Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 39 views

    Dynamic Analysis of Op-Amp

    Uploaded by

    Sayem
    The document discusses dynamic range in the context of op-amps. It defines dynamic range as the ratio of the maximum output voltage to the minimum output voltage an op-amp can produce, usually expressed in decibels. The dynamic range is directly proportional to the power supply voltage, with a higher supply voltage yielding a greater dynamic range. It also analyzes the dynamics of an op-amp circuit, developing equations for the output voltage over time and classifying the circuit as stable, unstable, or neutral based on parameter values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Dynamic Analysis of Op-Amp

    Uploaded by

    Sayem
    39 views5 pages
    The document discusses dynamic range in the context of op-amps. It defines dynamic range as the ratio of the maximum output voltage to the minimum output voltage an op-amp can produce, usually expressed in decibels. The dynamic range is directly proportional to the power supply voltage, with a higher supply voltage yielding a greater dynamic range. It also analyzes the dynamics of an op-amp circuit, developing equations for the output voltage over time and classifying the circuit as stable, unstable, or neutral based on parameter values.

    Original Title

    Dynamic Analysis

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses dynamic range in the context of op-amps. It defines dynamic range as the ratio of the maximum output voltage to the minimum output voltage an op-amp can produce, usually expressed in decibels. The dynamic range is directly proportional to the power supply voltage, with a higher supply voltage yielding a greater dynamic range. It also analyzes the dynamics of an op-amp circuit, developing equations for the output voltage over time and classifying the circuit as stable, unstable, or neutral based on parameter values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views5 pages

    Dynamic Analysis of Op-Amp

    Uploaded by

    Sayem
    The document discusses dynamic range in the context of op-amps. It defines dynamic range as the ratio of the maximum output voltage to the minimum output voltage an op-amp can produce, usually expressed in decibels. The dynamic range is directly proportional to the power supply voltage, with a higher supply voltage yielding a greater dynamic range. It also analyzes the dynamics of an op-amp circuit, developing equations for the output voltage over time and classifying the circuit as stable, unstable, or neutral based on parameter values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Dynamic Analysis of Op-amp

    DYNAMIC RANGE
    The Signal-Noise Ratio (SNR) is a measure of how strong the signal is compared
    to the noise. The Dynamic Range is just the SNR for the maximum possible
    signal.
    Dynamic Range, in the context of electrical engineering, specifies the range of
    possible or acceptable values that a dynamic signal can assume when delivered
    to or produced by a given system.

    Figure-11: Dynamic Range


    Output dynamic range is the range, usually given in dB, between the smallest and
    largest useful output levels. The lowest useful level is limited by output noise,
    while the largest is limited most often by distortion. The ratio of these two is
    quoted as the amplifier dynamic range.

    It is extremely hard to define dynamic range for an op amp. A good place to start
    is with a DAC that defines dynamic range as the ratio of the maximum output
    voltage to the smallest output voltage that the DAC can produce (the least
    significant bit). You usually express dynamic range in decibels using the formula
    in Equation-1:
    ( )
    Dynamic Range =20 log (1)
    ( )

    You can use the same definition of dynamic range for an op amp, and the
    maximum-output-voltage swing equals Vout (max). You define this output voltage
    swing as the maximum output voltage that the op amp can achieve (VOH) minus
    the minimum output voltage it can achieve (VOL). You can easily obtain VOH and
    VOL from an op-amp-IC data sheet. Normally, VOH and VOL are guaranteed
    minimum and maximum parameters, respectively. These parameters yield
    Equation-2:
    Vout (max) =VOH(Min) –VOL(Max) (2)

    Equation-2 illustrates the role that power-supply voltage plays in limiting the
    dynamic range. VOH(Min) is the most positive power-supply voltage minus the
    voltage across the upper output transistor; thus, VOH (Min) is directly proportional
    to the most positive power-supply voltage. For any op amp, the output voltage
    swing is directly proportional to the power-supply voltage; thus, in the same op
    amp, the dynamic range is directly proportional to the power-supply voltage.

    Figure-12: Representing dynamics of op-amp

    Considering this circuit and let’s analyze its dynamics to build insight.
    Figure-13: Dynamics of Op-Amp
    Let’s develop equation representing time behavior of Vo,
    𝐯𝟎 = 𝐀𝐯 ∗
    𝐯𝟎
    ⇒ 𝐯∗ =
    𝐀
    Now,
    𝐝𝐯 ∗
    𝐑𝐂 + 𝐯∗ = 𝐯 − 𝐯
    𝐝𝐭
    𝐑𝐂 𝐝𝐯𝟎 𝐯𝟎
    ⇒ + =𝐯 −𝐯
    𝐀 𝐝𝐭 𝐀

    Here,
    𝐑 𝟏 𝐯𝟎
    𝐯 = = 𝛄 𝐯𝟎 𝐚𝐧𝐝
    𝐑𝟏 + 𝐑𝟐
    𝐑 𝟑 𝐕𝟎
    𝐯 = = 𝛄 𝐯𝟎
    𝐑𝟑 + 𝐑𝟒
    𝐑𝐂 𝐝𝐯𝟎 𝐯𝟎
    So, + = (𝛄 − 𝛄 )𝐯𝟎
    𝐀 𝐝𝐭 𝐀

    𝐝𝐯𝟎 𝟏 𝐀
    ⇒ + + (𝛄 − 𝛄 ) 𝐯𝟎 = 𝟎
    𝐝𝐭 𝐑𝐂 𝐑𝐂
    𝐝𝐯𝟎 𝐀 𝟏
    ⇒ + (𝛄 − 𝛄 )𝐯𝟎 = 𝟎; 𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠
    𝐝𝐭 𝐑𝐂 𝐑𝐂
    𝐝𝐯𝟎 𝐯𝟎 𝐑𝐂
    ⇒ + = 𝟎; 𝐖𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 (𝐓𝐢𝐦𝐞)𝐓 = 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐯𝟎 (𝟎) = 𝟎
    𝐝𝐭 𝐓 𝐀(𝛄 − 𝛄 )

    Considering a small disturbance to V0 (noise):


    𝐭
    𝟏. 𝐈𝐟 𝛄 > 𝛄 ; 𝐓 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞; 𝐯𝟎 = 𝐤𝐞 𝐓 [𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞]
    𝐭
    2. If 𝛄 > 𝛄 ; T is negative; 𝐯𝟎 = 𝐤𝐞 |𝐓| [Unstable]

    𝟑. 𝐈𝐟 𝛄 = 𝛄 ; 𝐓 𝐢𝐬 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞; 𝐯𝟎 = 𝐤 [𝐍𝐞𝐮𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥]


    Figure-14: Graphical Presentation

    You might also like