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S-MATH311LA BSM31 1st Sem (2021-2022) - 1st Sem AY2021-2022

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S-MATH311LA BSM31 1st Sem ( 2021-2022 ) - 1st Sem AY2021-202... https://dlsud.edu20.org/student_lesson/show/2795121?lesson_id=130...

S-MATH311LA BSM31 1st Sem ( 2021-2022 ) - 1st Sem AY2021-2022

Introduction to Management Science

Problem Solving and Decision Making


Immersive Reader

Problem Solving and Decision Making


Problem solving can be defined as the process of identifying a
difference between the actual and the desired state of affairs and
then taking action to resolve the difference. For problems
important enough to justify the time and effort of careful analysis,
the problem-solving process involves the following seven steps:
1. Identify and define the problem
2. Determine the set of alternative solutions
3. Determine the criterion or criteria that will be used to evaluate
the alternatives.
4. Evaluate the alternatives
5. Choose an alternative
6. Implement the selected alternative
7. Evaluate the results to determine whether a satisfactory
solution has been obtain.

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S-MATH311LA BSM31 1st Sem ( 2021-2022 ) - 1st Sem AY2021-202... https://dlsud.edu20.org/student_lesson/show/2795121?lesson_id=130...

Decision making is the term generally associated with the first


five steps of the problem-solving process. Thus, the first step of
decision making is to identify and define the problem. Decision
making ends with the choosing of an alternative, which is the act
of making the decision.
Single-criterion decision problems are problems in which the
objective is to find the best solution with respect to one criterion.
Multicriteria decision problems are problems in which the
objective is to find the best solution with respect to more than one
criterion.

Quantitative Analysis and Decision Making


Here are some reasons for a Quantitative Analysis Approach to
Decision Making
• The problem is complex. For example, a decision maker
cannot develop a good solution without the aid of quantitative
method and analysis.
• The problem is very important. For example, a great deal of
money is involved and a wrong decision could result to a

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S-MATH311LA BSM31 1st Sem ( 2021-2022 ) - 1st Sem AY2021-202... https://dlsud.edu20.org/student_lesson/show/2795121?lesson_id=130...

great loss.
• The problem is new. For example, a decision maker have no
previous experience to draw solution to the problem.
• The problem is repetitive. For example, a decision maker can
save time and effort by relying on quantitative procedures to
make routine decision recommendations.
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