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Exercise A2 Multiple-Degree-Of-Freedom System: Authors: Submitted (Date) : 2019-08-30 Approved by (Name/date)

This document analyzes the dynamic response of a 4-story frame structure subjected to harmonic loads. Matlab scripts are used to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The structure is analyzed for loads applied on the lower and upper floors. The maximum displacements at each node are summarized in a table for both loading cases. Natural frequencies of 1.3028, 3.7513, 5.7474, and 7.0502 Hz are obtained. Larger displacements occur when the load is applied to the upper floor compared to the lower floor.

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xiaoqi wang
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
172 views

Exercise A2 Multiple-Degree-Of-Freedom System: Authors: Submitted (Date) : 2019-08-30 Approved by (Name/date)

This document analyzes the dynamic response of a 4-story frame structure subjected to harmonic loads. Matlab scripts are used to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The structure is analyzed for loads applied on the lower and upper floors. The maximum displacements at each node are summarized in a table for both loading cases. Natural frequencies of 1.3028, 3.7513, 5.7474, and 7.0502 Hz are obtained. Larger displacements occur when the load is applied to the upper floor compared to the lower floor.

Uploaded by

xiaoqi wang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise A2

Multiple-degree-of-freedom system

Authors: Submitted (date): 2019-08-30

Approved by (name/date):

Grade:

AF2011, Structural Dynamics for Civil Engineers, 2019


In this section, a four-story frame structure was studied in two different cases: subjected to harmonic
loads on different positions, as shown in Figure 1. Matlab scripts were created for analyses.

Figure 1 The four-story frame subjected to harmonic load


The coordinates are shown in Figure 1 to describes the plane movement of the frame.
The mass matrix:

 m1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 m2 0 0  0 1 0 0  0 1 0 0 
M   m  160 103  kg
0 0 m3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
     
0 0 0 m4  0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
The stiffness matrix(Calculated as rigid):
 k1 k1 0 0   1 1 0 0   1 1 0 0 
 k k  k k2 0  24 EI  1 2 1 0   
K  1 1 2  3    89 106  1 2 1 0  N / m
 0  k2 k 2  k3  k3  L  0 1 2 1  0 1 2 1
     
 0 0  k3 k3  k 4   0 0 1 2   0 0 1 2 
The natural frequencies with corresponding free vibration modes are calculated using matlab code, and
here are the results:
1.3028 
3.7513
 
f   Hz
5.7474 
7.0502 

The displacements due to the loads are summarized below.

Table 1 The maximum displacements at nodes


node Load on the lower floor Load on the upper floor
1 0,019405 0,069122
1
2 0,018532 0,054762
3 0,016825 0,037937
4 0,014361 0,019405

2
Matlab Scripts
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Exercise A2
% Multiple-degree-of-freedom system
% Author: Xiaoqi Wang, Shufan Ye, 2019-8-30
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
clc,clear,close all
%% Task 2
EI = 100*10^6; % Bending stiffness /(Nm^2)
L = 3; % Column length /m
a = [1 -1 0 0;...
-1 2 -1 0;...
0 -1 2 -1;...
0 0 -1 2 ];
K = 24*EI/L^3*a; % Stiffness matrix for the system
M = 160*10^3*[1 0 0 0;...
0 1 0 0;...
0 0 1 0;...
0 0 0 1]; % Mass matrix for the system
format shortG
disp('Stiffness matrix for the system:')
for ii=1:4
disp(K(ii,:))
end % Display xstiffness matrix
disp('')
disp('Mass matrix for the system:')
for ii=1:4
disp(M(ii,:))
end % Display mass matrix

%% Task 3
[fi,w2]=eig(K,M); % Calculate the eigenvectors and eigenvalues
fi = fi./[max(abs(fi));max(abs(fi));max(abs(fi));max(abs(fi))];
% Normalize the eigenvectors
w = sqrt(w2); % Square root of w^2
w = diag(w); % Get the elements on the main diagonal of w
f = w/2/pi; % Calculate the natural frequency
format shortG
disp('')
disp('The natural frequency f:')
for ii=1:4
disp(f(ii))
end

%% Task 4
kn = diag(fi'*K*fi); % The general expression for model stiffness
p = [0 0 0 10^6]; % The external force vector
pn = fi'* p'; % The general expression for model force
qn = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for modal amplitudes
u = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for displacement
Rd = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for amplification factor
omiga= 5; % The circular frequency of the added load
for i= 1:4
Rd(i,1)=1/(1-omiga^2/w(i,1)^2);
end % Calculate amplification factor
qn =pn./kn.*Rd; % Calculate modal amplitudes
u= fi*qn; % Calculate the maximum displacement
disp('')
disp('The maximum displacement u:')

3
for ii=1:4
disp(u(ii))
end

%% Task 5
p2 = [10^6 0 0 0 ]; % The external force vector
pn2 = fi'* p2'; % The general expression for model load
qn2 = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for modal amplitudes
u2 = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for displacement
Rd2 = zeros(4,1); % Give a zeros matrix for amplification factor
for i= 1:4
Rd2(i,1)=1/(1-omiga^2/w(i,1)^2);
end % Calculate amplification factor
qn2 =pn2./kn.*Rd2; % Calculate modal amplitudes
u2= fi*qn2; % Calculate the maximum displacement
disp('')
disp('The maximum displacement u2:')
for ii=1:4
disp(u2(ii))
end

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