SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL

Roxas Boulevard, San Carlos City, Pangasinan 2420 Philippines

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

THE EFFECT OF PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM TO THE

LIVELIHOOD OF THE BENEFICIARIES IN BARANGAY BACNAR, SAN CARLOS
CITY, PANGASINAN

A research proposal

Presented to

The Faculty of Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School

In partial fulfillment of the

Requirements of the course Research Project

GROUP 8

Lontoc, Frankie F.

De Guzman, Maripert S.

Domingo, Kimberly R.

Matabang, Sheila Mae G.

(12-HUMSS-A)

1
 Chapter 1

Background of the Study

Poverty is one of the main problem in the Philippines, a lot of citizen suffering from this,

in our society whenever there is a success there are people who suffer poverty. And those are the

people who are usually unemployed, those who can't afford to buy their foods, cannot be able to

provide the needs of their children when it comes to health and education. Because of poverty

children in an early age are force to work so they can be able to feed their stomach even if it just

once a day. Parents wants to give the best for their child being able to feed their child three times

a day, give the best quality education for a brighter future but unfortunately some of our citizen

can't provide the needs of their child that's why our government provided the Pantawid Pmilyang

Pilipino Program to reduce the poverty in our country. It is a human development measure of the

national government that provides conditional cash grant to the poorest of the poor to improve

the health, nutrition and education of children aged 0-18 the Department of Social Welfare and

Development is the lead agency of PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program.

This was implemented during the administration of the late President Benigno Simeon

Aquino III. According to Meera Joy Blanco this program was formerly known as Ahon

Pamilyang Pilipino but then renamed by DB Mayler G. Amolata and Icris Floren on July 16,

2008 by administrative order number 16 Series of 2008 as Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino

Program. This program operates in all the 17 regions in the Philippines, covering 79 provinces,

143 Cities and 1,484 Municipalities. The beneficiaries are selected through the National

Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction which identify who and where the poor are

2
in the country. The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program has dual objectives as the flagship

poverty alleviation program of the Aquino administration first the social assistance, giving

monetary support to extremely poor families to respond to their immediate needs. Second social

development, breaking the intergenerational poverty cycle by investing in the health and

education of poor children through programs such as:

health check-ups for pregnant women and children aged 0 to 5,

deworming of school children aged 6 to 14, enrollment of children in daycare, elementary, and

secondary schools; and family development sessions.

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program also helps the Philippine government fulfill its

commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)—specifically in eradicating

extreme poverty and hunger, in achieving universal primary education, in promoting gender

equality, in reducing child mortality, and in improving maternal health care.

The following criteria must be satisfied to become eligible for the program:

Residents of the poorest municipalities, based on 2003 Small Area Estimates (SAE) of the

National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)

Households whose economic condition is equal to or below the provincial poverty threshold

Households that have children 0-18 years old and/or have a pregnant woman at the time of

assessment

Households that agree to meet conditions specified in the program.

The 4Ps has two types of cash grants that are given out to household-beneficiaries:

Health grant: P500 per household every month, or a total of P6,000 every year

3
Education grant: P300 per child every month for ten months, or a total of P3,000 every year (a

household may register a maximum of three children for the program)

For a household with three children, a household may receive P1,400 every month, or a

total of P15,000 every year for five years, from the two types of cash grants given to them.

These cash grants are distributed to the household-beneficiaries through the Land Bank of

the Philippines or, if not feasible, through alternate payment schemes such as Globe G-Cash

remittance and rural bank transactions.

As of August 2015, a total of P27.15 billion cash grants were paid to eligible and

compliant beneficiaries for the first to third period of 2015 covering January to August

disbursements. From this amount, P13.23 billion was paid for education, and the remaining

P13.92 billion was disbursed for health.

Gov. Amado T. Espino, Jr. lauded the partnership between the Department of Social

Welfare and Development (DSWD) and the Pangasinan Provincial Employment and Services

Office to provide employment to members of 4Ps (Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program)

reinforcing the poverty alleviation program of the Province of Pangasinan. Gov. Espino said the

signing of memorandum of understanding between DSWD and Pangasinan PESO provides

opportunity for jobless Pangasinenses who are beneficiaries of the 4Ps to help them achieve self-

sufficiency and not just become cash recipients of cash aids from the government.

This developed after a group of 40 Pangasinenses who belong to families of 4Ps

beneficiaries received their certificates from a 10-day training on basic welding at Lingayen

municipal plaza last week through the sponsorship of the Technical Education and Skills

Development Authority (TESDA).

4
 After their training, the basic welding graduates will have the chance to seek employment

in companies that will match their qualifications. With the assistance of PESO, the new work

aspirants will proceed to Hanjin, Inc, a foreign company involved in building ships, in Subic

Zambales for the final screening. Lucky hopefuls who successfully pass all screen tests will be

granted a financial assistance of P5,000 from DSWD to help defray their expenses in securing

requirements and necessary documents they may need for their new jobs. PESO Manager Alex

Ferrer has assured the beneficiaries that those who won’t make it to the shipyard company will

be recommended by the employment service office of the provincial government to other

companies which will need their services.

The project is collaboration between the DSWD and PESO to provide interventions to

empower the disadvantaged to alleviate poverty and promote the rights and welfare of those who

are less in life. This was concretized with the MOU signing where both parties, together with

other stakeholders, aim to empower and improve the quality of life of the disadvantaged

Filipinos. This also seeks to establish a partnership to institutionalize the cooperative efforts of

all stakeholders to enable the beneficiaries to take active part in employment facilitation

programs.

The DSWD provides for the promotion of the rights and welfare of the disadvantaged

through local and national policies, programs, projects and services implemented with or through

local governments.

On the other hand, PESO ensures the prompt, timely and efficient delivery of

employment services to the public by providing them with information and assistance on the

programs of the provincial government, the Department of Labor and Employment, various

employment options and labor market information.

5
Pangasinan PESO and DSWD Tie-Up Provides Employment to 4Ps Beneficiaries. Some 40

Pangasinenses who are members of the Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program (4Ps) flash the

number one sign after the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) that will

provide them immediate employment after the completion of their 10-day training on basic

welding. Provincial Employment and Services Office PESO Chief Alex Ferrer said that

Governor Amado T. Espino, Jr. wanted the 4Ps beneficiaries to be self-sufficient and not just

recipient of cash aid from the government.The MOU was signed by Department of Social

Welfare and Development (DSWD) Community-Driven Enterprise Development Officer Aidel

C. Laroya, Regional Dir. Marlene D. Peralta, PESO Chief Alex Ferrer and Asst. Reg’l. Dir.

Marlene D. Peralta. /MVS.

According to the statistics the beneficiaries of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program in

the Philippines as of 2014 is 4,090,667 while the province of Pangasinan has 60,207

beneficiaries

This research study aims to find out what will be the effect of Pantawid Pamilyang

Pilipino Program in the livelihood of the recipients in the Barangay, Bacnar San Carlos City

Pangasinan.

6
Statement of the Problem

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents as to their:

a. age

b. sex

c. civil status

d. occupation

e. monthly income

f. highest educational attainment

g. number of children

2. What is the economic status of the beneficiaries before their inclusion in the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program?

3. What is the economic status of the beneficiaries during their inclusion in the Pantawid

pamilyang program?

4. Is there a significant difference between the economic status of the beneficiaries before and

during their inclusion in the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program?

5. Is 4ps a significant predictor of livelihood development to the beneficiaries of Barangay

Bacnar?

7
Significance of the Study

The study focuses on determining the effects of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program in

the livelihood of the beneficiaries of Barangay, Bacnar San Carlos City, Pangasinan. Moreover,

the results of the study will beneficial to the following;

Teachers. This study will be a big help to them because if we find out what will be the

effects of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program to the livelihood of the beneficiaries they

can apply some strategies on how to handle the children of the beneficiaries.

Parents. Like the teachers, the result of the study will help the parents to know what will

be their other plans to improve their lives through the help of the cash grant of Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

Local Government.The outcome of the study this will serve as the basis to know what

other programs that the community will offer to the beneficiaries of the PantawidPamilyang

Pilipino Program.

The Researchers.This will serve as a requirement to the researcher for the completion in

their subject.

Future researchers. The findings of the study will serves as a reference and a guide for

future researchers who wish to conduct the same study or any study related to the effects of

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program in the livelihood of the beneficiaries of the Barangay

Bacnar San Carlos City, Pangasinan.

8
Scope of the Study

The main purpose of the study is to gather information from the citizens which are

beneficiaries of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program and how this program helps or improves

their lives. In order to arrive at the major focus of the study, the researchers will consider the

profile of the residents such as their: name, sex, age, civil status and their income.

The researchers will conduct the study to ( ) residents in brgy. Bacnar, San Carlos City,

Pangasinan. Each of the respondents will be given a questionnaire to answer. The families that

will be selected will come from different homes to avoid prejudice of their perceptions.

Furthermore, while the data in this study should serve as an excellent source of

information about the research topic, all of the participants are living in brgy. Bacnar, San

Carlos City, Pangasinan. Because of the specificity of the sampling, the study may not lend itself

to generalizations beyond the barangay’s population.

The results of this study may only be found in the system specific to Sitio Ligaya, brgy.

Bacnar, San Carlos City, Pangasinan. The applicability of this research beyond this narrow

population may be difficult. Only if this research were supported by similar research at other

schools could one make general conclusions about the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program and

how it improves the lives of beneficiaries.

9
Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined operationally/ conceptually for the better understanding

of the study.

Poverty-The state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or

material possessions.

-One of the main problem of the Philippines it is also the reason why the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program was implemented.

Beneficiaries-A person designated to receive the income of a trust estate.

-The people who was selected to receive financial support from the program that was

implemented by the government.

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4P’s – is a conditional cash transfer program

of the Philippine government under the Department of Social Welfare and Development.

-Program implemented by the government to help Filipinos who are in need financially.

Department of Social Welfare and Development- Responsible for the protection of

social welfare of rights of Filipinos.

-The lead government agency that supports and help the authorities during the

implementation of 4Ps.

Technical Education in Skills Development Authority- It is where the beneficiaries

have to train for them to have knowledge and skills for employment.

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 Hanjin -Foreign Company

-It is the company where the government recommend to the beneficiaries to have a

job/work.

Livelihood. Job or other source of income that gives them money to buy the things they

needed.

-In this study, it refers to the beneficiaries sources of living

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 CHAPTER 2

Related Literature

Conditional Cash Transfer program

Conditional cash transfer ('CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare

programs conditional upon the beneficiaries' actions. The government, only transfers the money

to persons who meet certain criteria. These criteria may include enrolling children into public

schools, getting regular check-ups at the doctor's office, receiving vaccinations, or the like. CCTs

seek to help the current generation in poverty, as well as breaking the cycle of poverty for the

next through the growth of human capital. CCT programs are very well-targeted and effective in

reaching the poor and the excluded groups, particularly the extreme poor living outside the reach

of social protection programs tied with formal sector employment. On average, 80% of the

benefits go to the 40% poorest families.

In Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Turkey, where school enrollment rates among girls were

lower than among boys, CCTs have helped reduce this gender gap, In Latin America are now

using CCT programs as a major tool of their social policy since they have been proven to be very

effective in helping poor families.

CCTs have affected not only the overall level of consumption, but also the composition

of consumption. There is a good deal of evidence that households that receive CCTs spend more

on food and, in the food basket, on higher-quality sources of nutrients than do households that do

not receive the transfer but have comparable overall income or consumption levels

12
 CCT programs are very well-targeted and effective in reaching the poor and the excluded

groups, notably the extreme poor living outside the reach of social protection programs tied with

formal sector employment. On average, 80% of the benefits go to the 40% poorest families. The

programs have also promoted equality of gender since they provide larger funds to girls since

they often drop out earlier, so it has increased their enrollment and attendance to secondary

levels of education. In the long run, these investments may also yield to significant changes in

women's empowerment and insertion in economic networks.

Overall, these programs provide money to poor families under the condition that those

transfers are used as savings on their children’s human capital, such as regular school attendance

and basic preventive health care. The purpose of these programs is to address the inter-

generational transmission of poverty and to nurture social inclusion by targeting the poor,

focusing on children, delivering transfers to women, and changing social accountability

relationships between beneficiaries, service providers and governments.

Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program

The 4Ps is a social program that entails monetary and non-monetary transfers to the poor

or poorest families who have school-aged children on the condition that they meet the program’s

terms that are aimed at improving their capacities (Cecchini and Madariaga 2011).

Brazil and Mexico were the first countries that implemented that 4Ps program. The main

objective was to provide cash to families who are in extreme poverty in exchange for some

education and health care commitments. Since then, many countries, including the Philippines,

have attempted to replicate their examples. (Valeña L. 2015).

13
 The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, or 4Ps, is the Philippines’ version of the

conditional cash transfer. Based on the Department of Social Welfare and Development Studies

(DSWD) primer, the 4Ps is a poverty reduction and social development strategy of the national

government. It provides cash transfers to extremely poor households to help improve their

health, nutrition and education. The program specifically targeted poor families with children

aged 0-14. The two main objectives of the program are social assistance and social development.

The former aims to alleviate the poor’s immediate needs, hence it can be termed as a short-term

poverty alleviation measure. The latter, however, aims to break the intergenerational poverty

cycle by investing in human capital. Meanwhile, the 4Ps helps in fulfilling the country’s

commitment in the Millennium Development Goals particularly in: (1) eradicating extreme

poverty and hunger; (2) achieving universal primary education; (3) promoting gender equality;

(4) reducing child mortality; and, (5) improving maternal health. (Valeña L. 2015).

Related Studies

Local Studies

Siena, J.R. 2015 his research focuses on the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps),

a poverty alleviation measure that was implemented in the Province of Apayao, Philippines. A

social policy aimed at conveying the poorest households from the intergenerational cycle of

poverty by investing in human capital development. The program had the purpose of providing

cash assistance on the condition and expectation that it would be spent for education and health

needs of the households. However, one of the characteristic of cash transfers is that decisions of

spending lies heavily on the decisions of the households as determined by current needs and

14
priorities. Hence, the deviation from the program’s noble intention. This study trails in adding to

the general knowledge on the impacts of conditional cash transfers to the livelihoods of

recipients. In this regard, it seeks to find out the effects of the 4Ps program to the assets of the

low-income household recipients in Apayao by looking into first, how the program was

implemented, second, how risks influence household CCT utilization, third, why they used the

CCT outside the conditions, fourth, how the CCT affect the changes of livelihood assets, and

lastly, the perception of the recipients about the program.

Reyes and Tabuga (2012) explained that the 4Ps also made the outcomes of other

programs of the DSWD better. One such program includes the Sustainable Livelihood Program

(SLP), which serves as the graduation program of the 4Ps beneficiaries, in two tracks: micro

financing for small businesses and assistance to find jobs. Also, the 4Ps was linked to a multi-

agency effort that provides health and nutrition interventions for infants and their mothers. One

program explained that it provided beneficiary-families immunization and nutritional

supplementation for infants, as well as livelihood opportunities for their mothers. They also

discuss that the goal of the government’s 4Ps program is the overall improvement in educational

attainment of those who are included in the program, with the hope of decreasing drop-out rates

in schools. one of the priorities of 4P’s is to achieve development in human capital. The authors

said that 4P’s have great potential in improving nutrition and health results based on the

experience of other countries who have implemented the CCT. One of the problems in the

educational system that the 4Ps is expected to resolve is increasing dropout rates, Reyes and

Tabuga said. The authors said the CCT programs in other countries have been successful in

achieving higher enrollment rate.

One of the fundamental objectives of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

15
(4Ps) is to involve its citizens in community organizations specifically in the implementation of

the program itself. Skovdal et al. (2013) stated that the main responsibility of the program is to

organize community meetings and verify eligible beneficiaries. He said that every citizen has

important roles in the planning and implementation of the program such that each oversees the

check and balances, monitor compliance of beneficiaries on conditions, and facilitate parenting

skills classes.

Foreign Studies

According to the study of Saavedra, J. E (2016) Evidence from the first surge of CCTs

programs in Latin America suggested that these programs might have helped reduce poverty

among program participants. The Nicaraguan CCT program reduced the portion of participating

households under the poverty line, by 5 percentage points after two years, and the Colombian

CCT program reduced the poverty rate by 3 percentage points over 4 years. The evidence from

programs in Mexico and Honduras, however, suggests no visible impact on the poverty rate

among program participants (Fiszbein and Schady 2009).

More recent evidence from a wider range of CCT programs in Latin America indicates

that CCTs may contribute to reducing poverty rates at the national level. Evidence using

household data from thirteen Latin American countries suggests that relative to an internationally

comparable poverty line of USD PPP 2.5/day, national poverty rates would be 1 to 2 percentage

points higher—about 13 percent higher relative to average baseline rates—in the absence of

CCTs (Stampini and Tornarolli, 2012).

16
 According to Rawling and Rubio (2003) on “Evaluating the Impact of Conditional Cash

Transfer Programs: Lesson from America, “Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Latin

America is an effective means for promoting human capital accumulation among poor

households. In particular, there is clear evidence of program success in increasing enrolment

rates, improving preventive health care and raising household consumption.

According to the article Conditional Cash Transfer CCT Asia to Reduce Poverty in

May 10 2013. Asia's conditional cash transfers have particular resonance because many countries

in the region are grappling with issues of inequality. Though the economies of the region have

grown quickly, many people have remained poor. Conditional cash transfers are used to help the

families in need, while the required actions, or conditions, have a long-term societal impact on

making people less poor. In other words, the payments can be used to pay the bills but the effect

of having more poor children healthy and educated is long-term and powerful.

Moreover Levy says "The impact CCTs can have on breaking the cycle of poverty for poor

households should not be underestimated, provided that governments ensure that these do not

create poverty traps" and a monthly stipend may become a crutch for the poor rather than a

means to become financially independent, he explains.

17
Conceptual Framework

The main purpose of this study is to find out the socio-economic impact of the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s) to the resident-beneficiaries of Barangay, Bacnar, San

Carlos, Pangasinan before and during their inclusion to the program.

It integrates the personal attributes with the socio-economic conditions of the

beneficiaries before and during their inclusion to Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s)

and possible development in the livelihood of the beneficiaries after the implementation of the

said program. This means that the personal attributes of the respondents influence the economic

conditions of the beneficiaries before and during their inclusion to the Pantawid Pamilyang

Pilipino Program (4P’s) in terms of their livelihood.

Economic
status of the
beneficiaries
before their
inclusion in the
Socio-demographic
Pantawid
profile as to their:
Pamilya
A. Age Pilipino To determine if 4p’s
B. Sex Program is a significant
C. Civil status predictor of
D. Occupation livelihood
E. Monthly development to the
income
beneficiaries of Brgy.
F. Highest
Bacnar, San Carlos
educational
attainment Economic City, Pangasianan
G. Number of status of the
children beneficiaries
during their
inclusion in
the Pantawid
Pamilyang
18
Program
Figure1. A research paradigm showing the personal attributes (age, sex, civil status, occupation,

monthly family income, and highest educational attainment affecting the economic conditions

(livelihood) of the beneficiaries before and during their inclusion in PantawidPamilyang Pilipino

Program (4P’s) together with the possible development to the livelihood of the beneficiaries.

19
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methods and materials used by the researchers in the study. It

discusses the research design, the subject, the research instrument, data gathering procedures,

and statistical treatment employed in this research.

Research Design

The descriptive method of research is used in this study. It is used to obtain information

concerning the current status of the phenomena to describe "what exists" with respect to

variables or conditions in a situation. The method involves range from the survey which

describes the status quo. The needed information about the subjects in the study is gathered

through the use of a set of survey questionnaire to determine the Effect of Pantawid Pamilyang

Pilipino Program in the Livelihood of the Beneficiaries of Barangay, Bacnar San Carlos City,

Pangasian. The descriptive method of research is the most frequently used in all discipline.

Descriptive method of research is generally used for frequencies, averages, and other statistical

calculations. Often the best approach, prior to writing descriptive research, is to conduct a survey

investigation.

Data Gathering Procedure

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 The researchers would send a letter to the Barangay Captain of Barangay Bacnar, San

Carlos City, Pangasinan to ask permission in the conduct of the research. The researchers would

send letter to the respondents to formally ask for their participation in the conduct of the study.

The researchers would administer a survey questionnaire personally to the respondents to

make sure they are ready to answer the questions and to answer any of their questions. The

researchers would also assure the respondents that all their responses would be kept confidential.

Subjects of the Study

The subjects of the study on the impact of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s)

were the beneficiaries of 4P’s in Barangay Bacnar, San Carlos City, Pangasinan.

There were a total of (69) respondents randomly selected from a population of (303)

beneficiaries all over Barangay Bacnar at a 0.05 sampling error.

The researcher used the Lynch’s formula as shown below:

NZ 2 ° p(1− p)
N=
Nd 2 +Z 2 p (1− p)

Where:
n= sample size
N= population
Z= the value of the normal variable (1.96) for reliability level of 0.95
d= sampling error
p=largest possible proportion (0.50)

21
Part II-B of the questionnaire which is indicators of before and during inclusion to 4P’s were

measured by asking the respondents to rate each statement using a 3 point scale. The level of

importance was scored by numbers 1-3 (before and during), with its legends; Always, 3 points;

Sometimes, 2 points; and Never, 1 point. The average weighted mean were computed to

determine the effect of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program before and during their inclusion.

The formula is as follows:

∑ fx
x=
∑ fx

Where:

X = weighted mean

∑fx = sum of all the products of (f) frequency and (x) option

∑f = total number

f = frequency

x = value scale

The descriptive equivalent for the average weighted mean was as follows:

Range Descriptive

1.0- 1.66 Always (A)

1.67-2.34 Sometimes (S)

2.35-3.00 Never (N)

Data Gathering Instrument

A survey questionnaire would be used as the main tool in gathering important

information from the respondents. The questionnaire has the following respective parts; Part A

and B questionnaire checklist about the Effects of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program to the

22
livelihood of the beneficiaries of Barangay Bacnar, San Carlos City, Pangasinan. The first part

was all about personal information of the respondents which includes their name, age, and sex

civil status, occupation, monthly income and highest educational attainment. Part B of the

questionnaire is all about the implementation of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers would send a letter to the Barangay Captain of Barangay Bacnar, San

Carlos City, Pangasinan to ask permission in the conduct of the research. The researchers would

send letter to the respondents to formally ask for their participation in the conduct of the study.

The researchers would administer an interview personally to the respondents to make

sure they are ready to answer the questions and to answer any of their questions. The researchers

would also assure the respondents that all their responses would be kept confidential.

Statistical Treatment of Data

To determine the profile of the respondents, frequency distribution which includes

frequency counts, percentage were computed, and the formula of which is presented below:

The researcher used the Lynch formula as shown below:

NZ 2 ° p(1− p)
N=
Nd 2 +Z 2 p (1− p)

Where:

n= sample size

N= population

Z= the value of the normal variable (1.96) for reliability level of 0.95

23
 d= sampling error

p=largest possible proportion (0.50)

Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS OF DATA AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGSS

This part of the study presents the data gathered. Which are analyzed on the basis of the

problems raised and interpreted based on the findings. Such data are presented in tabular and

textual form showing.

Analysis of Data

The result of 4P’s on the livelihood condition of the beneficiaries residing in Brgy.

Bacnar San Carlos City Pangasinan. Before and during their inclusion into the program in terms

of livelihood.

TABLE 2.A PROFILE OF THE PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM

BENEFICIARIES (4Ps)

The result of 4P’s on the socio-economic condition of the beneficiaries residing in Brgy.

Bacnar, San Carlos City Pangasinan. Before and during their inclusion into the program in terms

of their livelihood.

24
 Profile f %
Age

19-29 years old 3 4.3

30-39 years old 16 23.2
40-49 years old 26 37.7
50-59 years old 22 31.9
60 years old and above 2 2.9
Total 69 100.0

The table shows that majority of the beneficiaries belong to the age of 40-49 years as revealed by
the frequency of 37.7 %. There are 3 beneficiaries who belong to the age group of 19-29 years
and 2 have the age of 60 and above. Meanwhile there are 16 beneficiaries who belong to the age
group 30-39 years with percentage of 23. 2% and 31.9% or the 22 respondents have the age
ranging to 50-59 years old.

TABLE 2.B

Sex
f %
Male 6 8.7
Female 63 91.3
Total 69 100.0

The data also reveals that almost all of the respondents are female as shown by the frequency of
63 or 91.3 % and the male beneficiaries having only 3 or 8.7 %. It indicates that women are the
ones left at home and the one who are registered to be the beneficiaries of Pantawid Pamilyang
Pilipino Program or 4P’s.

TABLE 2.C

25
 Civil Status f %
Widower 5 7.2
Married 62 89.9
Separated 2 2.9
Total 69 100.0

The table shows that 89.9 % or 62 of the beneficiaries are married. Meanwhile 5 or 7.2 % are
widower and 2 of the beneficiaries are separated.

TABLE 2.D

Occupation
f %
Farmer 7 10.1
Housewife 32 46.4
Driver 4 5.8
Laborer 7 10.1
Handicraft 15 21.7
Vendor 4 5.8
Total 69 100.0

It could be scrutinized from the table that most of the beneficiaries don’t have occupation or
jobless (housewife) evidenced by the frequency of 32 or 46.6% followed by handicrafts with 21
beneficiaries or 21. 7%. It only shows that the most significant role of Filipino women is being a
housewife and the one who stays at home most of the time to look for the comfort of the whole
family.

TABLE 2.E

26
 Monthly Family Income
f %
Below 1000 15 21.7
1000-3000 36 52.2
3000-5000 12 17.4
5000-10,000 6 8.7
Total 69 100.0

It can also be viewed from the table that the highest family income is Php 1000-3000 with 36 or
52.2 %. This only means that having a family income of Php 1000-3000 indicates that these
families cannot sustain the right needs of their family and it also reveals that these families are
on the poverty line or classified as poor particularly in Brgy. Bacnar, San Carlos, Pangasinan.

TABLE 2.F

Highest Educational Attainment

f %
Elementary Level 5 7.2
Elementary Graduate 15 21.7
High School Level 11 15.9
High School Graduate 29 42.0
Vocational Graduate 4 5.8
College Graduate 5 7.2
Total 69 100

The table displays that most of the beneficiaries are High School Graduate with the frequency of
29 or 42 %. Fifteen (15) or of the beneficiaries belong to Elementary Graduate group. Eleven
(11) or 15. 9% belong to High School level. Followed by both 5 beneficiaries or 7.2 % belong to
Elementary level group and College Graduate. Four (4) or 5.8% belong to Vocational level

27
group. The result suggests that the highest educational attainment of the beneficiaries mirrors
their financial difficulties, family responsibilities and accessibility are the reason why most of the
beneficiaries do not have high education.

TABLE 2.G

Number Of Children
f %
1-5 children 39 56.5
6-10 children 28 40.6
The data 11-15 children 1 1.4 in the
table shows that
6 1 1.4
majority of the
Total 69 100.0
beneficiaries have 1-5 children or 56.5 %. Some have 6-10 children or 40.6 %. And 1 have 11-15
children. It can be concluded that most of the respondents have big family size and so they
cannot almost afford to purchase the needs of their family.

TABLE 2.H

Other source of income

f %
None 35 50.7
Farming 12 17.4
Laboring 6 8.7
Crafting 9 13.0
Driving 4 5.8
Vendor 3 4.3
Total 69 100.0

The table above clearly states that most of the beneficiaries in Brgy. Bacnar, San Carlos,
Pangasinan. 50.7 % or the frequencies of 35 do not have other source of their income. Farming
has the frequency of 12 or 17. 4 %. Followed by crafting with a 13% or frequency of 9 and 6 of

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the beneficiaries have side line work with a frequency of 6 or 8.7%. While 4 of the respondents
is into driving and 3 are vendors.

Table 3.A1 The Livelihood conditions of the beneficiaries before their inclusion in

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s

Livelihood WM DV

1. My spouse and I have a work. 2.23 Sometimes

2. We go to rice field to plant. 1.84 Sometimes
3. The mother accepts extra work like doing laundry, caring for 2.03 Sometimes
other family’s children on a daily payment basis.
4. My family has garden of fruit-bearing trees and vegetables. 1.33 Always
5. My family has a small poultry such as chicken, pig, goat and 1.41 Always
cow.
6. My family has a mini sari-sari store. 2.75 Never
7. Older children are made to work on non-school days like 2.35 Never
pedicab driving, being sent to errands by relatives, well-to-do
families.
8. Married children help in the generation of income for the 2.62 Never
family.
9. We go to our neighbors’, friends and relatives to finance the 1.99 Sometimes
chosen business.
10. We receive justifiable money to support the daily expenses. 1.14 Always
11. We go to lending firms to fund planting season. 1.81 Sometimes
12. We are happy, enjoy and cherish every moment of our work. 1.07 Always
13. My family invest on hog raising, fishing and planting. 1.77 Sometimes
14. My family harvest products of our garden to sell. 2.29 Sometimes

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 15. We used to sell to streets and side-walks. 2.77 Never
16. We pay taxes. 1.71 Sometimes
17. We accept all jobs that are related to our skills and talents. 1.22 Always
18. My spouse and I works together to increase productivity 1.01 Always
every day.
19. We are delayed on paying our debt. 2.32 Sometimes
20. We receive a higher wage in harvesting season. 2,.10 Sometimes

Sub-total 1.88 Sometimes

The table shows that the beneficiaries sometimes experience the socio-economic

conditions in terms of livelihood aspect before their membership of the said program.

Beneficiaries has always work or if not some are jobseekers or sidelines, or looking for other

sources of extra-income such as the mother doing laundry services, or caring for other family’s

children on a daily payment basis.

Table 3.A2 The Livelihood conditions of the beneficiaries during their inclusion in

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s)

Livelihood WM DV

1. My spouse and I have a work. 1.32 Always

2. We go to rice field to plant. 1.86 Sometimes
3. The mother accepts extra work like doing laundry, caring for 2.26 Sometimes
other family’s children on a daily payment basis.
4. My family has garden of fruit-bearing trees and vegetables. 1.36 Always
5. My family has a small poultry such as chicken, pig, goat and 1.35 Always
cow.
6. My family has a mini sari-sari store. 2.54 Never
7. Older children are made to work on non-school days like 2.41 Never
pedicab driving, being sent to errands by relatives, well-to-do
families.
8. Married children help in the generation of income for the 2.86 Never
family.
9. We go to our neighbours, friends and relatives to finance the 1.93 Sometimes
chosen business.
10. We receive justifiable money to support the daily expenses. 1.12 Always
11. We go to lending firms to fund planting season. 1.86 Sometimes

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 12. We are happy, enjoy and cherish every moment of our work. 1.07 Always
13. My family invest on hog raising, fishing and planting. 1.80 Sometimes
14. My family harvest products of our garden to sell. 2.35 Never
15. We used to sell to streets and side-walks. 2.78 Never
16. We pay taxes. 1.74 Sometimes
17. We accept all jobs that are related to our skills and talents. 1.22 Always
18. My spouse and I works together to increase productivity 1.10 Always
every day.
19. We are delayed on paying our debt. 2.29 Sometimes
20. We receive a higher wage in harvesting season. 2.25 Sometimes

Sub-total 1.87 Sometimes

The table shows that the beneficiaries sometimes experience the socio-economic

conditions in terms of livelihood aspect during their membership of the said program.

Beneficiaries has always work or if not some are jobseekers or sidelines, or looking for other

sources of extra-income such as the mother doing laundry services, or caring for other family’s

children on a daily payment basis.

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 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of this study, the conclusions drawn and the

recommendations raised based on the findings.

Summary
This study determined the impact of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

(4P’s) on the Livelihood of the beneficiaries residing in Barangay Bacnar, San Carlos

City, Pangasinan.

Specifically, the following aspects were looked into: personal attributes of the

respondents in terms of age, sex, civil status, occupation, monthly family income, highest

educational attainment and number of children, others source of income; Socio-economic

condition of the beneficiaries before and during their inclusion in the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program in terms of their Livelihood; significant difference between

32
 the Livelihood of the beneficiaries before and during their inclusion in the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

The study made used of descriptive method of research and a survey

questionnaire was used as the main tool in gathering the needed information. The subjects

of the study were sixty-nine (69) households/families of Bacnar, San Carlos City,

Pangasinan representing 22.77% of the three hundred three (303) households/families

who are beneficiaries of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

Based on the data presented in the different tables, the findings are summarized

as follows:

1. Majority of the respondents were female with 91.3%, and were 40-49 years old.

Moreover, they have an average of four (1-5) children. Because of financial

difficulties, family responsibilities and accessibility, 42% of them are High School

Graduate. Most of the respondents have family income of below Php 1000-3000 with 36

or 52.2 %.. Majority of the respondents are housewives.

2. Over-all the socio-economic conditions of the beneficiaries prior to their inclusion in

4Ps, most of the respondents somerimes experienced benefit on livelihood with total

weighted mean of 1.88. Meanwhile, during the inclusion of the beneficiaries on the

said program, majority of the respondents sometimes experienced the conditions in

terms of livelihood with a total weighted mean of 1.87.

Conclusions

33
 In the light of the foregoing findings of the study, the following conclusions were

drawn:

3. Majority of the respondents were female with 91.3%, and were 40-49 years old.

Moreover, they have an average of four (1-5) children. Because of financial

difficulties, family responsibilities and accessibility, 42% of them are High School

Graduate. Most of the respondents have family income of below Php 1000-3000 with 36

or 52.2 %.. Majority of the respondents are housewives.

4. Over-all the socio-economic conditions of the beneficiaries prior to their inclusion in

4Ps, most of the respondents somerimes experienced benefit on livelihood with total

weighted mean of 1.88. Meanwhile, during the inclusion of the beneficiaries on the

said program, majority of the respondents sometimes experienced the conditions in

terms of livelihood with a total weighted mean of 1.87.

Recommendation

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study; the following

recommendations were hereby suggested:

1. Aside from the giving cash grants to the beneficiaries the government should also make

an effort to give them job.

2. The citizen on the other hand, should cooperate with the government. Citizen should find

a way to look for a job and help in uplifting their lives so they will not always relying on

the government assistance given to them.

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3. The local government should improve the process of selection of beneficiaries and the

monitoring of the program.

4. The National government should conduct a forum whether they will retain or revise the

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

5. A similar study should be conducted to make sure whether the program had met its

desired objectives.

6. Reclassification of the beneficiaries.

7. The future researchers should include in their studies the aftermath of the program after

their inclusion.

35