CEILING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. CEILING AND ITS HISTORY
3. TYPES OF CEILING
 STANDARD CEILING
 DOMED CEILING
 DROPPED OR FALSE CEILING
 TRAY OR RECESSEC CEILING
 TALL CEILING
 BEAMES CEILING
 COFFERED CEILING
 BARREL VAULT CEILING
 CATHEDRAL CEILING
 SHED CEILING
 EXPOSED CEILING
4. FALSE CEILING
 POP,PLASTER OF PARIS CEILINGS
 WOODEN OR PLYWOOD CEILINGS
 GYPSUM CEILINGS
 METAL CEILINGS
 PVC CEILINGS
 FABRIC CEILINGS
 MINERAL FIBER CEILINGS
 GLASS CEILING
5. FIVE WAYS THAT CUSTOM CEILING FEATURES CAN ENHANCE
AN INTERIOR SPACE
 THEMATIC CEILINF FEATURES
 FLUID LIGHTING FEATURES
 LIGHTENING THE MOOD
 CREATE INTIMATE SPACES
 MAKING AN ENTRANCE
6. CONCLUSION

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 CEILING
 INTRODUCTION
The ceiling – commonly referred to as "the fifth wall," – has the potential to transform an
interior space from average into extraordinary. Traditionally, when we look for a new house
or think of our dream home, the first thing we think of is space and hope for an abundance of
it. Often, this includes wide floor plans, ample outdoor or balcony area, and, of course, high
ceilings

Ceiling provides the largest unrestricted view of a room and is the first thing people notice
when they enter building premises. It has to be designed in artistic manner. Improve the
ceiling aesthetics as it the way everyone gets delighted when noticing. Ceiling has a huge
surface area; it plays a significant role in the thermal comfort of a room.

 CEILING AND ITS HISTORY

Ceilings have been favourite places for decoration from the earliest times: either by painting
the flat surface, by emphasizing the structural members of roof or floor, or by treating it as a
field for an overall pattern of relief. Little is known of ancient Greek ceilings, but Roman
ceilings were rich with relief and painting, as is evidenced by the vault soffits of Pompeian
baths. During the Gothic period, the general tendency to use structural elements decoratively
led to the development of the beamed ceiling, in which large cross-girders support smaller

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

floor beams at right angles to them, beams and girders being richly chamfered and molded
and often painted in bright colours.

In the Renaissance, ceiling design was developed to its highest pitch of originality and variety.
Three types were elaborated. The first was the coffered ceiling, in the complex design of
which the Italian Renaissance architects far outdid their Roman prototypes. Circular, square,
octagonal, and L-shaped coffers abounded, with their edges richly carved and the field of each
coffer decorated with a rosette. The second type consisted of ceilings wholly or partially
vaulted, often with arched intersections, with painted bands emphasizing the architectural
design and with pictures filling the remainder of the space. The loggia of the Farnesina villa in
Rome, decorated by Raphael and Giulio Romano, is a good example of this. In the third type,
which was particularly characteristic of Venice, the ceiling became one large framed picture,
as in the Doges’ Palace

In modern architecture ceilings may be divided into two major classes—

-the suspended (or hung) ceiling

-the exposed ceiling.

 TYPES OF CEILING

 STANDARD CEILING
Standard or conventional ceilings are the average in most homes. They have a flat surface
without any additional embellishments or decorations beyond simplistic options such as coats
of paint and they’re often very easy to decorate since they offer you an even plane as a
foundation. If you want a more intricate ceiling design, we’ll discuss these later.

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 DOMED CEILING
This type of ceiling resembles the shape of a dome or a half sphere.

 DROPPED OR FALSE CEILING

It is suspended from the true ceiling with metal channels.

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 TRAY OR RECCESED CEILING

 TALL CEILING

A tall ceiling forms an interesting feature within any space because it brings in an element of
spaciousness and openness

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 BEAMED CEILING
A beamed ceiling is a traditional style of ceiling found in homes where the load-bearing
wooden beams are exposed on the inside of the home.

 COFFERED CEILING

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

In a coffered ceiling, the entire ceiling is divided into a uniform grid of square or rectangular
sunken panels.

 BARREL VAULT CEILING

A barrel vault ceiling is a barrel-shaped ceiling with an arch that runs the length of the ceiling.

 CATHEDRAL CEILING
A cathedral ceiling comprises symmetrical or equal sloping sides that connect in the middle of
the room

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 SHED CEILING
A shed ceiling has a slope that slants towards one side of the enclosed or semi-open space.

 EXPOSED CEILING
An exposed ceiling works best for an industrial-themed space where services like the AC
ducts, wires and other services are left exposed.

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 FALSE CEILING
 POP, PLASTER OF PARIS-
This is the most popularly used ceiling board. Made from heated gypsum, it softens to form
water that instantly hardens to give POP. This material is applied to a wood base or fibreboard
and then hangs as a false ceiling.

It has attractive looks and a long-lasting lifespan. Even better, it excellently insulates thermal
heat. This type of ceilings will not only hide the ugly construction pieces, ventilation channels
and drains but also provides smooth finishes.
Advantage
 It provides a smooth, even finish and can be molded to the desired shape.
 Its surface is painted to match your inner style.
 It is lightweight and yet durable.
 Its beauty lies in an indirect system of non-natural light.
Disadvantages
 Prone to insect damages
 The mixing procedure on-site is long and messy.
 When applying it a lot of the mixture gets wasted.
 Prone to cracking.

Market price

 Rs 25/square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 WOODEN OR PLYWOOD CEILING
Many homeowners find pleasure in natural beauty and tranquility in the interiors. One best
way of achieving the rustic appearance in the ceiling is to use wooden beams. These can be
arranged to form several patterns of modern looks on the ceiling. The impact will be pleased
to any viewer. Today, the plywood ceilings are common thanks to their natural design and
textures. This can be provided with different finishes that add to its attractiveness. The
material can either be from hollow blocks, panels, boards or even plywood. Generally, they
suit well cool climatic and easily installed with screws or nails.
Advantages
 Strong and gorgeous.
 Finished in different ways or painted for the chosen look.
 Treating the material increases its lifespan.
Disadvantages
 Hard to maintain because of susceptibility to termite damages.
 Thermal control is needed to minimize the humidity levels.
 Prone to physical changes and warping over time.
 Costly so not fit for commercial use.

Market Price

 Rs 750 Square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 GYMSUM CEILING
Gypsum ceilings are either constructed from gypsum sheets, boards, or even ceiling tiles. The
material is available in large sizes of 600 mm × 600 mm. The material is versatile, tough, and
economical. It is sterilized calcium sulfate, lightweight and quite easy to install. The contents
further make them fire-resistant, soundproof; thus, the most preferred for making a drop
ceiling.

Often positioned like square planks all of them are supported by a metal frame. Gypsum
board ceilings are finished using paints, wallpapers, and laminates. This way you get to
enhance the looks of your interior.
Advantages
 Highly flexible as it comes in different shapes and designs including stepped, plain, coffered,
curved, drop design, pelmet, etc.
 If reinforced with glass fiber, then it excellently insulates against heat.
 Leaves a fireproof ceiling. Expose it to fire, it produces water, changes to steam that combats
the fire.
Disadvantages
 Not suitable for damp conditions.
 Hard to mold to various forms.
 Difficult to recycle thus many times is thrown in land-fills.

Market price

 Rs 65 -95/square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 METAL CEILING
Metal is usually loved because the material is durable and shiny. This enhances the beauty of
the interior of a home. The forms used as ceilings come as planks, tiles, and panels. And the
most popular ones include aluminum and galvanized iron.
The tiles as well are available in different thicknesses and sizes. These metal tiles and panels
are placed on a noticeable steel grating having cross-sections and T-sections. They are hung
underneath the ceiling using rods. What is more, you have a chance to use them in several
designs. This creates an extraordinary look and a contemporary feel.
Fixing and installing these metal slips is easy and takes fewer efforts. The concealed parts are
accessed without troubles because the panels are removable and reattached. This ends with
low construction, fixing, and maintenance costs.
Advantages
 Good for workplaces that need sparkling environments and easy maintenance including as
the machinery housings, Air Handling Units, among others.
 Fire-resistant so you have no worry about safety!
 No incidences of cracking or warping over time. It retains the original shape. Without any
issues of peeling, it means that close to zero repairs and maintenance are needed.
Disadvantages
 Investing in genuine metal is costly. Remember you will need to protect the material against
corrosion.

Market price

 Rs 110 -140/square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 PVC CEILING
Considering PVC as a ceiling material is one of the best decisions. It is lightweight, moisture-
resistant and inhibits the soaking of water on the ceiling. Thanks to the fact that they are easy
to clean these are ideal solutions to the common problem of unclean ceilings. Its surface is
bright and hygienic, thus effortless to maintain.

Generally, they are easily installed, durable, waterproof, maintenance-free, and termite-
proof. Because it is non-porous and non-absorbent, the material allows you to fit in flush-
fitting, access hatches, lighting, sprinklers, and air vents. There are various color options for
you to choose what blends well with your interior decor. What is more, the surface can be
polished or painted as desired.
Advantages
 Not costly to build and install.
 Often produced in masses. This makes it possible to get them from many distributors and
close to all the possible colors.
 Sturdy and durable so will last for a long time and needs little maintenance.
Disadvantages
 This material is made using chlorine. Naturally, this gas is toxic and dangerous.
 Less attractive unlike the other ceiling types.

Market Price

 0.5mm = 220 -290/piece

 8mm = 60 -95/square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 CLOTH CEILING
Fabric is undoubtedly very economical and wrapped underneath the ceilings. This material is
mostly used for short-term purposes in places like yoga rooms, churches, function halls,
restaurants, etc. This type of ceiling includes either cloth or leather. Because they are man-
made it comes in different shapes, forms, and designs.

This way there is an enhanced aesthetic outlook inside the building. Fabrics diffuse light with a
highly comfortable amount. Although this ceiling could not be functional like the other types it
extremely adds the aesthetics of someplace.
Advantages
 Quick and easy to install so no professional skills are required.
 No aesthetic ceiling coverings have similar high-quality fabric features
Disadvantages
 It absorbs odors and collects dust
 It is not permanently used.
 One worrying feature of having this ceiling type is the issue of pests. The insects get into any
available space so it can start breeding there and cause too many troubles.

Market Price

 Rs 200/square feet

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 MINERAL FIBER CEILING
Mineral fiber ceiling tiles are made from natural and synthetic minerals. The material is
usually ceramics that are reinforced using natural stone, vegetable fiber, wood, bitumen, and
even tars. Such a process boosts its insulation ability. Therefore, it perfectly works as a heat
and sound insulator. The ceiling tiles come in different shapes, sizes, and patterns. The units
are quite economical and take a shorter time to install.
Advantages
 This material offers high protection against fire and sound.
 The fiber added makes the material hard and tough.
Disadvantages
 Not suitable for use in residential homes. They are attractive as home interior .

Market Price

 Rs 26/square Fee

 GLASS CEILING
Glass is known to be a brittle, non-crystalline, and clear material. This transparency leaves any
space looking larger where it is used. Therefore, it works well as the ceiling in libraries and
restaurants, libraries, etc. Glass is a good heat insulator and glass false ceilings look
remarkable. To overcome the problems of lack of privacy due to transparency of glass, it can
be made non-brittle and opaque, using certain admixtures. This type of ceiling leaves any
building with a better aesthetical appearance.
Advantages
 Space can be explored without obstruction.
 It can be patterned, colored, or laminated to provide an exciting focal point
Disadvantages

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

 Lacks privacy.
 Considerably reduces the normal height of the ceiling. Hence not suitable to be installed
without a decent height of the ceiling.

Market price

 Rs 350 -600 Square feet

Gypsum*/
Wooden Rate
City POP
Per Square Feet (in Rs.)
Rate Per Square Feet (in Rs.)

Mumbai 75-120 100-800

Pune 125-170 85 (faux wood)-550

NCR 85-130 120-1,120

Ahmedabad 50-120 100-500

Kolkata 50-150 75-360

Chennai 50-350 >1,750

Bengaluru 55-160 80-650

Hyderabad
CEILING 50-350
|INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO 150
COST VALUATION OF CEILING MATERIALS

*Note: These approximate rates only include material cost for gypsum panels and the
aluminium framework, as well as labour costs — in most cases for a single level, plain ceiling.

FIVE WAYS THAT CUSTOM CEILING FEATURES CAN ENHANCE AN

INTERIOR SPACE
1. Thematic Ceiling Features

2. Fluid Lighting Features

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO

3. Lightening the Mood

4. Creating Intimate Spaces

5. Making an Entrance

CONCLUSION
The design and profile of the ceiling is one of the most important elements of home decor. It
provides a much-needed barrier against the elements above, aids in acoustics, and keeps
necessary elements like lighting held securely in place. Gone are the days of the ceiling being a
neglected part of the design space.

Now it's an aesthetic need.

CEILING |INTERIOR DESIGN STUDIO