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    Answers To Worksheet On Mixing (C-Value Corrected)

    Uploaded by

    Franzes Mar Eria
    This document contains worked solutions to two mixing problems: 1) A brine solution flows into a tank at 8 L/min and out at the same rate, with salt concentration reaching 0.032 kg/L after 11.45 minutes. 2) Nitric acid flows into a tank at 5 L/min and out at 7 L/min, with the concentration equation derived as a function of time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Answers To Worksheet On Mixing (C-Value Corrected)

    Uploaded by

    Franzes Mar Eria
    54 views2 pages
    This document contains worked solutions to two mixing problems: 1) A brine solution flows into a tank at 8 L/min and out at the same rate, with salt concentration reaching 0.032 kg/L after 11.45 minutes. 2) Nitric acid flows into a tank at 5 L/min and out at 7 L/min, with the concentration equation derived as a function of time.

    Original Title

    Mixing-Answer

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    This document contains worked solutions to two mixing problems: 1) A brine solution flows into a tank at 8 L/min and out at the same rate, with salt concentration reaching 0.032 kg/L after 11.45 minutes. 2) Nitric acid flows into a tank at 5 L/min and out at 7 L/min, with the concentration equation derived as a function of time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    54 views2 pages

    Answers To Worksheet On Mixing (C-Value Corrected)

    Uploaded by

    Franzes Mar Eria
    This document contains worked solutions to two mixing problems: 1) A brine solution flows into a tank at 8 L/min and out at the same rate, with salt concentration reaching 0.032 kg/L after 11.45 minutes. 2) Nitric acid flows into a tank at 5 L/min and out at 7 L/min, with the concentration equation derived as a function of time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Answers to worksheet on Mixing (C-value corrected) January 30, 2015

    1. A brine solution of salt flows at a constant rate of 8L/min into a large tank that initially
    held 100L of brine solution in which was dissolved 0.5kg of salt. The solution inside the tank
    is kept well stirred and flows out of the tank at the same rate. Assume the concentration
    of salt in the brine entering the tank is 0.05kg /L.
    Let x(t) represent the amount of salt (in kg) at any time, t (in minutes).

    (a) Write down the input rate and output rate in terms of x (showing how you get units).
    What is the differential equation for x (simplified)?

    2
    input rate: (8L/min) (0.05kg/L) =
    5
    x 8x 2x
     
    output rate: (8L/min) kg/L = =
    100 100 25
    dx 2 2x
    DE: = −
    dt 5 25

    (b) Find the general solution for your differential equation


    2t
    DE is linear with µ(t) = e 25 , so solving we get
    2t
    − 25
    Z
    2 2t 2t
    x = x(t) = e e 25 dt = 5 + Ce− 25
    5

    (c) What is the initial condition for this problem?


    x(0) = 0.5
    (d) using the initial condition, find the constant of integration and write down the unique
    solution to the IVP.
    When t = 0, x = 0.5, therefore

    0.5 = 5 + C =⇒ C = −4.5
    2t
    Hence x(t) = 5 − 4.5e− 25
    (e) When will the concentration of salt in the tank reach 0.032kg /L (answer to 4 decimal
    places)?
    2t
    Hence x(t) = 5 − 4.5e− 25
    concentration = 0.032 is the same as
    x
    = 0.032 ⇒ x = 3.2
    100
    substituting x = 3.2 into solution yield
    2t
    3.2 = 5 − 4.5e− 25 ⇒ t = 11.4536

    Therefore the concentration of salt in the tank reach 0.032kg /L after 11.4536 minutes.
    2. A nitric acid solution flows at a constant rate of 5 L/min into a large tank that initially
    held 200L of 0.7% nitric acid solution. The solution is kept well stirred and flows out at a
    rate of 7 L/min. The solution entering the tank is 30% acid.
    Let x(t) represent the amount of nitric acid (in L) at any time, t (in minutes).

    (a) Write down the input rate and output rate in terms of x (showing how you get units).
    What is the differential equation for x (simplified)?
    3
    input rate: (5L/min) (30%) = (5)(0.3) = 1.5 =
    2
    x 7x
     
    output rate: (7L/min) =
    200 − 2t 200 − 2t
    dx 3 7x
    DE: = −
    dt 2 200 − 2t
    7
    (b) Find the general solution for your differential equation DE is linear with P (t) = 200−2t
    therefore P (t)dt = − 72 ln(200 − 2t) µ(t) = (200 − 2t)−7/2 , so solving we get
    R

    3 3 1 2
    Z   
    −7/2
    (200 − 2t) x= (200 − 2t)−7/2 dt = − − (200 − 2t)−5/2 + C
    2 2 2 5
    Therefore
    3
    x = x(t) = (200 − 2t) + C(200 − 2t)7/2
    10
    (c) What is the initial condition for this problem?
    7
    x(0) = 0.7%of 200 = 0.007 ∗ 200 = 1.4 =
    5

    (d) using the initial condition, find the constant of integration and write down the unique
    solution to the IVP (initial value problem).
    substitute x = 75 into the general solution , we get

    7 3 593
    = (200) + C(200)7/2 ⇒ − = C(113137085) ⇒ C ≈ −386, 100, 000
    5 5 5

    Therefore the unique solution is


    3
    x = x(t) = (200 − 2t) − 386100000(200 − 2t)7/2
    10

    (e) What is the Differential Equation if the inflow is 7 L/min and the outflow is 5 L/min?
    DE:
    dx 21 5x
    = −
    dt 10 200 + 2t

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