Name : Aprilia Putri Handayani

NPM : 1711040023

Class : 6A
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of The Problem

One of the basic skills in English is speaking. Speaking is the ability that

requires the process of communicative competence, pronunciation, intonation, grammar,

and vocabulary. There are some factors which influence speaking ability. One of them

is personality. Students’ personality has an important role in the teaching and learning

process. It is necessary to develop because it can be influence the students in learning.

According to Krishnamurthy Kavirayani personality is the way we think, feel,

perceive, and react to the external world, which has been thought of by different

workers since ancient times.1 It means that personality is defined as the subjective

awareness of someone into himself which is different from other perceptions.

There are many personalities, one of the personalities which is most assumed

that has relation to one’s speaking ability is extraversion. Extroversion personality is

social, practical, appear affectionate, good conversationalists, active and lively. They

are habitually outgoing, prefer outdoor activities, tend to be essentially social,

participating in various social and personal activities.

Based on the my english teacher experience, personality of students is very

influential towards their speaking ability. She said that some students were able to

1
Krishnamurthy Kavirayani, “Historical Perspectives on Personality – The Past and Current
Concept: The Search is Not Yet Over”,Nepal,2018,P. 180
speak English as senior high school students, but some others were not able to speak

English.

In a previous research, Abdallah & Sheir (2015) investigated the Personality

Types as Predictors of Oral Fluency in Palestine. The objective of this study was to

reveal any correlation between extrovert-introvert Palestinian EFL learners and their

oral fluency. The participants of this study were 36 people of the fourth year EFL

undergraduates whose age were around 21 to 22 years old. The psychometrics tool used

in this study was Eysenck Personality Questionnaire which is useful to measure the

degree of extraversion-introversion. The result showed that there is significant

correlation between extrovert-introvert (Personality Types) and Oral fluency in

Palestine.

To begin with, this study differs from the previous ones in terms of focus. This

research is specifically focusing on the speaking ability. Different place and participants

are also being the writer’s consideration to take this issue which may produce the

different results. Finally, the writer concludes to make a research as “The correlation

between students’ extroversion personality and and their speaking ability”.

B. Identification of The Problem

According to the background above, there were some problems :

1. Some of the students are not able to speak confidently.

2. Some of the students are afraid of speaking English

3. Some of the students are not able to pronounce English accurately.

5. Some of the students are not able to speak grammatically.

C. Limitation of Problem

This research focuses on the correlation of the students’ extroversion personality

and their speaking ability in the first semester of tenth grade of SMAN 1 Tulang

Bawang Tengah in 2019/2020 academic year.

D. Formulation of The Problem

Based on the background of the study above the problem of this research can be

formulated as follows. Is there any significant correlation between the students’

extroversion personality and their speaking ability in the first semester of tenth grade of

SMAN 1 Tulang Bawang Tengah in 2019/2020 academic year?

REVIEW OR RELATED LITERATURE

A. Definition of Speaking

According to Anne Burns speaking is a highly dynamic psycholinguistic process

involving complex cognitive, linguistic, and motor skills.2 It means that, speaking has

an important skill in daily life, because it is the main skill in communication. Without

speaking we can not socializate with the others.

Lumettu and Runtuwene stated that speaking as a forementioned is one of the

four main language skills. It is described as the ability to express oneself in life situation

or the ability to express sequence of ideas fluently.3 It means that, speaking is to send

the message to another one or to be able to communicate about something by using a

language and understood by someone who becomes the listener.

B. Definition of Personality

According to Krishnamurthy Kavirayani personality is the way we think,

feel, perceive, and react to the external world, which has been thought of by different

workers since ancient times.4 It means that personality is defined as the subjective

awareness of someone into himself which is different from other perceptions.

2
Anna Burns,”Research and The Teaching of Speaking In The Second Language
Classroom”,Sydney,2017,P. 245
3
Lumettu, Runtuwene,”Developing the Students’ English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu
Speaking Method”,Manado,2018, P. 2
4
Krishnamurthy Kavirayani, “Historical Perspectives on Personality – The Past and Current
Concept: The Search is Not Yet Over”,Nepal,2018,P. 180
 Jana Uher stated that personality as “a person’s characteristic pattern of

behaviors in the broad sense (including thoughts, feelings, and motivation) .5 It means

that personality is the whole aspects of someone’s behavior which make him different

among others and meaningful in society.

Personality consists of several variables and they are found different from one

person to another. In this research,the researcher choose extroversion personality.

C. Definition of Extroversion Personality

Brown states that extroversion is the extent to which a person has a deep-seated

to receive ego enhancement, self-esteem, and a sense of wholeness from other people as

opposed to receiving that affirmation within oneself. 6Extrovert is not always talkative

and they need other people to position themselves in society.

Fatma Hsain stated that extrovert is a person who is more concerned with what

is happening around him than in his own emotions and thoughts.While, introvert means

a person who is more concerned with his own emotions and feelings than in issues

outside himself.

5
Jana Uher,”Basic Definitions in Personality Psychology: Challenges for Conceptual
Integrations”,London,2017,P. 2

6
Brown, D. H.,Principle of Language Learning & Teaching (4th Edition). (New York:
Longman),2000,p.155
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design

In this research, the researcher used correlation research. Correlation research

is the relationship of two variables or more are studied without any attempt to influence

them.7 Correlation research is also sometimes referred to as from of descriptive research

because it describes an existing relationship between two variables. So the research was

only focused on whether there is correlation between students’ personality and their

speaking ability.

The researcher was it by analyzing the data, which were taken from the test of

students’ between students’ extroversion personality and and their speaking ability.

Then, data (score) were gained from test were analyzed to see whether students’

extroversion personality relates to their speaking ability.

B. Variable of the Research

According to Arikunto, a variable is the object of the research or what is the

focal point of research.8 In this research, there are two variables used to investigate

namely: independent variable and dependent variable.

1. The Independent variable (X) Independent variable is the students’ extroversion

personality.
7
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, How to Design and Evaluate Research in
Education(7thEd),(New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009), p. 328
8
Suharsimi Arikunto. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, (Jakarta: RenekaCipta,
2006), p.96
2. The Dependent variable (Y) The dependent variable is the students speaking skill.

D. Sampling Technique

In getting the sample from population, the researcher is using cluster random

sampling. Fraenkel and Wallen state that the selection of groups, or cluster, of subject

rather than individuals is known as cluster random sampling.9 The name of each class

was written in small piece of paper, and then the paper will roll and put in a box. After

that, the box would shake, and then the researcher is tooking a piece of the roll papers

and chose the written class as a sample of the research.

E. Data Collecting Technique

The next step of this research is collecting the data; the function of data is to determine

the result of the research. In collecting data, the writer used two techniques,

questionnaire and test.

1. Questionnaire

Questionnaire is data collection technique done by gave set of questionnaire

written statement to the respondent answer.10. In this research, the writer used Five

Factor Model questionnaire which is consists of close ended questions. This model was

aimed to measure the participants’ personality whether it is extrovert or introvert. The

writer chose Five Factor Model as psychometric tools to measure students’ personality

traits because it is a combination and renovation of all traits from the previous experts

9
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, How to Design and Evaluate Research in
Education(7thEd),(New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009), p. 98
10
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D),
(Bandung: Alfabeta, 2009), p. 7
and can be applied in any assessment technique of personality, objective test, and

observation.

2. Speaking Test

Before administering speaking test, the writer had previously prepared some

topics that are suitable to the speaking class students’ ability. Then, she also prepared

some aspects that will be scored during speaking test such as: pauses, comprehensibility

and pronunciation, repetition and hesitation. The speaking test aims to test the English

speaking fluency of the selected participants who are classified in Extrovert and

Introvert based on the results of the questionnaire. All participants were speaking

English and were tape-recorded. Each individual took about 3-5 minutes to complete

the oral monologue task.

F. Data Analysis

To analyze the data, the researcher was used parametric statistics. In parametric

statistics, there are two assumption which must be fulfilled, they were normality test and

homogenity test.

1. Fulfillment of the Assumptions

Parametric statistical significances tests, such as analysis of variance and least squares

regression, were widely use by researchers in many diciplines, include statistics

parametric test to produce accurate results, the assumption underlying them such as

normality test and linearity test must be statisfied.

a. Normality Tes
Normality test was used to know whether the data had a normal distribution or not.

When the data had been collected, the normality test was applied. In this research,

statistical computation by using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) was used

for normality test.

The hypotheses for normality test were formulated below :

Ha : The data are normally distributed

Ho : The data are not normally distributed

While the criteria of acceptance or rejection of normality test were as follows: Ho is

accepted if Sig. > α = 0.05

Ha is accepted if Sig. < α = 0.0

b. Linearity Test

Linearity test used to know the size of the linear relationship between two

variable x and y. To know the data obtained are linear or not,the writer used SPSS

(Stastistical Program for Social Science) to check it in order to make the writer easy.

Thus,the writer check the result of linearity by comparing with significant level (α =

0.05). If the result is higher than α,it means that the data are linear.