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Religion and Ethics

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Religion and Ethics

Practically, ethics may be defined as a system of moral principles which affect how people
make decisions and lead their lives. Ethics is concerned with what is good and right for a
person and society.

On the other hand, religion is defined as “people and opinions concerning the existence,
nature, and worship of a deity or deities, and divine involvement in the universe and human
life” (Religion, 2009). Referring to the sacred engagement with that which is believed to be a
spiritual reality, religion denotes the belief in, or the worship of, a god (or gods) and the
worship or service to God or the Supernatural.

A religion is also viewed as an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and


worldviews that relate humanity to an order of existence (Religion, n.d). Many religions
possess Holy Scripture, narratives, or sacred accounts that aim to explain the origin and
meaning of life and the universe.

Religion’s Role in Ethics


Many ethicists believe that the religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality as
an integral part of human life, especially in a globalized world. University of Tennessee,
Knoxville (UTK) Philosophy professor Glenn C. Graber calls this apologetic claim the ‘cut-
flowers thesis’ (1922, pp.1-5) which consists of hypothetical judgment that, “Morality cannot
survive, in the long run, if its ties to religion are cut.” This proposition is a prediction of what
would happen to morality if it were severed from religion. In 1984, Russian writer Leo
Tolstoy (1828-1910) made the following early statement of this thesis.

The cut-flower thesis thus implies that those who believe that morality is a valuable human
institution, and those who wish to avoid moral disaster, should therefore make every effort to
preserve its connection with the true religion and the sound religious belief that forms its
roots. As morality is currently in a withering stage in this globalized era, its decline can be
identified with the exorbitant secularization of many things. Support for this claim be found
both among those sympathetic to religion and surprisingly enough, among those with little or
no sympathy for religion.

All these statements call attention to the prediction of the cut-flower thesis which, by way of
summary, suggests that morality cannot survive without religion. Some words of caution are
needed here though: The cut-flower thesis does not say that a consequence of abandoning
religion leads immediately to murder, rape, robbery, drunkenness, sexual promiscuity, and
the like. Nor does it say that the morality per se will soon cease to exist if its ties to religion
are cut. However, it does argue that to have a real ground no reason for moral action; one
must admit a religious or theological foundation.

Theistic Ethics
Religions fundamentally endorse theism (the belief in God) and theistic ethics (God-based
morality). Theistic ethics believes that a supernatural being called God is the foundation of
morality. God is viewed as true source of all moral laws, and as the only plausible cause of
moral obligations which possess overriding and binding character.
Theism claim that unlike secularists’ ethical theories, this moral system which is also called
moral supernaturalism can satisfactorily explain the existence of objective ethical values
and the moral law.

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