Micro Bio Exam 3
Micro Bio Exam 3
Micro Bio Exam 3
on Sunday, June 17, 2018, 9:47 AM
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Completed on Sunday, June 17, 2018, 10:47 AM
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Grade 67.50 out of 90.00 (75%)
Question 1
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What is the result of successful communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts?
Select one:
a. Rhizobia consume the plant tissue as an energy and carbon source, causing disease in the plant.
b. The plant consumes rhizobiaas an energy source and carbon, destroying the invading bacteria.
c. The rhizobia invade the plant root and begin to fix nitrogen with the assistance of the plant.
d. The plant supplies organic forms of nitrogen to the rhizobia.
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The correct answer is: The rhizobia invade the plant root and begin to fix nitrogen with the
assistance of the plant.
Question 2
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Most bacterial and archaeal cells divide by
Select one:
a. mitosis.
b. meiosis.
c. binary fission.
d. All of the choices are correct.
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The correct answer is: binary fission.
Question 3
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Most known microorganisms maintain their internal pH
Select one:
a. near neutral (pH 7).
b. near their optimum growth pH.
c. slightly acidic (pH 4–6).
d. slightly alkaline (pH 8–10).
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The correct answer is: near neutral (pH 7).
Question 4
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The __________ law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
Select one:
a. first
b. second
c. third
d. fourth
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The correct answer is: first
Question 5
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Cells carry out three major types of work; which of the following involves energy for cell motility and
the movement of structures within cells?
Select one:
a. Chemical work
b. Transport work
c. Mechanical work
d. None of the choices are correct.
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The correct answer is: Mechanical work
Question 6
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As the difference in reduction potential between a redox pair increases, the amount of free energy
made available _______________.
Select one:
a. decreases
b. increases
c. remains the same
d. cannot be determined
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The correct answer is: increases
Question 7
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A newly described bacterial species has been shown to use CO 2 as its carbon source. Its energy
source and its source of reducing power (electrons) are inorganic chemicals. Which term would best
describe this nutritional type?
Select one:
a. Chemolithoheterotroph
b. Photoorganoheterotroph
c. Photolithoheterotroph
d. Chemolithoatotroph
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The correct answer is: Chemolithoatotroph
Question 8
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How many quanta of light are needed to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate
during photosynthesis?
Select one:
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 1012
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The correct answer is: 1012
Question 9
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Mitochondrial electron transport takes place
Select one:
a. on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
b. on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
c. in the fluid matrix of the mitochondria.
d. on the outer mitochondrial membrane and on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
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The correct answer is: on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Question 10
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Bacteria synthesize CDPdiacylglycerol in order to build _____, a major cell membrane phospholipid
component.
Select one:
a. phosphatidylethanolamine
b. peptidoglycan
c. lipopolysaccharide
d. lipid rafts
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The correct answer is: phosphatidylethanolamine
Question 11
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Which pathway(s) are used by eukaryotic microorganisms to fix carbon dioxide?
Select one:
a. CalvinBenson cycle
b. Reductive tricarboxylic pathway
c. EntnerDoudoroff
d. None of the choices are correct.
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The correct answer is: CalvinBenson cycle
Question 12
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In __________, ribosomes can attach to the mRNA and begin translation even though transcription
has not been completed.
Select one:
a. prokaryotes
b. eukaryotes
c. fungi
d. protozoa and some plants
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The correct answer is: prokaryotes
Question 13
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A scientist wishes to develop an antimicrobial agent that specifically targets replication elongation
in Escherichia coliwithout interfering with proteins that catalyze other replication processes. Which of
the following experimental designs is most appropriate for the scientist to explore?
Select one:
a. Develop a molecule that interferes with the DNAbinding ability of DNA polymerase III core
enzyme.
b. Modify an existing antibiotic to act as a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerase I.
c. Design a drug that modifies the structural configuration of DNA at the oriC locus.
d. Create a novel protein that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the DNA ligase binding site.
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The correct answer is: Develop a molecule that interferes with the DNAbinding ability of DNA
polymerase III core enzyme.
Question 14
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Griffith's experiment demonstrated transformation because a mouse injected with live R and heat
killed S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae resulted in death of the mouse and the isolation of live
R as well as live S cells. Hypothesize as to the type of cells that Griffith would have observed if
transformation had not occurred.
Select one:
a. Griffith would have isolated only live R cells from the mouse host.
b. Griffith would have isolated both live R and heatkilled S cells from the mouse host.
c. Griffith would have isolated only live S cells from the mouse host.
d. Griffith would have isolated no cells from the mouse host.
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The correct answer is: Griffith would have isolated only live R cells from the mouse host.
Question 15
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When does a cell regulate gene expression?
Select one:
a. Pretranscription through postranslation
b. Posttranscription through postranslation
c. Pretranscription through pretranslation
d. Posttranscription through pretranslation
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The correct answer is: Pretranscription through postranslation
Question 16
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Serratia marcescens bacteria has a gene that regulates red pigment production by cells. A student
inoculates two nutrient agar plates of Serratia and incubates one at 25oC and the other at 37oC.
Following incubation, the student observes that colonies on the 25oC plate are red while those on the
37oC plate are nonpigmented. Which of the following statements is a logical conclusion based on
these results?
Select one:
a. Serratia genes for pigment production are induced at certain temperatures.
b. This is an example of constitutive gene expression.
c. Low temperatures cause repression of certain housekeeping genes.
d. Serratia cells undergo a genotypic change that is proportional to changes in temperature.
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The correct answer is: Serratia genes for pigment production are induced at certain temperatures.
Question 17
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______________ is used to control transcription of some anabolic pathways involved in amino acid
biosynthesis.
Select one:
a. Attenuation
b. Catabolite repression
c. Induction
d. All of the choices are correct.
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The correct answer is: Attenuation
Question 18
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Eukaryotes are able to express different proteins over time or at certain points in the life cycle by
using _____.
Select one:
a. riboswitches
b. siRNAs
c. silencers
d. mediators
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The correct answer is: riboswitches
Question 19
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Which of the following methods of genetic recombination is common to both eukaryotic and bacterial
cells?
Select one:
a. Vertical gene transfer
b. Crossing over
c. Gamete fusion
d. All of the choices are correct.
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The correct answer is: Vertical gene transfer
Question 20
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A public health microbiologist plans to screen a particular bacterial species that was isolated from
several patients in an intensive care unit to detect if any of the cells are penicillinresistant mutants.
What is the first step in conducting this experiment?
Select one:
a. Determine whether or not wild type cells of the same bacterial species are susceptible to
penicillin.
b. Test the cells to see if they can grow on media to which penicillin has been added.
c. Perform an antibiotic susceptibility test on the cells using antibiotics other than penicillin that are
known to be effective.
d. Set up an Ames test to see if any of the isolates are mutagenic.
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The correct answer is: Determine whether or not wild type cells of the same bacterial species are
susceptible to penicillin.