2020 Sec 4 Pure Chemistry SA2 Chung Cheng High (Yishun)

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CHUNG CHENG HIGH SCHOOL (YISHUN)
2020 Preliminary Examination

Secondary Four Express
CANDIDATE
NAME
INDEX
CLASS
NUMBER
CHEMISTRY 6092/01
Paper 1 16 September 2020
Additional Materials: OTAS 1 hour
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, class and index number in the spaces at the top of this page and on the OTAS
provided. Shade your register number on the OTAS clearly.
Write in soft pencil.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue, correction fluid or correction tape.
There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four
possible answers, A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate
OTAS.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 18.
The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.
Setter: Mdm. Tay Hui Cheng
This document consists of 18 printed pages, INCLUDING the cover page.

[Turn over
1 The following diagrams show three methods commonly used to collect gases.
What is the best method for collecting ammonia, chlorine, hydrogen and oxygen?
ammonia chlorine hydrogen oxygen

A 2 3 2 1
B 1 2 3 3
C 3 1 2 2
D 2 1 3 3
2 Some students are asked to describe the difference between the particles in
gases and liquids.
Three of their suggestions are:
1 Particles in gases are further apart than particles in liquids.

2 Particles in gases are bigger than particles in liquids.
3 Particles in gases are smaller than particles in liquids.
Which suggestion or suggestions are correct?
A 1 only B 2 only C 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
2020 CCHY Preliminary Examination Chemistry (6092) / Sec Four Express Page 2 of 18
3 The properties of five different substances are shown in the table below.
substance melting point / oC boiling point / oC

P 50 80
Q 70 500
R 65 67
S -15 -12
T 0 99
At which temperature would two liquids exist?
A -20oC B -15oC C 15oC D 85oC
4 The apparatus shown in the diagram was set up.
Which gas, when present in the beaker, will cause the water level at X to fall?
A ammonia, NH 3 B carbon dioxide, CO 2
C carbon monoxide, CO D nitrogen, N 2
5 How many of the following physical processes could be used to separate a

mixture of petrol and water?
1 distillation
2 filtration
3 sublimation
4 use of a separating funnel
A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3
6 Fractional distillation is used to distil ethanol (boiling point 78°C) from a dilute
ethanol solution.
Which one of the following graphs best shows the change in concentration of
ethanol in the boiling flask as distillation proceeds?
A B
C D
7 Chromatography was used to compare the impurities in the electrodes of two
lead-acid type batteries. The chromatogram was sprayed with a locating agent
and the results are shown below:
Which ion has the R f value of 0.8?
A Fe3+ B Cu2+ C Ag+ D Fe2+
8 Which diagram best represents a mixture of neon and hydrogen bromide?
A B C D
9 At which temperatures does seawater start to freeze and boil?
start to freeze at start to boil at

A 2°C 101°C
B 2°C 99°C
C í2°C 101°C
D í2°C 99°C
10 Some properties of four substances P, Q, R and S are given in the table below.
percentage electrical
substance composition by conductivity when effect of heat
mass solid
solid burns in air to
P constant yes
form an oxide
liquid burns to form
Q varies no carbon dioxide and
water
solid decomposes
R constant no to form two
products
S varies yes solid melts
Which classification of the substances as an element, a mixture or a compound

is correct?
element mixture compound

A P S Q, R
B S Q, R P
C R S Q, P
D P Q, S R
11 An ion L3- has 18 electrons. If its nucleon number is 31, what is the composition
of its nucleus?
A 15 protons and 15 neutrons

B 15 protons and 16 neutrons
C 18 protons and 13 neutrons
D 21 protons and 10 neutrons
12 Hydrogen can form both H+ ions and H– ions.
Which statement about these two ions is correct?
A A H+ ion has no electrons in its first shell.

B A H+ ion has more protons than a H– ion.
C A H– ion has one more electron than a H+ ion.
D A H– ion is formed when a hydrogen atom loses an electron.
13 Which compound has both ionic and covalent bonds?
A aluminium oxide B copper(II) iodide
C hydrogen chloride D sodium nitrate
14 Compound R contains two elements, metal Y and non-metal Z.

R contains of a lattice of positive ions and negative ions.
Each positive ion is surrounded by four negative ions and each negative ion is
surrounded by eight positive ions.
Which ions are present in, and what is the formula of, compound R?
ions present formula

A Y+ Z2- Y2Z
B Y2+ Z- YZ 2
C Z+ Y2- Z2Y
D Z2+ Y- ZY 2
15 The bonding in sulfuric acid can be represented by the structural formula:
What is the total number of electrons in the covalent bonds surrounding the sulfur
atom?
A 4 B 6 C 8 D 12
16 Graphane, an allotrope of carbon has a similar structure to graphite, except that,
it has one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon as shown in the diagram.
Which set of properties will graphane have?
1 It is soft.
2 It has a giant molecular structure.
3 It conducts electricity in the solid state.
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
17 A mixture of ammonia and oxygen was passed over heated platinum. Nitrogen
and water were formed.
wNH 3 + xO 2 Æ yN 2 + zH 2 O
What are the values of w, x, y and z in the above equation?
w x y z
A 2 2 1 4
B 2 3 1 3
C 4 3 2 6
D 4 2 2 6
18 A student writes down four statements about two gases, hydrogen chloride and
carbon dioxide.
1 One mole of each gas has the same mass.

2 One mole of each gas occupies the same volume at room temperature and
pressure.
3 One mole of each gas has the same number of atoms.
4 One mole of each gas has the same number of molecules.
Which statements are correct?
A 1 and 3 only B 2 and 4 only
C 1, 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 4 only
19 The complex [Ag(NH 3 ) x ]+ consists of 76% by mass of silver.
What is the value of x?
A 5 B 4 C 3 D 2
20 The formula of an oxide of element Y is Y 3 O 4 .
10 g of Y 3 O 4 contains 3 g of Y.
How many moles of Y does 3 g of the element contain?
7 3 7 4
A × B ×
16 4 16 3
10 3 10 4
C × D ×
16 4 16 3
21 When solid sodium hydrogencarbonate (M r = 84) is heated strongly, the following

reaction occurs.
2NaHCO 3 (s) Æ Na 2 CO 3 (s) + H 2 O(g) + CO 2 (g)
What is the loss in mass when 25.2 g of solid sodium hydrogencarbonate is

heated?
A 2.7 g B 9.3 g C 15.9 g D 18.6 g
22 20 cm3 of aqueous 0.50 mol/dm3 sulfuric acid exactly neutralised 25 cm3 of an
aqueous hydroxide solution of metal R. The concentration of the hydroxide
solution was 0.80 mol/dm3.
What is the formula of the salt formed?
A RSO 4 B R(SO 4 ) 2 C R 2 SO 4 D R 2 (SO 4 ) 3
23 20 cm3 of hydrogen is reacted with 20 cm3 of oxygen to form a gaseous product.
What are the volumes of gases remaining at the end of the reaction?
[All volumes are measured at room temperature and pressure.]
volume of hydrogen volume of oxygen volume of product

/ cm3 / cm3 / cm3
A 0 0 20
B 0 0 40
C 0 10 0
D 10 10 0
24 On heating, ammonium nitrate, NH 4 NO 3 , decomposes to form dinitrogen oxide

and water.
NH 4 NO 3 Æ N 2 O + 2H 2 O
When 90 g of an impure sample of ammonium nitrate is heated, 28 g of water is

formed.
What is the percentage purity of ammonium nitrate in the impure sample?
28 80 28 80
A × ×100 B × ×100
18 90 36 90
28 90 28 90
C × ×100 D × ×100
18 80 36 80
25 In the reaction between 23 g of ethanol, C 2 H 5 OH, and excess hydrogen bromide,

HBr, the mass of bromoethane, C 2 H 5 Br, obtained is 27 g.
C 2 H 5 OH + HBr Æ C 2 H 5 Br + H 2 O
What is the percentage yield of bromethane?

[M r : C 2 H 5 OH, 46; C 2 H 5 Br, 109]
A 25% B 50% C 60% D 75%
26 The table gives information about three indicators.
If equal volumes of these three indicators were mixed, which colour would be
observed at pH 5?
A blue B green C orange D yellow
27 Solid R is gradually added to aqueous solution S. The changes in pH in solution

S are shown on the graph.
pH
14
12
10
8
0 mass of solid R (g)
What are R and S?
R S
A insoluble metal oxide nitric acid
B soluble metal oxide hydrochloric acid
C soluble non-metal oxide aqueous ammonia
D soluble non-metal oxide sodium hydroxide
28 Which of the following statements best explains why farmers should not lime the
soil and add ammonium nitrate fertiliser at the same time?
A It is too costly to add both substances together at the same time.

B The lime makes the soil too alkaline for plant growth.
C The lime will react with ammonium nitrate and results in the loss of nitrogen.
D The lime will react with ammonium nitrate to produce acidic substances that
inhibit plant growth.
29 How many different sulfates in total could be prepared by the reaction of dilute
sulfuric acid with the following substances?
x copper
x magnesium
x silver
x zinc carbonate
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
30 A student tested a solution by adding aqueous sodium hydroxide. A precipitate

was not seen because the reagent was added too quickly.
What could not have been present in the solution?
A Al3+ B Ca2+ C NH 4 + D Zn2+
31 An excess of aqueous lead(II) nitrate is added to aqueous barium chloride. The

precipitate is removed by filtration.
What are the main ions in the filtrate?
A Pb2+ and NO 3 - only B Ba2+ and NO 3 - only
C Ba2+, Cl- and NO 3 - only D Ba2+, Pb2+ and NO 3 - only
32 Dimitri Mendeleev, a chemist, organised the elements using a system called the
Periodic Table. A student suggested another way of arranging the elements as
shown below.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A An atom of X contains 3 valence electrons.

B Elements X and Y belong to the same group.
C Element X contains more electrons than element Z.
D Elements X, Y and Z belong to the same period.
33 Using the apparatus shown, chlorine is passed through the tube.
P Q R
After a short time, coloured substances are seen at P, Q and R.

What are these coloured substances?
P Q R
A green gas red brown vapour violet vapour
B green gas violet vapour black solid
C red brown vapour violet vapour black solid
D violet vapour red brown vapour red brown vapour
34 A large volume of copper(II) sulfate solution is left in an iron container overnight.
Which statement describes what happens?
A The solution evaporates completely and some copper(II) sulfate crystals are
left behind.
B The part of the container in contact with the solution is coated with copper.
C Some fine iron particles are formed in the solution.
D Atmospheric oxygen reacts with the copper(II) sulfate to give black
copper(II) oxide.
35 Equations for reactions of iron and iron compounds are shown.
1 Fe + 2HCl Æ FeCl 2 + H 2
2 2FeCl 2 + Cl 2 Æ 2FeCl 3
3 FeSO 4 + Mg Æ Fe + MgSO 4
4 FeSO 4 + 2NaOH Æ Fe(OH) 2 + Na 2 SO 4
How many of these are redox reactions?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
36 Three different electrochemical cells each containing two of the metals G, H and
J are immersed in aqueous potassium nitrate solution. The table below shows
the voltage and the positive terminal of each electrochemical cell.
electrochemical voltage
metals used positive terminal
cell /V
1 G and J +2.70 J
2 G and H +1.10 H
3 H and J +1.60 J
What is the order of decreasing reducing power of the metals G, H and J?
A J>H>G B H>J>G
C G>H>J D G>J>H
37 In an electrolysis experiment, the same amount of charge deposited 54.0 g of

silver and 6.4 g of vanadium.
What is the charge on the vanadium ion?
A 1+ B 2+ C 3+ D 4+
38 The electrolysis of a 0.5 mol/dm3 silver nitrate solution was carried out using the
following set-up.
Which of the following graphs best describes how the reading on the electronic
balance changes with time during the reaction?
A B
C D
39 Four experiments (1, 2, 3 and 4) were carried out by adding calcium carbonate
to excess 1.00 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid in four separate beakers. The set of
conditions (R, S, T and U) for the four experiments are shown in the table below.
set of mass of calcium type of calcium

conditions carbonate / g carbonate
R 5.0 granular
S 10.0 granular
T 5.0 powder
U 10.0 powder
The total volume of carbon dioxide gas evolved was collected and measured at
various times for each experiment. The graphs of the results from the four
experiments are shown.
volume of CO2
/cm3
time/min
Which of the following matches the graphs of experiments 1, 2, 3 and 4 correctly

with the set of conditions R, S, T and U?
R S T U
A 3 2 1 4
B 4 1 3 2
C 3 2 4 1
D 4 2 3 1
40 Information in the table shows the concentration, in parts per million (ppm), of
pollutants in four different industrial areas.
In which areas are limestone sculptures under the greatest threat of pollution?
unburnt hydrocarbon nitrogen dioxide carbon monoxide

emission / ppm emission / ppm emission / ppm
A 23 30 0.03
B 30 32 3.0
C 11 38 0.2
D 21 45 0.01
End of Paper
CHUNG CHENG HIGH SCHOOL (YISHUN)
2020 Preliminary Examination

Secondary Four Express
CANDIDATE
NAME
INDEX
CLASS
NUMBER
CHEMISTRY 6092/02
Paper 2 28 August 2020
Additional Materials: NIL 1 hour 45 minutes
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, class and index number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You are to use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue, correction fluid or correction tape.
Section A (50 marks)

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
Section B (30 marks)

Answer all three questions, the last question is in the form either/or.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
At the end of the paper, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20.
The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.
For Examiner’s Use
Section A
Section B
Total
Setter: Mdm. Tay Hui Cheng

This document consists of 20 printed pages, INCLUDING the cover page.
[Turn over
Section A (50 marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
A1 The table shows the names and symbols of some isotopes of common elements.
isotope name isotope symbol

37
chlorine-37 17Cl
3
hydrogen-3 1H
20
neon-20 10Ne
14
nitrogen-14 7N
40
calcium-40 20Ca
131
caesium-131 55Cs
137
barium-137 56Ba
131
iodine-131 53I
88
strontium-88 38Sr
34
neon-34 10Ne
Use the isotopes in the table above to answer the following questions.
(a) Give the names of two isotopes that contain the same number of protons in
each of their atoms.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) Give the names of two isotopes that contain the same number of neutrons in
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) Give the names of two isotopes that contain one electron in the outer shells of
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(d) Give the names of two isotopes that have the lowest tendency to form ions.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
[4 marks]
A2 Strontium-88 has three other isotopes and the mass spectrum below shows the
relative abundance of each isotopes.
mass spectrum of strontium

90
80
relative abundance (%)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
84 86 87 88
mass number of isotopes
(a) Calculate the relative atomic mass of strontium. Leave your answer to 3
significant figures.
[2]
(b) 180 g of strontium-88 burns in oxygen to form 245 g of strontium peroxide.

Show that the empirical formula of strontium peroxide is SrO 2 .
[2]
(c) The reaction between strontium and oxygen is a redox reaction.
Sr + O 2 Æ SrO 2
Oxygen acts as an oxidising agent in the reaction.
Use ideas about oxidation state and electron transfer to explain why the above
statement is true.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(d) Strontium also forms strontium superoxide, Sr(O 2 ) 2 , with oxygen.
Determine the formula for a superoxide ion.
[1]
(e) Sodium also forms sodium superoxide with oxygen.
Explain, in terms of bonding, which superoxide, strontium superoxide or sodium

superoxide, has a higher melting point.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
[8 marks]
A3 The particles in strontium and chlorine are shown below.
electrons
Sr ions
strontium metal chlorine
(a) Describe the arrangement of the particles in strontium and chlorine.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(b) Use ideas about structure and bonding to explain why the particles are
arranged as described in (a).
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(c) Strontium reacts with chlorine to form strontium chloride which is widely used to
reduce hypersensitivity.
Describe what happens when a strontium atom and a chlorine atom react
together to form ions.
You may use a diagram in your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(d) Alloys of strontium usually consist of added substances.
Explain, with reference to the arrangement of the atoms, how these added
substances affects the properties of strontium. You may use diagrams to
support your answers.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(e) Give reasons why strontium is recycled more often than iron.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[10 marks]
A4 The reaction between persulfate ions, S 2 O 8 2-, and iodide ions, I-, in solution happens
in two stages.
stage 1: S 2 O 8 2- + 2Fe2+ Æ 2SO 4 2- + 2Fe3+
stage 2: 2Fe3+ + 2I- Æ 2Fe2+ + I 2
(a) Identify the catalyst in the reaction.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) Based on the equations given above, write the ionic equation for the
uncatalysed reaction between persulfate ions and iodide ions in solution.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) Suggest why magnesium ion cannot be used to catalyse the reaction.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
[3 marks]
A5 Ammonia is produced in the Haber process. The volume of gases in the reaction
chamber is monitored throughout the reaction, and the results were plotted in the
graph below.
(a) Write the equation for the formation of ammonia.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) Deduce each graph represents which gas, and explain how you derived your
answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(c) A student suggests to mix 15 g of hydrogen with 5 g of nitrogen for complete

reaction in the Haber process to form ammonia.
Give two reasons why he is incorrect.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[5 marks]
A6 The table below shows some properties of oxyacids of chlorine.
reaction with magnesium oxidation

name of acid chemical formula (all acids have the same state of
concentration) chlorine
hypochlorous
HClO only a few bubbles seen
acid
chlorous acid HClO 2 reacts readily
chloric acid HClO 3 vigorous
perchloric acid HClO 4 very vigorous
(a) Suggest why these acids are known as oxyacids.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(b) Complete the table by filling in the oxidation states of chlorine. [2]
(c) State the relationship between the oxidation state of chlorine in the formula and
the strength of the acids.
Explain your reasoning.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(d) State which acid will have the highest electrical conductivity.
Explain your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(e) Suggest a method, beside observations, the student could use to follow the rate
of the reaction.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[10 marks]
A7 A student investigated the volume of hydrogen gas produced by electrolysis of water
by passing electric current through aqueous solution.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the apparatus he could use.
[2]
(b) Explain why pure water cannot be electrolysed.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) Complete the table of information about electrolysis of two aqueous solutions.
name of products of ionic equation for reaction at each

solution
electrolysis electrode
at negative
dilute electrode
aqueous
sodium
chloride at positive
electrode
at negative
concentrated electrode
aqueous
sodium
chloride at positive
electrode
[3]
(d) Use your equations in (c) to explain which aqueous solution can be used to
electrolyse water.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(e) Explain how the composition of the solution in (d) changes after the electrolysis
has been running for some time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[10 marks]
Section B (30 marks)
Answer all three questions in this section.
The last question is in the form of an either/or and only one of the alternatives should be
attempted.
B1 Solubility
Ionic compounds are generally soluble in water, such as sodium chloride, NaCl.
Some ionic solids such as silver chloride, AgCl, are only sparingly soluble (soluble to
a small extent) in water.
The solubility of ionic compounds depends on two factors.
1 The forces of attraction between the water molecules and the ions of the solid;
2 The forces of attraction between the cations and anions of the solid.
If factor 1 is greater than factor 2, the ionic compound will dissolve in water.
Figure B1.1 shows what happens when sodium chloride dissolves in water.
water molecule
hydrated chloride ions
sodium chloride sodium chloride

solution
hydrated sodium ions
Figure B1.1
The solubility of sparingly soluble ionic compounds can be estimated from its solubility
product, K sp , which is only affected by temperature. The higher the K sp value, the
more soluble the compound will be.
Table B1.1 below shows the K sp values of some common ionic compounds.
compound chemical formula K sp (mol2/dm6) at 25oC
barium sulfate BaSO 4 1 x 10-10
calcium carbonate CaCO 3 5 x 10-9
calcium sulfate CaSO 4 2 x 10-5
silver chloride AgCl 2 x 10-10
Table B1.1
Precipitation
By comparing the K sp value and ionic product of a compound, we can predict
whether precipitation of a certain compound will occur when two solutions are mixed
together.
The ionic product is the product of the concentration of cation and anion present in
the mixed solution.
For instance, when a sparingly soluble salt like barium sulfate dissolves in water, it
dissociates into Ba2+ and SO 4 2- according to the equation below.
BaSO 4 (s) ֖ Ba2+(aq) + SO 4 2-(aq)
Ionic product = (concentration of Ba2+ ions in solution) x (concentration of SO 4 2- ions

in solution)
Table B1.2 below shows whether precipitation will occur when comparing ionic
product and K sp of a compound.
types of solution outcome
ionic product = K sp No precipitation.
ionic product < K sp No precipitation.
ionic product > K sp Precipitation is observed.
Table B1.2
(a) Sodium sulfate is another soluble ionic compound.
Draw a similar diagram as the hydrated sodium ion or hydrated chloride ion to
show a hydrated sulfate ion.
[2]
(b) By comparing the two factors affecting solubility as described in the question,
explain why sodium chloride is very soluble in water while silver chloride is only
sparingly soluble.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(c) Predict the relationship between temperature and K sp value of an ionic

compound.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(d) State the least soluble compound found in Table B1.1.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(e) Suggest the name of another ionic compound not present in Table B1.1 that
has a very low K sp value.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(f) Equal volume of a 0.01 mol/dm3 calcium nitrate solution was added to a
0.0025 mol/dm3 sodium sulfate solution to precipitate out calcium sulfate salt as
shown in Figure B1.2 below.
0.01 mol/dm3 0.0025 mol/dm3 of

of calcium sodium sulfate
nitrate
mixed solution
Figure B1.2
Determine, by calculation of ionic product in the mixed solution, and with

reference to Table B1.1 and Figure B1.2, if precipitation of any compound will
occur.
Show your workings clearly in the space provided below.
[3]
(g) Without further addition of any reagent, suggest two ways to increase the
amount of solid precipitated out from a saturated solution.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[12 marks]
B2 Hydrogen burns in oxygen to form water. The energy level diagram for the reaction
is given below.
(a) Water can also be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen using electrolysis.
Electricity is used to provide energy for the electrolysis.
Complete the energy profile diagram for the electrolysis of water.
Your diagram should include
x the reactants and products

x the activation energy and its value
x the enthalpy change of the reaction and its value
energy
progress of reaction
[4]
(b) Complete the table.
enthalpy change when 1 mol enthalpy change when 1 kg of

fuel of H 2 is completely burned in H 2 is completely burned in
kJ/mol kJ/kg
hydrogen,
H2
[2]
(c) Some people think that hydrogen is a completely clean fuel.
Do you agree with the statement? Explain your answers.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[8 marks]
EITHER
B3 Caesium is used in atomic clocks, which help to define the length of a standard
second.
(a) Write a chemical equation, with state symbols, to show what would happen if
caesium atomic clocks were not stored in moisture-free environments.
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(b) Both caesium and sodium are in Group I of the Periodic Table.
Compare the electronic structure of these two atoms and suggest a reason why
caesium is more reactive than sodium.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) A student wants to investigate the relative reactivity of sodium, iron and zinc.
He planned to add sodium to aqueous iron carbonate and aqueous zinc

carbonate.
Suggest reasons why his investigation will not work.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(d) Given the carbonates of the three metals, sodium carbonate, iron carbonate
and zinc carbonate, outline an experiment to determine which is the most
reactive metal. Include in your answers, any assumptions and measurements
you would make, and how you intend to process the data collected to draw your
conclusions.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
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[10 marks]
OR
B3 Figure B3.1 shows the composition of the atmosphere on Venus, Earth and Mars.
% composition of atmosphere
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
others
nitrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
others
others
Figure B3.1
(a) Earth lies between Venus and Mars. The composition of gases in the three
atmospheres is expected to follow a trend. However, it was found that Earth’s
atmosphere deviates from the trend.
Predict the composition of Earth’s atmosphere based on this trend.
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(b) How does the atmosphere on Venus differ from the atmosphere on Earth?
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(c) Venus is often called Earth’s twin since it has almost the same size and density
as Earth. Initially, Earth’s atmosphere was similar to that of Venus.
Suggest and explain what caused the composition of Earth’s atmosphere to

change. Include the processes involved and giving chemical equations for any
reactions.
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[10 marks]
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2020 Preliminary Examination

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Setter: Mdm. Tay Hui Cheng

This document consists of 18 printed pages, INCLUDING the cover page.

ammonia chlorine hydrogen oxygen

Three of their suggestions are:

1 Particles in gases are further apart than particles in liquids.

Which suggestion or suggestions are correct?

A 1 only B 2 only C 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

substance melting point / oC boiling point / oC

At which temperature would two liquids exist?

A -20oC B -15oC C 15oC D 85oC

4 The apparatus shown in the diagram was set up.

A ammonia, NH 3 B carbon dioxide, CO 2

C carbon monoxide, CO D nitrogen, N 2

5 How many of the following physical processes could be used to separate a

Which ion has the R f value of 0.8?

A Fe3+ B Cu2+ C Ag+ D Fe2+

8 Which diagram best represents a mixture of neon and hydrogen bromide?

9 At which temperatures does seawater start to freeze and boil?

start to freeze at start to boil at

S varies yes solid melts

Which classification of the substances as an element, a mixture or a compound

element mixture compound

A 15 protons and 15 neutrons

12 Hydrogen can form both H+ ions and H– ions.

Which statement about these two ions is correct?

A A H+ ion has no electrons in its first shell.

A aluminium oxide B copper(II) iodide

C hydrogen chloride D sodium nitrate

14 Compound R contains two elements, metal Y and non-metal Z.

ions present formula

15 The bonding in sulfuric acid can be represented by the structural formula:

Which set of properties will graphane have?

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

What are the values of w, x, y and z in the above equation?

1 One mole of each gas has the same mass.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 3 only B 2 and 4 only

C 1, 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 4 only

19 The complex [Ag(NH 3 ) x ]+ consists of 76% by mass of silver.

What is the value of x?

20 The formula of an oxide of element Y is Y 3 O 4 .

How many moles of Y does 3 g of the element contain?

21 When solid sodium hydrogencarbonate (M r = 84) is heated strongly, the following

2NaHCO 3 (s) Æ Na 2 CO 3 (s) + H 2 O(g) + CO 2 (g)

What is the loss in mass when 25.2 g of solid sodium hydrogencarbonate is

A 2.7 g B 9.3 g C 15.9 g D 18.6 g

What is the formula of the salt formed?

A RSO 4 B R(SO 4 ) 2 C R 2 SO 4 D R 2 (SO 4 ) 3

23 20 cm3 of hydrogen is reacted with 20 cm3 of oxygen to form a gaseous product.

[All volumes are measured at room temperature and pressure.]

volume of hydrogen volume of oxygen volume of product

24 On heating, ammonium nitrate, NH 4 NO 3 , decomposes to form dinitrogen oxide

When 90 g of an impure sample of ammonium nitrate is heated, 28 g of water is

What is the percentage purity of ammonium nitrate in the impure sample?

25 In the reaction between 23 g of ethanol, C 2 H 5 OH, and excess hydrogen bromide,