The Sources of Pollution of Water Bodies in The Locality

THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION
OF WATER BODIES IN THE

LOCALITY.
_
Content
 Acknowledgement
 Introduction
 Main factors and their explanation
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
Acknowledgment
It is a great pleasure to express my experience of
preparing this project.
I had to depend extremely for the purpose on a
wide range of sources and every effort has been
made to acknowledge them properly.
At first, I would like to extent my gratitude to my
geography teacher of the Assam Valley School
who had spared his valuable time in guiding me
for the preparation of the project.
I am thankfull to various people for their
cooperation.
Introduction
Water pollution is the pollution of bodies
of water, such as lakes, rivers, seas, the oceans, as
well as groundwater. It occurs
when pollutants reach these bodies of water,
without treatment.
Water pollution is caused due to many reasons,
whether be it from the locals or from industrial
wastes.
Main causes of water pollution:
 Industrial Waste.
 Sewage and Wastewater.
 Marine Dumping.
 Accidental Oil Leakage.
 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
 Leakage From Sewer Lines.
Main causes of water pollution:
Industrial waste
Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting

of them are the city sewage and industrial waste
discharged into the rivers. Industrial waste is defined
as waste generated by manufacturing or industrial
processes. The types of industrial waste generated
include cafeteria garbage, dirt and gravel, masonry and
concrete, scrap metals, trash, oil, solvents, chemicals,
weed grass and trees, wood and scrap lumber, and
similar wastes. Industrial solid waste - which may be
solid, liquid or gases held in containers - is divided into
hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Hazardous waste
may result from manufacturing or other industrial
processes. Certain commercial products such as
cleaning fluids, paints or pesticides discarded by
commercial establishments or individuals can also be
defined as hazardous waste. Non-hazardous industrial
wastes are those that do not meet the EPA's definition
of hazardous waste - and are not municipal waste.
Industrial waste has been a problem since the
industrial revolution. Industrial waste may be toxic,
ignitable, corrosive or reactive. If improperly managed,
this waste can pose dangerous health and
environmental consequences.
Sewage/ Waste water
 Sewage is the term used for wastewater that
often contains faeces, urine and laundry
waste.
 There are billions of people on Earth, so
treating sewage is a big priority.
 Sewage disposal is a major problem in
developing countries as many people in these
areas don’t have access to sanitary conditions
and clean water.
 Untreated sewage water in such areas can
contaminate the environment and cause
diseases such as diarrhoea.
 Sewage in developed countries is carried
away from the home quickly and hygienically
through sewage pipes.
 Sewage is treated in water treatment plants
and the waste is often disposed into the sea.
 Sewage is mainly biodegradable and most of it
is broken down in the environment.
 In developed countries, sewage often causes
problems when people flush chemical and
pharmaceutical substances down the toilet.
When people are ill, sewage often carries
harmful viruses and bacteria into the
environment causing health problems.
Marine Dumping
If garbage is dumped into the ocean, the
oxygen in the water could be depleted. This
results in poor health for marine life due to
lack of oxygen. Animals such as seals,
dolphins, penguins, sharks, whales, and
herring could all die. Bottles and other plastics
including bags can suffocate or
choke sea creatures.
Accidental Oil Leakage
Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily basis

from oil spills, routine shipping, run-offs and
dumping.

 Oil spills make up about 12% of the oil
that enters the ocean. The rest come from
shipping travel, drains and dumping.
 An oil spill from a tanker is a severe

problem because there is such a huge
quantity of oil being spilt into one place.
 Oil spills cause a very localised problem
but can be catastrophic to local marine
wildlife such as fish, birds and sea otters.
 Oil cannot dissolve in water and forms a

thick sludge in the water. This suffocates
fish, gets caught in the feathers of marine
birds stopping them from flying and blocks
light from photosynthetic aquatic plants.
Chemical fertilizers and
pesticides.
Chemical fertilizers contain phosphates, nitrates
that can actually be the main reason behind water
pollution. Environmental nitrogen and
phosphorous contribute to the process of
eutrophication, which enriches the water surface
with nutrients. The trophic status of lakes is
associated with the nutrients and growth of organic
matters of the lake. The effect of Eutrophication is
that there is an abundance of algal bloom.
Leakage from sewer lines
Leakage of wastewater from sewer
lines may result in contamination of soil and
groundwater. The widespread use of
detergents is causing relatively high
concentrations of surfactants in wastewater.
We studied the effects of surfactants on the
infiltration process of wastewater through soil.
Conclusion
In my attempt to make this project as neat and

clean as possible. I have included all my effort
and illustration and gave my level best. I have
learned many things interesting things via this
project, I have gained knowledge about one of
the current pandemics such as of water
pollution. Therefore, I would like to conclude
that it has been a matter of immense
pleasure, honour and challenging to have this
project and complete successfully.
Bibliography
www.epa.gov>nutreintpollution>sources-and-
solutions
www.water-pollution.org.uk › oil-pollution-in-
water
www.safewater.org>fact-sheets-1>marine-
dumping
www.water-pollution.org.uk>sewage-and-
wastewater
www.conserve-energy-future.com › sources-
and-causes
www.water-pollution.org.uk>sewage-and-
wastewater

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THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION

OF WATER BODIES IN THE

Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting

Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily basis

 An oil spill from a tanker is a severe

 Oil cannot dissolve in water and forms a

In my attempt to make this project as neat and

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