Assignment: Homework Questions

ASSIGNMENT
Homework Questions:
1.1 Ch 3.9 (page 56) Q2. Note text below taken from textbook.
ANS
α 2=1−0.003 f 'c but 0.67 ⩽ α 2 ⩽ 0.85
¿ 1−0.003 × 32¿ 0.904 ∴ α 2=0.85
γ =1.05−0.007 f 'c but 0.67 ⩽ γ ⩽ 0.85
'
600 α f γ ⋅ k uB
¿ 1.05−0.007× 32¿ 0.826¿ ¿ 0.345 pB = 2 c
600+500 f gy
0.85× 32× 0.826 ×0.545

¿ =0.0244
500
A 8040
Pt = s = =0.045> ϕB
bd 300× 600
Therefore the section is over –reinforced
fro $ td 600 × 0.045× 6 m

μ= ❑ 2
¿ 595.6a= √
= μ +4 μ ∂ d −μ
1 0.85 ×32
α2 + 2
c
¿ √ 595.62 +4 ×595.6 ×0.826 × 600−595.6 ¿ 321.76 mmM u=α 2 f 'c ab ( d−q2 )

❑
321.76
−1.85 ×32 ×321.76 ×300 600− ( 8 )
×10−6
Mu=1153KN -m
But a ¿ γ ku d
321.76
⇒ ku ¿
0.826 ×600
¿ ¿
By assuming one layer of steel,
d ¿ d 0 k u =k u=0.649
0
ϕ ¿ 1.19−13 kno/12
¿ ¿ 0.487
But for N class
¿ 0.6 ⩽ ϕ ⩽0.8 .
∴ ϕ=0.6 .
'
M =ϕ M u=0.6 × 1153=691.8 kN−m.
1.2 Ch 3.9 (page 56) Q3. Note text and image below taken from textbook.
ANS
Given data!
( ul timate load ) ¿1.2 g+1.5 q
f 'c ¿25 Mpa
3
Pω ¿ 24 kN /m
Length ¿ 5500 mm
D=160 mmd=125 mm
N16@200mm spacing.
Say f y =420 mpa.
Step 1:
π /4 ×16 2 2
A s= ×100 A S=1005.31 mm
200
Step 2:
To calculate Location of neutral axis (c)
if c=T
A S f y =0.85⋅ f 'c ⋅ b ⋅a
Asfy
a (height of stress block) ¿
0.85 fc ' ⋅ b
a
N ⋅ A (C) ¿ { β 1=0.85 for f 'c =25 mpa ]
0.85
(1005 ⋅31) × 420
a= 19.86
0.85 fc' ⋅ b C ¿
0.85
C ¿ 23.37 mm
Step 3 ! calculation of M n
M n=T (α −c /2)
¿ ϕ A s f y (d−c /2)
23.73
(
¿ 0.9 ×1005.3 × 420 125− )
2 =42.99 kN −m ¿
¿ 42.99 ×106 N −mm
¿
Step 4 : calculation of vitimate load.

As slab is simply supported,
ω4 × 5.52 KN
42.99= ω u=11.37
8 m
Step5: self weight (q)
ω self (q) ¿ ρω × D× b =3.84 KN ¿

¿ ¿ m2 ( )
Step 6: calculation of UDL (q)
ωu =1.2 g+1.5 q
Given
11.37=(1.2 ×3.84)+1.5 q
1.5 q ¿ 6.762
q ¿ 4.51 kN /m2
KN
∴ UDL Carried by slab (q)=4.51
m2
2.1 Ch 3.9 (page 57) Q5. Note text below taken from textbook.
ANS
Cover ¿ 25 mm for A 2 exprosure.
Factored Moment M u=1500 kN −m
limiting moment for Fe=500 is
M lim =0.133 f ck ⋅b d 2
¿ 0.133× 32× 450 ×900 2
M lim ¿=1551.31kN−m ¿ M u < M ℑ
Singly Reinforced section
M : 0.87 fyAst ( α−0.42× 0.46 d)1500 ×106 =0.87 ×500 × A51 (900−0.42 ×0.46 × 900)
1500× 106 2
=A st (900−173.88)∴ A st =4748.91 mm
435
Area of the N28 bar ¿ 615.8 mm 2
4748.91
∴ No. of bars ¿ =7.71
615.8
∴ Consider 8 No. of bars A5 t =4960 mm2
2.2 Ch 3.9 (page 57) Q7. Note text and image below taken from textbook.
ANS
⇒ Area provided in compression side
Area provided in Tension site
First calculate the Actual position of neutral axis.

Assume Reinforcement is Fe 415
f sc ( stress in compression ) ¿ 0.87× fy

¿ ¿ 361.0521 inn
¿ ¿
So position of Actual Neutral axis ( x 4 ) ⇒
0.36 f ck B × x 4 + [ f sc−0.45 f 4 ] Asc=0.87 fyAst
⇒0.36 ×20 × 200× 214+ ∫ 361.05−0.45 ×20 ] × 904.78¿ 0.87 × 415 ×1809.56
X4=232.50mm from top
Limiting neutral axis position for Fe 415
⇒ ( x 4 ) limiting =0.48 ×(500−100)
( x U )limiting =0.48 xd
⇒ ( x 4 ) limiting =192 mm
M u=¿ (Mu) Limiting
Thered ' =100 .
So , mu=0.36 ×20 × 200× 192×(400−0.42 ×192)

+(361.05−0.45× 20)× 904.78×( 400−100)
¿ 183.85 KN −m
3.1 Ch 4.7 (page 84) Q3.

ANS
Calculate the area of the reinforcement;
A x ¿ 4 ( Area of N 24)+ 4 ( Area of N 28)=4280 mm2 ¿

¿ ¿
Calculate the depth of rectangular stress block;
Aa f 2 j
a ¿
α 2 f 0 be =104.902>t =65 mm ¿
¿ ¿
Hence the Neutral Axis at failure is located within the web.
Calculate the M w 2
ML2 ( 2t )
¿ α 2 f 'c t ( be −b r ) a−
¿ ¿ 827.921× 106 N−mm

ML2 ¿ 827.921 kN −m
Calculate the A2;
α 2 f c t ( bv −bv )
∘
A22 ¿ =1989 mm 2 ¿
fz
¿ ¿
Calculate the A11
A21 ¿ Au −A t 2 =2291 mm2 ¿

¿ ¿
To check the condition of A A at failure;
f 'i 600 ≤(0.85)(0.85) 25 (300)(865) 600

A A ≤ α 2 γ bnd
f3 600+ f 2 500 ( ) (
600+500 )
A11 ( 2291 mm 2) ≤ 5113.33 mm 2 (OK )
Hence, the At will yield at failure.

Calculate the M ui
1 2291 500
¿( 2291)(500)(865) 1−
( × ×
2(0.85) 300 ×865 20 )M ut =862.213× 106 N−mm
M u=862.213 kN −m
Calculate the M k
M v ¿ M w + M ω 2=1690.134 kN −m ANS ¿
¿ ¿
3.2. The continuous beam shown in Fig. 1 is part of a beam-and-slab floor system of
an office building and is typical of a series of beams spaced at 4 m intervals. In
addition to the dead load, the live load on the floor is 3 KPa. Using f’c = 32MPa, N32
bars for main reinforcement,
a) Find the maximum positive and negative moments using the AS3600 simplified
method.
b) Design the beam cross-section for the maximum amount of tensile steel required
at (i) interior supports, and (ii) mid-span. In both cases use singly reinforced
design.
ANS
Solution: -
(3.2) Given that,
part of a beam and slab floor system of an office building and series of beams at 4m
intervals
live load on the floor ¿ 3 kpa.
Using f 'c =32 kpa
Continuous beam:
 Loading
−24 ×150
(i) Slab: =3.60 kN /m 2 ∵ 8 C=24 kN /m3
1000
(ii) live load ¿ 3 kN /m2
using AS 3600
ωu ¿ 1.2 ×3.60+1.5 ×3 =8.82 kN /m2 ¿

¿ ¿
Load on beam¿ 8.82 ×4

2
¿ 35.28 kN /m
1.2 ×24 ×500 × 600
¿
Self wt of beam (factored) 1000 ×1000
¿ ¿
¿ 8.64 kN /m
Total Wu beam ¿ 35.28+8.64 ¿ 43.92 kN /m
 Three Span Beam :
ln ¿ 13 m
b ¿500 mm
d ¿ 600+150−50
d ¿700 mm
M =α + fdx ln 2
We know from As 3600 moment coefficient that (simplified method)
(a) the maximum positive and negative moments using the As3600
1
Maximum negative moment ¿− × 43.92 ×132
10
( at interior support) ¿
1
Maximum positive moment (mid span) ¿+ × 43.92 ×132 2
11
≥+674.77 kNH
(b) The beam cross section
given b=500 mm , d=700 mm; f 'C =32 kN /mm2 ,

f y =500 N /mm 2

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ASSIGNMENT

¿ 1−0.003 × 32¿ 0.904 ∴ α 2=0.85

γ =1.05−0.007 f 'c but 0.67 ⩽ γ ⩽ 0.85

0.85× 32× 0.826 ×0.545

Therefore the section is over –reinforced

fro $ td 600 × 0.045× 6 m

¿ √ 595.62 +4 ×595.6 ×0.826 × 600−595.6 ¿ 321.76 mmM u=α 2 f 'c ab ( d−q2 )

But for N class

Step 4 : calculation of vitimate load.

Step5: self weight (q)

ω self (q) ¿ ρω × D× b =3.84 KN ¿

Step 6: calculation of UDL (q)

Singly Reinforced section

Area provided in Tension site

First calculate the Actual position of neutral axis.

f sc ( stress in compression ) ¿ 0.87× fy

So position of Actual Neutral axis ( x 4 ) ⇒

0.36 f ck B × x 4 + [ f sc−0.45 f 4 ] Asc=0.87 fyAst

Limiting neutral axis position for Fe 415

M u=¿ (Mu) Limiting

Thered ' =100 .

So , mu=0.36 ×20 × 200× 192×(400−0.42 ×192)

3.1 Ch 4.7 (page 84) Q3.

Calculate the area of the reinforcement;

A x ¿ 4 ( Area of N 24)+ 4 ( Area of N 28)=4280 mm2 ¿

¿ ¿ 827.921× 106 N−mm

Calculate the A2;

Calculate the A11

A21 ¿ Au −A t 2 =2291 mm2 ¿

f 'i 600 ≤(0.85)(0.85) 25 (300)(865) 600

Hence, the At will yield at failure.

ωu ¿ 1.2 ×3.60+1.5 ×3 =8.82 kN /m2 ¿

Load on beam¿ 8.82 ×4

Total Wu beam ¿ 35.28+8.64 ¿ 43.92 kN /m

 Three Span Beam :

We know from As 3600 moment coefficient that (simplified method)

given b=500 mm , d=700 mm; f 'C =32 kN /mm2 ,

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