FOREWORD

Thank you for the presence of Allah SWT, because of His grace we can complete this
paper on "The Contribution of Islam in World Civilization". Prayers and greetings may
always be poured out on our great lord, the Prophet Muhammad, who has shown us a straight
path in the form of perfect teachings of Islam and a blessing and mercy for the entire
universe.

The author is very grateful for completing the paper which became the task of
religious education with the title "Contribution of Islam in World Civilization". Besides that,
we would like to express our gratitude to all those who helped us during the making of this
paper so that this paper was realized. That is what we can say, hopefully this paper can
be useful and don't forget to submit criticism and suggestions for this paper so that it can be
improved in the future.

Surabaya, April 20, 2019

Composer
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Introduction
The Western world has now achieved very rapid progress, especially in the fields
of science and technology. But basically the progress created by the Western world
today is inseparable from the transformation and intellectual contribution of Islam in
previous times or during the heyday of Islam. At that time, the Western world was still
in a period of darkness due to the doctrine of the church, whereas in the eastern
hemisphere Muslims had formed a glorious civilization that created many scientific
and scientific developments that developed rapidly.
The rise of Islam at that time was not only felt by Muslim communities, non-
Muslim communities felt the progress of Islam, including the Western world. But over
time Muslims began to experience setbacks in the Middle Ages, which ultimately
touched Islam with the Western world which led to the intellectual transformation of
Islam which gave birth to the renaissance, reformation and rationalism movements in
the Western world.Thus, the advances in the knowledge of the Western world which
are so developed today are inseparable from the contribution of the progress of Islam
at the time of the glory of Muslims at that time.

B. Problem Formulation1
1. How is the influence of Islamic civilization in the world?
2. What is the contribution of Islamic intellectuals in the Western world?
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Development of Amawiyah Islamic Andalusian Culture 2

Under the rule of Amawiyah 2, Andalus culture can be said to still be a pilot,
especially in the fields of literature, architecture and intellectuals. As a pioneer Abd
Rahman al-Dakhil sought the unity of the entire population of Andalusia. He
governed from 756-788 ADIn the field of building art (architecture), Abd Rahman al-
Dakhil pioneered building the city of Cordova complete with palaces, parks and
mosques. The Cordova Mosque, built in 786 by Al-Dakhil, has a basic pattern in the
form of a Damascus mosque. Then the mosque was enlarged by Abd Rahman II and
Al-Hakam II so that it became a very beautiful mosque. At the time of Abd Rahman
III also built a palace called Al-Zahra, which collapsed in 1013 AD because of the
invasion of the Barbarians. The palace was built from a blend of Byzantine and
Islamic style art.Islamic fields that developed at that time included jurisprudence,
hadith, interpretation, kalam knowledge, history, Arabic grammar and philosophy.In
the field of history, the first historian of Andalus was Ibn Hayyan and the famous one
was Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) with his Muqaddimah. Meanwhile philosophy
developed in Spain pioneered by Ibn Masarroh (883-931) which developed rapidly
after the Amawiyah II era.In the arts it reached its peak with the construction of the
Al-Hamra palace in Granada which began in 1246 at the behest of the Nasriyyah
sultan. At that time there was also the knowledge that became the forerunner of
modern sciences such as medicine, pharmacy, botany and geography. Among the
prominent doctors in Spain include Ibn Zuhr, Ibn Rushd, Ibn al-Khotib, and Ibn
Khotima.Meanwhile the development of Islam in North Africa was marked by the
establishment of dynasties such as the Murabbitun Dynasty, the Muwahhidun
Dynasty, the Fathimiyah Dynasty, and the Ayyubid Dynasty. [1]

B. The spread of Islamic civilization in Asia

1. Islamic civilization in Turkey
Before the Ottomans came to power, in Anatoli and Turkey there were several
dynasties: Saljuk, Danishmandiyah and Qarramaniyah. They have a very
important role in the development of Islamic civilization. This is evident,
especially after the destruction of Baghdad (the capital of the Abbasid dynasty)
by the Mongols. They (the Turks) confirmed their independence in building their
own power, as did the Ottoman Turks. The dynasty's influence reaches a wide
area including Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Central Asia, Middle East, Egypt
and North Africa. Considering that among these dynasties there was the most
influential dynasty and the age of his administration was quite long, the Ottoman
Turks. [2]

2. Results of Civilization
 Although the Uthman dynasty ruled for quite a long time, he did not mean
that his civilization developed as rapidly as the Abbasid dynasty. That was
because his expansion politics were not followed by fostering his conquered
territory, besides a hundred years after the conquest of Constatinopel the sultans
were weak. However, the Ottoman Empire still had better governance and its
level of prosperity compared to all parts of Europe which were controlled by
Christians. Likewise the Christian population under Ottoman rule could enjoy
the produce of the earth, personal independence and other business results,
compared with their friends who were in various Christian
kingdoms.Apparently, the Ottoman sultans were hard, but they were liberal and
generous towards the Christian population.
They carry out fair government administration in addition to intensifying
the economy by encouraging trade between them.The Ottomans took many
ethical and political teachings from the Persians. In the field of military and
government, the Ottomans were influenced by Byzantium. However, long
before they assimilated with these nations, from the very first time they entered
Islam, bansa Arab had committed them in the fields of religion, social principles
and law. Therefore Arabic letters are made into official royal letters.
The authority of the Ottoman sultans was also based on a cosmopolitan
culture consisting of elements of Arabic, Persian, Byzantine culture and
European cultural elements. Muhammad II developed Persian poetry and also
European painting. Arab and Persian writers, Italian painters and Greek and
Serbian poets arrived at his palace. Even so, some regimes break away from
elements of Christian influence and European influence towards an art that is
more Islamic and Turkish.
As found in the palaces of Arab and Persian sultans, poetry is the main
expression of king's art. Palace poetry is based on Aruz. Some of the main art
forms are some art forms that have been developed in Persian court poems.The
writing of the history of the early Ottoman period was arranged in Arabic which
was translated into Turkish to legitimize the origins of this dynasty and its rise to
power and sort of daily events in the palace and relating to the military. The
work of Mustafa Ali (1541-1599) Kunch al-Akhbar contains records of world
history from adam to Jesus, the history of early Islam, the history of the Turks
until the rise of the Ottoman empire, ending with Ottoman history. In the 17th
century, historians were employed to record daily events in the palace.
The Ottoman manuscript illustrations also express the Ottoman attitude
towards the kingdom's fate. From the time of Muhammad II, the Ottomans
maintained a palace studio or nakkasbane which employed geographers, painters,
illuminators, and bookbinders who produced manuscripts and to develop patterns
(designs) of ceramics, wooden crafts, metal crafts, textiles, carpets the typical
Ottoman. Between 1451 and 1520, several precedents formed the basis for
Ottoman manuscript art. A number of artists from Shiraz, Tabriz, and Herat
arrived in Istanbul.
Some of the earliest works illustrate copies of Classical Persian works
such as Attar Language of the Birds, The Love Story of Khosraw and Shirin, and
the work of Amir Khasraw Khamsa and fable Kalila wa Dimna.The 16th century
 manuscripts shifted from the classic literary illustration to contemporary events
such as ambassadors' ceremonies, tax collection, and conquest of border areas in
the Balkans. At the end of the sixteenth century, historical illustrations,
reminiscent of the splendor of the Ottoman State and the conquests they
conquered, were valuable contributions of the Turks to the Middle Eastern
manuscript traditions and enlightened Muslim manuscript traditions. The art of
Ottoman Manuscripts is reminiscent of the consciousness of the Ottoman elite as
the power of world history.
In the field of architecture, mosques there prove its progress. A number of
Ottoman mosques and colleges expressed the magnitude of Ottoman attention to
Islamic teachings as well as designing several features, such as a very large
single dome, towering tall towers, a number of pillar buildings supporting the
central palace space, showing a strong influence on the Aya Shopia model, the
Byzantine church the biggest. Aya Shopia was made a mosque since the reign of
Muhammad al-Fatih to Kemal Atta Turk. By Kemal, Aya Shopia has been made
a museum until now.
Thus the Ottoman mosques demonstrated the pattern of the largest eastern
Christian churches, for example the "Dome of the Rock" in Jerusalem, and
expressed the height of Islam in its rivalry with Christianity. Hoja Sinan (1490-
1578) was a great figure in this field of architectural art.In the field of education,
the Ottomans ushered in the organization of a widespread madrasa education
system. The first Ottoman Madrasah was founded in Izmir in 1331, when a
number of ulama 'were brought in from Iran and Egypt to develop Muslim
teaching in several new territories.
Some of the later sultans established several colleges in Bursa, Edirne and
in Istanbul. At the end of the fifteenth century some of these colleges were
arranged in a hierarchy that determined the career path for the great scholars.
The college that was built by Sulaiman in 1550 and 1559 really became a
college with a high ranking. The rankings below are a number of colleges
established by previous sultan sultans and ranked below a number of these
colleges, a number of universities established by State officials and scholars'
madrasas not only organized in ranks, but also differentiated based on some of
their educational functions. The lowest level Madrasas teach nahwu (Arabic
grammar) and sharaf (syntax), mantiq (logic), theology, astronomy, geometry
and rhetoric. The highest level colleges teach law and theology.

C. Spread of Islamic Civilization in Africa

1. Arrival of Islam in North Africa
The past social life of North Africa is the life of a tribal rural community,
nomads (relocating) and patriarchy. When this area was under Roman rule, there
was no doubt that its influence was very large for the Barbarian community.
generally they are influenced by the city's elite who adopt the languages, ideas and
customs of the rulers. But there are not many elites. Furthermore, after the Vandals
(Barbarians) gained victory, Roman influence in much of Africa began to stop,
 except the old economic and barbarian civilizations gradually reappeared. Thus it
can be said that in the 1H / 7M century North African social life was more of a
tribal, normad and patriarchal life.Islam masuk wilayah Afrika Utara pada saat itu
berada di bawah kekuasaan kekaisaran Romawi sebuah imperium yang amat luas
yang melingkupi berbagai Negara dan berjenis jenis bangsa manusia. Penaklukan
daerah ini pada dasarnya sudah mulai dirintispada masa kekhalifahan umar bin
Khatab. In 640M ‘Amr ibn al-Ash succeeded in entering Egypt after obtaining
conditional permission from the caliph Umar to conquer the area.
During the Caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan the conquest of Islam had extended
to Barqah and Tripoli. The conquest of the two cities was forced to protect the
security of the Egyptian region. The conquest did not last long, because the
governor of the Roman governor regained the abandoned territories. But the cruelty
and extortion they carried out had disturbed the tranquility of the natives, so it was
not long before the natives themselves begged the Muslims to free them from
Roman rule. The request was endorsed by the Caliph after the death of Uthman who
at that time had moved to the hands of Muawiyah ibn Sufyan. The first caliph was
the Umayyad. He was determined to give the final blow to Roman rule in North
Africa, and entrust this task to a famous commander, namely ‘Uqbah ibn Nafi 'al-
Fihri (W. 683M), who had settled in Barqah since the area was conquered.However,
in 683 AD Muslims in North Africa suffered a severe setback, because the
Barbarians under my leadership had risen to rebel and defeat alahkan Uqbah. He
and his troops were killed in battle. Since then Muslims were powerless to restore
power in North Africa, because in addition to dealing with the Barbarians, they also
had to deal with the Romans who took advantage of the insurgency.
When the government was held by Abdul Malik Ibn Marwan (685-705M), the
Umayyads began to rise again to seize North Africa. He sent troops under Hasan ibn
Nu'man al Ghassani to restore the lost prestige of Islam. These troops managed to
crush the Roman army and drive them from North Africa and succeeded in
suppressing the resistance of the Barbarians. Since then North Africa and the
Maghreb region are no longer included in the Egyptian neighborhood, but have
stood as separate territories governed by a governor appointed by the caliph. [3]

2. Aspects of Progress in Civilization

Since the beginning of the arrival of Islam in North Africa, Islamic culture and
civilization have begun to show its development. This was marked by the
development of Qirawan which was built by q Uqbah ibn Nafi in 50 H / 670 AD
which not only became a mere military city, but became one of the brilliant centers
of science and civilization in Islamic history.The policy of Islamization of ibn
Nushair applied in the area, even though it did not make the entire population
adhered to Islam, can be said as a pioneering step in the process of the development
of Islamic culture and civilization.
At least with that policy Arabic is used as the official language of the State
and association. This step is very effective, so that Arabic can shift the position of
Latin, although it has very little influence on the dialect of the native dialect of the
Barbarians. In turn, later advances in various disciplines (relating to the problems of
theology, law, history, literature, poetry, philosophy, and biography) will all later be
 written in Arabic.The beautiful Maghreb architecture with the strong influence of the
eastern arrangements in the building, was born in the city of Qairawan, immediately
after the Aghlabiyah dynasty (800-900 AD) made it the center of civilization.
This can be seen in the building of the great mosque of Qairawan and the
fortress of Raqqada, as well as the city of residence of the rulers who were built not
far from Qairawan. Several large reservoirs for irrigation and clean water supply for
city residents were also successfully built.
At that time, Qairawan was not only a model for the urban life of Muslims in
North Africa, but also became a very important cultural center. The rulers of the
Aghlabiyah dynasty were very concerned about intellectual problems, and they had
very great services in helping develop the city. So various fields of science were
born, such as theology, law and poetry of the Maghreb. It can even be said that until
the end of the 3H / 9M century, intellectual development in Qairawan could be
equated with other Muslim cultural centers of its time.
Among the leading sciences graduates of the Qairawan school are Sahnun, a
legal expert with the Maliki discipline whose influence is still felt today.Next to
Qairawan, Tahart (Tiaret) also made considerable progress. In the economic field,
the region experienced tremendous material prosperity. He became the terminal of
one of the trans-sahara caravan routes, so it was called "Small Iraq", in addition to
being a scholarship center. All kinds of taxes that are very burdensome to the people
are abolished. Income that can be collected for the country is 120,000 pounds of
gold.
The lives of fertile people prosper and the people feel peaceful and peaceful.
Meanwhile, the Moroccan region is a place for the spread of Islamic culture among
the Barbarian people, especially the Syi'ah culture.Another thing that reflects the
height of Islamic civilization in North Africa is progress in the field of linguistics. At
this time Lexicographer figures emerged. While progress in the health sector can be
seen with the establishment of a large hospital in Marrakech.

3. In the medical field

There is a famous figure, Abu Marwan ibn Abdul Malikibn Zuhr who is better
known as Ibn Zuhr. He was a famous physician and surgeon who lived contemporary
with Ibn Rushd (d. 1198 AD). He was born in Penaflor as a descendant of the Arab
tribe, Iyaz ibn Nizar, so that behind his name is usually added by al-Iyazi. His
expertise was later enshrined to Yusuf ibn Tasyfin, the caliph of the Banu al-
Murabithun. He was the first to think of a bronchotomy by clearly showing joints
and fractures. His son, Marwan, also followed in the footsteps of his father being a
surgeon and army doctor Yusuf ibn Tasyfin.In the fields of history and sociology,
Ibn Khaldun (d. 1406 AD) became the greatest maestro in Islamic history. He was of
Yemeni descent born in Tunis in 1332 AD His family came from Hadramaut who
immigrated to North Africa hundreds of years earlier, so that behind his name was
sometimes added by al-Hadrami. Besides being known as the "father of the
philosophy of history" he is also known as the "father of sociology" whose theories
are still the reference of modern sociologists today. The great historical book is Kitab
al-Ibar which was written for 4 years in an area near Oran. While the masterpiece is
the book of the Muqaddimah. In the book he investigates the origin of society, the
 development of civilization, the laws of social change, the causes of the rise and fall
of kingdoms and dynasties, as well as the influence of climate on the formation of
national character. [4]

4. The Influence of Islamic Civilization in the West

Islamic science initially developed on the European mainland namely Tolado,
Kardova, and Sevilla, Dinogari Andalusia. Then it flows to Western countries
through Western educated people. They translated books written by Muslims in
Western languages. Among these Western students are:
1. Abolart Bath. He was educated in Islam at Tolado, then a mathematician and
a famous British philosopher.
2. Mazarabez. He was Muslim, but because he was forced by a Christian West
environment and so as not to be suspected, he changed his name to Petrus al-
Phonsi. He went to England and became a doctor of the palace of the
English king Henri I. He opened a college and taught Islamic knowledge
3. Archedeacon Dominico Gundisavi. He founded Bait al-Hikmah. Here is a
place for Arabic books.
4. Ibn Dawud. A Jewish Muslim. In the West it is known as Avendeath. He
copied Arabic books into other languages regarding astronomy and
astrology.
5. Gerard Cremona. He was born in Cremona Italy in 1114 AD he translated
books on philosophy, mathematics, medicine.

From the description above it can be concluded that the golden age of the Abbasids
was achieved in the first period. We can see the golden age from the wider government
of the Abbasids, and the migration of the capital to Baghdad, where the capital city of
Baghdad was an intellectual center at that time. In this period we usually call the
golden age.
In fact, during the reign of the Abbasids there were many rebellions. But in this
first period rebellions could be overcome, even though they had not yet reached its
roots. The government of the Abbasids reached golden age also supported by several
factors, including as translators giving their opinions. This is done because of human
limitations in thinking this is the best way to advance knowledge.
This method will also not succeed if it is not supported by all the people. From here
came Muslim intellectuals who were very influential in science.Al-Mahdi, Al-Hadi,
Harun ar-Rashid, al-Ma'mum, al-Mu'tashim, al-Wasiq, and al-Mutawakil are skilled
people with noble science and morality who can bring a good name the nation in
general and the Caliphate in particular, so that in the eyes of the world it was referred
to as figures (scientists) of the golden age in the days of the Abbasid caliph.Dari
beberapa khalifah yang memimpin pada periode pertama dapat disimpulkanbahwa
masa keemasan dicapai pada masa pemerintahan khalifah al-Mahdi, al-Hadi, Harun ar-
Rasyid, al-Ma’mun, al-Mu’tashim, al-Wasik, dan al-Mutawakil.
But there is an assumption that at the time of the caliph Harun ar-Rashid was the
golden peak among the other caliphs. One reason for this assumption was that he
founded Baitul Hikmah which was a cultural institution and a brilliant mind at that
time.In the golden age of the Abbasids also born Muslim intellectual figures, including
 al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, al-Ghazali, al-Khawarijmi, and al-Battani. All the
figures above play a very important role in the development of science during the time
of the Abbasids.[5]

5. Islamic Intellectual Contributions to the Western World

In more than seven centuries, Islamic rule in Spain. Muslims have achieved glory
there. Many of their achievements, even their influence brought Europe and then the
world to more complex progress.
Spain is a fertile country. Its fertility brings high economic income and produces
many thinkers. Spanish Islamic society is a majestic society consisting of Arab
communities. [6]
Not only that, the development of science in the Islamic world in the Middle Ages
was also supported by the existence of an integral and dynamic Islamic education
system. So as to be able to produce great scholars in almost all scientific fields.
This is what ultimately can contribute greatly to the development of science in later
periods, especially in the West. In addition, such dynamics are still wrapped up in
Islamic morality shown.The development of science produced by Muslim scientists has
given rise to various major works in various scientific fields which became a reference
for Western scientists in the future. [7]

Among Islamic intellectual contributions to the Western world in the intellectual

field are:
1. Philosophy
Islam in Spain has recorded a very brilliant piece of culture in Islamic
history. He acts as a crossing bridge that is passed by science. Arab Greece came
to Europe in the 12th century. Interest in philosophy and science began to be
developed in the 9th century AD during the reign of the 5th Umayyad ruler
Muhammad Abd ar-Rahman (832-886 AD).On the initiative of al-Hakam (961-
979 AD) scientific and philosophical works were imported from the east in large
numbers, so Cordova with her library and universities was able to rival Baghdad
as the main center of knowledge in the Islamic world. What was done by the
leaders of the Umayyad dynasty in Spain was a preparation to give birth to great
philosophers in the future.
The first major figure in the history of Spanish-Arabic philosophy was Abu
Bakr Muhammad ibn as-Sayigh, better known as Ibn Bajah, who was born in
Saragosa. He moved in Sevilla and Granada. Died due to poisoning in Fez in
1938 AD at a young age.The second main figure was Abu Bakr ibn Tuffail, a
native of Wadi Asy, a small hamlet east of Granada and died in old age in 1985
AD He wrote many problems in medicine, astronomy and philosophy. His
famous philosophical work is Hay ibn Yaqzhan.The latter part of the 12th
century witnessed the emergence of the greatest aristocratic follower in
philosophy, namely ibn Rusyd of Cordova. He was born in 926 AD and died in
 998 AD His trademark was carefulness in cultivating chronic problems regarding
harmony of philosophy and religion. He is also a fiqh expert with his bidayah al-
Mujtahid. The famous works of Ibn Rushd were Mabadu Falasifah, Kulliyat,
Tafsir Urjuza, Kasful Afillah, the book of dogmas and others. Ibn Rushd was
also a doctor beside the philosopher. His famous medical book is al-Hawi.

2. Science
Medical science, music, astronomy, chemistry and others are also well
developed, Abbas ibn Farnas is famous in chemistry and astronomy. Ibrahim and
Ibn Yahya an-Naqash are well known in astronomy. He can determine the time
of the solar eclipse and determine how long. He also succeeded in making
modern binoculars that could determine the distance between the solar system
and stars. Ahmad ibn Ibbas from Cordova is an expert in the field of medicine.
Umm al-Hasan bint Abi Ja'far and al-Hafidz's sister are two medical experts
from among women.
Famous medical doctors include:
a. Thabib ibn Qurra '(221-228 H / 836-901 M) is considered to be the
father of chemistry.
b. Al-Razi or Razes (251-313 H / 809-873 AD) are well-known in the
field of measles and smallpox which are translated in Latin.
c. Ibn Sina (370-428 AH / 980-1037 AD) Europeans call it Avicena.
Next to a philosopher, he is also a doctor and musician. His famous
essay is Shafa (consisting of 18 volumes), Najat, Sadidiya (consisting
of 5 volumes), Danes Nameh, al-Qanun fi at-Thib (a book about
medicine translated in Latin).

In the field of history and geography, gave birth to many famous thinkers. Ibn
Jubar of Valencia (1145-1228 AD) wrote about the Muslim countries of the
Mediterranean and Seolia and Ibn Batuthah of Fagier (1304-1377 AD) reached
the Pasai Ocean and China. Ibn al-Khatib (1317-1374 AD) compiled a history of
Granada while Ibn Khaldun from Tunis was a formulator of historical
philosophy.

3. Jurisprudence
In the field of Islamic Spanish jurisprudence it is known as the Maliki
religious school. The one who introduced the Maliki sect there was Ziyad ibn
Abd ar-Rahman. Further developments were determined by Ibn Yahya who
became qadhi during the time of Hisham ibn Abd ar-Rahman. Other jurists
included Abu Bakr ibn al-Quthiyah, Munzir ibn Said al-Baluthi, and famous
Hazm.

4. Music and Arts

 In the field of music and sound art, Islam achieved brightness with its character
al-Hasan ibn Nafi 'nicknamed Zaryab. Every time a meeting and banquet is held,
Zaryab always appears and displays his abilities.

6. Language and Literature

Arabic has become the language of administration in Islamic rule in Spain.
That can be accepted by Muslims and non-Muslims, even native Spaniards
dominate their native language. Also many are experts and proficient in Arabic.
Both speaking and grammar skills such as Abu Ali al-Isybili, Abu al-Hasan ibn
Usfur and Abu Hayyan al-Gharnathi. Along with the progress of the
language, many literary works emerged such as Ibn Abd Rabbih's al-Iqd al-Farid,
al-Dzakirah fi Mahasin ahl al-Jazirah by ibn Bassam, and the book al-Qalaid by
al-Fath ibn Khaqan. [ 8]
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
In Andalusian culture, the Islamic field of science that developed at that time
included jurisprudence, hadith, interpretation, kalam science, history, Arabic grammar
and philosophy.
Islam entered the territory of North Africa at that time was under the rule of
the Roman empire a very broad empire that encompassed various countries and types
of human kind. The conquest of this area basically began to be initiated during the
Umar bin Khatab Caliphate. In 640M ‘Amr ibn al-Ash succeeded in entering Egypt
after obtaining conditional permission from the caliph Umar to conquer the area.
Among Islamic intellectual contributions to the Western world in the
intellectual field are:
1. Philosophy
2. Science
3. Jurisprudence
4. Music and Arts
5. Language and Literature

B. Suggestions
Thus the papers that we can compile, we realize that there are still many
shortcomings, therefore constructive criticism and suggestions from the readers are
very much expected. Hope this papers can be a benefit for all of us.
 REFERENCES

A. Hasjmy, Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam, PT Karya Uniperss, Jakarta; 1979

Badri Yatim, Sejarah Peradaban Islam Dirasah Islamiyah II, PT Raja Grafindo Persada,
Jakarta; 2004
Dudung Abdurahman, Sejarah Peradaban Islam, LESFI, Yogjakarta; 2009
Fatah Syukur, Sejarah Peradaban Islam, PT Pustaka Rizki Putra, Semarang; 2012

Musyrifah Sunanto, Sejarah Islam Klasik, Prenada Media, Jakarta; 2003

Samsul Nizar, Sejarah Pendidikan Islam, Kencana Prenada Media Group, Jakarta; 2009
ATTACHMENT
The Result of Interview
A. Anallenian Selviana
1.

Name : Aisyah Rifdahtul U

Study : Mathematics (Universitas Airlangga)
Addres : Perum Sutorejo Asri Surabaya

L: “menerut anda apakah ada keterkaitan antara islam dan peradaban dunia?”
B: “ ada, letak keterkaitan tersebut yaitu peradaban dunia dipengaruhi oleh islam
yang pada saait itu mencapai golden age. Disitu lahir ilmuan besar dunia.
Contohnya dalam bidang matematika, astronomi, botani, kedokteran, dan
masih banyak lagi. Ekspansi atau penaklukan juga dengan perdagangan.
Dengan lahirnya ilmuan besar, maka bidang keilmuan sangat dipengaruhi dan
berkiblat pada arah timur. Begitupun dengan dampak penaklukan arsitektur,
budaya, kuliner dll. Semua terpengaruhi dan menimbulkan adanya akulturasi.
Perdaganganpun juga berpengaruh.”

2.
Name : Iqbal Putra Pratama
Study : D3 Pajak PKN STAN
Addres : JL. Dr. Soetomo, Kabongan lor, Rembang

L: “menurut anda, adakah keterkaitan antara islam dan peradaban dunia?”

I: “Menurut saya, islam dan peradaban dunia itu saling terkait. Peradaban dunia
dibangun oleh islam, karena islam itu Rahmatan lil alamin. Islam adalah
rahmat bagi seluruh alam semesta. Begitu banyak kontribusi islam dalam
pembangunan peradaban dunia, namun selalu di klaim oleh orang-orang barat
sebagai penemuannya. Banyak ilmuan ilmuan muslim yang menemukan
peralatan2 canggih yang digunakan oleh peradaban dunia saat ini. Dan yang
paling penting, suatu suri teladan buat Para Pemimpin dunia saat ini adalah
gaya kepemimpinan Nabi Muhammad SAW. Beliau telah mencontohkan
bagaimana adab menjadi seorang pemimpin yang baik dan dicintai oleh
rakyatnya.”
L: “menurit anda apakah hal tsb bertahan lama? dan mengapa di klaim oleh
bagsa barat?”
I: “Islam berlandaskan Al-Qur'an. Dan Al-Qur'an adalah kitab suci sepanjang
zaman. Jadi tidak ada keraguan lagi untuk mengatakan bahwa kontribusi
islam 'tidak' hanya bertahan lama, tetapi akan berlaku sepanjang zaman.
Karena di dalam islam setelah zaman Daulah Abbasiyah dan Umayyah, tidak
ada kelanjutannya sehingga penemuan penemuan dari zaman tersebut diklaim
oleh bangsa bangsa barat sebagai hasil dari penemuan mereka dan
menggiring opini orang orang di dunia bahwa merekalah bangsa yang terkuat
dan banyak berkontribusi pada peradaban dunia.”
L: “ mengapa ilmuan islam dulunya tidak mengkaim terlebih dahulu? pendapat
anda ttg peradaban islam di zaman modern seperti ini bagaima?”
I: “Sudah disebutkan di awal bahwa setelah daulah Abbasiyah dan Umayyah,
peradaban islam mengalami kemunduran, sehingga banyak penemuan2 dr
ilmuan ilmuan islam yang dipakai oleh bangsa barat yang memiliki modal
lebih banyak untuk mengembangkannya dan mengklaim hal tersebut sebagai
 penemuannya. Padahal hal tersebut hanyalah pengembangan dr penemuan
umat islam.
Peradaban islam di zaman ini mengalami kemunduran. Karena
dominasi bangsa barat di dunia dan usaha-usaha mereka memecah belah umat
islam sehingga umat islam mengalami zaman kemunduran pada masa kini.
Tetapi suatu saat akan datang suatu masa dimana islam akan kembali kepada
kejayaannya, yaitu dimasa kepemimpinan Imam Mahdi.”
L: “sebagai umat islam, apalah langkah yg dpt kita lakukan terkait kemumduran
tersebut?”
I: “Umat islam harus banyak belajar. Harus seimbang, ada yg belajar tentang
fiqih dan akidah, dan diseimbangkan dengan konsep konsep sains dan sosial
saat ini. Agar umat islam tidak dicap sebagai agama yang keras karena kita
hanya berbicara masalah akidah dan fiqih, namun umat islampun harus
memberikan kontribusinya di bidang keilmuan sains dan sosial yang relevan
dengan masa kini yang tetap dilandasi oleh Al-Qur'an dan Hadist. Sehingga
dunia memandang islam bukan sebagai agama yang keras tetapi memandang
islam sebagai bagian dari pembangunan peradaban dunia.”
L: “apakah kemumduran bani ummayah n abbasiyah besar kemungkinan karena
bangsa barat yg benci islam?”
I: “Bukan. Karena tidak ada lagi penerus penerus kekhalifahan yg cakap setelah
zaman kejayaan sehingga perlahan surut dan mengalami kemunduran”
L: “kekhalifaan seperti apa dikatakan cakap? apakah bisa saat ini islam mencapai
puncak kejayaannya lagi? terlebih ditinjau dari kebenaran al quran yg
menyebabkan banyak ilmuan memjadi mualaf”
I: “Khalifah dikatakan cakap ketika rakyat yg dipimpinnya menjadi makmur dan
kebijakan2nya sesuai dengan Al-Qur'an dan Hadits.
Untuk saat ini belum ada orang-orang islam yang berani mendobrak dunia dan
membuat perubahan tatanan di dunia ini.”
L: “apa yang akan anda lakukan untuk membuat perubahan dan mendobrak
kembali islam kepuncak kejayaan?
I: “Berusaha sebaik mungkin menuntut ilmu dan menerapkan ilmu itu ke dunia
nyata. Serta mengajak serta muslim2 lain untuk melakukan hal yg sama.”
L: “menurut anda, peradaban islam mencangkup apa saja?”
I: “Semua aspek kehidupan”
3. Name : Yenni F.
Study : National University of Singapore
Addres : Yogyakarta.
B. Reza Pahlevi
Question:
1. Seperti apakah kondisi peradaban dunia saat ini?
2. Apa saja kontribusi Islam dalam pengembangan peradaban dunia?
3. Apa dampak-dampak dari kontribusi yang Islam berikan dalam pengembangan
peradaban dunia?
4. Bagaimana sikap yang tepat dari kita sebagai mahasiswa muslim agar
peradaban dunia dapat berkembang semakin baik lagi?
 Narasumber : Yumna Kemal Alfatih
Ilmu Keperawatan / Universitas Airlangga
Alamat : Mulyosari tengah V
 1. Menurut saya, kondisi peradaban dunia saat ini sangat maju seperti
berkembangnya teknologi seiring berjalannya waktu.
2. Salah satunya adalah penemuan dari penemu matematika yang
bernama Al-Khawarizmi yang sangat mempengaruhi peradaban
dunia pada saat itu bahkan hingga kini.
3. Dari penemuan Al-Khawarizmi tersebut sangatlah mempengaruhi
peradaban dunia, yaitu semakin bertambahnya ilmu pengetahuan
sehingga teknologi semakin berkembang pesat hingga saat ini.
4. Dengan memanfaatkan semua ilmu pengetahuan yang ada saat ini,
kita sebagai mahasiswa seharusnya belajar yang giat agar
kedepannya peradaban dunia semakin berkembang lagi.
 Narasumber : Rifky Justian
Teknik Elektro / Universitas Brawijaya
Alamat : Salah satu kosan di Kota Baru, Malang

1. Jika kita melihat peradaban dunia saat ini kemana ia berlayar dapat
dikatakan sangat menyimpang dengan al quran, dan al hadis. Beberapa
contoh diantaranya di zaman kita begitu maraknya orang orang yang
bersuara untuk melegalkan LGBT. Mereka berpendapat bahwa itu
merupakan urusan pribadi dan tidak ada sangkut pautnya dengan
pemerintah ataupun sosial. Alhasil setelah banyak yang melegalkan
LGBT semakin banyak bibit bibit yang tumbuh. Hal ini tidak sejalan
dengan Alquran dan tentunya dilarang oleh Allah. Lalu fenomena yang
biasa terjadi adalah bukan rahasia umum bahwa banyak orang yang
terjerumus dalam minuman keras, dengan dalih bahwa minuman
 beralkohol dapat membuat perasaan lebih tenang dan gembira dan tak
sedikit yang ketagihan tentu hal ini pun dilarang didalam alquran.
2. Kontribusi islam dalam pengembangan dunia adalah ketika penemuan
awal matematika dulu penemunya adalah al khawarizmi, dari situlah
peradaban dunia berubah banyak sekali yang pengembangannya
bersumber pada penemuan al khawarizmi, atau sistem waktu dunia
yang juga ditemukan oleh orang islam dan juga bapak dokter pertama
kali adalah orang islam juga.
3. Dampaknya sangat banyak, yaitu salah satunya teknologi yang ada
sekarang adalah ditemukannya waktu dunia. Bisa dibayangkan jika
waktu dunia tidak ditemukan tentu tidak akan ada bulan masehi seperti
sekarang ini.
4. Tentu sikap yang harus kita tanamkan adalah berpegang teguh pada al
quran dan as sunnah yang dapat memfilter dan sekaligus sebagai
tameng terhadap peradaban dunia yang kurang sejalan, jika kita
melihat ada suatu kesalahan yang tidak sesuai dengan alquran dam as
sunah maka sudah sewajibnya kita memberitahunya.
 Name : Muhammad Sidnan
Study : UTM (University Teknologi Malaysia)
C. Dimas
Question:
1. Hubungan islam terahadap peradaban dunia
2. Dampak pengaruh islam terhadap peradaban dunia
3. Hasil para pakar islam yang mendunia
 Muhammad Miftahul Ilmi (uinsa)
a. Banyak sekali yang dihasilkan oleh pakar pakar muslim ataupun para ulama
dalam pengembangan peradaban dunia,mulai dari konsep ekonomi,struktur
pemerintahan,politik,teknologi,pendidikan dan masih banyak lagi
b. Islam juga ikut berkontribusi dalam memajukan zaman. Seperti yang sudah
dijelaskan di awal bahwa banyak uama dan pakar islam yang telah
menyumbangkan ide,pikiran,tenaga atau yang lain untuk membantu memajukan
peradaban di seluruh nusatara
c. 1.Terdapat dua khalifah besar yaitu Harun dan anaknya Al ma’mun yang banyak
memberikan materi atau hasilpikir mengenai teknologi,sains,rasionalitas dan
logika

 Putri sekar (ub)

 a. Pengembangan peradaban islam tak jauh dari campur tngan orang
islam,banyak sejarah yang ditulis di buku buku sejarah tentang
pengembangan peradaban dunia,para penemu,para ahli,dan lain lain yang
disitu banyak para ahli,pakar dan penemu yang beragama islam. Dan juga
dari segi ekonomi dan jual beli para penyebar agama islam di tanah asia
khusus nya di pesisir pantai menggunakan cara berdagang yang baik dengan
hasil laba yang memuaska,dari situ orang orang dulu dapat menerima ilmu
cara berdagang yang baik dari penyebar agama islam
b. Banyak dampak yang terjadi di dunia ini yang diakibatkan dari penemuan
penemuan pakar islam,khalifah dan ahli yang beragama islam. Entah itu
dibidang teknologi,astronomi,ekonomi,kebudayaan,pendidikan dan lain lain
Dangan dasar Al Quran dan sumber ilmu pengetahuan terlengkap yang
dimiliki umat manusia (Yunani, Romawi, Persia, India) maka para pakar bisa
mengembangkan ide dan pikiran nya untuk ikut berkontribusi dalam
pengembangan peradaban dunia itu
c. al khawirizmi penemu al jabar dan angka nol,penemu secan dan
tangen,aritmatika
ibnu al haitman penemu teknologi optic
ibnu sina
dan masih banyak lagi

 Name :
Study :
D. Ofin
 Name : Aqiilla Zidane A I
Study : S1 Teknik Kimia UGM
 Pertanyaan:
1. menurutmu adakah keterkaitan antara islam dan peradaban
dunia? beserta alasannya
2. pendapat anda tentang peradaban islam pada zaman modern ini
bagaimana?
Jawaban:
1. ada karena islam mengatur umatnya untuk menghadapi
perubahan peradaban di dunia, mengatur dalam artian
memberi tuntunan dalam menyortir yang mana yang baik dan
yang buruk
2. menurutku peradaban islam modern kurang menunjukkan
bahwa islam adalah agama damai, contoh yg paling dekat di
indonesia cuma gara-gara pemilu saja banyak saling
mengafirkan dan persekusi padahal islam sebenernya
mengajarkan kedamaian dalam perbedaan
 Name : Dimas Rayhan
Study : S1 Teknik Industri UPN

Pertanyaan:
1. menurutmu adakah keterkaitan antara islam dan peradaban
dunia? beserta alasannya
2. pendapat anda tentang peradaban islam pada zaman modern ini
bagaimana?
 Jawaban:
1. Menurut saya jelas ada. Pada jaman dahulu, orang-orang islam adalah
yang berpengaruh di bidang pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Di islam
sendiri juga diajarkan tentang berbuat baik sehingga tercipta
perdamaian. Di dalam Alquran sendiri juga banyak sekali ilmu-ilmu
pengetahuan sebagai petunjuk bagi manusia. Banyak sekali penemuan-
penemuan yang telah diteliti yang sebenarnya sudah ada di dalam
Alquran.
2. Sudah berkembang jika dibandingkan jaman dahulu. Sudah banyak
masjid-masjid dan pemeluk-pemeluknya. Akses para ulama-ulama dan
orang-orang dalam berdakwah juga semakin mudah. Tapi mungkin
untuk sektor produksi barang dan perekonomian dikalahkan oleh orang-
orang yang bukan islam.

 Name : Mohd Juma

Study : S2 Ekonomi Universitas Tehran
 E. Athif
Question List:
1. Pendapat pribadi anda tentang penyebaran islam diluar negeri
2. Efek islam dalam pengembangan keilmiahan dalam luar negeri
3. Kontribusi islam dalam budaya budaya dunia
4. Pendapat pribadi tentang kontribusi islam dalam peradaban dunia barat
5. Budaya islam yang masih bertahan di luar negeri
6. Apakah budaya islam dapat disatukan/diperpadukan dengan budaya lain
7. Efek penyebaran islam dalam kehidupan sosial diluar negeri
8. Apakah budaya islam masih dapat dipertahankan di dunia modern sekarang
9. Apakah dunia masih memperlukan budaya islam si luar negeri

 Name : Muhammad Abyan Praska Ramadhan

Study : S1 Ekonomi Islam Unair

1. Masuknya Islam di berbagai penjuru negeri, adalah salah satu bukti bahwa
dakwah Nabi Muhammad SAW telah sempurna menyusuri seluruh penduduk
bumi. Islam tak hanya tersebar di wilayah jazirah Arab dan sekitarnya saja, namun
Islam juga telah berkembang di Amerika, Jepang, bahkan juga di kepulauan kecil
diantara Samudra Atlantik pun telah tersentuh cahaya Islam. Ini membuktikan
bahwa tak sedikitpun negeri yang terlewatkan dalam penyebaran Islam
2. Salah satu efek Islam dalam pengembangan keilmiahan dunia adalah keberadaan
perpustakaan Islam dan lembaga keilmuan seperti masjid Al-Azhar yang
merupakan pusat para intelektual muslim berkumpul dan melakukan proses
pengkajian serta perkembangan ilmu dan sain.
3. Salah satu kontribusi Islam dalam budaya dunia adalah adanya penemuan
intelektual yang dapat mengubah budaya dan tradisi umat manusia
4. Tak bisa dipungkiri bahwa arus migrasi negara-negara Arab ke Eropa menjadi
kunci awal bagaimana Islam dapat berkembang dalam peradaban di dunia barat.
Kini Islam telah mampu berkembang pesat dan berkontribusi di berbagai negara
benua Eropa sebagai sebuah peradaban bagi dunia barat
5. Salah satu budaya Islam yang masih bertahan di luar negeri adalah perayaan
keagamaan, sebagai contoh adalah peringatan Isra' Mi'raj
6. Indonesia merupakan negara berpenduduk Muslim terbesar, namun juga
bersaudara dengan umat beragama lain. Di Indonesia, ada keragaman pengetahuan-
budaya, sumberdaya alam dan kemauan untuk saling melindungi dan menghargai.
Maka untuk menjadi negara yang kuat dan berdaulat, keragaman tersebut harus
saling melindungi dan menghargai
7. Dalam kehidupan sosial tentu membutuhkan agama agar jalannya kehidupan dapat
terkontrol dengan baik sesuai dengan tuntunan yang jelas dan peraturan tentang
mana yang benar dan mana yang salah.
8. Dalam kondisi Islam yang sedang terjajah seperti saat ini, sangat logis jika dunia
Islam menaruh harap pada Turki di bawah kepemimpinan Erdogan. Bukan saja
karena alasan sejarah, namun juga faktor track record kepemimpinan Erdogan.
Turki memang belum menjadi negara kuat selevel dengan Amerika, China, dan
Rusia. Tapi, Erdogan sadar keunggulan peradaban Islam dan sejarah agungnya.
Maka apabila Islam dapat bersatu, maka kejayaan Islam akan dapat diraih kembali
9. Relasi antara agama dengan dunia itu adalah simbiosis mutualism atau saling
membutuhkan. Dunia membutuhkan religiusitas sehingga tidak menjadi dunia
sekuler. Sedangkan, agama juga membutuhkan dunia sehingga dapat mendapatkan
fasilitas dari pemerintah untuk menyebarkan ajaran keagamaan. Selain itu, dunia
dan agama juga dibutuhkan untuk saling mengimbangi dan memberikan
pengawasan. Dunia membutuhkan agama agar jalannya pemerintahan dapat
terkontrol dengan baik sesuai dengan konstitusi, peraturan perundang-undangan,
dan juga ketentuan masyarakat.
 Name : Fadhil Maulana
Study : S1 Manajemen Bisnis Universitas Indonesia

1. tentunya sangat bagus dan mendukung apabila penyebaran islam dilanjutkan hingga
sampai ke benua afrika, asia tenggara, dan eropa . kalau bisa penyebaran itu harus
merata dan secara luas agar semua benua dapat merasakan apa sebenarnya agama
islam.
2. efeknya dari pengembangan ilmiah sangat bisa terasa dan jika kita bisa memajukan
akan banyak membantu penduduk muslim di luar negeri. banyak ilmu ilmu yang bisa
didapat. contohnya di sekolah yang berbasis islam di luar negeri
3. banyak kontribusi islam dalam dunia barat mulai dari budaya dan keilmiahan sebagai
contohnya adalah mahasiswa muslim sudah mulai yang berprestasi diluar negeri dan
juga mulai mengembangkan budaya islam di benua benua lain
4. pendapat saya adalah setuju namun ada beberapa hal yang juga bersifat negatif dalam
proses penyebaran tersebut salah satu contoh positif dari penyebaran agama islam
adalah akan ada banyak penduduk muslim di luar negeri namun juga menimbulkan
beberapa sifat sifat rasis mau dari penduduk asli dari benuanya atau dari rakyat
muslim sendiri
5. salah satu dari budaya yang masih bertahan hingga saat ini adalah budaya kairo
mesir
6. ya dan tidak, dikatakan tidak sebab budaya islam merupakan budayanya sendiri,
sama halnya dengan budaya budaya yang lain namun bukan berarti tidak semua
budaya tidak dapat digabungkan karena ada beberapa budaya yang bisa disatukan
dengan budaya islam kita hanya tinggal memilih dengan baik dan teliti
7. banyak dari efeknya dapat terasa sangat jelas seperti salah satunya adalah. akan
banyak masjid masjid di luar negeri
8. budaya islam dapat dipertahankan namun jika para pemuda dan pemudinya bersedia
untuk meluangkan waktunya untuk mengembangkan budaya tersebut, mengapa
budaya tersebut harus dipertahankan sebab masih banyak penduduk penduduk islam
yang belum mengenal dengan jelas apa sebenarnya budaya islam
9. masih, dikarenakan di luar negeri sana masih dibangunkan masjid, mushola, atau
tempat mengaji bagi masyarakat muslim disana dan ditambah pula masih banyak
ilmu yang dapat diambil dari budaya islam itu sendiri
 Name : Royan
Study : NUS
 The Contribution of Islam in World
Civilization
(arranged in order to meet assignment courses islam)

Class 21
Group 8
Member of Group:
3. Anallenian Selviana (04311840000003)
 4. Dimas Ivan Aprilian (04311840000091)
5. M. Reza Fahlevi (04311840000063)
6. Athif Lanang Untoro (07311840000032)
7. Fauzi Naufal M (073118400000 )

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER SURABAYA

2018/2019

ATTACHMENT

1. Name : Anallenian Selviana

NRP : 04311840000003
TTL : Rembang, 20 March 2000
From : Rembang

2. Name : Dimas Ivan Aprilian

NRP : 04311840000091
 TTL : 13 april 2000
From : Jombang

3. Name : M. Reza Fahlevi

NRP : 04311840000063
TTL : Batam, 1 Agustus 2000
From : Bandung

4. Nama : Athif Lanang Untoro

NRP : 07311840000032
TTL : Jakarta, 25 maret 2000
From : Jakarta
5. Name : Fauzi Naufal M
TTL : Surabaya, 30 Desember 1999
NRP :
From : Surabaya