RAM) MODULES
MEMORY SLOTS
USB PORT

2. Describe the full machine cycle in the CPU when you input a Mathematic
question into the computer for calculation.
I. The control unit fetches the math problem’s instructions and data from memory
II. The control unit decodes the math problem’s instructions and sends the instructions and
data to the ALU
III. The ALU performs calculations on the data
IV. The result of the math problem are stored in memory
V. The results in memory appear on the screen of the monitor
3. Differentiate between volatile and non-volatile memory, and give one example for
each.

VOLATILE MEMORY NON-VOLATILE MEMORY


Loses its content when computer is turned off Does not lose its content when computer is turned
off
Used to hold data while it is being processed, and Used to store instructions during computer set up,
program while it is being executed called the firmware
Example: Random Access Memory (RAM) Example: Read-only Memory (ROM)

4. Research on what OCR, OMR, MICR, RFID, and NFC readers are and what do
they do as an input device.

TYPE OF READER DESCRIPTION FUNCTION


Optical Character Consist of scanner with software to Used in the processing of passports, identity
Reader (OCR) scan text on paper into a computer cards and in the process of digitizing books.
in digital format
Optical Mark Reader System which automatically reads Used to read multiple choice examination answer
(OMR) marks made in pen or pencil sheet. OMR reader shines light onto the form and
less light is reflected where a pencil mark has
been made to tell the computer the chosen
option.
Magnetic Ink Character A system which can read Used to write customer account number which
Recognition (MICR) information printed in a special ink converts it to a form the computer can
(containing iron particles). understand. The information is sent to the
computer so the cheque can be processed.
Radio Frequency Data chip can be read within a Used to read data wirelessly from RFID chips, or
tags, using an electromagnetic field.
Identification (RFID) specified area, without a line of
sight
Near Field a short-range wireless connectivity Used to transfer information between devices
Communication (NFC) technology that lets NFC-enabled quickly and easily with a single touch—whether
devices communicate with each paying bills, exchanging business cards,
other through electromagnetic radio downloading coupons, or sharing a research
fields paper.

5. List four (4) types of biometrics input and briefly describe each of them.

BIOMETRIC SENSOR DESCRIPTION


Fingerprint Recognition Works by taking a fingerprint image of a person and
records its features like arches, whorls, and loops along
with the outlines of edges, minutiae, and furrows.

Face Recognition Works by capturing data for the nodal points on a digital
image of a person’s face and resulting data can be stored
as a face print.

Voice Recognition Used to produce speech patterns by combining


behavioral and physiological factors that can be captured
by processing speech technology. 

Signature Recognition Used to analyze and measure the physical activity of


signing like the pressure applied, stroke order and speed.

6. Differentiate between ink-jet, laser, and dot-matrix printer.

INK-JET PRINTER LASER PRINTER DOT-MATRIX PRINTER


spray liquid ink on paper use fine ink powder and heat the works having pins pushed
through microscopic nozzles powder on the paper against an ink-soaked ribbon to
paper

20 pages a minute 6 pages a minute 30-550 characters per second

Prints faster, bigger input trays Quieter in operation, high print Cheaper to print as ribbon is
quality, no warm up time, low cheap
cost per page
Printing quality is adequate. Printing quality is good, Printing quality is bad if printing
Best for black and white specially for smaller fonts images. In terms of text, printing
is fine

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