Department of Education

SHS National Capital Region

S CHOOLS DIVIS ION OFFICE
MARIK INA CITY

Personal Development
First Quarter – Module 1:
Knowing and Understanding Oneself during
Middle and Late Adolescence

Writer : EMILY G. SANTOS

Cover Illustrator : CLARISSA A. FAMILARA

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Need to Know

At the end of the module you shall be able to:

● Identify personal strength and limitations
● Determine Self – concept
● Determine Self – Effectiveness ( in relation to others)
● Explain that knowing oneself can make a person accept his/her strengths and
limitations and dealing with others better
● Share his/her unique characteristics, habits and experiences
● Appreciate the importance of knowing oneself through a journal entry

This module is divided into two (2) lessons namely:

Lesson 1: Self-concept Inventory: Exploring One’s Strength and Limitations
Lesson 2: Personal Effectiveness

Before we start may I remind you that you need a notebook (any notebook) that
will serve as your journal for this Module

What I Know

Read each situation and write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Millie is a grade 11 student under HUMSS strand and no matter how hard she
studies, she still receives poor grades. Millie decided not to study anymore. Her
behavior clearly demonstrates:
A. self-serving bias
B. unrealistic optimism
C. learned helplessness
D. a self-monitoring tendency

2. People are much better at predicting their own future behavior than that of
others.
A. True B. False

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3. Each of us have talent, skills, energy and time and making use of all these
personal resources enable us to achieve life goals. This is called _________.
A. self-image C. Personal effectiveness
B. self-knowledge. D. social Image

4. Sometimes our negative reaction or attitude is affected by which of the following

factors?
A. Negative comments from others
B. The media
C. Advertisements
D. All answers are correct.

5. It appears in the process of personal development, as a result of getting aware

of yourself, your actions and their consequences. To develop it, you need to
learn yourself and your capabilities, gain a positive attitude and believe that by
performing the right actions and achieving right goals you will certainly reach
success.
A. Determination C. Persistence
B. Self - confidence D. Adhere

What’s In

Recall an activity during your junior high school years when you are able to showcase
a skill or a talent:
1. By group
2. Individually
What was the activity?

What did you discover about yourself because of the activity?

How did you find working in groups and working by yourself?

Keep your responses in a journal notebook.

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 Lesson
Self-concept Inventory: Exploring
1 One’s Strength and Limitations
Different people have different values, beliefs, perspective, characteristics, traits, and habits.
Even twins do not share the same traits and finger prints. Each one of us is a unique
individual.

Activity I: Getting to know yourself

INSTRUCTION:
This activity will help you know how you think about yourself. Kindly answer this self
– Concept inventory by rating each statement according to what do you think best
describes you.
Using the rubric/rating below, write
0= if you think you are very weak
1 = if you think you are weak
2 = if you think you are somewhat weak or somewhat strong
3= if you think you are strong
4 = if you think you very strong
1. I have a strong sex appeal
2. I am proud of my physical figure.
3. I am physically attractive and beautiful/ handsome.
4. I exude with charm and poise.
5. I can easily get along with.
6. I can adjust to different people and different situations.
7. I am approachable; other people are at ease and comfortable with me.
8. I am lovable and easy to love.
9. I am a fast learner, and can understand instruction easily.
10. I am Intelligent
11. I have special talents and abilities.
12. I can easily analyze situations and make right judgments.
13. I can be trusted in any transaction.
14. I have a clean conscience and carry no guilty feelings.
15. I have integrity and a good reputation.
16. My friends and classmates can look up to me as a model worth emulating
17. I can express my ideas without difficulty.
18. I talk in a persuasive manner that I can easily get people to accept what I say.
19. I can express my ideas in writing without difficulty.
20. I am a good listener.
21. I am emotionally stable and not easily rattled when faced with trouble.
22. I am logical and rational in my outlook and decisions.
23. I feel and act with confidence.
24. I am a mature person.

Scoring: Copy the scoring table in your journal notebook. Write your rating

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 PHYSICAL APPEAL HUMAN RELATIONS INTELLIGENCE

1 5 9
2 6 10
3 7 11
4 8 12
Subtotal______ Subtotal_____ Subtotal______

CHARACTER COMMUNICATION MATURITY

13 17 21
14 18 22
15 19 23
16 20 24
Subtotal_____ Subtotal____ Subtotal___

How do you perceive yourself? Look at the results of your self – concept inventory and
answer the following questions:
1. In what areas do you consider:
A. yourself strong ( with score of 14 – 16) or
B. somewhat weak ( score of 10 – 13) and
C. very weak (score below 10)

● Physical Appeal
● Human relations
● Intelligence
● Character
● Communication
● Maturity

2. Are there qualities which for you are your weakness but for other people, they see
it as your strength? What are these?

3. If other people will describe you, what will they say? Is it the same as how you see
yourself?

Note: Share your scores/ answers with a friend or sibling close to you or
someone you can rely on

Source: DepED Personal Development Manual

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 What is It
SELF-CONCEPT
Imagine yourself looking into a mirror. What do you see? Do you see your ideal self or your
actual self? Your ideal self is the self that you aspire to be. It is the one that you hope will
possess characteristics similar to that of a mentor or some other worldly figure. Your actual
self, however, is the one that you actually see. It is the self that has characteristics that you
were nurtured or, in some cases, born to have.
The actual self and the ideal self are two broad categories of self-concept. Self-concept refers
to your awareness of yourself. It is the construct that negotiates these two selves. In other
words, it connotes first the identification of the ideal self as separate from others, and second,
it encompasses all the behaviors evaluated in the actual self that you engage in to reach the
ideal self.
The actual self is built on self-knowledge. Self-knowledge is derived from social interactions
that provide insight into how others react to you. The actual self is who we actually are. It is
how we think, how we feel, look, and act. The actual self can be seen by others, but because we
have no way of truly knowing how others view us, the actual self is our self-image.
The ideal self, on the other hand, is how we want to be. It is an idealized image that we have
developed over time, based on what we have learned and experienced. The ideal self could
include components of what our parents have taught us, what we admire in others, what our
society promotes, and what we think is in our best interest.
There is negotiation that exists between the two selves which is complex because there are
numerous exchanges between the ideal and actual self. These exchanges are exemplified in
social roles that are adjusted and re-adjusted, and are derived from outcomes of social
interactions from infant to adult development. Alignment is important. If the way that I am (the
actual self) is aligned with the way that I want to be (the ideal self), then I will feel a sense of
mental well-being or peace of mind. If the way that I am is not aligned with how I want to be,
the incongruence, or lack of alignment, will result in mental distress or anxiety. The greater the
level of incongruence between the ideal self and real self, the greater the level of resulting
distress. Personal development modules ultimate aim is greater self-knowledge that will lead to
higher alignment between these two personality domains.

Source: adopted from DepEd Perdev Teachers Manual

What’s More

Activity 1.1 Tiktok Presentation

Now that you know your inner qualities, and your talent, you will now create a Tiktok
presentation if you can (if not write poem, sing, reciting a speech/declamation or
anything that will showcase your talent) The theme is “My activities during the
community quarantine”
You shall rate your presentation on the following criteria: (let one of the member of your
family or your best friend to rate your performance)

Elements of performance:

1. Originality
2. Creativity/resourcefulness
3. Delivery
4. Confidence

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Use the rubric below:
Outstanding Performance is efficiently delivered; and all
the elements are present.
Good Performance is soundly delivered and one of
the elements is not present in the
performance
Satisfactory Performance is delivered and at least two of
the elements are not present in the
performance
Need revision All the elements are not present during the
performance.

Write your experience when presenting your talent and write it in your journal.

What I Have Learned

From the given words in the grid, locate ten (10) words associated with our past
lesson, running in possible directions horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.

S A C T U A L S E L F

E S E L F I M A G E S

L E G O R S E L F F O

F L D V E P F A C E C

C F E E E O L O M I I

O C L Y D W E D I M A

N O W T O E S F R A L

F N O I M R L O R E I

I C N R I E A C O Y M

D E K U S S E T R M A

E P F T N I D B C S G

N T L A T T I T U D E

C S E M A N I L I V S

E V S M A R I K I N A

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 What I Can Do

ACTIVITY

Look at the result of the Self – Inventory you previously did. List down five (5) things which you
think you need to “improve”
Example: exercise at least twice a week to improve my physical body/ health. Write down your
list in your journal notebook with a checklist that you perform the task.

Assessment
Read each situation and write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or in some cases, born
to have. It is the one that you actually see
A. Ideal safe B. self – image C. actual self D. mirror

2. It is derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to
you.
A. Self – image C. self – knowledge
B. Ideal – self D. self – concept

3. A kind of person who is the most pitiful, unhappy people in the world , they do
nothing else and they have absolutely no control of their lives except to observe
and comment about it
A. Moviegoer C. actor
B. Scriptwriter D. producer

4. It represents who a person actually is, as opposed to their ideal safe and relates to
how a person believes they are perceived but others in general.

A. Ideal safe B. self – image C. actual self D. mirror

5. It is largely a reflection of the reactions of others towards the individual.

A. Self – image C. self – knowledge
B. Ideal – self D. self – concept

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 Additional Activities

Activity 1
Thumbprints
Create an image that best describes yourself using your thumb print and explain why you
choose the image. (use inkpad, watercolor, or any available materials at home) Put it in your
journal notebook
Write your insights/ experience as you create an image using your own thumbprints

Activity 2
Create a "Me" Video
In this activity you will create a one minute video (video or script) about yourself and focus on
why someone should hire you. The video should highlight your special qualities. You will
present the video to your teacher in charge of the class and write your experience/ insights as
you create a video of yourself.

Lesson

2 Self-EFFECTIVENESS

PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS
Personal effectiveness means making use of all the personal resources – talents, skills,
energy and time, to enable you to achieve life goals.
Your knowledge of yourself and how you manage yourself impacts directly on your
personal effectiveness. Being self-aware, making the most of your strengths, learning
new skills and techniques and behavioral flexibility are all keys to improving your
personal performance.
Our personal effectiveness depends on our innate characteristics – talent and
experience accumulated in the process of personal development. Talents first are
needed to be identified and then developed to be used in a particular subject area
(science, literature, sports, politics, etc.).
Experience includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive
and practical activities.
Knowledge is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and
risk assessment.
Skills also determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with the plan.
If the same ability is used many times in the same situation, then it becomes a habit
that runs automatically, subconsciously. Here are some skills that will greatly
increase the efficiency of any person who owns them:

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1. Determination. It allows you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without
being distracted by less important things or spontaneous desires. It may be developed
with the help of self-discipline exercise.
2. Self-confidence. It appears in the process of personal development, as a result
of getting aware of yourself, your actions and their consequences. Self-confidence is
manifested in speech, appearance, dressing, gait, and physical condition. To develop
it, you need to learn yourself and your capabilities, gain a positive attitude and believe
that by performing the right actions and achieving right goals you will certainly reach
success.
3. Persistence. It makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging
obstacles – problems, laziness, bad emotional state, etc. It reduces the costs of
overcoming obstacles. It can also be developed with the help of self-discipline exercise.
4. Managing stress. It helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the
environment and other people. Stress arises from the uncertainty in an unknown
situation when a lack of information creates the risk of negative consequences of your
actions. It increases efficiency in the actively changing environment.
5. Problem-solving skills. They help cope with the problems encountered with a
lack of experience. It increases efficiency by adopting new ways of achieving goals
when obtaining a new experience.
6. Creativity. It allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action
that no one has tried to use. It can lead to a decrease or an increase of cost, but
usually the speed of action is greatly increased when using creative tools.
7. Generating ideas. It helps you achieve goals using new, original
unconventional ideas. Idea is a mental image of an object forms by the human mind,
which can be changed before being implemented in the real world. For generating
ideas you can use a method of mental ideas, which in turn contributes to the
emergence of new ideas. These are just some, but the most important personal
effectiveness skills which make the achievement of any goal easier and less costly.

SOURCE: adopted from DepEd Personal Development Manual

What is It
What are the things that you can recall about self-concept?
What are the weaknesses and strengths that you discover to yourself?

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 What’s New

Activity I: MY BANNER – THE TREASURE WITHIN ME?

Copy the Figure in your journal or notebook and answer the following informations:

In the spaces indicated by numbers, write down the following:

1 and 2 two thing I do very well
3 and 4 my two greatest achievements in life
5 what in myself am I proudest of
6 my happiest moment

7 positive words that my friends use to describe me

8 a personal goal that I have already achieved
9 three blessings for which I am most thankful to God
10 three of my positive qualities
11 difficulties, challenges and problems that I was able you solve and
overcome

Portfolio Output: Journal Reflection from My Banner

Write about your banner.
1. What do you consider as your weaknesses, abilities and talents?
2. What are the things you that you can do to help you improve yourself in terms
of your weakness?
3. How can you further enrich your assets and strengths? Where and how do you
use it to your best advantage?

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 What’s More

YOU NEED TO TAKE CHARGE OF YOUR FUTURE

There are three kinds of people in this world:
The first is the Moviegoer. This person watches the movie of their lives, admires some
parts and criticizes others. Aside from that, they do nothing else. All she says the
whole day is, “I like this thing but I don’t like that thing.” The Moviegoer feels she has
absolutely no control of their lives --- except to comment about it. Moviegoers are the
most pathetic, miserable people in the world.
The second is the Actor. This person does not only watch the movie of her life. She
actually realizes she’s the Actor – and can control a big part of her life. She can
actually make or break the movie – by how well she delivers her lines and how she
portrays her character. Actors are a happy bunch, realizing they’re the start of the
show and enjoy some level of control. But many times, they wish the movie would end
in another way – but realize that they have no say in such things.
The third is the Scriptwriter. This person does not only watch, and she doesn’t only
act, but she actually creates the entire movie from her mind. She determines what she
will say, what she will do, and how the movie will end. She realizes she has enormous
control over her life, and sees to it that the movie of her life will turn out beautiful.

Answer the following and write you answer on a separate sheet of paper
1. Seeing yourself as a Moviegoer, what are the things that you admire and
criticize about other people.
2. Seeing yourself as an actor, what are the things in your like which you are
always in control of?
3. Seeing yourself as a Scriptwriter, how will you write your life to give it a
happy ending?

By the way, the Producer of the movie is God. He tells you, “Make the movie
beautiful, and I will give you all that you need for success.”

SOURCE: adopted from DepEd Personal development Manual

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 What I Can Do

THE POWER OF JOURNAL WRITING: UNFOLDING YOUR PERSONAL JOURNEY

The purpose of journal writing is to help you become the Scriptwriter of your life.
There are four (4) practical reasons to maintain a journal:

1. It is cost-efficient and available. Emotional stress can be dealt in many ways like
talking to a friend over a cup of coffee, eating, travelling, shopping, painting and many
more but writing is the most inexpensive. Notebooks and pens are easy to find, available
and do not cost so much.
2. It is preventive and proactive. Writing yields self-awareness. When you write, you
can discover your strengths and limitations. You will know what your reactions are in
different situations and what better ways to prevent, avoid, or face your fears.
3. It is creative and productive. Journal writing expounds your imagination. You
can see various dimensions of your problem, different points of view and better
solutions.
4. Lastly, it is personal and private. Unless you want to share your stories, you have
the choice to keep them to yourself. Writing is your time alone. It is your way of loving
yourself. You will not be judged by your writing.

You just need one (1) notebook to maintain a personal journal. You may use these
questions as you write in your journal:

1. How do you find this day? What are the positive things that happened? What are
those things that made you irritated or upset?
2. As you reflect the ups and downs of your day, what may be the greatest lesson
you can learn from them? What actions have you done well and what actions you can
do better?
3. What do you really want in life? What do you want to achieve for yourself, your
family, your community, and your country?
4. As you close the day, what are the small and big things you are thankful of? Who
are the people that made your day extra special?

Processing: Write your answers in your personal journal.

1. How do you use your talents/skills to make a better version of yourself?

2. How do your weakness affect you as a person?
3. What is something that you would like to try which you think can help you
improve yourself?

“A pen is certainly an excellent instrument to fix a man’s attention and inflame his
ambition” – John Adams

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 What I Have
Learned
Answer the following questions:

1. Identify the three kinds of people in the world.

2. Discover each one's characteristics as a person.

Additional Activities

Manny “Pacman” Pacquiao was the first Asian boxer who won four (4) titles in the boxing
world: WBC Lightweight title; WBC Flyweight Title; Super Bantamweight; and the
World’s lightweight Division Crown. We know very well that Senator Pacquiao came from
a poor family from General Santos City. We can learn something from him that we can
use in our life:
1. Never stop dreaming but know your limits. Even though that Manny Pacquiao
has already earned four (4) titles on his hand. He did not sit on his laurels but he is
realistic on his dream he knows his limit and he never tried to fight in a higher weight.
He stop at 140 lbs.
2. Dream big and work equally hard to attain it. The difference with Manny to
some of us is : many of us has dreams but only few works on their dreams. Unlike
Manny who started as a boxer but honed and harness his talent. He worked hard ,
learned new techniques, he humbly listened to his coach and trainer.
3. Share your victory with those who worked hard with you and even with
those who cheered for you. What’s special about Manny Pacquiao’s victories is that
they are shared by the entire nation. We heard that he even share his victory to his
teammates, he did some charity works to different charity institution. Share your victory
with those who cheered for you. Victory will be sweeter if it is shared with more people.
4. Know your niche and be accountable to stay there. Manny knew that he can
do more than boxing, he have commercial endorsements, concerts , acting and hosting,
now he is in politics but the good thing about him is that he listens and keeps himself
accountable to others. He realized that boxing is his niche and he will devote more of
his time and energy to it.
5. Depend on God in all your fights and acknowledge and thank him, whatever
the result may be. You have notice that every time Manny steps on the ring, he will
pray in his corner before and after his fight. He is not a perfect man nor he is a saint
but very evident in his part that knows how to depend on GOD and give the glory back
to him. Whatever the result is in our fights that we will face at home or school or in our
life, learn to depend on God and acknowledge Him. Thank Him whatever the result may
be.

Source: Salumbides, Maloi Malibiran (2008). Smart Steps for Everyday Workplace
Success, Church Strengthening Ministry, Inc. PO Box 2656 Makati City

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ACTIVITY:
A LETTER TO MY SELF
In this activity you will write to yourself a letter following the format:
a. Introduce yourself;
b. What is your dream
c. How will you work to attain your dreams
d. Your timeline to achieve your dreams
e. To whom you will share your dreams and victory
After writing it in a separate sheet of paper put it in an envelope, sealed it and put it in
a place where only you know it. You will open it and read it to your classmates when
face to face will be allowed.

Assessment

You will submit your journal to your teacher in charge of your portfolio assessment.

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 DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
15
Assessment
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C What I know
5. D
1. 1. A
2. 2. A
3. 3. C
4. D
5. B
Answer Key
 References

1. DepED Personal Development Manual

2. Salumbides, Maloi Malibiran(2008). Smart Steps for Everyday Workplace
Success, Church Strengthening Ministry, Inc. PO Box 2656 Makati City
3. https://www.educationworld.com/a_lesson/lesson/lesson085.shtml
4. https://www.google.com/search?q=self+image+definition&oq=Self+%E2%80%9
3+image+%3D&aqs=chrome.2.69i57j0l7.2494j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
5. https://www.google.com/search?q=define+self&oq=define+self&aqs=chrome..69
i57j0l7.12739j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
6. https://psychology.wikia.org/wiki/Actual_self
7. https://www.google.com/search?ei=fBEyX8KDDoXnwQOSr5NA&q=definition+of+s
elf+concept&oq=definition+of+self+concept&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgkIABAT
EEYQ-
QEyBAgAEBMyBAgAEBMyBAgAEBMyCAgAEBYQHhATMggIABAWEB4QEzIICAAQF
hAeEBMyCAgAEBYQHhATOgYIABAWEB46BggAEA0QHjoICAAQCBANEB46CAghE
BYQHRAeOgcIABBGEPkBOgIIADoGCAAQChATOgoIABAWEAoQHhATOggIABANEB
4QE1D6WViYjwFg3LEBaABwAHgAgAGoAYgBzhKSAQUxMi4xMpgBAKABAaoBB2d
3cy13aXrAAQE&sclient=psy-ab

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Emily G. Santos (PSDS)

Editors: Elisa O. Cerveza (Chief,CID/OIC-ASDS)
Internal Reviewer: Nida P. Andrada (PSDS)
Remia L.Ricabar (PSDS)
Nancy E. Suegay (PSDS)
Zenaida S. Munar (PSDS)
External Reviewer: Marimee Tampus Siena (PNU Professor)
Cover Illustrator: Clarissa A. Familara
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jovita Consorcia F. Mani

Education Program Supervisor – Music, Arts, Physical Education & Health

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– Learning Resource Management Section

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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