Ceiling types and Finishes

Prepared by: Joshima V.M., UoN Oman

Types of Ceiling
1. Drywall ceiling 7. Panel ceiling
2. Drop/ 8. Cove ceiling
suspended 9. Tin ceiling
ceiling 10.Popcorn ceiling
3. Coffered ceiling 11.Luminous ceiling
4. Cathedral ceiling 12.Beam ceiling
5. Shed ceiling 13.Acoustical
6. Tray ceiling ceiling
DRYWALL CEILING

 Drywall is a panel made of gypsum plaster

pressed between two thick sheets of
paper.
 This is the ceiling style commonly seen in
most homes.
 Conventional drywall ceilings are typically
2.4m high, have an uncluttered, flat
surface, and are easy to decorate.
start with one corner of the room, by using a full drywall board.
Metal stud ceiling frame

polyethylene vapor barrier

Installing drywall on ceiling

Fixing the drywall ceiling with screws

Drywall ceiling joints

Finishing drywall ceiling with putty

Drop/ Suspended Ceiling
A suspended ceiling or “drop ceiling” is a
metal grid ceiling that hangs below an
existing flat ceiling and is attached by
hangers or wires.
 Lightweight, acoustic panels are laid into
the metal grid to create the ceiling.
 Suspended ceilings stylishly hide wiring,
plumbing, mechanical fixtures, and the
original ceiling.
Drop/ Suspended Ceiling
 Drop/
Suspended
Ceiling
 COFFERED CEILING
 Coffered ceilings is
made using a 24” x 24”
grid system and either
deep or shallow
lightweight, coffered
panels that fit inside.
 The effect creates a
waffle-like pattern that
takes a commanding role
in a room.
Cathedral Ceiling
 Cathedral ceilings goes
up to 4.5m or higher,
creating a dramatic
design element, as well as
an open, spacious feel to
a room or entryway.
CATHEDRAL CEILING
Shed
ceiling
 A shed ceiling has a flat surface that slants
upward on one side. These ceilings are
typically seen in homes with dormers or in
homes where the attic has been extended to
create additional living space.
TRAY CEILING

 Tray ceilings are flat with a rectangular

center that is recessed to add architectural
interest and provides a sense of
spaciousness.
 This inverted space may be used for lighting
fixtures or to add a visually appealing design
element, like a contrasting paint color or
even a different ceiling material.
 Tray ceilings are typically seen in living and
dining rooms, which are often the main
entertainment areas in a home.
Tray ceiling
Panel ceiling
Panel ceiling
 Planks or panels are precisely cut,
installed side-by-side and then stained or
sealed to adorn flat or vaulted ceilings.
They provide an elegant or cozy cottage
feel.
Cove ceiling
Cove ceiling
A gracefully curved arch that unites the
ceiling and the upper walls and corners,
eliminating sharp transitions and offering
soft lines.
Tin ceiling
Tin ceiling
 Traditionally, sheets of thin tin
plates are stamped with a
design and snugly meshed.
Today, a faster way to achieve
the tin look is to use a hand-
painted finish or aluminium or
plastic panels.
 Your ceiling must be at least
3m high to pull off the look, In
smaller rooms tin ceilings can
seem claustrophobic.
Popcorn ceiling
 Lumpy off-white or gray ceilings were
commonly sprayed onto the drywall
ceiling.
 Popcorn ceilings also are messy to
remove.
 It collects lot of dust and is difficult to
clean.
Beam ceiling
Beam ceiling
 Exposed beams or joists, often in a dark
finish to contrast with a white ceiling.
 They're arranged horizontally and
generally intersect at various points.They
provide a masculine or rustic elegance.
Acoustical ceiling
Acoustical ceiling
 Acoustical ceilings are typically covered with muted
tiles.
 This ceiling feature isn't about "look" as much as it is
about absorbing noise in a home theater, gym or
office.
 These ceilings are often used in specialized media or
music rooms.
 Acoustic ceilings are judged, by their Noise Reduction
Coeffcient which measures the average percentage of
sound energy that a material absorbs. An NRC of 1
indicates perfect absorption.
 Acoustic tiles can be different colors, shapes and
elevations.
Luminous ceiling
Luminous ceiling
 Plastic ceiling panels cover the fluorescent
light fixtures.
 When the fluorescent light is turned on, the
ceiling panels will soften the radiant light and
appear luminous.
 Natural sunlight is the example for Luminous
Ceilings.
 The room appears with daylight illumination
with an almost shadow-free, homogeneous
lighting - as if there is no artificial light
source.
 No disturbances.
Ceiling installation
1. Ceiling installation in a building need to
focus on various factors for the strength,
safety and durability of the installation.
Safety
 Ceiling systems are not designed to carry
excess or additional structural load.
 Hence catwalks are installed where
access is required to other services above
the ceiling.

 Any loadthat is installed below the ceiling

should be independently supported.
Safety
 A catwalk is an elevated
service platform from which
many of the technical functions
of a building such as lighting and
sound, may be manipulated.
2. Fire resistance
 Fire –resistance rating is used to indicate
the performance of a constructed ceiling
system.
 Fire rating is expressed in time. In minutes
or hours.
3. Humidity
 Modern ceiling panels are all designed and
composed to improve sag resistance.
 Tiles are manufactured to different
humidity specifications, ranging from 70%
to 95%.
 Humidity in the buildings must be
stabilized before installing the ceiling tiles.
 Adequate ventilation and insulation
should be provided to prevent
condensation.
4. Light Reflectance
 Light reflectance is the ability of surface
to reflect light back into the space.
 Ranges from 0.8 to 0.92, reflectance of
0.85 is considered to be high.
 5. Accessories
 Baffles: are used to assist with
acoustical control in open
plan offices.
 Signs are used to offer
information.
 Appendages may include a
range of items like
promotional items suspended
from ceilings in retail stores
for a limited period.
6. Control joint
 Control joints are installed/ provided to
give room for expansion or contraction
due to climate changes.
 These are either manufactured devices
for the specific purpose or field fabricated
with suitable materials.
 Baffle/sign weight should not place stress
on the ceiling grid. In case the weight
exceeds the limit, extra support should be
given to the ceiling grid.
 Suspension of these items should always
be from the main tie.
 Any suspension that caused the grid to
deflect more than 1/360 of the span is not
allowed and should be suspended
separately.
Thermal Insulation
 Insulation isthe cost effective way to
improve energy efficiency of a home or a
building.
 Insulation of building envelopes keep the
heat balance to improve comfort and save
energy.
Thermal insulation
 The term insulation refers to materials
which provide substantial resistance to
heat flow.
 When these materials are installed in the
ceiling, wall or floors of the building, heat
flow into/ out of the building is reduced
and the need for heating and cooling is
minimized.
Principles of insulation
 Resistance to heat flow is achieved by the
use of either bulk insulation or reflective
insulation or a combination of both, which
work in different ways.
 Bulk insulation: reduces heat transfer through
conduction and convection.

 Reflective/ Radiant insulation: reduces heat

transfer with the help of air spaces to reduce
radiant heat transfer. This reflects heat rather
than letting it pass by.
Thermal mass
 Thermal mass is the ability of the
materials to absorb heat, store it and
release it later.
Thermal values
 Thermalperformance of all buildings
components except doors and windows
are expressed in terms of R-value.

 Fordoors and windows, U-value express

the thermal performance.
R-value ( Thermal Resistance)
 This is R-value, also known as thermal
resistance.
 Higher R-value better resistance and
better insulation.
 Products with same R-value will provide
exactly the same insulating effects, unless
they are correctly installed.
U-value (Thermal Transmittance)
 U-value is the transfer of heat through a
material, combination of materials or
materials in combination with air spaces.
 U-value indicates the thermal properties
of glass and helps to calculate the heat
losses and gains.
 U-value is the reciprocal of R-value.
 R= 1/U
 If R=2, then U= ½
 A smaller U-value results in lower heat
flow and therefore less heat loss.