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Tables and Formulas

The document summarizes properties and formulas related to the Laplace transform. It lists properties of the Laplace transform including linearity, time scaling, time shifting, frequency shifting, differentiation, integration, and convolution. It also lists the Laplace transforms of common functions like the unit step function, exponentials, polynomials, trigonometric functions, and the Dirac delta function. Inverse Laplace transform properties are also summarized.

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YA uz
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views

Tables and Formulas

The document summarizes properties and formulas related to the Laplace transform. It lists properties of the Laplace transform including linearity, time scaling, time shifting, frequency shifting, differentiation, integration, and convolution. It also lists the Laplace transforms of common functions like the unit step function, exponentials, polynomials, trigonometric functions, and the Dirac delta function. Inverse Laplace transform properties are also summarized.

Uploaded by

YA uz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laplace transform

Laplace transform properties

Caption: X(s) = L[x(t)](s), sx : abscissa of convergence, U (t): unit step function.

Linearity (a, b ∈ R) L[ax1 (t) + bx2 (t)](s) = aX1 (s) + bX2 (s) s > max{sx1 , sx2 }

1
Time Scaling (a > 0) L[x(at)](s) = X(s/a) s > asx
a

Time Shift (a ∈ R) L[x(t − a) U(t − a)](s) = e−as X(s) s > sx

Frequency Shift (a ∈ R) L[eat x(t)](s) = X(s − a) s > a + sx

dn
Multiplication by time (n ∈ N) L[tn x(t)](s) = (−1)n X(s) s > sx
dsn

First Derivative L[x′ (t)](s) = sX(s) − x(0+ ) s > max{sx , sx′ }

Second Derivative L[x′′ (t)](s) = s2 X(s) − sx(0+ ) − x′ (0+ ) s > max{sx , sx′ , sx′′ }
[∫ t ]
X(s)
Integration L x(u) du (s) = s > max{0, sx }
0 s
[ ] ∫ +∞
x(t)
Integral of transform L (s) = X(r) dr s > sx
t s

Convolution L[x1 (t) ∗ x2 (t)](s) = X1 (s) X2 (s) s > max{sx1 , sx2 }


∫ T
1
T -periodic function (T > 0) L[x(t)](s) = e−st x(t) dt s>0
1 − e−sT 0

Initial Value Theorem lim x(t) = lim sX(s)


t→0+ s→+∞

Final Value Theorem lim x(t) = lim sX(s)


t→+∞ s→0+

⃝
c 2018 Politecnico di Torino
Inverse Laplace transform properties

Caption: x(t) = L−1 [X(s)](t), U(t): unit step function.

Linearity (a, b ∈ R) L−1 [aX1 (s) + bX2 (s)](t) = ax1 (t) + bx2 (t)

1
Time Scaling (a > 0) L−1 [X(as)](t) = x(t/a)
a

Time Shift (a ∈ R) L−1 [e−as X(s)](t) = x(t − a) U(t − a)

Frequency Shift (a ∈ R) L−1 [X(s − a)](t) = eat x(t)

Inverse transform of derivative L−1 [X ′ (s)](t) = −tx(t)


[∫ +∞ ]
x(t)
Inverse transform of integral L−1 X(r) dr (t) =
s t

Multiplying by frequency L−1 [sX(s) − x(0+ )](t) = x′ (t)


[ ] ∫ t
−1 X(s)
Division by frequency L (t) = x(u) du
s 0

⃝
c 2018 Politecnico di Torino
Fundamental Laplace transforms

Function x(t) Laplace transform X(s) Domain

1
U(t) s>0
s
1
eat (a ∈ R) s>a
s−a
n!
tn (n ∈ N) s>0
sn+1
a
sin (at) (a ∈ R) s>0
s 2 + a2
s
cos (at) (a ∈ R) s>0
s 2 + a2
a
sinh (at) (a ∈ R) s > |a|
s2 − a2
s
cosh (at) (a ∈ R) s > |a|
s2 − a2
b
eat sin (bt) (a, b ∈ R) s>a
(s − a)2 + b2
s−a
eat cos (bt) (a, b ∈ R) s>a
(s − a)2 + b2
sin t
arctan 1/s s>0
t

Distribution x(t) Laplace transform X(s)

δ(t) (“Delta function”) 1

⃝
c 2018 Politecnico di Torino

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