Name:…………………………… TIẾT 4.

SUBJUNCTIVES - PRESENT & PAST

Class: 12…………..

1. Wish clauses
Wish-clause Main clause Adv of time
S+ wish / S + would + V... Tomorrow, next..., in the future…
wishes
Ex: I wish I would be an astronaut in the future.
S+ wish / S + Ved/2nd... Now, right now, today, at the moment, at once, at
wishes (beWERE) present...
Ex: I wish I were rich.
S+ wish / S+ had+ Ved/3rd.... Yesterday, last..., ago, in the past ...
wishes
Ex: She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house.

2. Clauses after AS IF / AS THOUGH (như thể là)

S + V + as if / as though + S + Ved/2 nd (Past Subjunctive) (sự việc không thật ở

hiện tại)

Ex: She is walking as if she was / were a fashion model. (But she is not a fashion model.)
He behaves as though he owned the place. (But he doesn’t own it.)
Tom looks scared as if he had seen a ghost. (But he didn’t see a ghost).
He looks dirty as if he hadn’t taken a bath for months. (But it isn’t true that he hasn’t take
a bath for months.)

3. Clauses after IT’S TIME, or IT’S HIGH TIME (đã đến lúc…)

It’s (high) time + S + V (Past Simple/Past Subjunctive)

Ex: It’s time you went to bed.

It’s high time we departed our journey.
* Another structure:

It’s (high) time + (for O) + to-V

Ex: It’s time for her to go to school.

It’s high time to set the new goals for the next month.

4. Clauses after WOULD RATHER (mong muốn)

Would rather (mong muốn rằng)

S + would rather + … (that) S + (not) + V(-to) ở tương lai

nd
S + Ved/2 (be  were) ở HT (không thật)
S + had + Ved/3rd ở QK (không thật)
Ex: We would rather he buy that car.
 He would rather it weren’t winter now.
I would rather she hadn’t left yesterday. (But she did leave yesterday.)
We would rather you had had good result. (But you didn’t have good results)

* Other structures:

S + would rather (not) + Vo…. (than + Vo)..: thích …hơn / muốn làm gì…hơn (ở
hiện tại/tương lai)
have + Ved/3 (than + Ved/3) ….
Ex: I would rather stay at home than go out with my friends.
I would rather not go out.
John would rather not have gone to class yesterday.

5. In a THAT-clause after some verbs and adjectives (dùng để đề xuất rằng hành động nào
đó là cần thiết phải thực hiện)
S + ask / demand / insist / request / require +THAT + S + (SHOULD) + Vo
propose (đề xuất) / recommend (gợi ý) / suggest (đề nghị)

Ex: She asked that she (should) be kept informed of developments.

He proposed that the book (should) be banned.

IT + be + important/necessary/urgent/vital/essential + THAT + S + (SHOULD) +Vo

anxious / desirable (mong muốn) / advisable (được khuyên rằng)

Ex: It is important that an exact record (should) be kept.

It is desirable that everyone (should) have equal opportunities to work.

6. Main clauses of Conditional sentences Type 2 and 3, and Clauses after WISH
 PRACTICE
A. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. I'd rather you ____ say anything to John about this conversation.
A. don't B. won't C. didn't D. can't
2. I would rather you ____ to school so late last Tuesday.
A. wouldn't have got B. wouldn't get C. didn't get D. hadn't got
3. I wish Paul worked as hard as Mary ____.
A. did B. does C. will D. can
4. John left without a word. If only he ____ something.
A. says B. had said C. was saying D. to say
5. It has been raining for days now. I wish it ____ soon.
A. would stop B. will stop C. stops D. has stopped
6. Vicky was very surprised to see us there. I wish you ____ her face.
A. have been B. saw C. could have seen D. would have seen
7. Frankness is a great thing, but I'd rather you ____ to Miss White what I think about her.
A. not repeat B. won't repeat C. don't repeat D. didn't repeat
8. I left my office at four because I was sure Mr. Andrews wouldn't come. Now I wish I ____
for him.
A. had waited B. did wait C. would have waited D. would wait
9. I'm afraid very few people know about the concert and almost no one will come. If only the
posters ____ on time.
A. were hanging B. were hung
C. were hanged D. had been hung
10. Jack, the security guard at the factory, ____ the robbery ____ on his shift.
A. was wishing - hasn't been occurring B. had wished - shouldn't occu
C. wishes - hadn't occurred D. wished - hasn't occurred
11. I wish I ____ to that party last night.
A. didn't go B. wouldn't have gone C. hadn't gone D. wouldn't go
12. I wish I ____ able to accept that role, but I was preparing for another play at the time.
A. have been B. would be C. was D. had been
13. What a pity I was away! If only the fax ____ me an hour earlier.
A. did reach B. would reach C. reached D. had reached
14. The situation was a little embarrassing when Mary served roast beef for her dinner. I wish
I ____ her that Nick was a vegetarian.
A. had told B. told C. better told D. would tell
15. "If only we ____ about this service before!"
A. had known B. knew C. could know D. could have known
16. "I'd rather you ____ me the truth now."
A. tell B. told C. talked D. say
17. I'd rather you ____ the tickets before they are all sold out.
A. bought B. not buy C. to buy D. should buy
18. I wish I ____ time to see more exhibitions.
A. was having B. had C. have had D. would have had
19. I'm really sleepy today. I wish I ____ Bob to the airport late last night.
A. weren't taking B. hadn't had to take
C. didn't have to take D. didn't take
20. I'd rather you ____ absent from the meeting yesterday. Things might have been different.
 A. not be B. weren't C. hadn't been D. haven't been
B. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. I wish I didn't speak to him so severely yesterday.
A B C D
2. I have a lot of work to do. I wish I have more time.
A B C D
3. If only I have done the test better than other students did.
A B C D
4. Sean wishes he didn't take part in the play yesterday because he forgot the lines.
A B C D
C. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is
closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
1. They regret ever moving into that house.
A. They hoped they wouldn't move into that house.
B. They wish they had not moved into that house.
C. If only they didn't move into that house.
D. They think that they should have moved into that house.
2. The police are supposed to do something about these people.
A. I wish the police would do something about these people.
B. The police should have done something about these people.
C. Supposedly, the police do something about these people.
D. The police suppose that these people do something.
3. I wish I didn't have to get up early tomorrow.
A. I don't have to get up early tomorrow.
B. I will have to get up early tomorrow.
C. Getting up early tomorrow is not necessary.
D. It is my wish to get up early tomorrow,
4. I regret not telling the truth.
A. If only I could tell the truth.
B. Telling the truth means regret.
C. I have never regretted telling the truth.
D. I wish I had told the truth
5. They think that they shouldn't have lent Jack the car.
A. They regret having lent the car to Jack.
B. They should not borrow the car from Jack.
C. Jack is not the person they lend the car.
D. Jack doesn't return the car to them on time.