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    Summary of Convergence - Tests

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    melat
    This document summarizes several common tests used to determine if a series converges or diverges, including the p-series test, direct comparison test, limit comparison test, integral test, ratio test, ratio test for absolute convergence, root test, and alternating series test. Each test lists the criteria for determining if a series converges or diverges based on the properties of the series terms. The comments provide additional guidance on when each test can be applied and warnings about limitations.

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    Summary of Convergence - Tests

    Uploaded by

    melat
    21 views3 pages
    This document summarizes several common tests used to determine if a series converges or diverges, including the p-series test, direct comparison test, limit comparison test, integral test, ratio test, ratio test for absolute convergence, root test, and alternating series test. Each test lists the criteria for determining if a series converges or diverges based on the properties of the series terms. The comments provide additional guidance on when each test can be applied and warnings about limitations.

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    Summary of Convergence_Tests

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    This document summarizes several common tests used to determine if a series converges or diverges, including the p-series test, direct comparison test, limit comparison test, integral test, ratio test, ratio test for absolute convergence, root test, and alternating series test. Each test lists the criteria for determining if a series converges or diverges based on the properties of the series terms. The comments provide additional guidance on when each test can be applied and warnings about limitations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views3 pages

    Summary of Convergence - Tests

    Uploaded by

    melat
    This document summarizes several common tests used to determine if a series converges or diverges, including the p-series test, direct comparison test, limit comparison test, integral test, ratio test, ratio test for absolute convergence, root test, and alternating series test. Each test lists the criteria for determining if a series converges or diverges based on the properties of the series terms. The comments provide additional guidance on when each test can be applied and warnings about limitations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Summary 

    of Convergence Tests 
    NAME STATEMENT COMMENTS
    Test for Divergence If lim 0, then ∑ diverges. If lim 0, then ∑ may or
    →∞ →∞
    may not converge.
    P-Series Test Let ∑ be a series with positive This test can be used in conjunction
    with the comparison test for any an
    terms, then
    whose denominator is raised to the
    (a) Series converges if p>1
    nth power.
    (b) Series diverges if p≤1
    Direct Comparison Test Let ∑ and ∑ be series with This test works best for series whose
    non-negative terms such that formulas look very similar to the
    , , ,… format needed for another test. Best
    if ∑ converges, then ∑ example: when is a rational funct.
    converges, and if ∑ diverges, WARNING: must use a second test
    then ∑ diverges. to determine whether the built series
    converges or diverges.
    Limit Comparison Test Let ∑ and ∑ be series with This is easier to apply than the
    positive terms such that Direct Comparison Test and works
    lim in the same type of cases.
    →
    WARNING: must use a second test
    if 0 < < ∞, then both series
    to determine whether the built series
    converge, or both series diverge.
    converges or diverges.
    Integral Test Let ∑ be a series with positive This test only works for series that
    terms, and let be the function have positive terms.
    that results when n is replaced by
    in the nth term of the associated Try this test when is easy to
    sequence. If is decreasing and integrate.
    continuous for 1, then
    ∑ and
    both converge or both diverge.
    Ratio Test Let ∑ be a series and suppose Try this test when involves
    ℓ lim factorials or combinations of
    →
    different types of functions.
    (a) Converges if 1 ℓ 1
    (b) Diverges if ℓ 1 or ℓ 1
    (c) Test fails if ℓ 1
    Ratio Test for Absolute Let ∑ be a series and suppose This is the default test because it is
    Convergence ℓ lim one of the easiest tests and it rarely
    → fails.
    (a) Series converges if ℓ < 1 NOTE: the series need not have only
    (b) Series diverges if ℓ > 1 positive terms nor does it have to be
    (c) Test fails if ℓ = 1 alternating.
    Root Test Let ∑ be a series and suppose This test is the most accurate, but
    ℓ lim | | not the easiest to use in many
    → situations.
    (a) Series converges if ℓ < 1
    (b) Series diverges if ℓ > 1 Use this test when has nth powers.
    (c) Test fails if ℓ = 1
    Alternating Series Test If an > 0 for all n, then the series This test only applies to alternating
    a1 – a2 + a3 – a4 + … or series.
    -a1 + a2 – a3 + a4 – …
    Converges if: NOTE: | | | |
    (a) a1 > a2 > a3 > a4 > … which means that error of the
    (b) lim =0 partial sum of the first __ number of
    →
    terms of the series is less than the
    absolute value of next term.

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